Tektronix Computer Monitor WFM700 Series User Manual

User Manual

WFM700 Series

Waveform Monitors

071-0916-08

Test Equipment Depot - 800.517.8431 - 99 Washington Street Melrose, MA 02176 - FAX 781.665.0780 - TestEquipmentDepot.com

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Table of Contents

Status Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Sweep Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Vector Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Waveform Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2-30

2-31

2-32

2-33

Reference

Alarms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Ancillary Data Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ARIB STD-B39 Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Audio Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Audio Mode (Option DG Only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Bowtie Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Composite Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Data Display (WFM700M Only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Diagnostics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Eye / Jitter Mode (WFM700M Only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Gamut Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Line Select Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Logging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Measure Mode (WFM700M Only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Multi Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Picture Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Printing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Status Displays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Vector Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Waveform Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-2

3-4

3-6

3-7

3-14

3-15

3-16

3-17

3-27

3-31

3-32

3-34

3-35

3-36

3-37

3-40

3-44

Index

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General Safety Summary

Review the following safety precautions to avoid injury and prevent damage to

this product or any products connected to it. To avoid potential hazards, use this

product only as specified.

Only qualified personnel should perform service procedures.

Use Proper Power Cord. Use only the power cord specified for this product and

certified for the country of use.

To Avoid Fire or

Personal Injury

Ground the Product. This product is grounded through the grounding conductor

of the power cord. To avoid electric shock, the grounding conductor must be

connected to earth ground. Before making connections to the input or output

terminals of the product, ensure that the product is properly grounded.

Observe All Terminal Ratings. To avoid fire or shock hazard, observe all ratings

and markings on the product. Consult the product manual for further ratings

information before making connections to the product.

Do not apply a potential to any terminal, including the common terminal, that

exceeds the maximum rating of that terminal.

Replace Batteries Properly. Replace batteries only with the proper type and rating

specified.

Do Not Operate Without Covers. Do not operate this product with covers or panels

removed.

Use Proper Fuse. Use only the fuse type and rating specified for this product.

Avoid Exposed Circuitry. Do not touch exposed connections and components

when power is present.

Do Not Operate With Suspected Failures. If you suspect there is damage to this

product, have it inspected by qualified service personnel.

Do Not Operate in Wet/Damp Conditions.

Do Not Operate in an Explosive Atmosphere.

Keep Product Surfaces Clean and Dry.

Provide Proper Ventilation. Refer to the manual’s installation instructions for

details on installing the product so it has proper ventilation.

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General Safety Summary

Symbols and Terms

Terms in this Manual. These terms may appear in this manual:

WARNING. Warning statements identify conditions or practices that could result

in injury or loss of life.

CAUTION. Caution statements identify conditions or practices that could result in

damage to this product or other property.

Terms on the Product. These terms may appear on the product:

DANGER indicates an injury hazard immediately accessible as you read the

marking.

WARNING indicates an injury hazard not immediately accessible as you read the

marking.

CAUTION indicates a hazard to property including the product.

Symbols on the Product. The following symbols may appear on the product:

Protective Ground

(Earth) Terminal

CAUTION

Refer to Manual

WARNING

High Voltage

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Preface

This user manual provides the basic information you need to install and operate

the WFM700 Series Waveform Monitor. Listed below are related documents that

contain information about the instrument.

Category

Description

These buttons change the entire context and content of the LCD display, and

generally function as follows:

Buttons

Major mode

WFM

VECTOR

PICTURE

GAMUT

AUDIO

MULTI

STATUS

MEASURE

EYE

Pressing a button selects a mode and opens a menu (for example, pressing

WFM selects the Waveform display mode and opens the Waveform menu).

The button illuminates to show that the mode is activated.

NOTE: The Eye button is functional on WFM700M instruments only.

HELP

CONFIG

Minor mode

These buttons activate a function that works with one or more major modes and

generally function as follows:

SWEEP

GAIN

CURSOR

LINE SEL

FREEZE

DISPLAY

INPUT

Pressing a button activates a function (if that function is supported in the

currently selected major mode) and displays the menu for that function.

The front-panel button illuminates to show that the mode is activated.

Pressing the CLR MENU button clears the function menu from the screen,

leaving the function active. The major mode button LED will be on, and the minor

one will be off.

PRESET

Some minor modes like Line Select, Sweep, and Cursor remain active and

modify the display when their menu is not displayed. In this case, press the front

panel button once to bring the menu back and then again to exit the mode.

Settings selected in Sweep can only be turned off by pressing the SWEEP button

and using the menu to change modes. The only exception is that when Eye

display mode is selected, if the instrument is in 2 Line or 2 Field sweep, the

sweep setting is changed to 1 Line or 1 Field respectively and does not revert

back when you exit the Eye display mode.

Misc.

These buttons perform their function depending on the current mode.

SELECT

CLR MENU

Press the SELECT button to make a menu selection.

Press the PRINT button to print the instrument display.

Press the CLR MENU button to clear a menu display.

2-4

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Functional Overview

Touch Screen (Soft Keys)

Use the touch screen to select choices from a menu and to access additional

instrument menus. “Buttons” that appear on screen are referred to as soft keys

and change with the instrument mode. The soft keys function as follows:

Some soft keys toggle between two settings, such as enable and disable.

Some soft keys act as a linked group in which only one button can be

selected at a time (mutually exclusive).

Readouts

Various on-screen readouts inform you of instrument settings and conditions,

depending on the current state of the instrument (see Table 2--4). When a menu is

displayed, the readouts on the lower part of the screen move above the menu.

Table 2-4: Readout descriptions

Readout

Location

Lower left

Description

Current reference (Ref)

Text indicates the current source of the video reference: INT (active input signal) or

EXT (signal applied on the external reference connector). Also displays the type

and status of the reference.

Vector graticule type (Bars:)

Horizontal gain (HGain)

Lower left

Text indicates the current setting of the Vector Graticule, 75% or 100%.

Text displays the variable horizontal gain value in yellow to indicate that it is not

standard.

Vertical gain (VGain)

Lower left

Text displays which calibrated vertical gain you have selected, such as 1x or 5x. If

you select variable gain, the readout displays the gain value in yellow.

Selected input / input format

Text indicates the currently selected input (1A, 1B, 2A, or 2B), followed by the input

format. For example, 2A: 1.4835 Gb/s 1080sf:29.97 would indicate that the A input

of the module in slot 2 is selected, it is receiving an HD signal, and that the format

of the signal is 1080sf at a frame rate of 29.97 Hz.

Gamut threshold settings

Lower left

Text indicates the current gamut limit settings for the selected display: Arrowhead,

Diamond, or Split Diamond. For the Arrowhead display, the following readouts are

displayed: Y+C Hi, Y+C Lo, Y Hi, and Y Lo. For the Diamond and Split Diamond

displays, the following readouts are displayed: High and Low.

Color standard

Audio channels

Lower center

Text indicates the current colorimetry standard. Not present in all modes.

If enabled in the Audio Displays submenu of the Configure menu, 16 characters

indicate embedded audio channel status; one character for each channel. The

codes are as follows:

P = Present

— = Not Present

Waveform components

Lower center

Text indicates the currently displayed waveform color components. Non-displayed

components are indicated by dashes. For example, an RGB display with G

deselected would appear as R-B.

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Functional Overview

Table 2-4: Readout descriptions (Cont.)

Readout

Location

Description

Magnification (Mag)

Lower center

Text indicates the mag setting. If mag is on, the text appears in yellow to indicate

that the signal is not being displayed in the normal time scale.

Sweep rate

Lower center

Upper left

Text indicates the selected sweep rate.

Closed caption presence

When the instrument detects the presence of a closed caption signal, CC is

displayed on the screen.

Timecode

Upper left

Text indicates the type of timecode (VITC or ATC) and the decoded time. A

semicolon between the seconds readout and the frame readout indicates that the

timecode is of the “drop-frame” variety. If no timecode is present, no text appears.

Ancillary data

Indicates the presence of ancillary data packets in the video stream, excluding

packets for embedded audio and RP165 EDH. Possible messages are as follows:

Blank - No ancillary data packets present.

Anc Present - Indicates that one or more ancillary data packets are present, and

that no parity or checksum errors were detected.

Anc Error - Indicates that one or more ancillary data packets are present, and that

one or more parity or checksum errors were detected.

Program rating

Upper left

Text indicates the V-chip (Content Advisory) rating of the program.

Eye measurements

Upper left and

center

When the eye measurements are turned on in the Eye display, the current values

of the following eye measurements are displayed: amplitude, rise overshoot, fall

overshoot, rise time, fall time, and rise-fall time delta.

Gamut error

Top center

Upper right

When gamut errors occur, the readout (if enabled) will display either “RGB,” “Y+C,”

or “Lum” for RGB, Composite, or Luminance gamut errors, respectively.

Current date and time

The current date and time is displayed. Use the System submenu of the Configure

menu to set the date and time and to select the format of the date and time

displays.

Field and line

Sample

Upper right

When Line Select is active and Line is selected, on-screen text shows the

displayed field and line number. It also indicates in which portion of the video signal

the selected line occurs.

When Line Select is active and Sample is selected, text displays the selected

sample number, followed by the portion of the video signal that the sample is in,

such as Y, Cb, Cr, EAV, HB, or SAV.

Cursor

When cursors are active, the text displays the time or voltage (depending upon

mode) at their location and the difference in time or voltage between them (delta).

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Functional Overview

Icons

On-screen icons inform you that an error condition exists or an instrument

operation is in progress. The icons are:

Icon

Name

Description

Video Alarm / Error Indi- Appears at the top-middle of the screen when video

cator (Red)

alarms have triggered and remains until just after the last

alarm or error condition is resolved (cleared).

Hardware Fault Indicator Appears when there are hardware issues, such as high

(Yellow)

temperature or a blocked fan, and remains until the

condition is resolved.

Freeze Indicator

(Green)

Appears at the left-middle of the screen when a capture

is available, whether or not it is currently displayed. Refer

to Freeze Menu on page 2-21.

Event Logging Indicator Appears at the top-middle of the screen when event

(White) logging is active.

Context-Sensitive Help

When the instrument is in a major mode, such as Waveform or Vector, pressing

the HELP button displays help about that mode.

2-7

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Functional Overview

Rear Panel Connectors

The rear-panel connectors are shown in Figure 2--2 and described in Table 2--5.

WFM7A or

WFM7HD module

WFM7DG

module

WFM7M

module

ETHERNET

AUX IN

REF IN

SD PIX MON

LOOP

THROUGH

AUX OUT 1

AUX OUT 2

INPUT A

PIX G/Y

PIX B/Pb

PIX R/Pr

INPUT B

SERIAL OUT

JITTER OUT

REMOTE

VGA PIX MON

EXT VGA

Figure 2-2: WFM700 rear panel

2-8

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Functional Overview

Table 2-5: Rear-panel connectors

Connector(s)

Description

This instrument is intended to operate from a single-phase power source with one current-carrying

Power

conductor at or near earth ground (the neutral conductor). Only the Line conductor is fused for

over-current protection. The fuse is internal, on the Power circuit board. Systems that have both

current-carrying conductors live with respect to ground (such as phase-to-phase in multiphase systems)

are not recommended as power sources. Mains frequency is 50 or 60 Hz. Operating voltage range is

continuous from 100 to 240 VAC, 10%.

Video inputs

The waveform monitor provides the following video input connectors:

NOTE: Input A and Input B are separate signal inputs and cannot be used as a loop-through signal path.

INPUT A and INPUT B. Digital, 75 Ω terminating input for signal to be monitored. For WFM700HD, this

can only accept 1.485 Gb/s High Definition serial video. For the WFM700A and WFM700M, this input can

accept HD and 270 Mb/s Standard Definition video.

REF IN LOOP-THROUGH. Compensated for 75 Ω impedance; requires proper termination at one end of

the loop-through connector or at the receiver in a monitored system. Provides for connection of an

external synchronization signal such as black burst or composite video.

AUX IN. Future capability.

Audio inputs / outputs

(Option DG only)

When your instrument has the optional WFM7DG audio module installed, the waveform monitor provides

BNC connectors that function either as inputs for external AES/EBU audio (not necessarily associated

with any video) or as outputs of the de-embedded AES audio associated with the selected video input.

Use the Audio Inputs/Outputs submenu of the Configure menu to configure these connectors.

2-9

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Functional Overview

Table 2-5: Rear-panel connectors (Cont.)

Connector(s)

Description

The waveform monitor provides the following multi-pin connectors:

Multi-pin connectors

VGA PIX MON. A copy of the PIX G/Y, B/Pb, R/Pr pix mon outputs. This allows using an inexpensive

VGA monitor for non-critical HD applications. Most computer monitors will not lock to 50 Hz vertical rates

or to Standard Definition line rates, so this may not work in all applications.

EXT VGA. Provides an exact copy of the instrument display to drive an external monitor.

REMOTE. 9-pin subminiature D-type connector used as a Ground Closure interface for remote control.

ETHERNET. (10/100 Base T). 10/100 Mbit/sec Ethernet interface. Used for for web-based remote control

of the instrument and for downloading firmware upgrades.

The waveform monitor provides the following coaxial outputs:

Coaxial Outputs

PIX G/Y, B/Pb, R/Pr. Provides three 75 Ω component signal outputs to drive a component picture

monitor. You can set the output format to YPbPr or RGB. Out of gamut input signals cause the affected

areas to be highlighted on the monitor display. This gamut error highlight or “bright-up” signal is controlled

in the Configure menu.

SD PIX MON. This output is a copy of the PIX G/Y, B/Pb, R/Pr pix mon output, but is reclocked in SD

serial digital format. It is operational only for SD format input signals, and only while the SD signal is

being displayed on the screen of the waveform monitor. In addition, there is no signal output from this

connector on a module while an input signal from a second module is being displayed on the screen.

SERIAL OUT. Provides a version of the selected signal input (Video Input A or B). There is no signal

output from this connector on a module while an input signal from a second module is being displayed on

the screen.

JITTER OUT. (WFM700M only) Provides a 75 Ω output signal from the jitter demodulator. This signal is

only valid when the instrument is in Jitter mode. Any signal present on this output at other times is not a

calibrated jitter signal. The jitter filter selection does not affect this signal.

This signal is used as an input to an oscilloscope or spectrum analyzer to do additional analysis on the

jitter. You can view the same jitter waveform on the waveform monitor using the Jitter display mode.

AUX OUT 1 / AUX OUT 2. Future capability.

2-10

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Menus

This section describes the various menus you can access in the instrument and

provides menu diagrams showing the location of the available selections. The

menu diagrams are organized in alphabetical order.

