IMPORTANT SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
• Do not expose this apparatus to drips or splashes.
1 Read these instructions.
2 Keep these instructions.
3 Heed all warnings.
• Do not place any objects filled with liquids, such as
vases, on the apparatus.
• Do not install this apparatus in a confined space such
as a book case or similar unit.
4 Follow all instructions.
• The apparatus draws nominal non-operating power from
the AC outlet with its POWER switch in the off position.
5 Do not use this apparatus near water.
6 Clean only with dry cloth.
• The apparatus should be located close enough to the
AC outlet so that you can easily grasp the power cord
plug at any time.
7 Do not block any ventilation openings. Install in
accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.
• An apparatus with Class I construction shall be connected
to an AC outlet with a protective grounding connection.
8 Do not install near any heat sources such as
radiators, heat registers, stoves, or other apparatus
(including amplifiers) that produce heat.
• Batteries (battery pack or batteries installed) should
not be exposed to excessive heat such as sunshine,
fire or the like.
9 Do not defeat the safety purpose of the polarized or
grounding-type plug. A polarized plug has two blades
with one wider than the other. A grounding type plug
has two blades and a third grounding prong. The wide
blade or the third prong are provided for your safety. If
the provided plug does not fit into your outlet, consult
an electrician for replacement of the obsolete outlet.
10 Protect the power cord from being walked on or
pinched particularly at plugs, convenience receptacles,
and the point where they exit from the apparatus.
11 Only use attachments/accessories specified by
the manufacturer.
12 Use only with the cart, stand, tripod, bracket, or
table specified by the manufacturer, or sold with the
apparatus. When a cart is used, use caution when
moving the cart/apparatus combination to avoid injury
from tip-over.
13 Unplug this apparatus during lightning storms or
when unused for long periods of time.
14 Refer all servicing to qualified service personnel.
Servicing is required when the apparatus has been
damaged in any way, such as power-supply cord or
plug is damaged, liquid has been spilled or objects
have fallen into the apparatus, the apparatus has
been exposed to rain or moisture, does not operate
normally, or has been dropped.
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Safety Information
This product has been designed and manufactured
according to FDA regulations “title 21, CFR, chapter
1, subchapter J, based on the Radiation Control for
Health and Safety Act of 1968, ” and is classified as
a class 1 laser product. There is no hazardous invis-
ible laser radiation during operation because invisible
laser radiation emitted inside of this product is com-
pletely confined in the protective housings.
CAUTION
• DO NOT REMOVE THE PROTECTIVE HOUSING
USING A SCREWDRIVER.
• USE OF CONTROLS OR ADJUSTMENTS OR
PERFORMANCE OF PROCEDURES OTHER THAN
THOSE SPECIFIED HEREIN MAY RESULT IN
HAZARDOUS RADIATION EXPOSURE.
• IF THIS PRODUCT DEVELOPS TROUBLE,
CONTACT YOUR NEAREST QUALIFIED SERVICE
PERSONNEL, AND DO NOT USE THE PRODUCT
IN ITS DAMAGED STATE.
The label required in this regulation is shown at 1.
1
For USA
Optical pickup:
Type:
SF-W37S
Manufacturer: SANYO
Laser output: 1.5mW(Read), 74mW(White)
Wavelength: 783 nm
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Contents
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1 − Introductions
Thank you for purchasing the 24-track TASCAM
2488MKII Digital Portastudio. With this all-in-one digital
multitrack recorder, you can record, mix and master audio
on an 80GB hard disk and make audio and backup CDs
with the internal CD-RW drive.
About Copyright and Liability
This product is designed to help you record and reproduce
sound works to which you own the copyright, or where you
have obtained permission from the copyright holder or the
rightful licensor. Unless you own the copyright, or have
obtained the appropriate permission from the copyright
holder or the rightful licensor, your unauthorized record-
ing, reproduction or distribution thereof may result in
severe criminal penalties under copyright laws and inter-
national copyright treaties. If you are uncertain about your
rights, contact your legal advisor. Under no circumstances
will TEAC Corporation be responsible for the consequenc-
es of any illegal copying performed using the 2488MKII.
Before connecting and using the unit, please read this
User's Guide carefully before operating the unit. After you
have finished reading this manual, please keep it in a safe
place for future reference.
Main features of the 2488MKII
• 80GB hard disk
• Easy song management using multiple partitions
• 24-track digital recorder
• Records uncompressed audio at a sampling frequency of
44.1 kHz at 16 or 24 bit resolution
Windows, Windows XP, and Windows 2000 are trade-
marks of Microsoft Corporation. Macintosh, Mac OS, and
Mac OS X are trademarks of Apple Computer. All other
trademarks are the property of their respective holders.
• Simultaneously records up to 8 tracks and plays back up
to 24 tracks for mixing
TASCAM shall bear no liability if a user should experience
indirect damages (for example, the customer is unable to
realize a benefit for some reason) or secondary damages
(loss of recorded data, etc.) during the use of this unit.
• Stores up to 250 virtual tracks in each song
• Mixer with 24 playback track channels and 8 input channels
• 4 XLR mic inputs with phantom power
• High impedance inputs for guitar
• 3-band EQ and numerous internal effects for use on
every track and input channel
NOTE
Misuse or malfunction of the device may result in loss
of recorded data. We recommend that you back up
important data on a computer hard disk, CD-R/CD-RW
or other storage media.
• Internal CD-RW drive for burning discs
• Mic effects and multi-effect (for guitar) that can be used
as insert effects; single effect that can be used in an
effect loop
• MIDI Time Code and MIDI Clock synchronization possible
• Exchange WAV and SMF files with personal computers
Supplied accessories
In addition to this manual, the 2488MKII has been packed
with the following:
NOTE
We recommend that you keep the original box and
packing materials for transportation of this unit.
• AC power cable ...............................................................1
• Warranty card..................................................................1
Close the disc tray during transportation.
Contact your TASCAM supplier if any of these items
are missing.
Use with a personal computer
To import and export files and back up data, connect the
2488MKII to a personal computer using a USB connec-
tion. Data transmission occurs at high speed if the
computer connection and cable are USB 2.0 compatible.
Transmission occurs at a slower speed with equipment that
is only USB 1.1 compatible. Please see your computer’s
documentation for more information.
This unit can be connected to computers using one of the
following operating systems.
• Microsoft: Windows 2000, Windows XP
• Apple: Mac OS 9.2, Mac OS X 10.2 or later
NOTE
If you are using Mac OS 9.0x or 9.1x, we recommend
upgrading to OS 9.2 or later. Drivers are unnecessary.
The unit will appear as a removable disc.
We recommend using a cable designed for USB 2.0 to
assure accurate and fast transmission of data.
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1 − Introductions
About this User's Manual
This User's Manual is comprised of the following chapters.
This chapter explains the procedures for creating a stereo
master track after recording and the procedures for making
audio CDs using the internal CD recorder. It also covers
other CD recorder functions.
In addition to an overview of the unit and information
about CD-R/CD-RW discs and other features, this chapter
explains the structure of this User's Guide and describes
the conventions used in it. This chapter also includes
important notices about copyright and liability.
This chapter explains how to reformat the entire internal
hard disk or specific partitions.
Read this chapter before operation. This explains setup,
startup, shutdown, and other basic knowledge necessary to
use the unit.
This chapter explains file import and export. Audio data
files can be imported and exported between this unit's
internal hard disk and a connected personal computer, or
between the internal hard disk and a CD-R/CD-RW disc.
SMF files can also be imported.
This chapter explains the functions of the control keys and
knobs on the top panel of this unit, the connection jacks
and other parts.
This chapter explains backup and restoration of song data.
This unit can back up and save song data to CD-R/CD-RW
discs and connected computers. The data in these files can
later be restored to this unit for further use.
The example in this chapter explains the basic functions
needed to use the 2488MKII to make recordings.
This chapter explains the 2488MKII’s extensive mixer
functions, including input assignment, EQ and effect
sends, as well as scene memory and other functions that
are useful in regular operation.
This chapter explains the unit's tempo management
functions (tempo map, metronome) and MIDI functions
(synchronization, SMF playback, mixer/effect control).
This chapter explains the preference settings and how to
adjust them according to your project conditions.
This 2488MKII includes three types of digital effects –
mic insert effects, guitar insert effects, and a single effect
useful at mixdown. This chapter explains these effects and
how to use them in detail.
This section includes electrical and mechanical specifica-
tions and block and level diagrams.
The 2488MKII’s 24-track recorder has numerous advanced
functions, including mark points, auto punch recording
(including rehearsal functions), undo/redo and virtual
tracks. This chapter explains these recorder functions in
detail and how to use them.
This part provides additional information, including details
of MIDI messages used to control this unit and a list of
warning messages.
Manual conventions
In this manual, we use the following conventions:
• We use the term “soft switch” or “button” to describe
an on/off control on the display. Also note the differ-
ence between “disc” and “disk.” When we refer to a
disc, we are refer to a CD-R, CD-RW or pre-recorded
audio CD. A disk, on the other hand, refers to the
2488MKII’s internal hard disk drive, or that of a
connected computer.
• Controls and indicators on the 2488MKII are written
like this: HOME.
• Inputs and controls of other equipment are written like
this: AUX IN.
• Messages shown on the display are written like this:
Areyousure?.
• If a preset indicator (i.e. one which cannot change) is
shown, it is written like this: TEMPO.
• We use the term “key” to describe a push-button control
on the 2488MKII’s surface.
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1 − Introductions
Precautions and notes for placement and use
The 2488MKII may be used in most areas, but to maintain
top performance, and prolong operating life, observe the
following notes, precautions and environmental conditions:
• Relative humidity should be 30 to 80 percent.
• As the unit may become hot during operation, always
leave sufficient space above the unit for ventilation. Do
not install this unit in a confined space such as a book-
case, and do not put anything on top of the unit.
• Avoid installing this unit on top of any heat-generating
electrical device such as a power amplifier.
• Avoid exposing it to extremes of temperature and
humidity and avoid mechanical shocks and vibration.
• Keep the unit away from strong magnetic fields (TV
sets, computer monitors, large electric motors, etc.).
• The nominal temperature should be between 5°C and
35°C (41°F and 95°F).
• Make sure that the unit is mounted in a level position for
correct operation.
Handling of compact discs
The 2488MKII has been designed for the playback of
CD-DA (standard audio) format discs.
• Keep discs away from direct sunlight, and places of
high heat and humidity. If left in such places, warping
could result.
• Do not use any record spray, anti-static solutions,
benzene, paint thinner or other chemical agents to clean
CDs as they could damage the delicate playing surface.
It may cause CDs to become unplayable.
• Discs should be returned to their cases after use to avoid
dirt as well as serious scratches that could cause the
laser pickup to skip.
• Always place the compact discs in the trays with their
label facing upward.
• To remove a disc from its case, press down on the center
of the disc holder, then lift the disc out, holding it care-
fully by the edges.
• Do not affix any labels or stickers to the label side of the
disc and do not use any protective coating spray.
• Do not insert discs that have adhesive remaining from
tape or stickers that have been removed. If they are
inserted into the player, they could stick to the internal
mechanism, requiring removal by a technician.
• Do not use cracked discs.
• Avoid getting fingerprints on the signal side (the
non-label side). Grime and dust may cause skipping, so
keep discs clean and store them in their cases when not
being played. To clean the signal side of a disc, wipe
gently with a soft dry cloth from the center towards the
outside edge.
• Only use circular compact discs. Avoid using non-circu-
lar promotional, etc. discs.
Beware of condensation
If the unit (or a compact disc) is moved from a cold to a
warm place, or used after a sudden temperature change,
there is a danger of condensation; vapor in the air could
condense on the internal mechanism, making correct oper-
ation impossible. To prevent this, or if this occurs, let the
player sit for one or two hours at the new room temperature
before using.
Never use a stabilizer or printable discs
Using commercially available CD stabilizers or printable
recordable discs with this player will damage the mecha-
nism and cause it to malfunction.
CAUTION
Never use a disc that has had a stabilizer mounted to
it. The residual adhesive may cause the disc to stick to
the turntable of the 2488MKll. If it sticks to the turn-
table, you will need a technician to get it out.
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1 − Introductions
About CD-R and CD-RW discs
CD-R discs can be recorded once only. Once they
have been used for recording, they cannot be erased or
re-recorded. However, if space is available on the disc,
additional material can be recorded. The packaging of
CD-R discs will include one of the following logos:
• Always store CD-R and CD-RW discs in their cases to
avoid dirt and dust accumulating on their surfaces.
• When labeling CD-R and CD-RW discs, always use a
soft oil-based felt-tipped pen to write the information.
Never use a ball-point or hard-tipped pen, as this may
cause damage to the recorded side.
• Always keep the recording sides of the discs away from
grime and dust to avoid a reduction in sound quality.
To clean a disc, wipe gently with a soft dry cloth from
the center towards the outside edge. Do not use thinner,
gasoline, benzene or LP cleaning fluid, as these will
damage the disc and cause the disc unplayable.
• Do not put labels or protective sheets on the discs and
do not use any protective coating spray.
• If you are in any doubt as to the care and handling of a
CD-R and CD-RW discs, read the precautions supplied
with the disc, or contact the disc manufacturer directly.