Refer to the WFM700 Series Technical Reference document on the CD-ROM for

a detailed description of each menu selection.

Making Menu Selections

The menu system uses several different methods for entering measurement and

monitoring parameters.

Mutually Exclusive

Buttons

Some configuration parameters use a set of boxes containing all of the possible

values or states (settings).

The currently selected setting is highlighted.

To change to another setting, touch the box containing that setting or press

the SELECT button to cycle through all of the settings to the desired one.

Numeric Value Menus

Some configuration parameters use a numeric value box.

The knob icon appears in the value box and the parameter value is outlined.

Use the general purpose knob to change the numeric value.

Checkbox Tables

List Box

In the Configure menu, some configuration parameters use check box tables.

Touch the box on the screen to change selections.

Some configuration parameters show a list of items that you can scroll through

using the general purpose knob. Select items by using the SELECT button or by

touching the desired item on the screen.

Exiting a Menu

To exit all menus except the Configure menu, press the CLR MENU button or

press any major mode button. To exit the Configure menu, press the CONFIG

button (once if you are at the top level or twice if you are in a submenu) or press

any major mode button.

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Menus

Using the Menu Diagrams

The menu diagrams contain the following components (see Figure 2--3):

1. A partial illustration of the instrument front panel, highlighting the front-

panel button you select to enter the displayed menu.

2. Menu names, shown in bold text.

3. Unique submenus, connected with a dashed line. These soft keys appear only

when a certain mode, such as Arrowhead, is selected.

4. A list of menu soft keys that are displayed on the touch screen. Touching one

of these soft keys either activates a feature or enters a submenu.

5. Submenu names, shown in bold text.

6. Submenu soft keys.

7. A vertical line ( | ) separates two options on a toggle soft key. A slash ( / )

may also be used to separate multiple options from which you can select.

8. Variables, usually controlled by the general purpose knob, are shown as

ellipses or generic names inside angle brackets <...> .

(8) Brackets

representing a variable

(7) Vertical line

separating options

VIEW

WFM

Diamond

High: < . . . >

Low: < . . . >

VECTOR

PICTURE

GAMUT

AUDIO

STATUS

MEASURE

EYE

Set Thresholds

RGB Limit Menu

Horizontal | Horz + Vert

Area: < . . . >

Default Settings

Done

Gamut Menu

Split Diamond

Arrowhead

(2) Menu name

Setup : < . . . >

High: < . . . >

(1) Selected

button

Horizontal | Horz + Vert

Area: < . . .%>

Default Settings

Done

Set Thresholds

Composite Limit Menu

MULTI

NTSC

PAL

Limit Fmt < . . . >

Limit Fmt Menu

(3) Dashed lines showing

unique submenus

Auto

Done

(4) Menu soft keys

(5) Submenu names

(6) Submenu soft keys

Figure 2-3: Example menu diagram showing components of the diagram

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Menus

Audio Menu (Option DG Only)

Press the AUDIO button to enter the Audio mode. If your instrument has only

video modules installed, the instrument displays the Embedded Audio Status

screen and has no menu. If your instrument has the Option DG audio module

installed, the Audio menu shown in Figure 2--4 is displayed.

VIEW

Level Meters

WFM

Level Meters + Lissajous

Surround Sound

Display

Audio Display Menu

Channel Status

Embedded Audio Status

Done

VECTOR

PICTURE

GAMUT

AUDIO

STATUS

MEASURE

EYE

Level Meters

Meter Scaling: Default | Custom

Configure Custom Scaling

Format: Stereo | Surround

Goto Input Map

Scale Min: . . . dBFS

Scale Max: . . . dBFS

Done

Meter Scale Menu

Surround Sound

Meter Scaling: Default | Custom

Configure Custom Scaling

Format: Stereo | Surround

Audio Menu

MULTI

Level Meters + Lissajous

Meter Scaling: Default | Custom

Configure Custom Scaling

Format: Stereo | Surround

Goto Input Map

Stereo

Pairs

Surround

1 & 2 | L & R

3 & 4 | C & LFE

5 & 6 | Ls & Rs

7 & 8 | Lo & Ro

Custom Pair

Audio Lissajous Pair

Lissajous Pair

Custom

Lissajous Pair

Lissajous Channel A

Lissajous Channel B

Done

Lissajous Style: Soundstage | X-Y

Configure Custom Pair

Done

Stereo

Pairs

Channel Status

Surround

Channels: 1 & 2

L & R

Channels: 3 & 4

Channels: 5 & 6

Channels: 7 & 8

C & LFE

Ls & Rs

Lo & Ro

Text

Binary

Audio Ch. Status Format

Format Text

XMSN Order Binary

Hex

Done

Embedded Audio Status

Figure 2-4: Audio menu diagram (Option DG only)

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Menus

Configure Menu

Press the CONFIG button to open the Configure menu, which is shown in

Figures 2--5 through 2--7. The configuration parameters for the instrument are

grouped into functional submenus within the Configure menu. Use the general

purpose knob and/or the touchscreen to navigate within the menu.

CAUTION. To prevent a misadjustment of the instrument, do not use the adjust-

ment menu selections in the Calibration submenu without referring to the

WFM700 Series Service Manual (Tektronix, Inc. part number 071-0915-XX).

Video Format Mismatch

Video-Ref Format Mismatch

Ext Ref Signal Missing

Ext Ref Format Mismatch

Input Signal not HD

RGB Gamut

Composite Gamut

Luminance Gamut

Video Signal Missing

Video Format Change

General Alarms

HELP

RP165 EDH Status

RP165 FF CRC

SDI Code Word Violation

SDI Line Length Error

SDI Field Length Error

SDI SAV Placement

Serial Alarms

RP165 AP CRC

SMPTE292 Y CRC

SMPTE292 C CRC

FREEZE

DISPLAY

292M Line Mismatch

Configure Alarms

Emb. Audio Presence

AES Audio Unlocked

AES Audio Parity

Validity Bit

Audio Mute

Audio Clip

Audio Alarms

(Option DG Audio

module only)

Audio Silence

Audio Over

Professional CRC

Emb. Group Sample Phase

CONFIG

Configure Menu

V-Chip Rating Change

Anc Data Presence

Anc Data Parity

PRESET

Closed Caption Presence

Closed Caption Changes

Closed Caption Parity

Closed Caption Protocol

V-Chip Presence

Auxiliary Alarms

Anc Data Checksum

ARIB STD-B39 Presence

Eye Amplitude

Eye Rise Time

Eye Fall Time

Eye Rise Overshoot

Eye Fall Overshoot

Jitter

Physical Alarms

(WFM700M only)

Configure menu continues

in Figure 2-6

Eye Rise-Fall Delta

Figure 2-5: Configuration menu diagram - part 1

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Menus

Configure menu continued

from Figure 2-5

Vec I/Q Axis: Off | On | On (if SD)

Vec Compass Rose: Off | On

Wfm Graticule Units (non-50 Hz): Auto | mV | IRE | % Full-Scale

Gamut Threshold Default: Tek | EBU-R103

Closed Caption Display: Enabled | Disabled

Grat / Gamut

Default Setup

Closed Caption Type: Auto Detect | EIA-608 (VBI) | EIA-608 (ANC) | EIA-608 (708)

VBI Captions Line Number: Auto Detect | Line < . . . >

B39 Did/Sdid Address: ARIB | ITU

HELP

Strip EAV/SAV (WFM): Pass | Strip

FREEZE

DISPLAY

Page 1

Auto Select

NTSC

PAL

Page 2

1080i : 59.94

1080i : 60

The 1080i: 50 format appears

only when a version B

Ext. Ref. module is installed.

1080i : 50

Ext Ref Format:

720p : 59.94

1080p : 23.97

1080p : 24

CONFIG

PRESET

Configure Menu

Video

Inputs/Outputs

Page 1

Page 2

Any Supported

525i : 59.94

625i : 50

1080p : 30

1080p : 29.97

1080p : 25

1080i : 50

Page 3

720p: 24

720p : 23.98

720p: 60

720p: 50

1080i : 59.94

1080i : 60

Video Input Format:

1035i : 60

720p : 59.94

1080p : 23.98

1080p : 24

1035i : 59.94

1080sf : 24

1080sf : 23.98

HD Colorimetry: Auto Select | ITU-R BT.709-2 | SMPTE 240M

Brightup Line/Sample: Off | On

Brightup RGB Gamut: Off | On

Brightup Composite Gamut: Off | On

Brightup Luminance Gamut: Off | On

Output Colorimetry HD: Auto | BT.709 | SMPTE 240

Output Active for HD: Off | YPbPr | RGB

Output Active for SD: Off | YPbPr | RGB

Timecode: Auto | VITC | ATC | Off

Configure menu continues

in Figure 2-7

Figure 2-6: Configuration menu diagram - part 2

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Configure menu continued

from Figure 2-6

AES Connectors: Input | Output

HELP

Audio Program Type: Stereo Pairs | Surround

AES Alarms: Change AES Alarm

Groups 1 & 2

Groups 3 & 4

Groups 1 & 3

Groups 2 & 4

Groups 1 & 4

Groups 2 & 3

Done

Embedded Alarms: Change Embedded Alarms

AES Input Map: Change AES Input Map

Audio Inputs/Outputs

(Option DG audio

module only)

Embedded Groups

Audio In/Out Menu

Top Menu

Embedded Input Map: Change Emb. Input Map

FREEZE

DISPLAY

272M Group Phase Align: Disabled | Enabled | Auto

299M Group Phase Align: Disabled | Enabled | Auto

Audio Presence Readout: Off | On

CONFIG

PRESET

Configure Menu

Meter Ballistics: VU | PPM | True Peak

Peak Hold Time: 2 sec

Peak Hold Display: Off | On

Audio Displays

Set 0dB Mark To: dBFS | Peak Program Level | Test Level

Lissajous AGC: Off | On

These menu selections

appear only when an

Option DG audio

Dominance Indicator: Disabled | Enabled

Surround Sound Filter: Linear (RMS) | A-Weighting

module is installed.

Test Level: -18 dB

Peak Program Level: -8 dB

# of Samples for Clip: 1

# of Samples for Mute: 10

Silence Level: -60 dB

Over Level: -8 dB

Audio Thresholds

(Option DG audio

module only)

Duration for Silence/Over: 5 sec

Configure menu continues

in Figure 2-8

Figure 2-7: Configuration menu diagram - part 3

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Configure menu continued

from Figure 2-7

Print Layout: Portrait | Landscape

HELP

Print Format: Postscript COLOR | Postscript B&W

Paper Size: A4 | Letter

LPD Print Server IP Address: Press to Edit IP Address

LPD Print Queue Name: raw | Press to Edit Queue name

Ink Saver: On | Off

Printing/Event Log

When Event Log Full: Overwrite Old Events | Stop Logging

Event Log Storage Mode: Log for Resolution | Log for Duration

FREEZE

DISPLAY

Config Mode: Manual Mode | DHCP Server

IP Address: Press to Edit IP Address

Subnet Mask: Press to Edit Subnet Mask

Gateway Address: Press to Edit Gateway Address

Remote Control Port: Enabled | Disabled

CONFIG

PRESET

Remote Web Interface: Enabled | Disabled

Communications

Remote SNMP Mode: Disabled | Read-Only | Enabled

SNMP Traps: Disabled | Enabled

Configure Menu

SNMP Public Comm. String: Press to Edit Public Community String

SNMP Private Comm. String: Press to Edit Public Community String

SNMP Trap Destinations: Press to Select Trap Destination to Edit

Instrument Name: Press to Edit Instrument Name

Touchpanel Calibration

Eye Gain Adjust

SD Jitter Gain Adjust

HD Jitter Gain Adjust

Calibration

Eye Loop BW Adjust (10 Hz)

These menu selections appear only

on the WFM700M and are intended

Eye Loop BW Adjust (100 Hz)

Eye Loop BW Adjust (1 kHz)

Jitter HPF Adjust

for service personnel only

Eye Sig BW Test

Current Time: Press to Edit System Time

Time Format: 12 Hour | 24 Hour

Current Date: Press to Edit System Date

Date Format: mm/dd/yyyy | dd/mm/yyyy

Powerup Diagnostics: Brief | Full

Run Full Powerup Diagnostics

Run Internal Digital Path Diagnostics

System

Run Audio Path Diagnostics (Option DG module only)

Diagnostics

Erase NVRAM Log

View Prev Log Page

View Diagnostic Log

Install Upgrade: Start Firmware Installation

View Next Log Page

Back to Diags Menu

Print Diagnostics Log

Figure 2-8: Configuration menu diagram - part 4

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Cursor Menu

If the instrument is in a mode that supports measurement cursors (Waveform,

Eye, or Jitter modes), the Cursor menu shown in Figure 2--9 is displayed when

you press the CURSOR button. The cursor 1 and 2 settings, and the difference

between the two, are shown in the readout in the upper right part of the screen.

SWEEP

GAIN

Voltage | Time | Voltage + Time

V+T Control

Cursor 1 < . . . >

CURSOR

Cursor 2 < . . . >

Cursor to Center

Cursor Menu

LINE SEL

INPUT

Track Cursors

Time: sec | 1/T

Voltage: mV | %

Done

Percent Cursors Menu

Set Units & 100%

Set 100%

Figure 2-9: Cursor menu diagram

Moving the Cursors

The selected (active) cursors are red and the inactive cursors are blue. To move

the active cursor:

1. Touch the Voltage/Time soft key to select the cursor type: voltage, time, or

both voltage and time. If you select both, use the V+T Control soft key to

toggle between adjusting voltage cursors and adjusting time cursors.

2. Touch the corresponding soft key to select the active cursor: Cursor 1,

Cursor 2, or Track Cursors. (Use Track Cursors if you want to adjust the

position of either the voltage or the time cursors as a pair.) If Track Cursors

is not selected, you can use the SELECT button to toggle between Cursor 1

and Cursor 2 as the active cursor.

3. Turn the general purpose knob to move the active cursor(s). The correspond-

ing readouts and soft key displays update as you move the cursors.

4. You can touch the Cursor to Center soft key to move the selected cursor to

the center of the display.

NOTE. Mag or Gain settings other than X1 may cause the cursors to be off

screen.

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Display Menu

Press the DISPLAY button to open the Display menu shown in Figure 2--10. Use

the Display menu to adjust various display parameters.