By contrast, a CD-RW disc can be used in much the same
way as a CD-R disc, but the last track or tracks recorded
can be erased before the disc has been “finalized,” and the
space on the disc can be re- used for other recordings. The
packaging of CD-RW discs will include the logo one of the
following logos:
However, you should note that an audio CD created using
a CD-RW disc may not play back satisfactorily on every
audio CD player. It will, naturally, be playable on the
2488MKII. This is in no way a limitation of the 2488MKII
itself, but of the difference between the different types of
media and the methods used to read them.
There are precautions that you should take when handling
CD-R and CD-RW discs.
• Avoid touching the recording (non-label) side of a
disc on which you will be recording. Recording on
a disc requires a cleaner surface than playing back,
and fingerprints, grease, etc. can cause errors in the
recording process.
• CD-R and CD-RW discs are sensitive to the effects of
heat and ultraviolet rays. It is important that they are not
stored in a location where direct sunlight will fall on
them, and which is away from sources of heat such as
radiators or heat-generating electrical devices.
About finalizing
Although audio data may be written on a CD-R or CD-RW
disc, a standard CD player will not be able to read the data
(i.e. play back the audio) until a final *TOC has been writ-
ten at the start of the disc.
*TOC: Table of contents
Information of recorded data, which contains titles, starting
and ending addresses, and etc..
The process of writing this table of contents is known as
“finalizing.” Once this has been done, no further data can
be written to the disc. See “Finalizing the disc” on page 72
for details. In the case of a CD-RW disc which has been
finalized, the whole of the disc may be erased, or the disc
may be “refreshed,” and the disc re-used.
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2 − Setting up and basic knowledge
Setting up the 2488MKII
First, find a flat level surface for the 2488MKII which is
stable and cannot be jogged or jolted easily.
Plug in and turn on the 2488MKII. The power switch is on
the rear, by the power cord.
This should be a hard surface. Do not put the 2488MKII on
a carpet or furnishings, as this will block the airflow and
possibly cause overheating.
You should avoid moving the 2488MKII while it is
switched on.
Especially, you should never move it while the HD indica-
tor by the display is lit or flashing.
Leave a little space at the back of the 2488MKII to plug
and unplug microphones, etc.
Before switching on the 2488MKII, you should connect
the monitoring system (this term refers to the amplifier
and speakers and headphones that you will use to listen to
your recordings).
The display shows the following startup screen and the HD
(hard disk) indicator light blinks.
T I P
When you are recording electric guitars and basses,
etc., you can listen through speakers. When you are
recording using a microphone, this may cause acoustic
feedback, so you should use headphones at this time.
Most sound professionals recommend that you do
not use headphones for monitoring all the time,
even though they are very convenient and useful in
some circumstances.
Using the included power cord, connect this unit to a power
outlet, ensuring that it is the correct voltage for the unit.
After about 20 seconds, the 2488MKII will be ready and
the HD (hard disk) indicator stops flashing. Adjust the
display so that it is comfortable for you to read, using the
contrast control.
Connect the MONITOR OUT jacks on the rear panel to
your amplifier’s AUX inputs (or any inputs except those
designed for a record turntable). You will probably need a
pair of 1/4”-to-RCA cables for this.
NOTE
The 2488MKII outputs balanced signals from the mon-
itor outputs. If you have an amplifier with balanced
inputs, use balanced cables rather than unbalanced
cables here.
Plug a standard pair of headphones into the 1/4” PHONES
jack at the front left of the 2488MKII.
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2 − Setting up and basic knowledge
Shutdown
You should always use the SHUT DOWN key before turn-
2
Press the YES/ENTER key.
ing off the 2488MKII.
The HD indicator (orange) flashes as data is written
to the hard disk (the display also shows this process).
The 2488MKII contains a hard disk which is used to store
your song data. If you simply turn off the unit using the
power switch, there may be some data in the 2488MKII’s
memory which hasn’t been written to disk and you will there-
fore lose that data when you turn off the unit.
1
Press and hold down the SHUT DOWN key for two
or three second. The red indicator lights, and the
display shows an message Areyousure?.
When all data is written to the hard disk, the SHUT
DOWN indicator flashes red.
The display shows SHUTDOWNCOMPLETE.
3
Use the power switch at the rear of the 2488MKII
to turn off the unit.
Basic knowledge
Before using this unit, please read and understand the
fundamental principles explained in this section
Hard disk and partitions
This unit records audio data and other song information
on an 80GB internal hard disk that is divided into multiple
partitions. The so-called “FAT partition” is an 8GB parti-
tion in FAT-32 format dedicated to file exchange. This
partition is used to exchange files between the unit and
a computer connected by USB, and cannot be used for
recording or playback. This partition can only be accessed:
when using a USB connection for backup and restoration
operations, WAV file import and export, and SMF import.
sizes of these partitions are set when they are created.
The maximum number of TASCAM partitions is four (see
Choose the partition that you want to work in by using the
SELECT item in the DISK menu. The selected partition is
the “active” partition. Only one partition can be active at a
time. Inactive partitions cannot be accessed until you make
them active.
The rest of the hard disk is divided into multiple partitions
for storing songs. Since these partitions use TASCAM’s
own format, they are named “TASCAM partitions.” The
Selecting the active partition
Select a partition using these procedures.
1
With the transport stopped, press the MENU key.
The MENU screen appears.
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2 − Setting up and basic knowledge
2
Turn the JOG/DATA dial until the DISK item is
The partition list appears on the screen. The open
highlighted, and then press the YES/ENTER key.
space in each partition appears on the right.
The DISK menu appears.
4
Use the JOG/DATA dial until the partition you wish to
use is highlighted, and then press the YES/ENTER key.
3
Use the JOG/DATA dial until the SELECT item is
highlighted, and then press the YES/ENTER key.
The partition is now selected.
Songs
When using the 2488MKII, the term “song” refers to all
the data related to the recording, playback, editing, and
other work in a single project. Each song includes recorded
audio data, and a “playlist” (playback procedures for audio
data), track and mark point information, and settings for
the mixer, effects, MIDI, tempo and pitch control. This
information is never shared between different songs.
You must select a song by creating a new song, or loading an
existing song before you can do any work with the 2488MKII.
NOTE
When you change the active partition (see "Selecting
the active partition" on page 13) the most recently
used song in the newly active partition is loaded.
Each partition can contain a maximum of 250 songs, and
each song can be given a name.
Screen
ª Menu screen
ª Home screen
You make many of the settings for this unit from the menu
screen. With the transport stopped, press the MENU key to
display the MENU screen. Use the cursor keys or the JOG/
DATA dial to select the desired menu, and then press the
YES/ENTER key.
This screen shows the main information related to record-
ing. Press the HOME key to display the home screen, which
shows track levels, current song position, song name,
remaining recordable time (minutes) and other information.
NOTE
Some keys, including the transport keys, do not func-
tion when the MENU screen is shown.
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2 − Setting up and basic knowledge
ª Direct access screens
The keys listed below are keys dedicated to various func-
tions and many allow direct access to related screens.
Some of these keys, however, do not have dedicated
screens for editing. Please see the related section for each
function for details.
Some general notes on using the 2488MKII
ª Navigation
ª Changing values
To navigate inside the 2488MKII screens, use the
Use the JOG/DATA dial (we’ll just call it “the dial”) to
CURSOR keys to move the cursor.
increase or decrease values shown on the screen.
ª Titling
ª YES/ENTER key
With the SHIFT indicator lit, press the TITLE key to set
or edit the title of one of these objects. A pop-up appears
allowing you to edit the title:
To do an action, to enter a sub-menu or to answer “yes”
to a question. We will often refer to this as just the
YES/ENTER key.
Use the left and right cursor keys to move around inside
the title, and the dial to select a character at the cursor
position. Use the INSERT and DELETE keys to insert and
delete characters at the cursor position.
ª NO/EXIT key
To do the opposite of confirming (that is, to leave a screen
without performing an action, to go up a menu level, or to
answer “no” to a question). We will often refer to this as
just the NO/EXIT key.
You can also use the up and down cursor keys as “shift”
keys, allowing you to select between:
• CAPS—uppercase CAPITAL LETTERS
• small—lowercase small letters
• NUM—numbers
• WORD—you can use the dial to select from a range
of preset words (VERSE, CHORUS, etc.). The preset
words can be edited to meet your needs, as described in
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2 − Setting up and basic knowledge
SHIFT key
Many keys have two functions: the first is written in
normal (white) type, and the second is written under this in
white on a green background.
To access these second shifted functions:
1
Press the SHIFT key so that the indicator lights.
2
Press the key whose second function you want to
use. The SHIFT indicator goes out.
NOTE
As the 2488MKII is shipped from the factory, if you
press the SHIFT key and do not press another key
within a second or so, the SHIFT indicator goes out.
This prevents you from accessing unwanted functions
by accident. If you hold down the SHIFT key while you
are looking for the next key, it will stay on.
You can change this behavior so that the SHIFT key
becomes a non-latching key—that is, you have to
press and hold it while you are pressing the other
key, or a latching key that stays on until the other key
details of how to make this change.
Several shifted functions are not indicated on the panel.
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3 − Names and functions of the 2488MKII
Top panel
Mixdown section (Y-U)
O
Monitor section (u-p)
Routing section (I)
Access indicator section (d-f)
LCD display section (a-s)
Effects section (5-7)
Input channel section (1-4)
Utility section (g-l)
A
P
Transport section (^-))
Track mixer section (8-q)
Sub mixer section (w-r)
Mark/Title section (#-%)
Locate section (,-@)
Stereo bus section (t-y)
Channel section (v-m)
Screen operation section (;-c)
Input channel section
Controls for the 8 input channels (A–H). Input signals can
be assigned to the track mixer or sub mixer.
• To assign an input channel to a track channel or the sub
page 41).
1 PHANTOM switch
Turns phantom power for the XLR input jacks on input
channels A–D ON and OFF. Turn this switch ON when
connecting condenser mics that requires +48 V of
external power.
CAUTION
4 OL indicators
When the PHANTOM switch is ON, do not change the
connections for inputs A–D. Do not connect or discon-
nect mics with the phantom power turned ON.
These provide warnings about overloaded input levels.
If a channel's OL indicator turns red, turn its TRIM
knob counterclockwise to reduce the channel's gain.
2 TRIM knobs (A–H)
Adjusts gain of MIC/LINE input jacks. Turning clock-
wise raises gain (increases signal level).
3 INPUT keys (A–H)
Pressing the INPUT key of an input channel selects it as
an active channel and the key lights. An active channel
is affected by mixer functions and other operations.
These keys are also used for the following purposes.
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3 − Names and functions of the 2488MKII
Effects section
page 39 for details.
6 MICX4 key
Press this key to open the MIC EFFECT screen.
To assign a mic effect to an input or mixer channel,
press and hold down this key and then press the INPUT
or SELECT key of the desired channel.
5 MULTI (TUNER) key
Press this key to open the MULTI EFFECT screen.
To assign the multi-effect to an input or mixer channel,
press and hold down this key and then press the INPUT
or SELECT key of the desired channel.
Press this key and the MULTI (TUNER) key together to
change the active insert effect.
Press this key and the MICX4 key at the same time to
7 SINGLE key
change the active insert effect.
Press this key to open the SINGLE EFFECT screen.
Press this key with the SHIFT indicator lit to open the
TUNER screen. Press it again to close the TUNER screen.
Track mixer section
These controls allow up to 24 tracks of audio in the
0 MUTE/SOLO keys
2488MKII to be mixed. Mixer channel numbers correspond
to track numbers. Channels 13 to 24 are stereo track pairs.
With the SOLO indicator above and to the right of the
stereo fader unlit, these keys function as MUTE keys,
which silence the output of a channel when pressed.
( the keys light to show the track’s muted status (see
8 REC keys
These keys arm and disarm tracks for recording. When
ON, they will flash red when record ready and steadily
light red when recording.
When the SOLO indicator is lit, these keys function
9 SELECT keys
Pressing the SELECT key of a channel selects it as an
active channel, and the key lights. An active channel is
affected by mixer functions and other operations.
q Faders
Each fader adjusts the output level of its track (or track
pairs for 13/14 to 23/24).
These keys are also used for the following purposes.
Depending on the current 2488MKII settings, actual
levels and fader positions may not match (see “Fader
• To assign an input channel to a track channel (see
page 41).
Sub mixer section
These controls are for the sub mixer.
When the SOLO indicator is lit, this key functions as a
SOLO key and shows that the sub mixer is soloed when
w SELECT key
Press this key to open the SUB MIXER screen.
r SUB fader
This key is also used to assign inputs A–H to the sub
This fader adjusts the output level of the sub mix bus.
mixer, and to assign the sub mixer to the stereo bus.
e MUTE/SOLO key
This key functions in the same way for the sub mixer
as the track channel MUTE/SOLO keys do for channels
Stereo Bus section
STEREO DYNAMICS screen (see “Stereo dynamics”
t SELECT (DYNAMICS) key
Press this key to open the STEREO screen. Use this
screen to match internal fader levels with physical fader
positions and to make direct output settings (see “Stereo
y STEREO fader
This fader adjusts the output level of the stereo bus (and
hence the overall level of the mix when mastering).