HELP

Thumbnail Picture

Waveform < . . . >

Color: Green | White

Done

Trace Settings

FREEZE

Intensity < . . .%>

Color: GLD | RED

Rendition: Additive | Overlay

Done

Graticule Settings

DISPLAY

Display Menu

Sleep Mode

[ Note: To exit Sleep Mode, press any button,

turn any knob, or touch the screen ]

Readout: Enabled | Disabled

Readout < . . .%>

Backlight < . . .%>

Done

CONFIG

PRESET

Readouts & Backlight

Button Illum.

Figure 2-10: Display menu diagram

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Eye Menu (WFM700M Only)

Press the EYE button to enter the Eye mode and display the Eye menu shown in

Figure 2--11. Refer to Eye Mode (WFM700M Only) on page 3--17 for more

information about using the Eye and Jitter measurement displays.

VIEW

WFM

Eye

Jitter

Physical Display

VECTOR

PICTURE

GAMUT

AUDIO

STATUS

MEASURE

EYE

Event Log

Done

Eye Meas: Off | On

10 Eye (SD signals)

3 Eye

20 Eye (HD signals)

Display

10 Hz

100 Hz

Clock BW : < . . . >

Clock BW

1 kHz

Done

* The minimum rise time and fall time

threshold settings are available only

when the input signal is SD.

Eye

MULTI

Rise Max: < . . . >

Rise Min: < . . . > *

Fall Max: < . . . >

Fall Min: < . . . > *

Delta Max: < . . . >

Ampl Max: < . . . >

Ampl Min: < . . . >

Eye Alarm

Threshold

Set Meas. Thresholds

Rise Overshoot: < . . . >

Fall Overshoot: < . . . >

Max Jitter < . . . >

Set Default Thresholds

Next Menu

Done

Next Menu

Done

Set Meas. Thresholds

Set Default Thresholds

High Pass Filter: < . . . >

Jitter

10 Hz

1 kHz

Jitter

High Pass

Filter Menu

10 kHz

100 kHz

Done

Show All Alarms

Show: All Events | Errors Only

Show General Alarms

Show Serial Alarms

Logging

Configure View Filter

Log Filter Menu

Show Audio Alarms

Event Log

Show Aux Data Alarms

Show Physical Alarms (WFM700M only)

Done

Logging: Stopped | Running

Erase Log

Figure 2-11: Eye menu diagram

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Freeze Menu

Press the FREEZE button to open the Freeze menu shown in Figure 2--12.

Freeze Mode lets you:

Capture (freeze) the active signal and hold it in the Capture buffer.

Display the frozen signal or the live signal.

Compare the frozen signal and the live signal by selecting Display Both.

NOTE. The Freeze function for the Data display in Measure mode freezes only

the data waveform (left side of screen). The data list (right side of screen)

continues to update in response to the incoming serial stream.

The Freeze function does not operate for the Audio display because Audio

display elements cannot be frozen. If a waveform is frozen, it will not be overlaid

with audio when the Display Both function is selected.

If you have frozen a waveform (even if it is not displayed), the pixel density of the

live waveform will be reduced. This is because the frozen waveform is using a

portion of the display memory. Delete the captured waveform to regain full

waveform density and display performance.

HELP

Capture Screen

Display Captured

FREEZE

Freeze Menu

Display Both

DISPLAY

Delete Capture

Display Live

CONFIG

PRESET

Figure 2-12: Freeze menu diagram

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Gain Menu

Press the GAIN button to display the Gain menu shown in Figure 2--13. The

current gain setting is displayed in the lower left corner of the screen. The gain

setting is displayed in yellow if variable gain is active.

In variable gain modes, use the general purpose knob to set the gain. The

variable gain modes work together with the fixed settings. For example, touch

the 1x soft key, touch the Variable Gain soft key, and then turn the general

purpose knob to select a setting of 1.50x. The vertical gain is 1.5. Now touch the

5x soft key. The gain is 7.50x (the product of 1.50 and 5).

NOTE. The variable gain range is from 0.25x to 14x. You cannot select values

outside this range. Gain is only active in Waveform, Vector, Lightning, Eye, and

Jitter modes.

In fixed gain settings, the vertical graticule appears with a calibrated scale. When

variable gain is enabled in Waveform, Jitter, and Eye modes, the graticule

appears without a scale. In Vector and Lightning modes, the targets move when

fixed gain settings are changed, but do not move as variable gain is adjusted.

SWEEP

GAIN

Gain: 1x

Gain Menu

CURSOR

Gain: 5x

Gain: 10x

LINE SEL

INPUT

Var. Gain: < . . . >

Var. H Gain: < . . . >

(available only in Lightning Mode)

Figure 2-13: Gain menu diagram

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Gamut Menu

Press the GAMUT button to enter the Gamut mode and display the Gamut menu

shown in Figure 2--14. Use the Gamut menu to view the Diamond, Split

Diamond, or Arrowhead displays, and to set the gamut measurement limits.

Refer to Gamut Measurements on page 3--27 for more information.

VIEW

WFM

VECTOR

PICTURE

GAMUT

AUDIO

STATUS

MEASURE

EYE

Diamond

RGB High: < . . .mV >

RGB Low: < . . .mV >

Horizontal | Horz + Vert

Area: < . . .% >

Diamond: Standard | Split

Set RGB Thresholds

RGB Limit Menu

Default: . . . . .

Done

Gamut Menu

Luma High: < . . .mV >

Luma Low: < . . .mV >

Horizontal | Horz + Vert

Area: < . . .% >

Arrowhead

MULTI

Luminance Limit Menu

Set Luma Thresholds

Default: . . . . .

Done

Setup 0% | Setup 7.5%

Set Y+C Thresholds

Y+C High: < . . . >

Y+C Low: < . . . >

Horizontal | Horz + Vert

Area: < . . .%>

Default: . . . . .

Composite Limit Menu

Done

NTSC

PAL

Limit Fmt Menu

Limit Fmt < . . . >

Auto

Done

Figure 2-14: Gamut menu diagram

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Help Menu

Press the HELP button to display online help about the current operating mode

and to display system information such as the software version, the installed

options and board versions, and the network parameters (see Figure 2--15).

HELP

Button Finder

Help Menu

Software Version

Installed Options

Network Params

System Info

FREEZE

DISPLAY

Figure 2-15: Help menu diagram

Input Menu

Press the INPUT button to display the Input menu shown in Figure 2--16. Use

the Input menu to select which video input to monitor, the reference signal

source (internal or external), and which audio input to monitor.

SWEEP

GAIN

CURSOR

Input #1A: <module type>

Input #1B: <module type>

LINE SEL

INPUT

Input #2A: <module type>

These menu selections appear

only when a second video

module is installed.

Input #2B: <module type>

Input Menu

This menu selection appears only when the

Option DG audio module is installed and the

AES connectors are configured as inputs.

Audio In: Embedded | Ext AES

Reference: Internal | External

Figure 2-16: Input menu diagram

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Line Select Menu

Press the LINE SEL button to enable the Line Select mode and open the menu

shown in Figure 2--17. Operating modes that support the line select function are

Waveform, Vector, Gamut, Jitter, Eye, and Data. Refer to Line Select Mode on

page 3--31 for more information.

SWEEP

GAIN

CURSOR

All Fields

Field: 1 of 2 | 2 of 2

Line < . . . >

LINE SEL

INPUT

Line Select Menu

Sample < . . . >

Figure 2-17: Line Select menu diagram

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Measure Mode Menu (WFM700A and WFM700HD Only)

For instruments with only WFM7A and/or WFM7HD video modules installed,

press the Measure button to access the Bowtie mode. Refer to Bowtie Mode on

page 3--14 for more information.

Measure Mode Menu (WFM700M Only)

To access the Measure menu, you must have a WFM700M or an instrument with

a WFM7M module installed.

Press the MEASURE button to open the Data menu shown in Figure 2--18. Use

the Data Display mode to view the actual data that the instrument used for

measurements. Refer to Data Display (WFM700M Only) on page 3--15.

From the Data menu, press the Measure Menu soft key to open the Measure

menu, where you can access the following displays:

Bowtie mode (refer to Bowtie Mode on page 3--14)

Ancillary Data display (refer to Ancillary Data Display on page 3--4)

ARIB STD-B39 display (refer to ARIB STD-B39 Display on page 3--6)

VIEW

Video | Data

Select Channels

WFM

Select Channels

Readout Format

Done

VECTOR

PICTURE

GAMUT

AUDIO

STATUS

MEASURE

EYE

Hex

Decimal

Binary

Done

Readout Format

Data Menu

Line < . . . >

Bowtie

Sample < . . . >

Measure Menu

Data Display

Anc Data Display

DID: <. . . . >

Measure Menu

Anc. Data Menu

SDID/DBN: < . . . >

Measure Menu

MULTI

ARIB B39 Display

Measure Menu

Figure 2-18: Data menu diagram

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Multi Menu

Press the MULTI button to enter Multi mode, which displays the Multi menu

shown in Figure 2--19. Multi mode shows two different views of the same input

signal side-by-side. You must use the Input menu to select a different input

signal to display. Refer to Multi Mode on page 3--34 for more information.

VIEW

WFM

Selected Window: Left | Right

VECTOR

PICTURE

GAMUT

AUDIO

STATUS

MEASURE

EYE

Waveform

Vector/Lightning

Gamut

Left Window:

Multi Left Window Config

Audio

Status

Data Display

Done

Waveform

Vector/Lightning

Gamut

Right Window:

Multi Right Window Config

Audio

Status

Data Display

Done

MULTI

Multi Menu

Go To <mode> Menu

Figure 2-19: Multi menu diagram

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Picture Menu

Press the PICTURE button to enter the Picture mode. Picture mode displays a

full screen representation of the video signal present at the selected input. After

you enter the Picture mode, press the PICTURE button again to toggle the

Picture menu shown in Figure 2--20 on and off.

Use the Safe Area soft key to turn the Safe Action and Safe Title graticules on

and off. The safe area graticules do not appear in the thumbnail picture.

Since the full-size SD picture display is cropped, use the SD Picture Half Size

setting to view the complete picture when you are monitoring SD signals.

VIEW

WFM

VECTOR

PICTURE

GAMUT

AUDIO

STATUS

MEASURE

EYE

SD Picture: Half Size | Full Size

Safe Area: On | Off

Picture Menu

MULTI

Figure 2-20: Picture menu diagram

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Preset Menu

Press the PRESET button to open the Preset menu shown in Figure 2--21. The

Preset menu allows you to store and recall instrument configuration settings.

There are 42 user-programmable presets available in addition to the Restore

Factory preset. You can designate up to four presets as shortcuts. To help you

remember the functionality of the the presets you have created, you can assign

names to the presets using up to eight characters.

Presets 36 to 42 are labeled “Remote” to signify that these presets can be recalled

using the remote control port.

Refer to the WFM700 Series Technical Reference document on the CD-ROM for

information about using the remote control port and for a listing of the instru-

ment settings reset by the Restore Factory menu selection.

HELP

Shortcut

These menu selections

are grayed out until

shortcuts are created.

FREEZE

DISPLAY

Undo Last Restore

— more — 1 of 2

Rename Preset

Save Preset

CONFIG

PRESET

Promote to Shortcut

Remove Preset

Preset Menu

Restore Factory

— more — 2 of 2

Figure 2-21: Preset menu diagram

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Print Menu

When you press the PRINT button, the Abort Printing soft key appears. Press

this soft key to abort the print request.

Status Menu

Press the STATUS button to enter the Status display mode, which displays the

Status menu shown in Figure 2--22. Use the Status display mode to perform the

following tasks:

View the status of the selected video signal

View the status of the selected audio signal

View the status of the auxiliary data in the selected video signal

View the status of the monitored alarms

Enable, disable, configure, and view the event log

For more information about using the Status mode displays, refer to Logging on

page 3--32 and Status Displays on page 3--37.

VIEW

Session

WFM

Alarm Status

Status Display Menu

Display

Event Log

Done

VECTOR

PICTURE

GAMUT

AUDIO

STATUS

MEASURE

EYE

Status Menu

Video Session

Session

Audio Session

Aud/Vid/Aux Data

Session Menu

Aux Data Status

Session: Stopped | Running

Reset Session

Alarm Status

General Alarms

Serial Alarms

Alarm Menu

Audio Alarms

Aux Data Alarms

Physical Alarms (WFM700M only)

MULTI

Show All Alarms

Show: All Events | Errors Only

Show General Alarms

Show Serial Alarms

Show Audio Alarms

Show Aux Data Alarms

Show Physical Alarms (WFM700M only)

Done

Event Log

Log Filter

Configure View Filter

Logging Menu

Logging: Stopped | Running

Erase Log

Figure 2-22: Status menu diagram

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Sweep Menu

Press the SWEEP button while in Waveform mode to display the Sweep menu

shown in Figure 2--23. The Sweep menu is also functional in the Vector and Eye

operating modes.

Parade | Overlay

Sweep Menu

SWEEP

GAIN

Line

2 Line ( Overlay mode only)

CURSOR

LINE SEL

INPUT

Field

2 Field (Overlay mode only)

Mag: On | Off

Figure 2-23: Sweep menu diagram

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Vector Menu

Press the VECTOR button to enter the Vector mode and display the Vector menu

shown in Figure 2--24. Refer to Vector Mode on page 3--40 for more information.

Lightning

VIEW

WFM

Vector Menu

Vector

VECTOR

PICTURE

GAMUT

AUDIO

STATUS

Graticule: Component | Composite

Setup: 0% | 7.5%

Graticule Format

NTSC

PAL

MEASURE

Graticule Format Menu

Color bars: 75% | 100%

Auto

Done

EYE

MULTI

Figure 2-24: Vector menu diagram

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Waveform Menu

Press the WFM button to open the Waveform mode and display the Waveform

menu shown in Figure 2--25. Refer to Waveform Mode on page 3--44 for more

information.

R (Pb)*

G (Pr)*

Waveform Menu

Parade | Overlay

VIEW

Filter : Flat

Filter : Lowpass

Done

Setup < . . .%>{

Filters

WFM

Filter Menu

Color Space

VECTOR

PICTURE

GAMUT

AUDIO

STATUS

MEASURE

EYE

YPbPr

RGB

YRGB

ColorSpace Menu

Composite

Chroma: Offset | Aligned }

Done

* Components can be turned on/off in respective component color space.

{ Setup only available in Composite color space.

} Chroma offset | aligned only available in YPbPr color space.

MULTI

Figure 2-25: Waveform menu diagram

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Reference

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Reference

NOTE. Refer to Related Reference Documents on page vi for a list of reference

documents that are available on the WFM700 Series User Documentation

CD-ROM located on the back cover of this manual and/or at the Tektronix, Inc.