Press this key with the SHIFT indicator lit to open the
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3 − Names and functions of the 2488MKII
Monitor Section
These controls adjust the output signal sent to the
PHONES output jack on the front panel and the MONITOR
36 for details.
mono monitoring (the monitor source indicator flash-
es). Press the unshifted MONITOR SOURCE (MONO)
key again to return to stereo monitoring.
o MUTE key
This key mutes and unmutes the MONITOR OUT
u MONITOR LEVEL knob
Adjusts the level of the output signal.
signal without affecting the headphone output.
i MONITOR SOURCE (MONO) key/indicator
p RECORD SOURCE MONITOR key
Pressing this key cycles through the monitor sources.
This key selects whether the input source signal is
monitored before or after it has passed through the track
The indicator lights next to the selected monitor source
(STEREO, SUB MIX, TO EFF LOOP, EFF SEND 1/2).
Pressing this key with the SHIFT indicator lit selects
LCD display section
a LCD display
s Contrast adjustment knob
The display shows various information and setting
This knob adjusts the display contrast.
screens for the operation of the 2488MKII.
Access indicator section
d MIDI indicator
f HD indicator
This indicator lights when MIDI messages are received
This indicator lights when data is being read from or
the MIDI IN jack.
written to the internal hard disk.
Utility section
These keys are used to access specific utility screens.
screen with the SHIFT indicator lit, but the selected
item will be different (see “UNDO and REDO” on
page 64).
g SCENE (NULL) key
Opens the SCENE LIBRARY screen (see “Scene
k MENU (TITLE) key
Opens the main MENU screen (see “Menu screen” on
page 14).
With the SHIFT indicator lit, opens the FADER NULL
Press this key with the SHIFT indicator lit to edit the
names of scenes, songs, marks, virtual tracks, effect
settings and other items.
h EDIT TRK (VIRT TRK) key
Opens the TRACK EDIT screen (see “About track edit-
l HOME key
With the SHIFT indicator lit, opens the VIRTUAL
TRACK ASSIGN screen (see “Virtual tracks” on
page 66).
Opens the home screen that shows track levels and
other information related to recording. Press this key
with the SHIFT indicator lit to clear the peak meter’s
held peak value (when KEEP mode is active).
j UNDO (REDO) key
Opens the UNDO/REDO screen. Opens the same
Screen operation section
This section is used to operate the various menus and other
screens that appear on the display. The JOG/DATA dial is
also used for transport jog operation (see “Some general
z Cursor keys
Move the on-screen cursor.
x YES/ENTER key
Use this key to execute functions, to enter a deeper
menu layer, and to answer “YES” to questions.
; JOG/DATA dial
Use the dial to choose items on menu screens and
change the values of items on other screens.
c NO/EXIT key
Use this key to prevent execution of a function, to
return to the previous menu layer, and to answer “NO”
to questions.
When the home screen is open, use the dial to jog the
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3 − Names and functions of the 2488MKII
Channel section
Opens screens for setting mixer channel functions.
n FADER/PAN key
Press this key to open the FADER/PAN screen of the
currently selected channel (input channel or track chan-
v EQ key
Press this key to open the EQ screen of the currently
selected channel (input channel, track channel or stereo
m SOLO key/indicator
Press this key to enter solo mode. When solo mode is
ON, the indicator lights, and the MUTE/SOLO keys in
b SEND key
Press this key to open the EFFECT SEND screen of the
currently selected channel (input channel or track chan-
Locate section
Use these keys to set and locate the edit points. See page 50
for details.
! FROM key
Press this key while holding down the LOCATE (SET)
key to set set the FROM point as the current transport
playback position.
, LOCATE (SET) key
Press this key by itself to open the MARK LIST screen
that shows mark points.
Press this key by itself to jump to the FROM point.
Press and hold this key and press the IN, OUT, FROM,
or TO key to set the point represented by that key as the
current playback position.
@ TO key
Press this key while holding down the LOCATE (SET)
key to set the the TO point as current transport play-
back position.
. IN key
Press this key by itself to jump to the TO point.
Press this key while holding down the LOCATE (SET)
key to set the IN point as the current transport play-
back position.
Press this key by itself to jump to the IN point.
/ OUT key
Press this key while holding down the LOCATE
(SET) key to set OUT point as the current transport
playback position.
Press this key by itself to jump to the OUT point.
Mark/Title section
Use these keys to set, erase and adjust marks (up to 999
per song), edit titles and add and remove check marks. See
% INSERT key
Press this key to create a mark at the transport play-
back position.
Use this key for other functions, including insert-
ing letters during title editing, selecting list entries,
and adding entries on the TEMPO MAP and TIME
SIGNATURE screens.
# DELETE key
Press this key to erase the mark just before the current
transport playback position.
Use this key for other functions, including erasing
letters during title editing, de-selecting list entries,
and erasing entries on the TEMPO MAP and TIME
SIGNATURE screens.
$ TRIM key
Press this key to open the TRIM screen to edit at the
mark position just before the current transport play-
back position.
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3 − Names and functions of the 2488MKII
Transport section
This section has keys for auto punch recording, repeat,
pitch control/SSA and other functions, and a jog mode
indicator light.
( JOG indicator
Lights when jog mode is active.
) PITCH/SSA key/indicator
Press this key to turn the varispeed function ON and
^ AUTO PUNCH key/indicator
Press this key to turn the auto punch mode ON and
OFF. The indicator lights when ON.
Hold down the key to open the PITCH/SSA screen,
where you can switch between normal pitch control and
SSA and make related settings (see “Varispeed opera-
& RHSL key/indicator
Press this key to turn the rehearsal mode ON and OFF.
Rehearsal is possible in auto punch mode as well as in
normal recording.
* REPEAT key/indicator
Press this key to turn the repeat mode ON and OFF.
If you press and hold this button, the REPEAT
INTERVAL screen opens where you can set this value
Transport keys
In addition to the ordinary operation of individual keys,
pushing these keys in combination allows a variety of addi-
R F FWD key
Press this key to skip to the next mark. Press and hold
this key to fast forward until you release the key.
Press this key while holding down the STOP key to
jump to the last recording start position and stop there.
Q RECORD key/indicator
Press this key and the PLAY key together when the
transport is stopped, to start recording. Press this key
during playback to start recording at any point.
T REW key
Press this key to skip to the previous mark. Press and
hold this key to rewind until you release the key.
If the RHSL indicator is lit, however, recording will not
actually occur.
Press this key while holding down the STOP key to
jump to the beginning of the song.
W PLAY key/indicator
Press this key when the transport is stopped to start
playback. Press this key and the RECORD key together
when the transport is stopped to drop into recording.
Press this key during recording to drop out of record-
ing, but continue playback.
Press this key while holding down the STOP key to
enter jog mode.
E STOP key
Press this key during playback or recording to stop
the transport.
Hold down this key and press the F FWD key to jump
to the last recording start position and stop there.
Hold down this key and press the REW key to jump to
the beginning of the song.
Hold down this key and press the PLAY key to enter jog mode.
Press this key when in jog mode to exit jog mode.
Mixdown section
Y BOUNCE key
Turns bounce mode ON and OFF.
U MASTER key
Use this key during mastering, to select the pre-master-
ing mode or master check mode (see “Pre-mastering”
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3 − Names and functions of the 2488MKII
Routing section
I QUICK ROUTING (MAP) key
Use to recall and save routing assignment settings (see
Press this key with the SHIFT indicator lit to open the
ROUTING MAP screen where you can see the status
of input channel assignments (see “Checking assing-
Other keys
O SHIFT key/indicator
A SHUT DOWN key
The shift function is operative when the indicator is lit.
Turns the 2488MKII unit off.
If you hold the SHUT DOWN key for 2 or 3 seconds,
a pop-up screen appears to confirm that you want to
shut down.
Use the GLOBAL screen of the PREFERENCE menu
Always use this key to shut down the unit. This unit
has an internal hard disk, and it is necessary to save the
song data on the hard disk before turning the power off.
P CLICK key/indicator
Turns the metronome click output ON and OFF. When
ON, the unit will provide a click according to the
METRONOME screen setting (see “Metronome” on
page 87).
For this reason, always use this key to conduct shut
down when you want to turn the unit off (see “Shut
Press and hold this key to open the FREE
METRONOME screen.
Front panel
1
23 4
5
6
1�PHONES jack
4�GUITAR INPUT (H) jack
Connect stereo headphones here to listen to the moni-
tor output.
This is a guitar input jack for input H.
Connect a guitar (or bass) with a high impedance pickup.
2�PUNCH jack
5�Disc tray
Connect a TASCAM RC-30P or other foot pedal to
control punch in and punch out.
For CD-R and CD-RW discs.
6�Eject button
3�EXPRESSION jack
Use to open and close the disc tray.
Do not press this button when the drive is in operation.
Connect a BOSS EV-5 or other foot volume pedal to
control internal effect parameters (see “Editing the
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3 − Names and functions of the 2488MKII
Rear panel
1
q
0
w
2
3
567 8
4
9
1�POWER switch
0 MIC/LINE (A–D) jacks
Turn the 2488MKII power ON and OFF. Follow shut
down procedures before turning power OFF (see “Shut
Analog input jacks for inputs A–D. These balanced jacks
accept both XLR connectors and standard 1/4" plugs.
q MIC/LINE (E–H) jacks
2�~ IN jack
Analog input jacks for inputs E–H. These balanced
Connect the included power cord.
jacks accept standard 1/4" plugs.
3�MIDI OUT jack
w USB port
Sends Program Change and Control Change, MMC
commands, realtime messages (such as MTC),
common messages and other MIDI messages to
connected MIDI devices.
Use this port to connect the 2488MKII to a computer
using USB to exchange files, including audio files and
settings, with an attached computer.
4�MIDI IN jack
Receives Program Change and Control Change messag-
es, MMC commands and other MIDI commands and
messages, from connected MIDI devices.
5�DIGITAL IN jack
Use this jack to receive an S/PDIF digital audio signal,
which can then be used as a pair of channel inputs (see
6�DIGITAL OUT jack
Outputs the stereo bus signal as an S/PDIF format digi-
tal audio signal.
7�MONITOR OUT (L, R) jacks
Outputs the signal selected in the top panel monitor
section through these standard balanced 1/4" jacks.
8�STEREO OUT (L, R) jacks
Outputs stereo bus signal.
9�EFFECT SENDS (1, 2) jacks
Output effect sends signals 1 and 2.
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4 − Recording
Setting up your first song
This example shows how to record a rhythm guitar, followed
by recording an accompanying lead guitar. This is a simple
recording, but the same procedures also apply to more
complicated recordings, so please read this section carefully.
New song
To make sure we start with a “clean slate,” we will create a
new song.
3
In the CREATE screen, press the SHIFT key fol-
lowed by the TITLE key to enter titling mode.
T I P
The 2488MKII is shipped from the factory with a
new song ready for you to record. However, if the
2488MKII has been used before, it will automatically
load the last song that was worked on, and you may
need to follow these instructions to create a new
song. Normally, though, this will not be needed.
4
Use the dial and the cursor keys to give the song a
name up to 12 characters in length (see “Titling”
After confirming the song title, the CREATE
screen reappears.
1
Press the MENU key and the MENU screen
appears. Use the cursor keys or the JOG/DATA dial
to select SONG, and press YES/ENTER.
5
On the CREATE screen, press YES/ENTER.
2
In the SONG menu, use the cursor keys or the JOG/
DATA dial to select CREATE, and press YES/ENTER.
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4 − Recording
Setting the tempo
The 2488MKII has an internal metronome that can play a
click according to the metronome settings or tempo map
settings. The initial setting is a simple metronome mode
(free metronome mode).
Use the following procedures to set the metronome to 2/4
time with a tempo of = 100.
1
Press and hold the CLICK key. The CLICK indica-
tor lights orange and the FREE METRONOME
screen appears.
2
Use the cursor keys or JOG/DATA dial to make the
settings below.
TEMPO œ 100
TIME SIG. œ 2/4
3
Press the HOME key to return to the home screen.
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4 − Recording
Making the first recording
We assume that you’re recording the rhythm guitar to start
with, and that you will be recording it on track 1.
Input H is special on the 2488MKII—it is duplicated at the
front of the 2488MKII with an input for electric guitars
and basses (active guitars and basses should use a 1/4”
LINE jack at the rear of the unit). Only use this front input
jack for passive electric guitars and basses and do not plug
these instruments into any other jacks.
Note that inputs on the 2488MKII are lettered from A
through H. Tracks are numbered from 1 through 24.
Recording the guitar
1
Plug the guitar into the GUITAR [H] input on the
front of the 2488MKII. Then plug a pair of head-
phones into the PHONES jack on the front panel.
4
5
6
Press the REC key of track 1. It starts to flash.
Set both fader 1 and the STEREO fader to the 0 position.
2
Play the guitar, and adjust the level using TRIM
control H so that when you play a loud note, the OL
indicator above the INPUT-H key lights very briefly.
Then turn the TRIM counterclockwise a little to set
the appropriate level.
If you want to tune the guitar using the 2488MKII,
Confirm that the MONITOR SOURCE is set to
STEREO, and use the MONITOR LEVEL knob to
adjust the monitor level. You can also monitor in
3
Press and hold the INPUT-H key so that it starts to
flash. While holding it down, press the SELECT key
of channel 1. Now both these keys will flash.
7
After pressing the INPUT-H key, press the EQ key
and adjust the guitar tone. The sound you hear is
the sound that will be recorded.
Now release both keys. They will both be lit. This
means that input H is now assigned to track 1.
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4 − Recording
8
Use the cursor keys and the dial to move around the
display and change values. The settings are shown
as numbers and as a graph.
11 To return to the zero position, where your song
began, press and hold the STOP key, and press the
REW key (marked as RTZ—“return to zero”).
Use the on-screen SW on the left side of the display (or
use SHIFT and YES/ENTER to turn the EQ on, and
use SHIFT and NO/EXIT to turn the EQ off) to com-
pare the sound with and without the equalization.
12 When you’ve finished recording, press channel 1’s
REC key to safe the track.
9
Press and hold down the RECORD key and press
the PLAY key. The PLAY and RECORD indicators
above the transport keys both light, and the REC
key of track 1 lights solidly.
If you want to rehearse while listening to a metro-
nome click before recording, press the RHSL key to
enter rehearsal mode before conducting the above
operation. In rehearsal mode, if you press the PLAY
key while pressing the RECORD key, a recording
rehearsal starts and you can hear the metronome
click without actually recording.
13 Press the CLICK key and the indicator goes out.
14 Press the PLAY key and listen to the recorded
sound. To re-record press the REC key for track 1
again and repeat from step 9.
10 The metronome you set up earlier starts to play,
and you can play your rhythm part along with it,
recording as you go. Press the STOP key when you
are finished.
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4 − Recording
Lead line
Now we can record the lead guitar line. We will add an effect
to the lead guitar to make it sound a little more interesting.
6
Press the MULTI key again to bring up the MULTI
EFFECT screen.
T I P
You can also perform audio edits, cutting, copying
and pasting between tracks, etc. to correct small mis-
takes. These operations are explained in “Track edit-
1
Press the channel 2 SELECT key while pressing and
holding the INPUT-H key to assign guitar input (H)
to track 2.
7
Press YES/ENTER to show the library choices, move
the cursor to PRESET to select the preset multi-
effect library.
Use the dial to select the preset multi effect. See
more about using the effects.
Press the YES/ENTER key to load the multi effect.
2
Press the REC key for track 2 to arm that track for
recording. The REC key starts to flash, showing
that it is ready to record.
3
4
Set fader 2 to the standard position (0).
8
Press and hold the RECORD key, and then press the
PLAY key to start recording track 2.
Start song playback, and use fader 1 to adjust the
level of the previously recorded track.
9
When finished recording, press the track 2 REC key
and the light goes out.
5
Press and hold the MULTI key, and press the
INPUT-H key to assign the multi-effect to the guitar
input (H).
Congratulations!
By now you should be familiar with the basic concepts of
the 2488MKII: how the inputs and channels work together;
how the mixer controls are accessed and operated, how
recording and playback take place, and a little about the
location and effect facilities provided by the 2488MKII.
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5 − Mixer
Inputs and assignments
The 2488MKII mixer is equipped with 8 inputs (A–H), 24
playback tracks, and 2 effect returns for a total of 34 chan-
nels. 4 of the 8 inputs (A–D) have combined MIC/LINE inputs
that can accept both XLR jacks and standard 1/4” TRS jacks.
These can also supply +48 V phantom power. Inputs E–H are
standard balanced 1/4” jack MIC/LINE inputs.
ª Assignment to a stereo track
Tracks 13–24 form six stereo tracks (13-14, 15-16, 17-18,
19-20, 21-22, 23-24) with each stereo track being controlled
by a single fader. Stereo tracks are always recorded as a pair.
Recording on only one channel of the pair is impossible.
• When assigning a linked input channel pair to a stereo
track each input is assigned to a separate track.
Example: assignment of inputs A and B to tracks 13 and 14
A œ 13, B œ 14
WARNING
Never connect microphones to inputs A through D, or
disconnect microphones from these inputs with phan-
tom power turned on.
• When assigning a single input channel to a stereo track,
the same input is assigned to both tracks.
Example: assignment of input A to tracks 13 and 14
A œ 13, 14
Never use unbalanced dynamic microphones with
microphone inputs A through D with phantom power
turned on. If you are in any doubt, consult your local
audio expert.
Always turn this switch OFF when connecting devices
that do not need + 48 V external power to the XLR jacks.
• After a single input channel has been assigned to a
stereo track, if a separate input channel is assigned to
the same stereo track, the new channel is assigned to the
second track of the pair, resulting in each channel being
assigned to a separate track.
Example: Input A is assigned to tracks 13 and 14 (A œ13,
14), then, input C is assigned to the same pair of tracks.
A œ 13, C œ14
An unbalanced “mirror” of H, with an impedance suitable
for electric guitars and basses, is provided at the front of
the unit.
It is possible to record up to eight tracks at one time, with
the inputs being freely assignable to the tracks.
Assigning inputs is carried out by pressing and holding
the appropriate input key below the TRIM controls (the
key flashes), and then pressing the appropriate channel
SELECT key(s) which will also flash. It is also possible to
reverse the order (press and hold a channel’s SELECT key
and press the appropriate input key).
NOTE
By pressing multiple SELECT keys while pressing and
holding the INPUT key, a single input can be assigned
to multiple tracks.
Multiple inputs cannot be assigned to the same track.
This shows an instrument (guitar or bass) plugged into
input H being assigned to channel 1.
Digital input assignment
The stereo digital signal input through the DIGITAL IN
jack on the rear panel can be set as the source for any input
channel pair (A–B, C–D, E–F or G–H), replacing an analog
MIC/LINE input pair. This setting is made on the MIXER
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5 − Mixer
Checking assignments
When either an input key (or channel SELECT key) is
pressed and held down it flashes, together with the chan-
nel (or input key) to which it has been assigned. Also, if the
SHIFT key is pressed, followed by the MAP key, a screen is
shown with the current assignments.
The eight inputs are represented by horizontal lines, which
are joined to the channel labels at the bottom of the screen
by vertical lines when they are assigned to the channels.
Use the Ó/Á cursor keys to change between viewing
channels 1 through 12, and 13 through 24.
Breaking assignments
way as for single channels. Pressing one SELECT key
of a linked channel pair is typically the same as press-
ing both together.
If an input or channel SELECT key is held down, the
assigned CHANNEL (or INPUT) key flashes. Press the
other key to break the assignment.
NOTE
Assigning and unassigning linked channels (see “Link-
ing channels” on page 33) works in much the same
Saving and loading assignments (QUICK ROUTING)
Recording, bounce, and mixdown routing assignment
settings can all be saved for easy setup to match your
recording system and environment.
1
Press the QUICK ROUTING key to bring up the
screen shown here.
2
Use the dial (or §/¶ cursor keys) to select the
settings to be loaded, or the destination for the
current routing assignment settings.
3
4
Use the Ó/Á cursor keys to select LOAD or SAVE.
Press YES/ENTER. The routing assignments are
either stored or loaded. The home screen briefly
shows Saveroutingor Loadrouting.
NOTE
When bounce routing settings (BOUNCE) are loaded,
2488MKII automatically enters bounce mode.
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5 − Mixer
Channel functions
In this section, we explain the channel functions of the
2488MKII’s mixer. The recorder track channels (1–24) and
input channels have similar functions, so we explain them
together as channel functions. Stereo bus functions are
Track channels and input channels
Each of the 24 channels provides the following facilities:
Like the 24 track channels, the eight inputs are provided
with phase, digital pad/gain, EQ, effect sends, etc. They
are not provided with physical faders, but the output
from these “extra channels” can be adjusted on-screen.
Although these settings can be made at any time, they are
only effective when the inputs have been assigned to the
• Digital pad/gain
• 3-band parametric EQ
• Effect sends
• Phase reversal switch
• Pan-pots
• A physical fader (which may be overridden by an
internal “virtual fader”)
• A mute key
• Solo facilities
EQ
Press the EQ key to display the EQ screen for the current
channel. To change the channel, press the INPUT key or
SELECT key of the desired channel.
ª EQ
Set the three-band equalization for each channel using the
same screen as the digital pad/gain (see above). On the
2488MKII channels, you can adjust the gain (the amount
that the signal is cut and boosted) by ±12 dB, and the
frequency (high or low) affected by the equalization in
three bands. The frequencies are (in Hz):
Low (L) 32 — 1.6k
Mid (M) 32 — 18k
High (H) 1.7k — 18k
Note that the frequencies are set in discrete steps; it is
not possible to set the center frequencies to intermediate
values. In addition, you can adjust the “Q” (the width of the
effect) in the center band from 0.25 to 16.
ª Digital pad/gain
T I P
Press the channel’s SELECT key, followed by the EQ key
(this order can be reversed). Use the cursor keys to navi-
gate to the PAD/GAIN area, and set the value to between –42
and +6 dB.
“Q” is defined as the center frequency of the equaliza-
tion band divided by the bandwidth. A high Q value
provides narrow filtering.
As you adjust the equalization, the graph at the bottom of
the screen changes to provide an idea of how the equaliza-
tion affects the signals.
This is usually set at 0 dB, but when boosting EQ, we recom-
mend that you lower the gain to prevent digital clipping.
Use this to add volume to a quiet instrument or to remove
excess volume from a loud one. When a channel’s EQ
screen is shown, simply pressing the SELECT key of
another channel will show the EQ screen for that channel.
T I P
With the SHIFT indicator lit, press the EQ key to restore
all channel EQ parameters to their initial settings.
There is also an on/off soft switch provided at the upper
left of the screen to allow A/B comparison of the equal-
ized and unequalized signals. With the SHIFT indicator lit,
press YES/ENTER to turn it on, and NO/EXIT to turn it off
(you can also use the cursor).
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5 − Mixer
Effect send
There is one stereo “loop” send (using the internal
effects) in addition two effect sends (using the external
EFFECT SENDS jacks) for each channel. Please see
“Single effect” on page 42 for details about the use of the
internal single effect.
For each effect send, there is a soft switch at the left side
of the screen. Use the dial to set this switch either OFF or
POST (post-fader) or PRE (pre-fader).
T I P
“Pre-fader” means that the channel fader does not
affect the level of the effect send, as opposed to
“post-fader” where the effect send level is affected
by the channel fader setting.
Press the channel’s SELECT key, followed by the SEND
key (this order can be reversed).
Set the level of each channel send (LVL) from 0 to 127. This
screen also allows the master send level (MSTR) to be set
(again from 0 to 127).
Fader/pan
Press the FADER/PAN key to display the FADER/PAN
screen for the current channel. To change the channel,
press the INPUT key or SELECT key of the channel to
change to.
T I P
With the SHIFT indicator lit, press the PAN key to reset
the highlighted channel’s pan position to the center.
In the case of linked channels, the pan position both
of the highlighted channel and the channel to which it
is linked will be centered.
ª Faders
PHASE
PAN
The on-screen track channel faders are for display only.
The input channel faders adjust the levels of the signals
sent to the sub mix bus. Select then with the cursor and use
the JOG/DATA dial to set them.
The minimum fader value as shown on screen is 0 (full
cut), and the full level is 127. A level of 100 corresponds to
the “unity gain” position of 0 dB.
Use this screen to make pan, phase and fader setting for
four channels at a time on this screen (linked channels still
count as two channels here).
In the initial preference settings, the positions of the physi-
cal faders on the top panel and the actual fader levels
(internal fader values) always correspond, but different
fader matching settings may cause the positions and actual
values to differ.
ª Phase
Use this to correct miswired microphones, etc. Out-of-
phase sources can result in unnatural EQ and a “hole in
the middle” stereo effect. The phase symbol (Ø) shows the
current status of the channel: either normal (N) or reversed
(R). Use the cursor keys and dial to change these settings.
In this case, the Ó next to the fader icon on screen shows
the internal fader position (when the internal fader and
physical fader values are equal, no Ó appears).
page 37 for details.
ª Pan
Use PAN parameters to set the stereo position.
In the track channels, this parameter sets the pan positions
of the signals sent to the stereo bus. In the input channels,
it sets the pan positions of signals sent to the sub mix bus.
Full left (“hard left”) is represented by L63, and hard right
by R63. The center position, where the signal is sent equal-
ly to the left and right is represented by C.
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5 − Mixer
Mute
The MUTE keys for each channel also serve as solo keys
When a channel’s MUTE key is pressed (when soloing is
not active), the orange indicator lights, and the sound from
that channel is not sent to the stereo bus. The channel’s
recording source is also muted.
Linking channels
Adjacent track channels and input channels can be
linked. By linking channels, the parameters of 2 channels
(usually the left and right channels of a stereo pair) can be
controlled simultaneously.
When track channels are linked, the following parameters
can be controlled simultaneously:
• Faders (the left fader of the linked pair controls the
levels for both channels)
A linked pair can be formed with an odd-numbered chan-
nel and the even-numbered channel immediately to its
right. For example, channel 1 can be linked with channel 2,
and channel 5 can be linked with channel 6.
• EQ
• Digital pad/gain
• Effect send levels and pre/post selection
When input channels are linked, the following parameters
can be controlled simultaneously.
To create a link, press and hold the SELECT key (or the
INPUT key) of one of the channels that you want to link
and then press the SELECT key (or the INPUT key) of the
other channel.