Web site (www.tektronix.com).

The topics in Reference listed below are organized alphabetically:

Alarms

Gamut measurements

Line Select mode

Logging

Ancillary Data display

ARIB STD-B39 display

Audio mode

Measure mode (WFM700M only)

Multi mode

Audio mode (Option DG only)

Bowtie mode

Picture mode

Composite display

Printing

Data display (WFM700M only)

Diagnostics

Status displays

Vector mode

Eye/Jitter mode (WFM700M only)

Waveform mode

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Reference

Alarms

Use the Configure Alarms submenu of the Configure menu to select which error

conditions you will monitor and how you will be notified in the event of an error.

The alarms are organized into the following groups to help you locate a desired

alarm: General, Serial, Audio (Option DG only), Auxiliary, and Physical

(WFM700M only).

The top level of the submenu display shows which notification methods are

enabled. An “X” indicates that a notification method is selected and an “O”

indicates that the notification method is not selected.

Refer to the WFM700 Series Technical Reference document on the CD-ROM for

a description of each alarm condition.

Possible Alarm Actions

For each available alarm, you can select one or more notification methods:

NOTE. If you do not select a notification method for an error, you will not be

notified if that error occurs.

On-screen. An icon appears at the top of the current display. This notification

method is disabled when the Configure menu is open.

Beep. The instrument makes an audible alarm.

SNMP. The instrument sends an SNMP trap out the Ethernet port for a

remote notification that an alarm condition occurred. You must enable and

configure the instrument for SNMP control using the Communications

submenu of the Configure menu before SNMP traps can be sent.

Refer to the WFM700 Series Technical Reference document and the

WFM700 Series SNMP MIB Reference on the CD-ROM for more informa-

tion about using SNMP alarm notifications.

Logging. The instrument makes an entry in the Event Log. Refer to Logging

on page 3--32 for more information.

Ground Closure. The instrument sends a signal out the Remote port for a

remote notification that an alarm condition occurred. You must enable the

Remote Control Port in the Communications submenu of the Configure

menu before notifications can be sent.

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Reference

Viewing Alarm Status

Use the Status Display mode to view current alarm conditions. Use the Event

Log to view past alarm conditions. Refer to Status Displays on page 3--37 and

Logging on page 3--32 for more information.

Error Detection

Limitations

When the instrument is in the Eye / Jitter operating mode, all enabled alarms are

detected and reported except for the following alarms: RGB Gamut, Composite

Gamut, and Closed Caption Presence. Detection of analog (line 21) closed

caption does not operate if the instrument is in Data mode or in Multi mode

when the Data display is selected as one of the displays.

Eye Measurement Alarms. When enabled, the eye measurement alarms will be

reported to the Event Log in only the following two conditions:

When the Eye display is selected and the eye measurement readout is

turned on

When the Event Log or Alarm Status displays are selected after the eye

measurement readout is turned on

That is, if you enter the Eye display and turn on the eye measurements, and then

you use the STATUS button to view the Event Log or Alarm Status displays, the

eye measurement alarms will be active. If you select another display mode such

as Jitter or Waveform, the eye measurement alarms will be disabled.

Jitter Measurement Alarm. When enabled, the Jitter alarm will be reported to the

Event Log in only the following two conditions:

When the Jitter display is selected

When the Event Log or Alarm Status displays are selected after the Jitter

display is selected

That is, if you enter the Jitter display and then use the STATUS button to view

the Event Log or Alarm Status displays, the jitter measurement alarm will be

active. If you select another display mode such as Eye or Waveform, the jitter

measurement alarm will be disabled.

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Ancillary Data Display

The Ancillary Data display (see Figure 3--1) shows the raw (undecoded) data

words in the selected ancillary data packets. The ancillary data is shown only in

hexadecimal format. Since the display is updated at approximately 2-second

intervals, rapid data changes cannot be detected.

Use the DID and SDID/DBN soft keys in conjunction with the general purpose

knob to select the DID and/or SDID values for the type of ancillary data packet

to be monitored. DID and SDID values have the following characteristics:

DID and SDID values range between 0x01 and 0xff.

For DID values in the range 0x00 -- 0x7F (Type 2 packets), the SDID values

are used.

For DID values in the range 0x80 -- 0xFF (Type 1 packets), there are no

SDID values used (the SDID soft key is greyed out).

Table 3--1 lists the DID and SDID values that are defined for common types of

ancillary data.

Figure 3- 1: Ancillary Data display

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Table 3- 1: DID and SDID values for common ancillary data types

Ancillary data type

DID value

SDID value

0xE0

ARIB TR-B22, Sub Information of transmitting materials

ARIB TR-B23, Line 20 User Data - 1

ARIB TR-B23, Line 20 User Data - 2

Video Payload Identifier

0x5F

0x41

0x5F

0xFC

0xFB

0x01

ARIB STD-B35 Trigger Signal for Data Broadcasting

0xFD

ARIB STD-B37 Closed Captioning

Analog signal

SD signal

0x5F

0xDD

0xDE

0xDF

HD signal

ARIB STD-B39 Inter Stationary Control Data

ARIB specification

ITU specification

0x5F

0x43

0xFE

0x01

SMPTE RP-188 Time Code

EIA-608 Closed Captioning

EIA-708 Closed Captioning

Program Description

0x60

0x61

0x62

0xFF

None

0x02

0x01

None

AES Audio Group 1

SD Embedded Audio

Group 1

Group 2

0xFF

0xFD

0xFB

0xF9

None

Group 3

Group 4

SD Extended Audio Packets

Group 1

Group 2

Group 3

Group 4

0xFE

0xFC

0xFA

0xF8

None

HD Embedded Audio

Group 1

Group 2

0xE7

0xE6

0xE5

0xE4

None

Group 3

Group 4

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ARIB STD-B39 Display

The ARIB STD-B39 display (see Figure 3--2) shows the decoded data for video

signals using ancillary data compliant with ARIB STD-B39. When this display

is selected, the instrument searches the signal for ARIB STD-B39 packets using

the DID/SDID combinations defined by one of the following standards

organizations: ITU or ARIB. Use the Grat/Gamut Default Setup submenu of the

Configuration menu to select which standard is used.

The decoded ancillary data includes the following:

Transmitting station code and transmitting station time

Video mode and video mode countdown

Audio mode and audio mode countdown

Trigger counter and trigger countdown

Status bits

Error correcting code

Figure 3-2: ARIB STD-B39 display

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Audio Mode

For instruments with only video modules installed, Audio mode provides a

protocol-level check for the AES stream. The Embedded Audio Status screen

reports the following information:

Which video input is the source of the embedded audio

The standard used by the audio signal

Whether the header indicates that audio is present on each pair of channels

(Status = Present or Not Present)

Audio Mode (Option DG Only)

NOTE. The information below describes the Audio mode display for instruments

with the Option DG audio module installed.

Configuring the

Instrument for Audio

Measurements

Use the following submenus of the Configure menu to set the various instrument

parameters for audio measurements: Audio Inputs/Outputs, Audio Displays, and

Audio Thresholds. Use the Configure Alarms submenu to configure the audio

alarms.

Selecting Which Audio

Input to Monitor

Use the Input menu to select which audio input the instrument will monitor.

Select Embedded to monitor the audio signal embedded in the selected video

signal input, or select Ext AES to monitor the audio signal(s) connected to the

Option DG audio module.

NOTE. When you set the function of the AES connectors to output, embedded

audio is automatically selected as the audio input source. You cannot monitor

audio signals on the AES connectors until their function is set to input (use the

Audio Inputs/Outputs submenu of the Configure menu).

When you select Embedded or Ext AES as the audio input source, the instrument

maps the audio signal to the level-meter bars as configured by the Embedded

Input Map or the AES Input Map in the Audio Inputs/Outputs submenu of the

Configure menu.

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Selecting the Audio

Display Type

Use the Display soft key to select one of the following audio displays:

Level Meters

Level Meters + Lissajous

Surround Sound

Channel Status

Embedded Audio Status

Elements of the

Level Meters + Lissajous

Display

When you select the Level Meters + Lissajous display (see Figure 3--3), the left

portion of the screen displays the level meters and the right portion of the screen

displays the Lissajous display (also known as a phase plot).

Lissajous (phase) display

Level meters

Session Time and Embedded

Group Sample Phase readouts

Meter Ballistics

readout

In phase label

Peak Level indicator

Test Level indicator

Selected phase

pair indicators

Level meter scale

and units

Axes for

phase display

In-bar warning

messages

Level meter labels

Audio input source

AES Connector

I/O setting

Phase correlation meters

AGC readout

Correlation meter for selected pair

Audio Presence readout

Figure 3-3: Audio Level Meters + Lissajous display

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Selecting the Channel Pair

for the Lissajous Display

To select which channel pair is displayed on the Lissajous display:

NOTE. The channel pair labels depend on the Audio Program Type setting

(surround or stereo pairs).

1. Touch the Lissajous Pair: soft key to open the Audio Lissajous Pair menu.

2. Select a channel pair by performing one of the following actions:

Touch the soft key for one of the four default channel pairs.

Touch the Custom Pair: soft key to select the custom channel pair you

specified using the Configure Custom Pair soft key.

Touch the Configure Custom Pair soft key to open the Custom Lissajous

Pair menu where you can specify which audio channel is displayed in

each Lissajous channel.

3. Touch the Done soft key to save your selection.

NOTE. For SD embedded audio only:

Preservation of audio-sample phase between different AES channel pairs or

across embedded audio groups is not supported by SMPTE 272M alone. The

Lissajous Custom Pair display may not correctly represent audio phase unless

the following extensions to SMPTE 272M are observed:

1. The selected audio channels must be embedded with exactly the same audio

sample frequency.

2. The intended sample alignment must be represented by the average embedded

sample position.

3. Most lines should carry phase-aligned samples and should have an equal

number of samples from each group. This minimizes the number of attempts

needed to reestablish correct alignment.

These are not requirements of SMPTE 272M and some embedders do not meet

these criteria. Furthermore, some de-embedding equipment may not make use of

these characteristics, even if present. In these cases, there may be variation in

the displayed audio phase between different AES channels. The variation is

typically ᐔ 1 audio sample, but may be greater depending on random startup

conditions and the design of the embedder/de-embedder.

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Elements of the Surround

Sound Display

When you select the Surround Sound display (see Figure 3--3), the left portion of

the screen displays the level meters and the right portion of the screen displays

the Surround Sound display. Use the Audio Displays submenu of the Configure

menu to enable or disable the Dominance indicator and to select the type of

Surround Sound filter: Linear (RMS) or A-weighting.

NOTE. Audio Surround Sound display courtesy of Radio-Technische Werkstaetten

GmbH & Co. KG (RTW) of Cologne, Germany.

Audio Input Mapping

Restrictions for Surround

Sound Display

The Surround Sound display is restricted to using signals from only certain audio

input channels. The factory default settings for mapping the audio inputs are the

correct settings for using the Surround Sound display.

For embedded audio groups 1 and 2, the display only works when channels 1

and 2 are mapped to the L--R bars, channels 3 and 4 are mapped to the C--Lfe

bars (the Lfe channel is ignored), and channels 5 and 6 are mapped to the Ls--Rs

bars. Channels 7 and 8 are always ignored. Similar rules apply for embedded

audio groups 3 and 4 and for the external AES audio inputs. You cannot remap

the audio inputs when you are using the Surround Sound display.

Surround Sound display

Level meters

Surround sound filter setting

Meter Ballistics

readout

Phantom source

indicators

Phantom source grid

50 = center of C and R

Peak Level indicator

Test Level indicator

Center volume

indicator

Dominance indicator

Level meter scale

and units

In-bar warning

messages

Total volume indicator

Loudness grid

10 dB per marker

Level meter labels

Audio input source

AES Connector

I/O setting

Correlation meter for Ls and Rs

Phase correlation meters

Audio Presence readout

Figure 3-4: Surround Sound audio display

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Interpreting the Surround

Sound Display

The Surround Sound display indicates the audio level balance among the left (L),

right (R), left-surround (Ls), and right-surround (Rs) channels as cyan lines on

the ruled scales radiating from the center. The scale has tic marks at 10 dB

intervals. An additional tic mark indicates the --18 dB level. The --18 dB and

--20 dB levels are typically used for aligning audio levels.

The cyan polygon formed by connecting the level indicator endpoints shows the

total sound volume formed by the L, R, Ls, and Rs channels. This connecting

line will bend away from the center if the two signals have a positive correlation,

will bend towards the center if the signals have a negative correlation, and will

not bend if the signals are uncorrelated.

The Center Volume indicator displays the sound volume of the center channel as

a vertical yellow bar between the L and R channels, and connects the ends of the

L, C, and R audio level indicators with straight lines.

Phantom Sound Indicators (PSI), located on each side of the Surround Sound

display, indicate the location of potential phantom sound sources formed by

adjacent channels. The white tic marks on these moving bar indicators show the

phantom source locations. The bar length indicates the correlation between the

adjacent channels. A short-to-medium length green bar indicates positive

correlation between the channels, forming a localized phantom sound source

located at the white tic mark. The bar grows to full length and changes color to

yellow as the correlation moves to zero, indicating a wide, non-localized sound

image. The bar changes color to red for adjacent channels with significant

negative correlation. For negative correlations, the ends of the PSI for the L and

R channels will continue to grow at a 45 _ angle while the other PSIs remain at

full length.

A fifth PSI at the top of the display shows potential phantom sources formed by

the LC channel pair and the CR channel pair. If the L, R, and C channels all have

the same signal level, the white tic mark on the bar will appear directly above the

C level indicator. The white tic mark will move right or left depending on the

relative balance between the three channels. A short bar to the left of the white

tic mark indicates a positive correlation between L and C. The bar will grow as

the correlation decreases. Like the L--R PSI, the bar will continue to grow at a

45 _ angle for negative signal correlations. The bar to the right of the white tic

mark behaves in the same way, depending on the C--R correlation. This PSI

indicator uses the same color coding as the other PSI indicators.

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Figure 3--5 shows examples of how the Surround Sound waveform appears for

some typical signal types.

Sine wave test tone; same level in

the L, R, Ls, and Rs channels.

Channels R, Ls, and Rs are in

phase, creating phantom sources

between the adjacent channels.

Channel L is out of phase.

Sine wave test tone; same level in

the L, R, Ls, and Rs channels.

All signals are in phase, creating

phantom sources between the

adjacent channels.