• Internal fader values
• EQ
To cancel the link, follow the same procedures. Press and
hold the SELECT key (or the INPUT key) of one of the
channels and then press the SELECT key (or the INPUT
key) of the other channel.
• Digital pad/gain
• Effect send levels and pre/post selection
Stereo bus functions
The stereo bus may be thought of as a special permanently-
linked pair of channels. The output from this bus can be
monitored as the STEREO selection (see “Monitoring” on
page 36) and is also as the source for mastering and rendering
At the final mastering stage, it is possible to add equaliza-
tion and dynamics to the stereo bus.
Stereo EQ
Like the ordinary channels, the stereo bus has three-band
equalization, with sweepable center frequencies, and vari-
able Q for the midrange.
2
Press the EQ key:
To access this;
1
Press the SELECT key.
3
Use the cursor keys and dial to select and adjust
the EQ parameters for the stereo bus. See “EQ” on
page 31 for information about setting methods, etc.
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Stereo dynamics
The stereo bus has a stereo dynamics processor (compres-
sor or expander) available.
2
Press the YES/ENTER key. The DYNAMICS
LIBRARY screen appears.
1
With the SHIFT indicator lit, press the SELECT key.
The STEREO DYNAMICS screen appears.
3
Use the Ó/Á cursor keys to select preset setting
(PRESET) or the user setting (USER).
The PRESET category contains factory preset
settings, while USER can be used to save and recall
custom settings.
4
5
Use the dial to select library entries
Press YES/ENTER to load the entry.
The STEREO DYNAMICS screen reappears, and
the selected preset parameters appear.
6
Use the cursor keys and dial to select and adjust the
parameters for the effect. Note that the last param-
eter is an on/off switch. When set to off, the dynam-
ics processor is bypassed.
Stereo fader
Press the STEREO key to open the screen below.
As with the channel fader screen, the on-screen fader
cannot be used to make adjustments. Also note that the
internal fader value and the top panel physical fader posi-
In this case, the LVL value corresponds to the physical fader
level, and INT gives the internal virtual fader value (as
marked by the triangular symbol beside the on-screen fader).
In both cases, 0 is full cut, 127 is full up, and 100 is the
unity gain value.
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5 − Mixer
Direct output
A pair of tracks can be routed for direct output through the
NOTE
analog STEREO OUT jacks (and the DIGITAL OUT).
The direct output signal is a track playback signal that
does not pass through the mixer channel. EQ, insert
effects, the channel fader and the stereo fader all
become ineffective.
While the above screen is shown, if you use the JOG/DATA
dial to select linked or paired tracks (1/2–23/24), the track
signal bypasses the mixer and stereo faders and is output
directly from the STEREO OUT jacks. Usually this func-
tion is OFF.
Sub mixer
This shows the current assignment of inputs to the sub
mixer, and the current assignment of the sub mixer output.
You can also adjust the level of the sub mix bus output
using the SUB fader in sub mixer section.
NOTE
The 2488MKII has a track bounce function. This func-
tion allows you to choose and mix multiple previously
recorded track signals and record them to another
When you use this function, the bounce source track
signal is sent to the sub mix bus, and this sub mix bus
signal is then sent to the bounce destination track.
The 2488MKII sub mixer facility allows you to add up
to eight more inputs (usually on mixdown) to the twenty-
four tracks already recorded. These could be inputs from
a multi-timbral MIDI device, synchronized using MIDI
clock information from the 2488MKII driving a sequencer.
The eight inputs from A through H are pressed into service
here and they feed a bus that can be routed to the stereo
bus (or to the recorder in bounce mix—see “Making a
When using this, the sub mix bus assignment destina-
tion is set to REC in the SUB MIXER screen shown above.
1
To assign an input to the sub mixer, while press-
ing and holding its INPUT key, press the sub mixer
channel’s SELECT key.
2
3
Repeat this process for all inputs to be assigned to
the sub mixer.
While pressing and holding the sub mixer
section SELECT key, press the STEREO section’s
SELECT key.
Finally, assign the sub mixer itself to the stereo bus.
To see the sub mixer status, press the sub mixer
section SELECT key to show the SUB MIXER screen:
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5 − Mixer
Monitoring
Monitoring is a vital part of the whole recording and
mastering process. The 2488MKII provides stereo moni-
toring facilities through an external amplifier/speakers
combination, as well as headphones. The level for these
two monitoring systems is set using the MONITOR LEVEL
control. This monitoring level is affected by the level from
the STEREO fader, but does not affect the level of the
stereo bus.
Monitor selection
As well as the stereo bus, it is possible to monitor the sub
the two effect sends (one in each channel), which are all
shown by indicators; as well as turning off the monitoring,
when no indicator is lit.
Monitoring the loop and effect sends is useful when you
want to check the exact mix (as created by the effect sends)
of the signals being sent to the effects. Use the MONITOR
SELECT key to cycle through the selections.
Mono monitoring
Typically monitoring is carried out in stereo, echoing the
stereo bus. However, there may be times when you want to
check what the mix sounds like in mono.
While the monitoring is in mono, the appropriate monitor
selection indicator flashes. Use the MONITOR SOURCE
key to turn off mono monitoring.
When you want to monitor in mono, press the MONITOR
SOURCE (MONO) key while the SHIFT indicator is lit.
Record source monitoring
Using the 2488MKII, you can apply input channel EQ
and insert effects as you record the input channel signal
(recording source). The sound that you hear on your head-
phones or monitoring speakers, though, will ordinarily also
have track mixer EQ and insert effects applied. This allows
you to listen to the signal as it will sound during future
playback (that is, with track mixer EQ and insert effects
applied) while you are recording.
Moreover, to make it easy to monitor the recording source,
you can always use the track mixer pan-pots and faders to
change the stereo position and volume as needed (this will
not affect the recorded signal).
NOTE
Even when the recording source monitoring function
is ON, track mixer EQ and insert effects are applied to
the playback signals of already recorded tracks.
However, there may be times when you want to hear the
signal that you are actually recording to the hard disk (the
recording source).
To use this function, just press the RECORDING SOURCE
MONITOR key. The indicator lights when recording source
monitoring is in operation.
If you turn the recording source monitor function ON, track
mixer EQ and insert effects are not applied to the record-
ing source during recording. This allows you to listen to the
sound of just the input channel EQ and insert effects.
Monitor muting
Mute the monitor output by pressing the monitor section
MUTE key so that indicator lights. The headphone output
is not muted. This function is convenient when you want to
silence the monitor speaker output temporarily because, for
example, you want to listen with headphones for a moment
or the phone rings.
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5 − Mixer
Soloing and toggle
If you press the SOLO key to the upper right of the
STEREO fader, the indicator lights and solo mode acti-
vates. In solo mode, the track channel MUTE/SOLO keys
function as SOLO keys, allowing you to monitor just the
track channel signals of your choice.
Muted channels cannot be soloed or unmuted while solo
mode is active.
When soloing channels, the solo is “in-place.,” mean-
ing that faders, pan controls, EQ, etc. affect the soloed
sound, and channels other than those with their SOLO keys
pressed are muted.
The MUTE/SOLO keys of any soloed channels flash while
being soloed.
Scene memories
The 2488MKII can store and recall up to 100 scene memo-
ries. Each memory stores all the digital parameters for:
• Digital pad/gain
• Fader settings (including the STEREO fader)
• Sub-mixer settings
• Input assignment
• EQ settings
NOTE
• Effect settings and assignment (assignment and param-
eters for both internal effects units)
• Effect send and loop levels
• Pan-pots
Monitor settings and TRIM control settings are not
stored as part of a scene.
Scene recall
Follow these procedures to recall a scene.
recalled internal fader values and the physical fader posi-
tions may not match.* For this reason, audio levels may
change suddenly after recalling a scene. Remember to turn
down the output volume when recalling scenes to avoid
sudden changes in volume.
1
Press the SCENE key to open the SCENE
LIBRARY screen.
*In the factory fader matching setting, the internal fader
values always match physical fader positions.
NOTE
If the fader matching setting is changed from the
factory setting, the following cases may also cause
the internal fader values and physical fader values not
to match:
•If a different song is recalled.
•If external MIDI fader control is used.
•If a physical fader position is changed while the
unit's power is OFF.
2
3
4
Use the ˙ cursor key to select LOAD.
Select the scene that you want to recall.
Press the YES/ENTER key to recall the scene.
ª Fader matching
If the fader matching mode is not changed from its factory
settings, then the physical fader positions will always show
the actual fader levels (internal fader values) when you use
the 2488MKII. In this setting, however, fader data is not
recalled with scenes.
ª Internal faders and physical faders
If the fader matching mode (described below) is changed
from the factory setting, when a scene is recalled, the
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5 − Mixer
If the fader matching setting is changed from the factory
setting REAL, to JUMP or CATCH as described below,
then fader data will be recalled together with scenes.
Immediately after recall, though, the physical fader posi-
tions may not match the internal fader values and the
initial effect of a moving a physical fader then depends on
the fader matching mode.
This screen shows the current physical fader positions. The Ó
symbols next to the fader icons show internal fader positions.
When a physical fader position and internal fader position
are not matched, a ¶ or § will appear above the fader
icon. These triangles indicate whether a physical fader
needs to be (raised § or lowered ¶ to) match its internal
fader position.
Change the fader matching setting with the FADER
MATCHING item on the MIXER screen of the
PREFERENCE menu. Choose one of the following three
When a physical fader position and its internal fader posi-
tion are matched, no symbol appears above the fader icon.
NOTE
The FADER NULL screen is only for matching physical
faders with internal fader positions. While this screen
is open, moving the physical faders will not change
the actual fader levels (internal fader values and the
fader matching mode has no effect).
REAL mode (factory setting):
The internal faders are always controlled by the physical faders.
In other words, the internal faders and physical faders are
always matched. Scene recall does not recall fader values,
and MIDI cannot be used to control faders.
JUMP mode:
The moment a physical fader is moved, it takes control of
the level, sending its value to the internal fader.
CATCH mode:
The moment a physical fader reaches the value equal to the
current internal fader value, it takes control of the level.
ª Matching the physical faders with
internal fader values
Use the FADER NULL screen to match physical fader
positions with recalled internal fader values.
With the SHIFT indicator lit, press the SCENE (NULL) key
to open the FADER NULL screen.
Saving scenes
Save your current settings (scene) to the library using the
following procedures.
4
5
If you selected “New Scene,” press the SHIFT key
and press the MENU (TITLE) key to open the title
input pop-up screen where you can input the scene
1
2
3
Press the SCENE key to open the scene library screen.
Use the ¥ cursor key to select SAVE.
Press the YES/ENTER key to save the current scene.
Use the JOG/DATA dial to select the destination
for saving. If you choose a destination that already
contains scene data, you will overwrite it. To create
new scene data, select “New Scene.”
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6 − Effects
This chapter explains the built-in insert effects that can
be applied to individual mic and guitar inputs and the
mixdown/mastering effects (single effect).
These library effects are also available for use in other
songs even on difference disk partitions.
Whether or not the parameters are stored in a library entry,
effect assignments and parameters are always stored as
part of a song.
In addition to insert effects and single effects, this unit also
has a built-in dynamics processor for the stereo bus. Please
NOTE
Depending on the mode, insert effects can be used as
either four mic effects and one multi-effect (guitar effect)
or as eight mic effects.
The 2488MKII and the original 2488 use different
library data formats that are not compatible. You
cannot transfer effect setting between the two differ-
ent types of unit.
Single effects can be used for internal effect loops (see
The parameters of the effects may be edited and stored
in libraries allowing the same effect setting to be used on
multiple tracks or used in different parts of the same project.
Settings insert effect modes
There are 2 insert effect modes.
To change the current mode, press the MULTI and MICX4
keys simultaneously.
MIC X4 mode 4 mic effects and the multi-effect can be
used in this mode.
After selecting the insert effect mode, assign it to an input
MIC X8 mode 8 mic effects can be used in this mode.
T I P
CAUTION
You can check which mode you are in at any time by
pressing the MULTI key or MICX4 key. If only the key
that you press flashes, the current mode is MIC X4
mode. If both the MULTI and MICX4 keys flash, then
the current mode is MIC X8 mode.
When you change from MIC X4 mode to MIC X8 mode,
the multi-effect assignment is cancelled, but the mic
effect assignments are kept.
When you change from MIC X8 mode to MIC X 4
mode, all the mic effect assignments are cancelled.
Mic effects
MIC X 4 Select four mic effects and the multi-effect by
pressing the MICX4 EFFECT key. If the eight mic effects
setting has previously been selected, the mic effect assign-
ments already made are unassigned.
If the four mic effects + multi-effect setting is already
selected, the multi-effect is unassigned, and the four mic
effect assignments are left in place.
To “unlink” these two keys, press and hold them together again.
MIC X 8 Select eight mic effects by using the MULTI and
MICX4 keys (MICX8) located above the channels. Press
and hold one of these keys and then press the other one.
Assigning mic effects
Assigning input channels and track channels is similar to
the way that channels are assigned to inputs.
A stereo track channel pair (13-14 through 23-24) counts as
two channels. In other words, in MICX8 mode, mic effects
can be assigned to up to four stereo channels (equivalent to
eight mono channels).
In other words, pressing and holding the MICX4 key
(whether four or eight mic effects are selected) and press-
ing a channel INPUT or SELECT key assigns the mic effect
to that channel.
Unassigning works the same way.
If all available mic effects are being used, attempting to
assign one to another input channel or track channel has no
effect. You must free up (unassign) effects on some inputs
or channels to allow new ones to be assigned.
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6 − Effects
Selecting mic effects
1
When the MICX4 key is pressed (regardless of
whether eight or four mic effects have been select-
ed), and the SELECT key of the input or track is
pressed, the MIC EFFECT screen is shown:
4
Use the left and right keys to select either the preset
(PRESET) library, the user library (USER) or save (SAVE)
the current setting.
The basic types of mic effects available are:
• Vocal compressor (CMP)
• De-esser (DSR)
• Vocal exciter (EXC)
• Noise suppressor (NSP)
5
6
Use the dial to select the effect to load (or when
saving, the “slot” in which to save).
Press YES/ENTER to load (or save) the effect. The
selected settings are recalled as mic effect settings
for the current channel, and the MIC EFFECT
screen shows the parameters.
2
3
Press the SELECT or INPUT key for the track or
input channel to assign the mic effect to it. The
MIC EFFECT screen for that channel appears.
Pressing NO/EXIT cancels the load and returns the
settings to the previous parameters.
Press the YES/ENTER key.
MIC EFFECT LIBRARY screen appears.
Editing mic effects
The parameters to be edited for the effects differ according
for details about editing the parameters of different types
of effects.
T I P
If you are unsure of the operation of a compressor or
any of the effects described here, it is a good idea to
read one of the many excellent introductory books on
audio and recording.
NOTE
Even if no mic effects are assigned, you can still edit
the parameters on each channel. You must assign the
mic effects in order to use them.
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6 − Effects
Multi-effect
On the 2488MKII, a “multi-effect” is a chain of effects
which can be used together as one insert effect for
processing a guitar sound, for example. A multi-effect is
made available together with the four mic effect setting.
Selecting the multi-effect for use is done in the same way
as selecting the four mic effects (see “Editing mic effects”
page 40).
Assigning the multi-effect
The multi-effect is assigned in the same way as the mic
effects: press and hold the MULTI key and press the input
or channel SELECT key. Any input or channel assigned
when the MULTI key is first pressed flashes.
NOTE
The multi-effect can be freely assigned to mono inputs
or channels or to linked or stereo input or channels.
Unassigning the multi-effect follows the same procedure:
press and hold the MULTI key, and press the flashing
SELECT key.
Editing the multi-effect
You can edit the parameters of the selected multi-effect.
The editable parameters depend on the effect type.
At the bottom of the screen, each of the effects in the
multi-effect is shown with an abbreviation. These effects
are connected in a chain in the order displayed. This order
cannot be changed.
Press the MULTI key to open the MULTI EFFECT screen
where you can edit the parameters.
Use the Ó/Á cursor keys to select the effect you want to
edit. The editable effect parameters are shown in the upper
part of the screen.
NOTE
You can use an external expression pedal to control a
single (non-selectable) parameter for each of the 4th
stage effects (flanger, phaser, chorus, exciter, pitch,
tremolo, vibrato, wah). Set PEDAL to ON to make
pedal control possible.
Using the multi-effect library
1
From the MULTI EFFECT parameter screen,
press YES/ENTER:
3
4
Use the JOG/DATA dial (or ¶/§ cursor keys) to
select the multi-effect setting that you want to use
from the list.
Press the YES/ENTER.
The setting that you select becomes the multi-effect
for the current input/channel and its parameters
appear on the MULTI EFFECT screen.
Pressing the NO/EXIT key returns to the MULTI EFFECT
screen without saving.
2
Use the Ó/Á cursor keys to select either the PRESET
memory banks, the USER memory banks, or SAVE the
current setting. The left side of the PRESET memory
banks provides a description of the effect (GRUNGE,
CLEAN FUNK, etc.).
The library list shows the preset names (left) and the two
main effects used (right).
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6 − Effects
Saving multi-effect settings
You can save an edited setting as a user setting in the library.
5
Press the YES/ENTER key to save the setting and
return to the MULTI EFFECT screen.
1
When the MULTI EFFECT screen is visible, press
the YES/ENTER key to open the MULTI EFFECT
LIBRARY screen.
NOTE
This overwrites any existing setting in that slot.
2
3
Use the Ó/Á cursor keys to select SAVE.
Press the NO/EXIT key to return to the MULTI EFFECT
screen without saving.
Use the JOG/DATA dial (or the §/¶ cursor keys) to
select a setting slot to store the new setting.
4
Rename the setting if you want (see “Titling” on
page 15).
NOTE
The right column of the list shows the basic effect
types (DIST-FLG, etc.) used in each setting so they will
always be clear regardless of the setting names.
Single effect
The single effect provides you with a quality effect in the
internal effect loop. This is most useful in the mixdown
and mastering stages, but it can be used at any time.
Press the YES/ENTER key to enter the library screen to recall
a preset effect or a user effect or to save the current parameters.
Input channel and track channel signals can be sent to
the single effect. Channel signal send levels and pre/post
The return from this effect is sent to the stereo bus, or to
Press the SINGLE EFFECT key. It lights, and the screen
changes to the SINGLE EFFECT screen:
Use the Ó/Á cursor keys to select the PRESET choices, the
USER settings, or to SAVE the current parameters.
Scroll up and down through the list that appears, and press
YES/ENTER to confirm your choice.
Saving single effects
As with mic effects and multi-effects, single effect settings
can be saved as user settings in the library.
4
5
Press the YES/ENTER key to save the setting and
1
With the SINGLE EFFECT screen open, press the
YES/ENTER key to open the SINGLE EFFECT
LIBRARY screen.
return to the SINGLE EFFECT screen.
If you press the NO/EXIT key, you will return to the
SINGLE EFFECT screen without saving.
2
3
Use the Ó/Á cursor keys and select SAVE.
Use the JOG/DATA dial or the §/¶ cursor keys to
select a slot for saving the settings.
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6 − Effects
Tuner
This is not really an effect, but uses one of the effect keys.
Press the shifted MULTI key to bring up the TUNER screen.
The tuner is used with the signal from input H (reserved
for guitars and basses). It cannot be used with any other
input. When a note is played, the 2488MKII tuner displays
the note closest to that note, and the bars under the name
show whether the actual note is more sharp (the bars to
the right of the center are highlighted) or flat (the bars to
the left of the center are highlighted) than the true value.
When the larger center bar alone is highlighted, the instru-
ment is tuned to the displayed note.
You can set the reference A to a value other than 440 Hz if
necessary.
Exit the tuner by pressing the shifted MULTI key again.
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7 − Recorder
First steps in recording (song management)
These functions are not completely recorder-related, but
they do have play important roles in the recorder operation.
These are all accessed through the SONG menu from the
main menu.
Press MENU, navigate to SONG, and press YES/ENTER.
Creating a song
Before starting a new recording, you must follow these
procedures to create a song.
3
4
Use the JOG/DATA dial to select the RESOLUTION
(audio bit depth) you want to use (16-bit or 24-bit).
1
2
Press the MENU key to open the MENU screen. Use
the cursor keys to choose the SONG item, and then
press the YES/ENTER key.
24-bit captures a greater dynamic range of
audio, but uses more disk space (ordinary audio
CDs are 16-bit).
At the SONG menu, use the cursor keys to high-
Use the §/¶ cursor keys to select the KEEP MIXER
item, and then use the dial to select ON/OFF. If you
select ON, the current song mixer settings (includ-
ing effects and scene memories) are included in the
new song. If you select OFF, the mixer settings are
initialized when you create the new song.
light the CREATE option. Press YES/ENTER.
5
Use the dial and the cursor keys to give the song a
name up to 12 characters in length (see “Titling” on
page 15).
Press YES/ENTER when you are done. The display
shows the home screen.
Loading a song
To load a previously-saved song from disk (the current song
will be written to disk automatically when the song is loaded):
1
2
Press the MENU key to open the MENU screen. Use
the cursor keys to select the SONG item, and then
press the YES/ENTER key.
At the SONG menu, use the cursor keys to high-
light the LOAD option. Press YES/ENTER.
3
Select the song to be loaded. The current song is
automatically saved, and the selected song is loaded
from disk.
NOTE
This menu reads the songs stored on the currently-
selected partition. If you are loading a song from
another partition, you must select that partition first.
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Saving a song
The function described here saves the song to disk.
NOTE
When you load another song or shutdown the
2488MKII, the work done on the current song is
automatically saved. However, power failures, acci-
dentally unplugging power cords and other accidents
that cause a loss of power may cause recent song
data to be lost. For this reason, we encourage you to
save your work frequently, especially after important
recording, editing or other work.
1
Press the MENU key to open the MENU screen. Use
the cursor keys to select the SONG item, and then
press the YES/ENTER key.
2
At the SONG menu, use the cursor keys to high-
light the SAVE option. Press YES/ENTER.
As the song is saved, appropriate messages are
displayed. The current song will be reloaded after it
has been saved, and you can resume work on it.
Reverting to the previously saved version of a song
If you have saved a song and you want to return to the
version of the song at the time it was last saved:
CAUTION
You will lose all recordings and edits made since the
last save, and they will disappear from the undo list.
This revert operation is not undoable. Be sure that
the work you have done since the last save operation
is really work that you do not want to keep before
reverting to a previous version.
1
Press the MENU key to open the MENU screen. Use
the cursor keys to select the SONG item, and then
press the YES/ENTER key.
2
3
At the SONG menu, use the cursor keys to high-
light the REVERT option. Press YES/ENTER.
The 2488MKII asks if you are sure. Press YES/
ENTER if you want to throw away all changes since
the last save operation, otherwise press NO/EXIT.
Erasing a song
To free up space on a disk partition, and delete a song or
songs, you should perform the following operations:
CAUTION
This operation cannot be undone. Erasing songs is a
permanent operation. Always think carefully before
you erase a song or songs.
1
2
Press the MENU key to open the MENU screen. Use
the cursor keys to select the SONG item, and then
press the YES/ENTER key.
NOTE
At the SONG menu, use the cursor keys to high-
This menu can erase only the songs stored on the
currently-selected partition. If you want to erase a
song or songs from another partition, you must select
it first.
light the ERASE option. Press YES/ENTER.
If you have selected all the songs on a partition for
erasure, a new song will automatically be created
after all the existing songs have been erased.
3
Select the song or songs to be erased using the dial
to highlight the songs and the INSERT key to place
a check mark beside them. If you select a song for
erasure by accident, use the DELETE key to deselect it.
4
5
Press YES/ENTER to erase the selected song(s).
The 2488MKII asks you if you are sure. Press YES/
ENTER if you really are sure that you want to erase
these songs.
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Copying songs
As well as copying songs, so that you can work on another
version of them, you can also use this menu item as a tool to
back up songs to another partition (you can also back up to
CD-R or personal computer, but this is a separate process).
4
When all the songs to be copied have been marked,
press the YES/ENTER key. A list of all the partitions
available currently is shown.
5
6
Use the dial to select the partition to which the
selection will be copied, and press YES/ENTER.
1
Press the MENU key to open the MENU screen.
Use the cursor keys to select the SONG item, and
then press the YES/ENTER key.
The 2488MKII asks you if you are sure that you
want to make the copy. Press YES/ENTER to contin-
ue with the operation, and NO/EXIT to cancel.
2
At the SONG menu, use the cursor keys to high-
light the COPY option. Press YES/ENTER.
CAUTION
Copying a song may take some time. Be patient while
the song is being copied, and take care not to power
down the 2488MKII in the middle of a copy operation.
NOTE
If you copy a song to the partition where it was origi-
nally stored, it will be copied with the same title, so
the list will contain two songs with the same title. If
you want two copies of the same song on one parti-
tion, you should rename one of the copies immedi-
ately after the copy operation has been carried out.
When you make the selection for copying, only those
songs in the currently-selected partition are listed. If
you need to back up from many different partitions,
you must select each partition in turn and then select
the songs on the selected partition.
3
Select the song or songs to be copied using the dial
to highlight the songs and the INSERT key to place a
check mark beside them.
If you select a song for copying by accident, use the
DELETE key to deselect it.
Erasing unneeded audio data from songs
In addition to audio data in the track and the “playlist,”
songs may also contain “unused” audio data.
Use the following procedure to delete “unused” audio
data and open more space on the hard disk. This operation
cannot be undone.
With the 2488MKII, audio data is not erased when a track
is overwritten, but remains on the hard disk.
1
Press the MENU key to open the MENU screen.
Use the cursor keys to select the SONG item, and
then press the YES/ENTER key.
Audio data that has been completely overwritten is
“unused.” The procedure below explains how to erase
“unused” audio data.
2
3
At the SONG menu, use the cursor keys to high-
light the DELETE UNUSED option.
Press YES/ENTER.
As the illustration shows, if old audio data is not complete-
ly overwritten by new audio data, it will not be erased.
The 2488MKII asks you if you are sure.
If you want to delete all the unused portions of
the song, press YES/ENTER. If you have second
thoughts, press NO/EXIT.