Uncorrelated signals; same level in

the L, R, Ls, and Rs channels.

Monaural signal in channels Ls and

Rs, creating a phantom source in the

center, as in a 3-1 surround sound

system.

Surround sound program with strong

center channel presence.

Surround sound program with weak

center channel presence.

Figure 3-5: Typical waveforms on the Surround Sound display

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Channel Status Display

The Channel Status display shows the channel status information, for one

channel pair at a time, that is embedded in the AES3--1992 (professional) or

IEC--60958-3 (consumer) digital audio channels. You can select from the

following four display formats: Text, Binary, XMSN Order Binary, or Hex.

Embedded Audio Status

Display

This display reports the following information:

Which video input is the source of the embedded audio

The standard used by the embedded audio signal

Which audio groups are selected (use the Embedded Input Map to change)

The embedded group sample phase (HD signals only)

NOTE. For HD signals, the Embedded Group Sample Phase readout indicates

the misalignment, in microseconds and samples, between the audio samples of

the two selected embedded audio groups. The readout turns red when the

misalignment exceeds about 0.625 audio samples. The readout displays N/A if

one or both of the selected audio groups is missing, or if the video signal is SD.

Whether the header indicates that audio is present on each pair of channels

(Status = Present or Not Present).

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Bowtie Mode

The Bowtie display evaluates the relative amplitude and timing between the

three video channels. To access the Bowtie mode, press the MEASURE button,

touch the Measure Menu soft key, and then touch the Bowtie soft key.

The Bowtie display requires a special test signal to be sent from the monitored

source. The Tektronix TG2000 Signal Generation Platform can produce a Bowtie

test signal with 20 ns time marks, which aid in signal evaluation. The signal is a

500 kHz sinewave on CH 1 (luminance) and 502 kHz sine waves on CH 2 (Pb)

and CH 3 (Pr).

Measurements

The Bowtie display is made up of two separate waveforms. The left waveform

always compares CH 1 to CH 2. The right waveform always compares CH 1 to

CH 3.

Timing Measurement. The timing measurement is based on the alignment of the

center marker and the null point at the center of the waveform. The generator

provides a center marker, which is centered on the null point when interchannel

timing is correct. In Figure 3--6, the chrominance channel, CH 3 (Pr), is

advanced relative to the luminance channel by 20 ns.

Relative Gain Check. The relative gain check is based on the null point at the

center of the Bowtie waveforms. If the gains are not equal, the center null point

will not be a complete null. If the gain error is in CH 1, neither waveform has a

complete null. If CH 2 gain is off, the left waveform will not null completely, but

the right one will. If the gain is off for CH 3, as in Figure 3--6, the left waveform

will be normal and the right one will not reach a complete null.

Shifted null point

Incomplete null

Waveform showing gain error in CH 3

Waveform showing timing error in CH 3

(20 ns advanced)

Figure 3-6: Bowtie waveforms showing timing and relative gain errors

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Composite Display

The instrument provides a composite representation of both SD and HD

component signals. To access the composite display, set the color space to

composite in Waveform mode or select Composite Graticule in Vector mode.

Data Display (WFM700M Only)

The Data Display mode shows the actual SD or HD input data without any

interpolation.

Data Display Colors

and Units

Different fields of the data stream are shown in different colors, as shown in

Table 3--2. Use the Readout Format soft key to view the data in Hex, Decimal, or

Binary units.

Table 3-2: Data display colors

Color

Green

Gray

Use

Active video data

Data in horizontal or vertical blanking intervals

EAV and SAV packets; other reserved values such as the XYZ word

Data outside the nominal allowed values

Data with illegal values

White

Yellow

Red

Video / Data Selection

The instrument provides two modes for representing signal data: Video and Data.

Video Mode. Shows the data like the video YPbPr display in waveform mode, but

without interpolation. The Y, Cb, and Cr traces are offset vertically to separate

them, but are aligned temporally. Since Cb and Cr have half the data rate of Y,

the samples appear twice as long. Use the Select Channels soft key to turn off

individual components of the display.

Data Mode (SD). Shows the data in the same sequence as it occurs in the serial

domain. You see a sample of Y, then of Cb, then of Y’ (Y prime), and then of Cr.

Then the sequence repeats. The Y sample is the co-sited sample, and the Y’

sample is the isolated luma sample.

Data Mode (HD). Splits the serial data into a Y channel and a multiplexed Cb/Cr

channel. The intent is to show the data in the same orientation as it occurs in the

serial domain, even though it is displayed as 8 or 10 bit values.

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Diagnostics

The waveform monitor provides diagnostics capabilities, which are accessed

through the System submenu of the Configure menu. You can view or print the

Diagnostics Log, which contains the results of the last diagnostic test that the

instrument performed. You can also download the Diagnostic Log using the

Remote Web Interface.

Powerup Diagnostics

Setting

At power up, the instrument runs either full or brief diagnostics, depending on

the setting in the System submenu of the Configure menu.

Running Diagnostics

You should run diagnostics after installing a new module, upgrading the

instrument firmware, or when troubleshooting suspected instrument problems.

Warning messages are displayed in yellow text; PASS and FAIL messages are

labeled PASS (green text) or FAIL (red text). You have the following diagnostic

choices:

Run Full Powerup Diagnostics. The instrument goes through all of the diagnostics

and displays the results.

Run Internal Digital Path Diagnostics. The instrument checks the main digital

paths within the instrument and displays the results of the various tests. If there

is only one video module installed, expect some yellow warnings. After running

this diagnostic, you must reboot the instrument to return to normal operation.

Run Audio Path Diagnostics (WFM7DG Only). The instrument checks the audio

paths within the instrument from the optional WFM7DG audio module and

displays the results of the various tests. After running this diagnostic, you must

reboot the instrument to return to normal operation.

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Eye / Jitter Mode (WFM700M Only)

Press the EYE button to access the Eye / Jitter menu and measurements.

Making Eye

Measurements

The Eye pattern display presents a voltage-versus-time waveform composed of

multiple sweeps of the SD or HD serial bit stream.

You can set the sampled eye pattern to display either a full word of correlated

data (10 Eye display in SD; 20 Eye display in HD) or a three-data-bit overlay

showing jitter uncorrelated to the parallel word (3 Eye display). In the word-cor-

related mode, the sweep is also synchronized to the video, so that you can see

any shift in the data stream timing correlated to horizontal or vertical video

information. This mode is most useful for detecting jitter patterns or modulation

related to parallel-to-serial conversions.

Jitter is seen in the eye diagram as a horizontal thickening of the trace. As jitter

increases, the opening in the eye shrinks until the receiver can no longer reliably

decode the serial stream.

The usefulness of the eye measurement decreases with long cable lengths. Even a

short cable will slow the rise time and make evaluation of a source difficult.

Slightly longer cables will make one eye run into the next. This is called

intersymbol interference. It makes the eye appear to have multiple levels and

closes the eye opening vertically long before the receiver fails to decode the

signal. The only information the eye measurement gives on longer cables is

some idea of the cable length.

Different clock recovery bandwidths can be selected to help isolate the frequency

of any jitter that is observed. When a bandwidth setting is chosen, only jitter at

frequencies above that bandwidth are observed.

You can turn on or off a readout that displays automatic measurements and a

histogram of the eye waveform. Refer to Automatic Eye Measurements on

page 3--18 for more information.

Setup for Eye Measurements. Perform the following steps to prepare the

instrument for Eye measurements:

1. Connect a 100% Color Bar, serial video-signal to the instrument using a

75 Ω cable of two meters or less in length. Use high quality, low loss coaxial

cable, such as Belden 8281.

2. Press the GAIN button and select 1x vertical gain.

3. Press the EYE button to select the Eye Pattern display.

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Automatic Eye Measurements. When the Eye display is selected, you can use the

Eye Meas. soft key to turn on or off a readout that displays automatic measure-

ments of the eye waveform (see Figure 3--7). The measurement readouts are

colored red when the eye waveform exceeds the defined thresholds.

Use the Set Default Thresholds soft key to set the eye measurement thresholds to

the levels defined by the associated standard (SD signals: SMPTE 259M;

HD signals: SMPTE 292M). Use the Set Meas Thresholds soft key to set custom

threshold levels.

NOTE. The automatic eye measurements are based on the eye waveform display.

To ensure the best eye measurement conditions, the instrument sets the clock

recovery bandwidth set to 1kHz. While the automatic eye measurements are

running, the instrument prevents you from adjusting the recovery bandwidth

setting or from adjusting the following signal controls: vertical and horizontal

position, sweep and gain settings, and Line Select mode.

Reporting Automatic Eye Measurement Errors. When enabled in the Physical

Alarms submenu of the Configure menu, the eye measurement alarms will be

reported to the Event Log in only the following two conditions:

When the Eye display is selected and the eye measurement readout is

turned on

When the Event Log or Alarm Status displays are selected after the eye

measurement readout is turned on

That is, if you enter the Eye display and turn on the eye measurements, and then

you use the STATUS button to view the Event Log or Alarm Status displays, the

eye measurement alarms will be active. If you select another display mode such

as Jitter or Waveform, the eye measurement alarms will be disabled.

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Eye measurement readouts

Rise overshoot

peak indicator

Upper signal

level indicator

Waveform histogram

80% signal rise

level indicator

Waveform shape indicator

(20-80% signal level)

80% signal fall

level indicator

Lower signal

level indicator

Fall overshoot

peak indicator

Figure 3-7: Eye display showing the automatic measurements

Measurement Accuracy Using the Measurement Cursors. If you use the measure-

ment cursors to measure the eye waveform, you may measure a different result

than that shown in the automatic eye measurements readout. This is because the

internal peak detector can measure waveform excursions better than people can

when using their eye to position the cursors.

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Manually Measuring Amplitude. The following procedure shows you how to

manually measure the signal amplitude using both the graticule and the Voltage

Cursors.

1. Perform the initial settings for Eye measurements described in Setup for Eye

Measurements above.

2. Use the CLOCK BW soft key to select the 1 kHz filter. This setting reduces

the effects of timing jitter, which can obscure the amplitude measurement.

3. To measure amplitude, use the graticule (1x gain) or use the voltage cursors.

Ignore any overshoot or undershoot on the rising or falling edges.

NOTE. For Cursor measurements, you can use any gain setting, including

variable gain, since the waveform and the cursors are equally affected by the

gain setting. Higher gain settings help match the cursor to the waveform.

Signal sources should measure 800 mV_p-pᐔ10%. Signal amplitudes outside of

this range can degrade receiver performance.

Manually Measuring Aberrations. Serial sources should produce good signal

transitions with a minimum of overshoot and ringing. To manually measure

aberrations, perform the following steps:

1. Perform the steps in Setup for Eye Measurements on page 3--17.

2. Position one voltage cursor at the peak of the overshoot at the top horizontal

part of the waveform.

3. Position the second voltage cursor at the bottom of the top line of the

waveform. Include any ringing (the oscillation following overshoot) in the

measurement. Essentially, you are measuring the thickness of the top line of

the waveform.

4. The Voltage Cursor readout provides the signal amplitude.

5. Perform the same voltage-cursor measurement on the bottom line thickness,

including any undershoot and ringing.

NOTE. Aberrations at the top or bottom line of the waveform should not exceed

10% of the signal amplitude since automatic equalizer circuits in receivers may

be sensitive to larger aberrations.

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Manually Measuring Rise Time. Rise time measurements of the eye waveform

check the performance of sources and signal degradation by cabling. The

following procedure provides two methods for manually measuring rise time.

The first method uses variable gain to normalize the signal and the second

method uses the percentage voltage cursors.

1. Perform the steps in Setup for Eye Measurements on page 3--17.

2. Method 1 -- Use variable gain to measure rise time.

a. Use Variable Gain to resize the waveform to 10 major divisions. Position

the top and bottom of the waveform on graticule lines.

b. Position the first timing cursor at the crossing of the rising edge of the

Eye waveform and the graticule line two divisions above the bottom of

the waveform as shown in Figure 3--8.

NOTE. You can use the horizontal MAG control in the Sweep menu for greater

accuracy when adjusting the time cursors.

c. Position the second time cursor at the crossing of the rising edge of the

Eye waveform and the graticule line two divisions below the top of the

waveform as shown in Figure 3--8.

d. The Delta time readout indicates the 20 -- 80% rise time measurement.

Figure 3-8: Timing Cursors alignment for measuring 20-80% rise time

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3. Method 2 -- Use the percentage voltage cursors to measure rise time:

a. Turn on the voltage cursors and set the voltage cursor units to %.

b. Position the first voltage cursor to the top of the signal, and then position

the second voltage cursor to the bottom of the signal.

c. Touch the Set 100% soft key.

d. Position the first voltage cursor to where the readout lists 80%, and then

position the second voltage cursor to where the readout lists 20%.

e. Position the first timing cursor at the crossing of the rising edge of the

Eye waveform and the 20% voltage cursor.

NOTE. You can use the horizontal MAG control in the Sweep menu for greater

accuracy when adjusting the time cursors.

f. Position the second timing cursor at the crossing of the rising edge of the

Eye waveform and the 80% voltage cursor.

g. The Delta time readout indicates the 20 -- 80% rise time measurement.

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Making Jitter

Measurements

The Jitter display mode plots jitter versus time as a trace and measures peak-to-

peak time jitter on the active input signal. The Jitter mode converts any phase

modulation to amplitude and plots it against time.

Timing jitter is the deviation of signal transitions compared to those of a

reference clock. Jitter results in Eye closure along the time axis, narrowing the

window in which the data values can be accurately determined.

Jitter is characterized by both its magnitude and frequency. Signal transitions

deviate from their ideal position by a peak amount and at one or more frequen-

cies, depending on the sources. Typically, only high frequency jitter affects data

recovery. But low frequency jitter can affect time-critical operations such as

signal multiplexing and D/A conversion.

Jitter Demodulation. The Jitter measurement uses a demodulator method to

determine signal jitter. The serial clock is recovered from the input signal and

demodulated against a very stable oscillator, which translates any phase

modulation (jitter) into a DC value. This DC value represents the phase

difference between the input signal and the reference oscillator.

The resulting DC values plotted against time are proportional to jitter in the

serial signal. This jitter waveform is passed through a high-pass filter and

applied to a peak detector. The peak detector measurement is presented in the

jitter measurement box. The demodulator can detect jitter up to 5 MHz.

Observing Word Correlated Behavior. The Eye Pattern display allows you to

analyze word correlated jitter in video signals. Use the 10-Eye mode to analyze

SD format signals and use the 20-Eye mode to analyze HD format signals.