New guitar solo over the old
Old guitar solo (will be deleted)
CAUTION
New guitar solo over the old
This operation completely erases unused audio data in
the song and cannot be undone. You can back up the
song to CD-R or a personal computer, before perform-
ing this “cleanup” operation. If you change your mind
later on, you can restore this backed up version.
Old guitar solo (will not be deleted)
New guitar solo over the old
Old guitar solo (will not be deleted)
Unused audio data in virtual tracks that are not assigned to
page 66).
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Protecting a song
You can protect a song to prevent accidental changes.
1
Press the MENU key to open the MENU screen. Use
the cursor keys to select the SONG item, and then
press the YES/ENTER key.
When a song is protected, recording is not possible (the
track REC keys are disabled), it cannot be edited using the
track editing functions, and it cannot be erased, etc. using
the SONG menu.
2
3
At the SONG menu, use the cursor keys to high-
light the PROTECT option. Press YES/ENTER.
It is also impossible to set or edit mark poits except the IN
and OUT points for repeat operations, or to permanently
reassign virtual tracks. Virtual tracks can be assigned for
audition purposes, but not permanently saved.
Use the dial to set the protection ON or OFF, and
press YES/ENTER to confirm the setting.
In operations which show a list of available songs (for
instance, loading a song), any protected songs have a small
padlock icon beside the song title.
Only the currently-loaded song can be protected or unpro-
tected at any one time (though, of course, songs stored on
the disk can be stored as protected or unprotected).
Transport controls
Most of the 2488MKII controls work the same as a normal
tape recorder, but there are a few important differences, as
outlined below.
Setting the playback position
The 2488MKII provides you with a number of ways to set
the position from which playback starts when you press the
PLAY key.
Some of these are described in the section on location
operations. The ways of setting the playback point which
involve the transport keys are described here.
Return to zero (RTZ)
During playback or recording, or when the transport is
stopped, if you press the REW key while holding the STOP
key, the playback position returns to the head of the song
(the position defined as the ABS zero point). During play-
back or recording, playback or recording stops first.
1
2
Press and hold down STOP.
Press REW. Playback/Recording stops and the play-
back position returns to the zero point.
Last Recording Position (LRP)
This is an extremely useful feature that allows you to
return instantly to the point where recording last started.
You can use this in any of the following situations (these
are examples, you may think of others for yourself):
To return to the position where recording last started (from
stop, play or record):
1
2
Press and hold down the STOP key
Press F FWD. Playback/recording stops, and the
playback position returns to the point where
recording last started.
• after you interrupt a bad take halfway through the
recording and want to return instantly to the same posi-
tion to retake.
• when you want to playback from the start of a take
immediately after recording it.
• when you are recording a number of different tracks in
turn, all to start from the same point.
• after a take, you may want to set the point where the
take started as a reference location mark.
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Jog positioning
To position the playback point precisely, you can “jog” the
playback position, using the dial. As you move backwards
and forwards through the recording, you can hear the
recorded sound at slow speed, either backward or forward,
depending on the direction you are turning the dial.
5
Use the § and ¶ cursor keys to adjust the vertical
scale (the way that the volume of the sound is shown).
The zoom levels here are x 1, x 2, x 4, x 8, x 16 and x
32. Pressing the §key increases the vertical scaling of
the display, and pressing the ¶key decreases the scale.
NOTE
T I P
The 2488MKII can locate a position with an accuracy
of 1/10 frame. The length of 1 frame depends on the
frame rate (24–30 frames per second). At this speed,
1/10-frame accuracy is equivalent to 1/300-second –
1/240-second accuracy.
If you cannot see any waveforms when you first enter
this display, press the § key to zoom the volume so
that you can see the quiet passages.
6
Use the dial to move to the desired playback position.
1
2
Position the playback point to the rough position
where you want the final point to be.
You can monitor the “jogged” sound of the selected
track through the monitoring system.
Press and hold the STOP key and press the PLAY
key. The transport enters JOG mode and the JOG
indicator lights. The display shows a view of the
waveform of the currently selected track at the
current playback position.
T I P
To move past the edge of the screen, press and hold
the F FWD or REW keys to play the tracks forwards
or backwards at normal speed for a rough position.
When you release the keys, the playback will stop.
7
Press STOP (or YES/ENTER or NO/EXIT) to return
to the home screen, with the playback position now
being the point which has just been set.
The home screen now shows the playback position
set with the JOG operation.
NOTE
Because only one track can be jogged at a time, only
one track of a stereo pair can be heard at a time in this
mode. If it is difficult to hear the track, you may want
3
4
Press the SELECT key of the track that you want to
view (pressing the SELECT key of any of the stereo
tracks [13/14, 15/16, 17/18, 19/20, 21/22, 23/24] alter-
nates between viewing the odd- and even-numbered
tracks). The display changes to the waveform of
that track.
Use the Ó and Á cursor keys to zoom out and in
respectively horizontally.
In other words, pressing the Á key will increase
the amount of space on the screen taken by a
certain amount of time, and pressing the Ó key
will make the same amount of time take less space
on the screen.
The three zoom levels available are: x 1, x 2 (allow-
ing approximately single-frame accuracy in adjust-
ment), and x 32 (allowing approximately an accura-
cy of about 10 sub-frames). The resolution is shown
below the time display.
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Fast forward and rewind
On a tape recorder, you can use the fast forward and fast
rewind keys to spool through a tape. A disk recorder like
the 2488MKII works in a somewhat different way.
When you release the F FWD or REW key, playback starts
at the position which has been reached.
From the stop position When playback is stopped, you
can press and hold the F FWD or REW key to start fast
rewind or fast forward. The unit stops at the position where
you release the key.
The forward and rewind keys can be used in the
following ways:
During playback When the unit is playing back mate-
rial, if you press and hold either the F FWD or the REW
key, the playback position moves forward or backward
(depending on which key is being held down) at ten times
the normal playback speed (as shown by the FF x10 or
REW x10 in the home display.
NOTE
You cannot perform this operation while recording.
At this time, playback is muted, and the PLAY indicator flashes.
Skipping to marks
If you briefly press and release the F FWD key, the trans-
port skips to the next mark. If you briefly press and release
the REW key, the transport skips to the preceding mark.
and using marks.
Recording
You can record after selecting the partition and the song.
To start recording from the stopped state:
NOTE
When a track is recording or is armed to record (the
track REC key is lit or flashing), its track number
appears in inverse on the home screen, as shown in
the illustration.
1
At least one track should be armed (press the REC
key(s) of the track(s) on which recording is to take
place). The REC keys(s) start to flash).
Since tracks 13 to 24 are stereo tracks, they are
always recorded simultaneously as paired tracks.
2
3
Press and hold down the RECORD key.
Press the PLAY key. Both the PLAY (green) and
RECORD (red) indicators light, and the flashing
REC indicator(s) light steadily.
4
Stop recording by pressing the STOP key.
PUNCH recording
To drop into record mode while playing back:
NOTE
At least one track must be armed before you start to
record. It is not possible to enter a “record ready” mode
and press the REC keys of tracks to start recording.
1
2
3
Arm one or more tracks by pressing their REC
keys. Their indicators start to flash.
Start playing back a song by pressing the PLAY key.
The PLAY indicator will light.
Press the RECORD key. The RECORD indicator will
light, and the REC indicators of the armed tracks
will also light.
To end recording, press either the STOP key or the
PLAY key (punch out).
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Hands-free recording
You can also use a suitable foot switch (for example the
TASCAM RC-30P) connected to the PUNCH jack on the
front, to drop into record mode. When a track is armed,
and playback is taking place, pressing the foot switch will
change from playback mode to record mode.
When recording, pressing the foot switch will drop out of
record mode into playback mode.
Undo recordings
You can “undo” recordings, (unlike on a tape recorder).
Even if you accidentally record over important audio data,
you can recover the original data by using the undo func-
Rehearsing recording
Sometimes, even with the undo facilities and the virtual
tracks of the 2488MKII, it may be useful for you to
rehearse a take without actually committing anything to
disk. This is probably most useful in auto punch operations
in other situations as well.
To use the rehearsal mode, simply press the RHSL key so
that the indicator is lit.
When actually “recording” in rehearsal mode, the
RECORD indicator flashes, rather than lighting steadily, to
show that the rehearsal is taking place.
In a rehearsal, the monitoring and other operations and
recording functions are the same as when recording, but
the input signal, although passed through to a track, does
not actually go to the disk.
IN, OUT, TO and FROM points
The IN, OUT, TO and FROM points are special marks
used for various 2488MKII functions. Repeat playback and
auto punch use the IN/OUT points, and track editing uses
Setting the IN, OUT, TO and FROM points
To set these points:
1
2
Locate to the position where the IN, OUT, TO or
FROM point is to be set.
Press and hold the LOCATE key, and then press the
key you want to set (IN, OUT, TO or FROM).
SetIN!, SetOUT!, SetTO!or SetFROM!
appears on the home screen.
NOTE
You cannot set these points while the repeat mode or
auto punch mode is active.
Locating to the points
Simply press the IN, OUT, TO or FROM key to locate to the
appropriate point.
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Editing the IN, OUT, TO and FROM points
When the points have been set, it may be necessary to
“trim” them, or to slip them backwards or forwards a little.
3
Press the SELECT key of the track that you want to view.
The display changes to the wave-form of that track.
4
5
Follow the instructions in “Jog positioning” on page
48 for zooming and moving the current jog position.
NOTE
These points cannot be edited when repeat mode is
ON (the REPEAT indicator is lit).
After setting the exact position, press and hold the
LOCATE key and then press the key (IN, OUT, TO or
FROM) you want to reset. The display returns to the
home screen.
Follow these procedures to “trim” (make small adjustments
to) the positions of the IN, OUT, TO and FROM points:
1
Press the key (IN, OUT, TO or FROM) for the point
you want to trim, to locate to that point.
Press NO/EXIT to return to the home screen with-
out setting the points (remember that YES/ENTER
does not set these points).
2
Press and hold the STOP key and press the PLAY
key. The JOG indicator lights. The display shows a
view of the waveform of the currently selected track
at the IN, OUT, TO or FROM point (depending on
which was pressed).
Mark functions
In addition to the IN, OUT, TO and FROM points used
for auto punch and editing, up to 999 marks can be set for
every song.
and they are stored with the song, allowing you to return
at any time to a part of the song which you have marked as
needing attention.
These can be inserted, deleted, named and edited freely,
Inserting marks
To insert a mark point at the current position, press the
INSERT key during playback, recording or when the trans-
port is stopped to register a mark point at the current position.
New marks are numbered sequentially in the order that
they are recorded.
The mark title appears on the home screen under the time
line to the right.
Marks cannot be inserted, however, while fast forwarding
or rewinding.
Active marks
If the song play position passes a mark during playback,
the mark’s title appears on the screen. The mark whose title
is shown on the screen is called the “active mark.”
ª Deleting the active mark
You can delete the active mark while playback is stopped,
but you cannot delete it while playing back or recording
(a popup message appears briefly if you try and you must
press NO/EXIT to dismiss the message).
This active mark can be accessed easily for titling, deletion
and editing, as explained below.
1
To delete the active mark, press the DELETE key.
You do not have to confirm the deletion, but the
words Clearmark!appear briefly on the display.
ª Giving a title to the active mark
You can give a title to the active mark while playing back
or recording, or while the playback is stopped.
2
When the active mark has been deleted, the mark
immediately before the active mark (if there
is one) becomes the active mark, and its title is
shown on screen.
1
When the active mark’s current title is displayed
(this will be Mark XXX when the mark is first set),
press the shifted TITLE key. The pop-up screen
appears on the display, and you can edit the title as
NOTE
You cannot undo a mark deletion.
2
When you press YES/ENTER after editing the
name, the new name replaces the old mark name.
T I P
T I P
You can erase marks freely using the MARK LIST
You can use the words here to enter mark titles quick-
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Editing the active mark
This process is sometimes referred to as trimming. This
is a similar process to the jog positioning of the playback
operation, the final position is stored as the position of the
active mark.
5
Use the § and ¶ keys to adjust the vertical scale
(the way that the volume of the sound is shown).
The zoom levels here are x 1, x 2, x 4, x 8, x 16
and x 32. Pressing the key increases the verti-
cal scaling of the display, and pressing the ¶ key
decreases the scale.
You can edit the active mark when playback is stopped.
You cannot edit the active mark when recording or
playing back.
NOTE
If you cannot see any waveforms when you first enter
this display, press the § key to zoom the volume so
that you can see the quiet passages.
1
Make sure that the mark you want to edit is shown
on the home display and that playback is stopped.
2
Press the TRIM key. The display shows TRIM and a
view of the waveform of the currently selected track
at the active mark.
6
Use the JOG/DATA dial to move the playback posi-
tion as you like. You can monitor the jogged sound
of the selected track through the monitoring system.
NOTE
You cannot move the mark to a position before the
previous mark or after the next mark.
7
To move past the edge of the screen, press and
hold the F FWD and REW keys to play the tracks
forwards or backwards at normal speed for a rough
position. When you release the keys, the playback
will stop.
8
9
Press YES/ENTER to accept the new position as the
active mark value (the playback position is now the
new position), and return to the home screen.
3
4
Press the SELECT key of the track that you want
to view. The display changes to the waveform of
that track.