When video is serialized, a 270 MHz serial clock is derived from the 27 MHz

rate parallel word clock. Often there is slight phase modulation of the serial

clock between the transitions of the parallel clock producing jitter at data-bit

transitions. This jitter is not random; it is correlated to the parallel word rate.

Also, the video pattern applied to the serializer changes at a 27 MHz rate or at an

integer fraction of this rate. Any video pattern related effects in the serial system

typically appear at fixed data-bit locations with respect to the parallel word.

In the 10-Eye or 20-Eye display modes, the trigger is on the parallel word

boundaries, with 10 or 20 Eyes shown per sweep. Parallel word and TV-line

correlated behavior can be seen in these modes. If a serial system has a distur-

bance that appears related to video patterns, either word or TV-line, use the

10-Eye (SD) or 20-Eye (HD) display mode to analyze the problem. Use the Line

Select function to place the area of interest in the Eye pattern display.

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Using Line Select. When Line Select is off, the jitter measurement reflects the

maximum amount of jitter in the full field. When Line Select is on and Line

sweep is selected, the jitter measurement displays “line n jitter,” with n being the

selected line number. The jitter measured on an individual line will always be

equal to or less than the full field jitter measurement.

Bandwidth Filters. The waveform monitor provides four bandwidth filters: 10 Hz,

1 kHz, 10 kHz, and 100 kHz. These filters only show jitter terms above the

selected filter frequency.

When you select a filter, depending on the active input signal, you select the

jitter measurement type (Timing, Alignment, or neither, as defined by the

SMPTE standard). Use the lowest settings to measure timing jitter and the higher

settings to measure alignment jitter. The type of jitter measurement is displayed

in the Measured Jitter box.

To measure timing jitter, select the 10 Hz filter for both SD and HD video

signals. To measure alignment jitter, select the 1 kHz filter for SD video signals

and the 100 kHz filter for HD video signals.

NOTE. Many jitter problems in systems have resulted from genlocking clocks to

other references, such as the horizontal synchronization pulse. Reference jitter

transferred by genlocks into a serial system is typically between 20 and several

hundred Hertz. Also, the phase detection process used by the genlock can add

noise, which results in jitter in the 10 Hz to 1 kHz range. Use the appropriate

BW Limit filter selection to include or reject genlock jitter from a measurement.

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Reporting Jitter Measurement Errors. When enabled in the Physical Alarms

submenu of the Configure menu, the Jitter alarm will be reported to the Event

When the Jitter display is selected

When the Event Log or Alarm Status displays are selected after the Jitter

display is selected

That is, if you enter the Jitter display and then use the STATUS button to view

the Event Log or Alarm Status displays, the jitter measurement alarm will be

active. If you select another display mode such as Eye or Waveform, the jitter

measurement alarm will be disabled.

Use the Set Default Thresholds soft key to set the thresholds back to the default

values for the type of signal you are monitoring: SD (SMPTE 259M) or

HD (SMPTE 292M). The default value for the jitter measurement 0.2 UI, which

is the maximum alignment jitter specification for both SD and HD signals and is

the maximum timing jitter specification for SD signals (see Table 3--3).

Since the maximum timing jitter specification for HD signals is 1.0 UI, you must

set the high-pass filter to 10 Hz and manually set the jitter threshold to 1.0 UI

before the instrument will properly generate an alarm if the HD signal exceeds

the SMPTE 292M timing jitter specification.

Use the Set Meas. Thresholds soft key to set a custom threshold level.

Table 3-3: Jitter measurement alarm thresholds

Signal type

High pass filter setting

Alarm threshold

SD (SMPTE 259M)

10 Hz (timing jitter)

0.2 UI (740 ps)

1 kHz (alignment jitter)

10 Hz (timing jitter)

0.2 UI (740 ps)

1.0 UI (673 ps)

0.2 UI (134 ps)

HD (SMPTE 292M)

100 kHz (alignment jitter)

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Measurement Accuracy Using the Measurement Cursors. If you use the measure-

ment cursors to measure jitter, you may measure a different result than that

shown in the jitter measurement box for the following reasons:

The internal peak detector does a better job of measuring jitter excursions

than a human can when using their naked eye to position the cursors

The noise floor is removed from the jitter measurement readout but not from

the cursor delta readout

Manually Measuring Timing Jitter. Perform the following steps to manually

measure the timing jitter:

1. Perform the steps in Setup for Eye Measurements on page 3--17.

2. Select the 3 EYE mode, which shows peak jitter at each eye crossing.

3. Select the 10 Hz bandwidth filter to measure the total broadband jitter (use

this setting if composite D/A conversion is planned).

4. Position the timing cursors to measure the width of the Eye zero-crossing

point (see Figure 3--9). If necessary, use the Gain and Sweep menus for

better vertical and horizontal resolution.

5. Check that delta between the two timing cursors is less than the following

over one horizontal line:

SD signals: 740 ps (0.2 unit intervals per SMPTE259M)

HD signals: 673 ps (1.0 unit interval per SMPTE292M)

Figure 3-9: Timing Cursors alignment for measuring timing jitter

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Gamut Measurements

NOTE. Gamut error detection is disabled in Eye and Jitter display modes.

The waveform monitor features three types of gamut displays:

The Diamond display shows the relationship between the R, G, and B video

signals. The waveform monitor converts the Y, P_b,and P_rcomponents of the

signal into R, G, and B to form the Diamond display.

The Split Diamond display separates the upper and lower diamonds to show

excursions below black; otherwise it is identical to the Diamond display.

The Arrowhead display checks that signals conform to legal composite

gamut space.

NOTE. Refer to the reference document A Guide to Standard and High-Definition

Digital Video Measurements at the Tektronix, Inc. Web site (www.tektronix.com)

for information about how the Diamond and Arrowhead displays are created

and for information about defining legal and valid gamut signals.

Checking RGB Gamut

Use the Diamond or Split Diamond displays to check RGB gamut. For a signal

to be in gamut, all signal vectors must lie within the G-B and G-R diamonds.

The direction of an excursion out of gamut indicates which signal is excessive.

Errors in green amplitude affect both diamonds equally, while blue amplitude

errors affect only the top diamond and red errors affect only the bottom diamond.

Use the Split Diamond display to see excursions below black in either of the

G--B or G--R spaces.

The intensity of a vector indicates its duration. A momentary out-of-gamut

condition appears as a faint trace. Long duration violations show as a bright

trace. Figure 3--10 shows out-of-gamut signals on the Diamond display.

Monochrome signals appear as vertical lines. Nonlinear component processing,

such as from a gamma corrector that alters white balance, can cause deviations

along the vertical axis.

Bending of the transitions indicates timing delays. When a color bar signal is

applied, the vertical axis becomes an indicator of delay errors. The Diamond and

Split Diamond displays allow you to visualize interchannel timing errors. Use

the Lightning display in Vector mode to quantify the amount of timing error.

The Diamond and Split Diamond graticules have marks to indicate conformance

using 75% color bars. The edge of the diamond is used for 100% color bars.

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Example A:

R - Ok

G > 700 mV

B - Ok

Example B:

R - Ok

G - Ok

Example C:

R - Ok

G - Ok, 350 mV

B < 0 mV

B > 700 mV

Figure 3-10: Out-of-gamut signals on a Diamond display

Checking Composite

Gamut

The Arrowhead display shows out of gamut conditions in composite color-space,

without requiring a composite decoder. The display plots luminance on the

vertical axis, with blanking at the lower left corner of the arrow. The magnitude

of the chroma subcarrier at every luminance level is plotted on the horizontal

axis, with zero subcarrier at the left edge of the arrow. The upper sloping line

forms a graticule indicating 100% color bar total luma + subcarrier amplitudes.

The lower sloping graticule indicates a luma--subcarrier extending towards sync

tip (maximum transmitter power).

Arrowhead Graticules. The electronic graticule provides a reliable reference to

measure what luminance plus color subcarrier will be when the signal is later

encoded into NTSC or PAL.

On the NTSC Arrowhead graticule (see Figure 3--11), the 120 IRE line repre-

sents the level at which a transmitter starts clipping the signal. The --40 IRE line

represents the sync tip level, while the 7.5 IRE line represents the setup level.

On the PAL Arrowhead graticule (see Figure 3--12), the 950 mV line represents

the level at which a transmitter starts clipping the signal. The 930 mV line

represents the upper limit of chrominance excursion, and the --230 mV line is the

lower limit of chrominance excursion. The --300 mV line represents the sync tip

level.

Signals exceeding the luminance amplitude gamut extend above the top

horizontal limit (top electronic graticule line). Signals exceeding the luminance

plus or minus peak chrominance amplitude gamut extend beyond the upper and

lower diagonal limits. The bottom horizontal line shows the minimum allowed

luminance level.

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100 IRE 110 IRE 120 IRE

131 IRE

High Luma limit

100 %

High Composite limit

Luma

amplitude

7.5 %

0 %

Low Composite limit

Chroma

amplitude

-24 IRE -33 IRE -40 IRE

Low Luma limit

Figure 3-11: NTSC Arrowhead graticule

700 mV

950 mV

High Luma limit

100 %

930 mV

High Composite limit

Luma

amplitude

Low Composite limit

0 %

Chroma

amplitude

-230 mV -300 mV

Low Luma limit

Figure 3-12: PAL Arrowhead graticule

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Setting Gamut Alarm

Limits

Listed below are general guidelines for setting gamut alarm limits for the

Diamond and Arrowhead displays.

Default Thresholds. Use the Grat / Gamut Default Setup submenu of the

Configure menu to select the standard used for default gamut thresholds: Tek or

IBU-R103. The Tek thresholds are the default gamut thresholds historically used

by video monitoring equipment made by Tektronix, Inc. and are not intended to

conform to an officially accepted video standard.

NOTE. When you select the Tektronix default limits, the RGB, Luma, and Y+C

gamut thresholds are reset to the default values defined by Tektronix. When you

select the EBU-R103 default limits, only the RGB and Luma gamut thresholds

are reset since the Y+C gamut limits are not defined by the EBU-R103 standard.

When you touch the Default soft key in any of the Gamut Limit menus, all of the

gamut limit thresholds are reset to the standard indicated on the soft key.

Diamond Display Gamut Limits. Use the Gamut menu to set the upper and lower

RGB thresholds for a 5 mV tolerance ( +705 mV and --5 mV). This will cover

the tolerance of any signal generator that provides color bars. This tolerance is

close enough to the nominal values of 700 mV and 0 mV to be undetectable by

the human eye.

Set the Horizontal/Horiz+Vert soft key setting to Horiz+Vert. This setting will

trigger on gamut errors that form a block covering several video lines, and thus

are more visible to the human eye.

Arrowhead Display Gamut Limits. Use the Limit Format soft key to set the

instrument for NTSC or PAL gamut measurements. For North American

applications of NTSC video signals, set the Setup control to 7.5%. In addition,

set the upper Y+C Composite threshold to 120 IRE because that is the level at

which a TV transmitter starts to clip the signal. Set the lower Y+C Composite

threshold to --24 IRE because that is the lower limit of chrominance excursions.

For the majority of PAL video signal applications, set the Setup control to 0%.

Set the upper Y+C Composite threshold to 935 mV and the lower Y+C

Composite threshold to --235 mV because those are the limits of chrominance

excursion.

For both NTSC and PAL signals, set the Horizontal/Horiz+Vert soft key setting

to Horiz+Vert. This setting will trigger on gamut errors that form a block

covering several video lines, and thus are more visible to the human eye.

Set the upper and lower luminance thresholds for a 3% tolerance (103% and

--3%) to monitor excessive luminance excursions.

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Filtering. Two filters allow you to accept overshoot that would otherwise be

reported as a gamut error. Overshoot occurs due to the unequal rise time of the

chroma and luma inherent in the YPbPr signal.

Use the Horizontal filter setting to monitor for out-of-gamut errors within a

single horizontal line using a low-pass filter (SD: < 1 MHz, HD: < 1.2 MHz).

Use the Horizontal + Vertical filter setting to monitor for out-of-gamut errors on

three consecutive horizontal lines, with a weighting of 25% for the first and third

lines and 50% for the second line. Use this setting to accept horizontal artifacts,

making the detection symmetrical in the picture domain.

Area Masking. This feature lets you set the percentage of the total image pixels

(up to 10%) that can be outside the current gamut limits, yet not be reported as a

gamut error. The Area setting does not affect bright-up in the Picture display.

Line Select Mode

Use Line Select mode to select one line of the video signal to display and

measure. Line Select stays active as you change between major modes. This

enables you to select a line in Picture mode, and then go to other modes to view

the same line.

The selected line is highlighted in Picture mode and in the thumbnail picture.

The external picture monitor signals also contain a bright-up if enabled in the

Video Inputs/Outputs submenu of the Configure menu.

NOTE. Line Select mode is automatically disabled when Field sweep is selected.

Line Select mode is always enabled in Data mode.

The Field and Next Field soft keys select the field from which the selected

line/sample is taken. Select All Fields to display the same line number from all

fields in a frame. The 1 of 2 selection lets you choose a line from only one field

in a frame. Touch the Next Field soft key repeatedly to cycle through the fields

in a frame.

Field Selection

Sample Selection

Sample Select determines what portion of the video line is viewed in Data

Display mode (WFM700M only). Sample Select is also active in Picture and

thumbnail modes to allow correlation of events between modes.

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Logging

The instrument contains two different log files: diagnostics and events. You can

use the Remote Web Server interface to download the contents of either log file.

Diagnostics Log

Event Log

This log contains the results of the last diagnostic test that was performed.

The instrument maintains an event log in which every entry is time-stamped with

the time-of-day when the instrument logged the event. When you enable

Timecode in the Video Inputs/Outputs submenu of the Configure menu, events

are time-stamped with the timecode embedded in the video signal.

CAUTION. The time-of-day time stamps in the Event Log are based on the system

time of the instrument when the logging process starts. If you update the system

time of the instrument while the Event Log is in the Running mode, the time

stamps will not start using the new system time setting. You must stop and restart

the Event Log before the time stamps will use the new system time.

Controlling the Size of the Event Log. The event log can contain up to 10,000

entries. Recording each individual event separately would quickly fill the log.

To handle this problem, the instrument classifies log entries as one of the

following:

Single shot. One isolated occurrence is logged as one entry.

Continuous. Uninterrupted sequence of occurrences is logged as two entries

marking the beginning and end of the sequence.

Intermittent. Interrupted sequence of closely spaced occurrences can be

logged as separate entries or as one entry. Use the Printing/Event Log

submenu of the Configure menu to set the event log storage mode:

Log for Duration. Logs intermittent events as one event to save space in

the event log.

Log for Resolution. Logs intermittent events separately, which preserves

time stamp information for each event, but quickly fills up the event log.

By default, most of the possible alarms are enabled for logging. Use the

Configure Alarms submenu of the Configure menu to limit the number of

monitored error conditions.

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Configuring the Event Log Full Condition. Use the Printing/Event Log submenu of

the Configure menu to configure the instrument to either stop logging events or

to overwrite events when the event log has filled up to the 10,000 entry level.

Viewing and Printing the Event Log. You can view the Event Log using the Status

menu or using the Remote Web Interface. In the Status menu, use the Configure

View Filter soft key to show only the events you want to view.

NOTE. The Log Filter menu settings only affect how you view the log entries

using the Status display. These settings do not affect the actual contents of the

Event Log, nor do they affect the Event Log display when you use the Remote

Web Interface to view the Event Log.

The contents of the Event Log cannot be recovered after the log has been erased.

The Event Log uses icons to indicate the type and duration of detected signal

conditions. Table 3--4 shows the icons you may encounter as they appear

on-screen and in the Event Log file downloaded using the Remote Web Interface.

Table 3-4: Event Log error status icons

Remote Web

Interface symbols

On-screen icon

Description

XXXX

Identifies a persistent (more than one video field)

alarm condition that was present when logging

started. The on-screen icon is red.

_/XX

_/\_

Identifies an alarm condition that persisted for

more than one video field. The on-screen icon is

red.

Identifies a momentary (pulse) alarm condition that

persisted for less than or equal to one video field.

The on-screen icon is red.

X\__

X\/X

/\/\

Identifies an alarm condition that cleared for more

than one video field. The on-screen icon is green.

Identifies an alarm condition that cleared for less

than or equal to one video field. The on-screen

icon is red.

Identifies an intermittent alarm condition (one field

on, one field off). The on-screen icon is red.

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Measure Mode (WFM700M Only)

Press the MEASURE button to access the Data Display. The Data Display mode

shows the actual SD or HD input data without any interpolation. Refer to Data

Display (WFM700M Only) on page 3--15 for more information.

From the Measure submenu of the Data Display menu, you can access the

following three display modes:

Bowtie. Use this display to evaluate the relative amplitude and timing

between the three video channels. Refer to Bowtie Mode on page 3--14 for

more information.

Ancillary Data. Use this display to view the raw (undecoded) data words in

the selected ancillary data packets. Refer to Ancillary Data Display on

page 3--4 for more information.

ARIB STD-B39. Use this display to view the decoded data for video signals

using ancillary data compliant with ARIB STD-B39. Refer to ARIB

STD-B39 Display on page 3--6 for more information.

Multi Mode

Press the MULTI button to enable the Multi mode display, which shows two

different views of the same input signal side-by-side. You must use the Input

menu to select a different input signal for display.

The front-panel controls affect only the display mode in the currently selected

Multi-mode window. Menu changes you make while the instrument is in Multi

mode remain in effect when you exit Multi mode.

Multi mode horizontally compresses displays so that they will fit side-by-side.

When the Status display is selected as one of the Multi mode displays, there may

be some overwriting of the label text in the Status display. The measurement text

is not affected by the display compression. In addition, the audio-presence

indicators for groups 3&4 may not appear on the Status display in Multi mode.

Option DG Audio Module Only: When Level Meters + Lissajous or Surround

Sound is the selected Audio-mode display, the Lissajous or Surround Sound

display will appear when you select Audio as one of the Multi mode displays.

You must select Level Meters as the Audio-mode display to view the audio level

meters in Multi mode.

Detection of analog (line 21) closed caption does not operate if the instrument is

in Data mode or in Multi mode when the Data display is selected.

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Picture Mode

Press the PICTURE button to display a full screen representation of the video

signal present at the selected input.

NOTE. Due to the number of pixels in the LCD display of the waveform monitor,

not all of the video content (particularly in HD formats) can be reproduced with

100% accuracy by this display module. The picture display offers a means of

visually identifying the content present at the active input and is not designed to

replace the rear-panel PIX MON outputs, which contain all of the video content.

Press the PICTURE button again to display the Picture menu. Use the Safe Area

soft key to display the Safe Action and Safe Title graticules, which comply with

SMPTE RP218. The safe area graticules do not appear in the thumbnail picture.

Since the full-size SD picture display is cropped, use the SD Picture Half Size

setting to view the complete picture when you are monitoring SD signals.

Use the Grat/Gamut Default Setup submenu of the Configuration menu to enable

the display of decoded closed captioning text in Picture mode.

Use the Video Inputs/Outputs submenu of the Configure menu to enable or

disable bright-ups, or contrast patterns, to show areas that are out of gamut, or to

show the selected line or sample.

Use the Display menu to enable a thumbnail picture that appears in other display

modes.

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Printing

NOTE. The instrument formats print output in Postscript color, or Postscript

black and white formats. The selected printer must support LPD protocol.

Use the Printing/Event Log submenu of the Configure menu to configure the

instrument to print the following items to a printer on your local network:

Instrument display. To print the current instrument display (waveforms and

text), press the Print button.

NOTE. When printing the Eye pattern display, set the trace intensity to a value

greater than 20 for good contrast between the trace and the background.

Event Log file. To print the Event Log file, press the Print button when you

are viewing the Event Log in the Status display. The complete Event Log file

will be printed.

Diagnostics Log file. To print the Diagnostic Log file, use the System

submenu of the Configure menu.

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Status Displays

Press the STATUS button and then touch the Display soft key to select from the

following status displays:

Session. Use this selection to view the Video Status/Session, Audio

Status/Session, or Auxiliary Data Status displays.

Alarm Status. Use this selection to view the status of the General, Serial,

Audio (Option DG only), Auxiliary Data, or Physical (WFM700M only)

alarms.

Event Log. Use this selection to enable, disable, configure, and view the

event log.

Status Display Colors

Messages and values in the different status displays use the following colors to

help indicate signal status:

White. Identifies items that represent changes in the instrument state.

Green. Indicates error conditions that have cleared.

Yellow. Indicates a warning condition that might require attention but does

not meet the requirements of an error condition.

Red. Indicates signal information that has been found to be in an ongoing

error state.

Video Status and Session

Display

The Video Status portion of the display (left side) shows the current status of the

video signal being monitored. The Video Session portion of the display (right

side) shows the cumulative results of the current video monitoring session. Use

the Session Stopped/Running soft key to start or stop the monitoring session.

Use the Reset Session soft key to clear the display.

Refer to the WFM700 Series Technical Reference document on the CD-ROM for

descriptions of the status display elements.

NOTE. The Session: Stopped/Running and the Reset Session soft keys affect both

the audio and video session displays. For example, if you stop/start or reset the

session when the currently displayed session is audio, the video session is also

stopped/started or reset.

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Audio Status and Session

Display (Option DG Only)

The Audio Status/Session display shows the current status of the audio signal

being monitored. Use the Session Stopped/Running soft key to start or stop the

monitoring session. Use the Reset Session soft key to clear the display.

Refer to the WFM700 Series Technical Reference document on the CD-ROM for

descriptions of the status display elements.

Auxiliary Data Status

Display

The Auxiliary Data Status display provides detailed information about the

auxiliary data embedded in the video signal.

Refer to the WFM700 Series Technical Reference document on the CD-ROM for

descriptions of the status display elements.

Event Log Display

Refer to Logging on page 3--32 for information about using the Event Log.

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Alarm Status Displays

The instrument provides the following five alarm status displays which

correspond to the categories of alarms provided in the Configure menu: general,

serial, audio (Option DG only), auxiliary data, and physical (WFM700M only).

An “X” appears in the Enabled column for each of the enabled alarms. The

Status column indicates the status of each alarm, whether or not that alarm

condition has been enabled. Table 3--5 lists the status indicators that may appear.

Table 3-5: Alarm status indicators

Indicator

Description

No alarm condition is detected.

Yes / No

Error

Indicates whether or not a condition was detected.

An alarm is detected and information about the error is displayed.

N/A

The alarm condition does not apply to the current configuration. For example, the RP165 EDH status alarm is set to

N/A when an HD signal is present because RP165 is only valid in SD signals.

Missing

An optional feature is not present in the input signal. For example, the RP165 EDH status alarm is set to Missing

when the input is SD but there are no RP165 packets present in the signal (EDH is an optional signal feature).

12345678

In the Audio Alarm Status display, this indicator may appear to show which audio channels have errors. For example,

- -34- -78 would be displayed to indicate that channels 3, 4, 7, and 8 have errors.

This indicator is logical, after remapping, and not physical.

RGB and Composite Gamut Error Indicators. When RGB and/or Composite

Gamut errors are detected, the associated lines in the Alarm Status display have

characters that indicate which gamut threshold(s) are exceeded for each

component. Table 3--6 lists the error codes that may be displayed.

Table 3-6: Alarm Status display error indicators

Indicator

Description

Signal exceeds the high gamut limit for the red component (RGB gamut)

Signal exceeds the low gamut limit for the red component (RGB gamut)

Signal exceeds the high gamut limit for the green component (RGB gamut)

Signal exceeds the low gamut limit for the green component (RGB gamut)

Signal exceeds the high gamut limit for the blue component (RGB gamut)

Signal exceeds the low gamut limit for the blue component (RGB gamut)

Signal exceeds the high gamut limit for the chroma component (composite gamut)

Signal exceeds the low gamut limit for the chroma component (composite gamut)

Signal exceeds the high gamut limit for the luma component (composite gamut)

Signal exceeds the low gamut limit for the luma component (composite gamut)

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Reference

Vector Mode

Press the VECTOR button to enter the Vector mode, where you can select two

related displays: Vector and Lightning. Both displays have targets for determin-

ing conformance using 75% or 100% color bar signals.

NOTE. Refer to the reference document A Guide to Standard and High-Definition

Digital Video Measurements at the Tektronix, Inc. Web site (www.tektronix.com)

for information about how the Vector and Lightning displays are created.

Vector Display

The Vector display allows you to view the signal as a complex vector of color

components, with no luminance information included. The display is a tradition-

al vector plot of the color difference signals Pb and Pr. The radial magnitude

represents saturation and the phase angle represents hue. With the Vector display,

you can check the encoder accuracy for both phase and amplitude errors.

Vector Graticules. You can use the Vector menu to select either a component or

composite vector graticule. When the component graticule is selected, you can

turn the compass rose graticule and the I/Q axis on or off using the Grat / Gamut

Default Setup submenu in the Configure menu.

NOTE. The component vector graticule is provided to allow comparison with

other equipment with similar displays. For a more accurate representation of

hue shift, use the composite vector representation.

Each chrominance vector of a Color Bar signal terminates as a bright dot in a

target. The distance from the center box to the target box corresponds to the

amplitude for the color being measured. The dot brightness corresponds to the

duration of the color bar. The dimension of each target box represents 2%

( 14 mV) of a 700 mV amplitude.

The dashed-vector line labeled “I” is for evaluating flesh tones. Increasing radial

amplitude along this axis indicates increasing flesh-tone saturation. Increasing

angle change from this axis indicates increasing flesh-tone hue change.

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Reference

Vector Timing Measurements. In the composite domain, the transitions between

the vector end points display timing differences. Because these timing differ-

ences include the delay in the decoder output filtering, you can usually ignore

them. In the component domain, there is no decoding required. Therefore, the

color bar transitions contain useful timing information. These timing differences

appear as looping or bowing of the transitions. While the Vector display allows

you to visualize interchannel timing errors, use the Lightning display to quantify

the amount of timing error.

The Lightning display is a Tektronix, Inc. proprietary display combining a

vertical luminance axis with horizontal chrominance information. The Lightning

display plots the color difference signals, Pb and Pr, with the luminance (Y)

signal. In the top half of the Lightning display, Pb is plotted against Y, and on

the bottom half, Pr is plotted against inverted Y. The vertical center is the 0 V or

black-clamp point.

Lightning Display

Lightning Graticule. The Lightning graticule (see Figure 3--13) has two sets of

small cross-hairs that bisect the green-magenta transitions on a color bar signal.

The calibration of the marks is shown in Table 3--7. The electronic graticule

eliminates the effects of CRT nonlinearity.

You can adjust the vertical and horizontal gain using the Gain menu and the

Sweep menu to normalize signal amplitude and to expand the scale of the

display to better view the small timing graticule cross-hairs.

Table 3-7: Lightning graticule marks

SD cross-hair timing error calibration¹

Graticule mark Description

HD cross-hair timing error calibration¹

Graticule mark Description

Center

Aligned

20 ns

Center

Aligned

2 ns

1^stmark

2^ndmark

3^rdmark

1^stmark

2^ndmark

3^rdmark

40 ns

5 ns

74 ns

(one luma sample time)

13.5 ns

(one luma sample time)

4^thmark

148 ns

(one chroma sample time)

4^thmark

27 ns

(one chroma sample time)

The graticule calibration is only correct if the color bar signal lands in the targets.

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Reference

Figure 3-13: Lightning display showing proper interchannel timing

40 ns timing error

20 ns timing error

Figure 3-14: Lightning display showing interchannel timing errors

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Reference

Luminance Gain Measurement. The signal is driven along the vertical axis above

and below the center box by the luminance signal. The luminance gain is correct

when the center dot (clamped black level) is centered in the target box and the

positive and negative excursions end at the top and bottom of the graticule.

Perfect monochrome signals appear as a thin vertical line. Any deviation or

bending off the center line indicates a color variation from the monochrome

setup of the display monitor.

Interchannel Timing Measurement. The scale (sequence of dots) between the green

and magenta targets provides a way to check interchannel timing (CH-2 to CH-1

and CH-3 to CH-1) or signal delay. If the color difference signal is not coincident

with luminance, the transitions between color dots will bend. The amount of this

bending represents the relative signal delay between luminance and the color

difference signal. The upper half of the display measures the Pb-to-Y timing,

while the bottom half measures the Pr-to-Y Timing. If the transition bends in

toward the vertical center or black region, the color difference signal is delayed

with respect to luminance. If the transition bends out toward white, the color

difference signal is leading the luminance signal.

Figure 3--13 shows a signal with proper interchannel timing. In Figure 3--14, the

Lightning display shows that the signal has Y--Pb and Y--Pr timing errors.

Pr and Pb Gain Measurement. The horizontal deflection of the top half of the

display is an indication of the Pb gain and the lower half indicates the Pr gain. If

the color bar signal dots are within the horizontal dimensions of the appropriate

graticule targets, the Pb and Pr gains are within 2% of the correct amplitude.

Since the vertical and horizontal dimensions of the graticule target boxes indicate

2% luminance and color difference gain errors, respectively, you can evaluate

each color bar for encoding accuracy with these limits.

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Reference

Waveform Mode

Press the WFM button to enter the Waveform mode. In Waveform mode, the

selected components are displayed in a voltage versus time plot. You can apply

flat or low pass filters and choose the color space modes (such as RGB or

composite). In component color space modes, you can turn the individual

components on or off.

Parade / Overlay

In Parade mode, all selected components of the signal are displayed from left to

right, in the same order as they appear on the soft key (for example, in the RGB

display, “R” is on the left, followed by “G” and then “R”). In Overlay mode, all

selected components of the signal are overlaid.

Configuration

Use the Video Inputs/Outputs submenu of the Configure menu to modify the

waveform by turning the EAV/SAV stripping on and off. Use the Grat / Gamut

Default Setup submenu of the Configure menu to select the graticule units used

in the waveform display (mV, IRE, or % full-scale).

Secondary Modes

You can use the following secondary modes while in Waveform mode:

Gain. Use the Gain menu to adjust the vertical gain of the signal display.

Cursors. Use the cursors to measure time and amplitude.

NOTE. Do not use the time cursors to measure time between components in a

paraded waveform display. Parade mode is a special display format that

represents all displayed components in a single screen, irrespective of the time

relationship between components.

Line Select. Use the Line Select function to select part of the video signal to

display and measure.

Freeze. Use the Freeze feature to capture (freeze) the active signal and compare

the frozen signal to the live signal.

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Reference

Sweep. Use the Sweep menu to select from the following sweep modes:

Line. One horizontal line is displayed. Use the Line Select function to

choose one line out of a field or frame.

2 Line. (Overlay mode only) Two consecutive horizontal lines are displayed.

Field. All lines for one video field are displayed.

2 Field. (Overlay mode only) All lines for two video fields are displayed.

Mag. Turns the Mag function on and off.

NOTE. In waveform mode, the instrument does not maintain separate sweep

settings for the different color space selections. Changing the sweep selection in

one color space setting changes the sweep mode in all color space settings.

The composite color space does not support 2 Line and 2 Field sweeps.

Time/div varies with format and sweep type to keep the displayed waveform a

reasonable size.

Mag Sweep

When Mag sweep is on, the horizontal scale is magnified about the center of the

screen. In the magnified mode, the waveform extends off both sides of the CRT.

Use the horizontal position knob to pan left and right on the waveform.

NOTE. Timing cursors operate correctly in the magnified mode, although one or

both may be off screen during measurements.

When operating in two line sweep mode, MAG factors are chosen that optimize

the evaluation of the horizontal blanking interval. To utilize this feature, perform

the following steps:

1. Ensure that the waveform display is in OVERLAY mode.

2. Select 2LINE sweep.

3. Use the horizontal position control to adjust the waveform so that the

blanking interval is aligned with the horizontal graticule indicating the center

of the screen.

4. Select MAG sweep.

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Reference

Measuring Relative Timing

Between Two Serial

Component Signals

To measure the timing of two digital signals, use the following procedure:

1. Connect the two terminated SDI signals to be measured to Input A and

Input B on the waveform monitor.

2. Select Input A to display on the waveform monitor.

3. Verify that the waveform monitor is externally referenced to a black burst or

tri-level sync signal (as appropriate).

4. In the Video Inputs/Outputs submenu of the Configure menu, set Strip

EAV/SAV to Pass. This mode allows the 3FF, 000, 000, and XYZ values to

be displayed on the waveform monitor as shown in Figure 3--15.

NOTE. The transition from 3FF to 000 and 000 to XYZ produces ringing on the

display when passed through the appropriate SD or HD filter. The SAV or EAV

pulse can be used as a timing reference by positioning it on a major tick mark of

the waveform graticule display and comparing it to the other SDI signals,

ensuring that they are positioned at the same mark.

There are no vertical pulses in the digital domain; digital systems calculate their

video position based on the values of F, V, and H. Therefore, a reference point

must be defined in order to measure vertical timing. For simplicity, the first line

of active video can be used as the reference, because the vertical blanking lines

are normally blank.

5. To measure vertical timing, perform the following steps:

a. Set Line Select and Sweep for two-line mode.

b. Select Field 1 and set Line Select at the setting that will display the last

line in the vertical interval and the first line of active signal (Input A).

The Line Select setting should be line 20 for 1080 Interlaced HDTV,

41 for 1080 progressive formats, 25 for 720 progressive, 19 for 525

interlace, or 22 for 625 interlace. If necessary, adjust the vertical timing

of the signal source until the display is correct.

c. Select Input B and make sure the last vertical and first active lines are

displayed. If necessary, adjust the vertical timing to align both vertical

positions to the start of active video.

d. Switch back to Input A and set MAG to ON, noting the amplitude of the

SAV pulses.

e. If the amplitudes of both pulses are identical, they are in the same field.

If not, the two signals are in opposite fields and timing adjustments

should be made to align the sources to the same starting point.

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Reference

Figure 3-15: XYZ pulse of Y channel with pass through selected

6. To measure horizontal timing, perform the following steps:

a. Switch to Input A and set the waveform monitor to one line sweep.

b. Use the horizontal position knob to set the SAV pulse to a major

graticule tick mark, or use cursor mode and set a cursor on the SAV

pulse.

c. Compare the timing to the signal on Input B by selecting Input B and

adjusting the fine timing controls to match the timing position of

Input A.

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Index

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Index

Aberrations, serial channel measurements, 3-20

AC line frequency, 1-6

Accessories

Bowtie Display, relative gain check, 3-14

Bowtie display, timing measurement, 3-14

Buttons

Japanese user manual, 1-4

Korean user manual, 1-4

optional, 1-4

finder, 2-24

front panel, 2-4

WFM7A, 1-4

WFM7DG, 1-4

WFM7HD, 1-4

plain cabinet, 1-4

portable cabinet, 1-4

protective front cover, 1-4

rack adapter, 1-4

service manual, 1-4

Cabinet ordering, 1-4

Capture, 2-21

Carrying case, 1-4

CD-ROM, v

Clock recovery bandwidth, 3-17

Closed Caption Presence readout, 2-6

CLR MENU button, 2-11

Composite display, 3-15

Config menu, 2-14

Configuring a parameter, 2-11

Contacting Tektronix, vii

Content Advisory (V-chip) readout, 2-6

Context-sensitive help, 2-24

Current reference readout, 2-5

Current time and date readout, 2-6

Cursor menu, 2-18

standard, 1-2

Additional input modules, 1-4

Address, Tektronix, vii

AES stream, 3-7

Airflow, allowing adequate, 1-5

Alarm

error availability, Eye / Jitter mode, 3-3

possible alarm actions, 3-2

status display error indicators, 3-39

types, 3-2

Amplitude, serial channel measurements, 3-20

Anciliary Data display, 3-4

Ancillary Data readout, 2-6

Application notes and reference documents, v, vi

Area masking, 3-31

ARIB STD-B39 display, 3-6

Arrowhead display, 2-23, 3-28

Audio

Cursor readout, 2-6

Cursors, measurement accuracy, 3-19, 3-26

Data, jitter measurement with Eye Pattern, 3-23

Data Display menu, 2-26

Data Display mode, 3-15

Data mode (HD), 3-15

Data mode (SD), 3-15

Diagnostics, 3-16

channels readout, 2-5

display elements, 3-8, 3-10

display mode selection, 3-8

input selecting, 3-7

menu, 2-13

Audio mode, 3-7

AUX INPUT connector, 2-9

AUX OUT connectors, 2-10

Diamond display, 2-23

checking RGB Gamut, 3-27

RGB gamut, 3-27

DID and SDID ancillary data values, 3-5

Display menu, 2-19

Documents, v

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EC self test failed, 2-3

Error indicators, Alarm Status display, 3-39

Errors, 3-2

ETHERNET connector, 2-10

Event log, icons, 3-33

EXT VGA connector, 2-10

Eye measurements, 3-17

Eye Measurements readout, 2-6

Eye menu, 2-20

H Gain readout, 2-5

Hardware fault, 2-2

Hardware installation, 1-5

Help menu, 2-24

HORIZ POS knob, 2-2

Horz + Vert, 3-31

Horz + Vert filter, 3-31

Icons, 2-7

event log, 3-33

Indicators

FAULT LED, 2-2

ON/STBY LED, 2-2

INPUT A connector, 2-9

INPUT B connector, 2-9

Input connectors, 2-9

Input menu, 2-24

Input modules, 1-4

Installation, 1-5

connecting power, 1-6

Instrument configuration, 2-14

Eye mode, 3-17

Eye Pattern

aberration measurement, 3-20

amplitude measurement, 3-20

rise time measurement, 3-21

word correlated behavior, 3-23

FAULT LED, 2-2

Field and line readout, 2-6

Field selection, 3-31

Filtering, 3-31

Flesh tone indicator, 3-40

Freeze menu, 2-21

Front panel

buttons, 2-4

illustration, 2-1

indicators, 2-2

interface, 2-1

Japanese user manual ordering, 1-4

Jitter, 3-17

definition, 3-23

demodulation, 3-23

Jitter measurements, 3-23

JITTER OUT connector, 2-10

knobs, 2-2

Gain, relative gain check with Bowtie display, 3-14

Gain menu, 2-22

Gamut display

Knobs

checking RGB gamut, 3-27

Diamond display, 3-27

menu, 2-23

general purpose, 2-2

HORIZ POS, 2-2

VERT POS, 2-2

thresholds, 3-30

Korean user manual ordering, 1-4

Gamut error readout, 2-6

Gamut Threshold Settings readout, 2-5

General Alarms, configure, 3-2

General purpose knob, 2-2

Graticule

for Vector display, 3-40

Lightning Display, 3-42

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measure, 2-26

preset, 2-29

print, 2-30

status, 2-30

sweep, 2-31

vector, 2-32

LED fault codes, 2-2

Lightning display, 3-41

interchannel timing measurement, 3-43

luminance gain measurement, 3-43

PbPr gain measurement, 3-43

Lightning graticule marks, 3-41

Line Select menu, 2-25

waveform, 2-33

MIB document, v

Minor mode buttons, 2-4

Modes

Line Select mode, 3-31

Arrowhead, 3-28

Audio, 2-13, 3-7

Data display, 3-15

Eye, 3-17

Freeze, 2-21

Gamut, 3-27

Jitter, 3-23

Line Select, 3-31

Measure, 3-34

Split Diamond, 3-27

Status, 3-37

Vector, 3-40

Video, 3-15

MAG readout, 2-6

Major mode buttons, 2-4

Making menu selections, 2-11

Measure menu, 2-26

Measure mode, 3-34

Measurement

amplitude with Vector display, 3-40

Eye Pattern aberrations, 3-20–3-22

Eye Pattern amplitude, 3-20–3-22

Eye Pattern rise time, 3-21–3-22

interchannel timing with Lightning display, 3-43

Jitter, 3-23

Waveform, 3-44

Momentary fault, 2-3

Multi mode, 2-27, 3-34

Multi-pin connectors, 2-10

luminance gain with Lightning Display, 3-43

observing word correlated behavior, 3-23

PbPr gain with Lightning display, 3-43

phase with Vector display, 3-40

vector timing with Vector display, 3-41

Measuring serial sources, 3-17–3-22, 3-23–3-27

Menu diagrams, 2-11

On-screen readouts, 2-5

ON/STBY, 2-2

how to use, 2-12

Optional Accessories, additional inputs, 1-4

Optional accessories, 1-4

cabinets, 1-4

Options, power cords, 1-2

Ordering

cabinets, 1-4

Menu hierarchy, 2-11

Menus, 2-11

config, 2-14

cursor, 2-18

data display, 2-26

display, 2-19

eye, 2-20

freeze, 2-21

gain, 2-22

Japanese user manual, 1-4

Korean user manual, 1-4

service manual, 1-4

Outputs, 2-10

gamut, 2-23

help, 2-24

Overshoot, 3-31

Overtemp fault, 2-3

input, 2-24

line select, 2-25

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Index

Part numbers

Safety Summary, iii

Sample readout, 2-6

Sample selection, 3-31

SD PIX MON output, 2-10

Select button, 2-2

Selected input and format readout, 2-5

Selecting audio input, 3-7

Serial Alarms, configure, 3-2

Serial channel measurements

aberrations, 3-20

Japanese WFM700 User Manual, 1-4

Korean WFM700 User Manual, 1-4

power cords, 1-3

WFM700 Release Notes, 1-2

WFM700 Service Manual, 1-4

WFM700 User Manual, 1-2, 1-4

PbPr

Gain measurement with Lightning display, 3-43

plotted against Luminance, 3-41

Phone number, Tektronix, vii

Picture mode, 3-35

amplitude, 3-20

rise time, 3-21

PIX G/Y, B/Pb, R/Pr outputs, 2-10

Pixel errors, 3-31

Portable cabinet, 1-4

Power, AC requirements, 1-6

Power connector, 2-9

Power consumption, typical, 1-6

Power cord options, 1-2

Power on, 1-5

Power on procedure, 1-6

Power source, 1-6

Power source requirements, 2-9

Power supply fault, 2-3

Power, connecting, 1-6

Powerup diagnostics, 3-16

PR to Y Timing, 3-43

Preset menu, 2-29

word correlated behavior, 3-23

SERIAL OUT connector, 2-10

Service manual ordering, 1-4

Service support, contact information, vii

SNMP MIB document, v

Soft keys, 2-5

Split Diamond display, 2-23, 3-27

Standard accessories, 1-2

Status display, 3-37

Status menu, 2-30

Studio timing, 3-43

Sweep menu, 2-31

Sweep rate readout, 2-6

System information, 2-24

Print menu, 2-30

Printing, 3-36

Technical Reference document, v

Technical support, contact information, vii

Tektronix, contacting, vii

Timecode readout, 2-6

Timing, measurement with Bowtie, 3-14

Touch screen, 2-5

Product description, 1-1

Product support, contact information, vii

Program Rating (V-chip) readout, 2-6

Rack adapter, 1-4

URL, Tektronix, vii

Readouts, 2-5

Rear panel connectors, 2-8

Rear panel illustration, 2-8

REF IN loop-through connectors, 2-9