Press NO/EXIT to return to the home screen with
the playback position being the point which has just
been set, but the active mark value is unchanged.
Although the active mark applies to all tracks,
if you have a track selected with nothing or little
recorded on it at that point, it will be impossible to
see or hear anything using this function.
Use the Ó and Á keys to zoom out and in respec-
tively horizontally. That is, pressing the Á key will
increase the amount of space on the screen taken by
a certain amount of time, and pressing the Ó key
will make the same amount of time take less space
on the screen. The three zoom levels available are:
x 1, x 2 at about single-frame accuracy), and x 32
at about 10-sub-frame accuracy (shown below the
time display).
Skip between marks
During playback or when the transport is stopped, press
the F FWD or REW key briefly and release it to skip to the
next or previous mark.
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7 − Recorder
Using the mark list
Every time a mark is stored, it is entered into the list, and
every time a mark is deleted, it is removed from the list.
ª
Erasing marks using the list
1
Press the LOCATE key.
Use the MARK LIST to locate, erase, and add titles to marks.
Note that this list cannot be used to edit mark positions.
The MARK LIST screen appears.
2
3
Use the JOG/DATA dial (or §/¶ cursor keys) to
select the mark to erase.
To see the list, press the LOCATE key:
Press the DELETE key to erase the selected mark.
NOTE
Even when the time display on the home screen is
shown in bars and beats, or the MTC time display is
selected, the marks’ time values are always shown
using the absolute time values.
Items in the list are always sorted in time order, not
the order of the mark point names or numbers.
ª
Locating using the list
To locate using the mark list:
1
2
Press the LOCATE key.
Use the JOG/DATA dial (or §/¶cursor keys) to
select the desired mark.
3
Press the YES/ENTER key. The playback position
jumps to the selected mark.
ª Titling using the list
1
Press the LOCATE key.
The MARK LIST screen appears.
2
Use the JOG/DATA dial (or §/¶ cursor keys) to
select the mark whose title you want to edit.
3
4
Press the shifted TITLE key.
Give a title to the mark, using the procedure
5
When you press YES/ENTER to confirm the name,
the screen returns to the list.
Two marks can have the same title (though it may be
confusing), but they cannot have the same time value.
It is not possible to rename the IN, OUT, TO or FROM
marks because they have special functions.
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Direct location
In this method, you use the cursor keys and the dial to
locate to a specified position.
In the first two of these modes, you can locate to
sub-frame accuracy. There are ten sub-frames in a frame,
and the length of a frame depends on the frame rate set up
in the sync operations, but is between 1/30 and 1/24 of a
second. In the last mode, you can locate to beat accuracy.
There are three modes in which the time can be shown on
the home screen: ABS (the absolute time), MTC (MIDI Time
Code) and BAR. The BAR time display is based on an inter-
nal tempo source map, or such as a standard MIDI file (SMF).
See “Tempo and MIDI” on page 87 for details of these.
Direct location (i)
For the first two modes (ABS and MTC), the way to locate
directly is as follows:
If you increase a value past the maximum (for
example, if you try to increase the “seconds” value
over 59), the number will “wrap round;” that is,
the “minutes” value will increase by one, and the
“seconds” value will be set to 00.
1
Make sure the transport is stopped. You cannot perform
this direct location when playing back or recording.
2
If the “home” display is not shown, press the HOME
key. There is an “underline” cursor at the top of the
screen. If the top left of the screen does not show
ABS or MTC (that is, it shows BAR), move the cursor to
under BAR, and turn the dial counterclockwise until
ABS or MTC is showing.
5
6
When you change a value, the values on the top line
will start to blink and will continue to blink for a
few seconds.
Press YES/ENTER while the values are blinking
to set the value, or PLAY to start immediate play-
back at that value. Also, if you do not press any keys
or turn the dial for a few seconds, the values stop
blinking, and the new time value that has been set
becomes the current playback position.
3
Use the left and right cursor keys to move the cursor
to any of the following fields: hours (h), minutes (m),
seconds (s), frames (s) or sub-frames (no indication
on the display, though the value is shown).
If you press the NO/EXIT key (or the STOP key) while
the values are blinking, the time value will be reset
to the previous value before you started to edit it.
Hours Minutes Seconds Frames Sub-Frames
4
Use the dial to increase or decrease the number
over the cursor (in the illustration here, the cursor
is under the “hours” value).
Direct location (ii)
As well as the ABS and MTC timings just described, it is
possible to locate to a “musical” time, when the display
shows bars (measures) and beats, and the 2488MKII is
synchronized to a tempo map.
4
Use the cursor keys to move the cursor to either of
the following: bars (3 digits), or beats (2 digits). The
tempo value cannot be altered here—it is set by the
tempo map.
1
Make sure the transport is stopped. You cannot
perform this direct location when playing back
or recording.
Bar
Beat
2
3
If the “home” display is not shown, press the
HOME key.
5
Use the dial to increase or decrease the number
over the cursor (in the illustration, the cursor is
under the “bars” value).
There is an “underline” cursor at the top of the
screen. If the top left of the screen does not show
BAR (that is, it shows MTC or ABS), move the cursor
under the left field, and turn the dial clockwise
until BAR is shown.
If you increase the “beats” value past the maximum
number of beats on a bar at that point in the tempo
map, the number will “wrap round;” that is, the
“bars” value will increase by one, and the “beats”
value will be set to 01.
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6
7
When you change a value, the values on the top line
will start to blink and will continue to blink for a
few seconds.
If you press the NO/EXIT key (or the STOP key) while
the values are blinking, the time value will be reset
to the previous value before you started to edit it.
Press YES/ENTER while the values are blinking
to set the value, or PLAY to start immediate play-
back at that value. Also, if you do not press any keys
or turn the dial for a few seconds, the values stop
blinking, and the new time value that has been set
becomes the current playback position.
Repeat
You can repeat playback between the IN and OUT points
by pressing the REPEAT key so that the indicator lights.
Repeat recording is handled using the auto punch facility
Setting the repeat interval
On a tape recorder repeating a section, there is a delay
while the tape rewinds. The “instant rewind” of a disk
recorder can give you no time to prepare your fingers, take
a breath, etc. ready for the next take.
The 2488MKII allows you to set a time between reaching
the OUT point and starting to replay from the IN point
again: from 0 seconds to 9.9 seconds.
1
Press and hold the REPEAT key so that a pop-up
screen appears.
2
Use the dial to set the interval. Pressing YES/
ENTER returns to the home screen.
Auto punch operations
Punch operations allow you to start and stop record-
ing at predefined points, and these can be automated, as
described here.
You can also use the repeat function together with the auto
punch operations, allowing you to make repeated rehears-
als of a punch section, as well as repeated takes of the same
section (multi-takes) or when you are recording, repeated
recordings can be used as multi-takes. With multi-take
recording, you can choose the best recording after record-
ing many takes, one after the other.
When auto punch recording begins, playback starts at
pre-roll point some time before recording is due to start,
the punch-in point is reached, and recording starts. When
the punch-out point is reached, recording stops, and play-
back continues until the post-roll point.
In addition, when you perform an auto punch recording,
during the pre-roll period, you hear what has previously
been recorded, together with the signal source; during the
punch recording itself, you hear the signal source alone;
and for the post-roll period, you hear the previously record-
ed material and the signal source together.
The 2488MKII allows all of this to happen in rehearsal
mode as well as in an actual recording mode. The rehearsal
mode allows you to simulate the punch recording, both to
practise the actual take, and also to check punch points
before recording actually begins.
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7 − Recorder
Setting the punch points
The 2488MKII provides three different punch settings.
LAST REC This option sets the start and end points of the
last recording (or recording rehearsal) as the punch in and
punch out points.
1
With at least one track armed (the REC indicator
flashing), and playback stopped, press the AUTO
PUNCH key:
IN - OUT This uses the IN and OUT points as the punch-
in and the punch-out points. The first of these points will
be used as the punch-in point, and the second as the punch-
out point, even if the OUT point is before the IN point.
LAST TAKE LOAD This option appears after auto punch
recording if no other recording, track editing, virtual track
assignment or undo/redo operation has occurred. It allows
you to select the takes from this punch session, in the same
way as described later in this section. In addition, you can
reselect the previously recorded take without conducting a
new recording.
2
3
Select one of the three options, explained
below, using the dial or cursor keys to move
the cursor, and the YES/ENTER key to confirm
the selection (NO/EXIT exits this screen with-
out making any settings).
When the selection has been made, the AUTO
PUNCH indicator lights, and the home display
shows AUTO.
NOTE
It is not strictly necessary to have a track armed when
you first press the AUTO PUNCH key, but this is proba-
bly the most logical way to work.
Checking the punch points
When the punch points have been set, you can press the
PLAY key. The home display shows CHECK, and the
playback starts at the pre-roll point. It continues to the
post-roll point.
Set the pre-roll and post-roll time on the RECORDER
first by pressing the AUTO PUNCH key so that the indi-
cator goes out. If you the punch points and pre and post-
roll times are what you want, you should proceed to the
rehearsal stage, as described below.
If the punch positions are not what you want, you can press
the AUTO PUNCH key to turn off the punch mode, and
reset the punch points as described above.
Rehearsing the punch
Although you do not have to use the rehearsal feature (see
“Rehearsing recording” on page 50) with the auto punch,
it’s probably a good idea to rehearse most punch recordings
a few times before making a take.
• When playback reaches the punch-in point, the
monitored signal on the armed track(s) is muted. The
RECORD indicator flashes (to show that it is a rehearsal).
• When playback reaches the punch-out point, the
recorded material is added to the monitored signal. The
RECORD indicator goes out.
1
With the AUTO PUNCH indicator lit, and a track
armed, press the RHSL (rehearsal) key.
The indicator lights.
• Playback continues to the post-roll point and stops.
2
Press and hold down the RECORD key and press
the PLAY key.
If you press the REPEAT key before the rehearsal, so that
the indicator is lit (as well as the AUTO PUNCH and RHSL
indicators), the rehearsal process will repeat until you press
the STOP key. There is about a second’s interval between
the post-roll and the restarting of the rehearsal at the
pre-roll point. You cannot change this interval.
• The display shows TAKE.
• Playback starts at the pre-roll point. Both the input source
and previously-recorded material can be monitored.
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7 − Recorder
Recording the punch
When you are happy with the rehearsed punch material,
you record the punch in the following way:
• When playback reaches the punch-out point, the
recorded material is added to the monitored signal. The
RECORD indicator goes out.
1
2
Press the RHSL key so that the indicator goes out.
• Playback continues to the post-roll point and stops.
Press and hold the RECORD key and press the
PLAY key.
If the REPEAT indicator is lit, the punch recording will
continue to repeat (up to 99 times) until you press STOP,
allowing you to select from a list of “multi-takes” (see
“Checking the take” below).
• The display shows TAKE.
• Playback starts at the pre-roll point. Both the input source
and previously-recorded material can be monitored.
• When playback reaches the punch-in point, the
monitored signal on the armed track(s) is muted. The
RECORD indicator lights steadily.
The time between repeat takes is about one second. You
cannot change this time.
Checking the take
After auto punch recording is complete, the TAKE LIST
screen shown below appears.
You can make an instant check of the take by following the
procedure below.
When the take is complete, a screen similar to the follow-
ing appears:
• The screen above shows three takes and the original track.
• Use the dial to highlight a take from the list, including
the original track before the punch was started.
• Press PLAY to check the highlighted take by playing it
back (starting at the pre-roll point, and continuing to the
post-roll point).
• If you are happy with the take, you can move to the next
stage below (“After finishing the punch” below).
• If you want to record another take, press and hold
RECORD, and press PLAY.
After finishing the punch
When you have finished the auto punch recording:
NOTE
You must select one of the takes or the original to exit
auto punch mode.
1
2
3
Use the dial to highlight the take which you feel
is the best (or if none of them was any good, select
ORIGINAL, which is the unchanged version).
The recording between the punch-in and punch-out points
is now replaced by the selection. The AUTO PUNCH indi-
cator goes out.
Press YES/ENTER to select the selected take (or the
original version). A pop-up display asks you if you
are sure that you want to use the take.
Press YES/ENTER if you are sure, but if you change
your mind to select another take, press NO/EXIT.
If you change your mind
Like recording, an auto punch operation is undoable. It is
shown in the HISTORY list on the UNDO/REDO screen
tions, the LAST TAKE LOAD option is not available when
you press the AUTO PUNCH key.
NOTE
In addition, as we mentioned earlier, the third choice when
you press the AUTO PUNCH key, LAST TAKE LOAD,
allows you to select any of the multi-takes from the last
punch session.
Even if you undo the recording that has overwritten
the list of multi-takes, the multi-take list will not be
available to you after the undo.
However, if you have recorded anything else, performed an
undo or redo operation, or made any track editing opera-
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7 − Recorder
Bouncing tracks
Like many multitrack recorders, the 2488MKII allows you
to “bounce” a collection of recorded tracks to a smaller
number of tracks. This allows you to record more than 24
tracks (but once bounced onto a track or pair of tracks, the
original tracks cannot be separated again).
In bounce mode, the recording source track signals pass
from the mixer channels, through the sub mix bus, to the
bounce track.
While you are performing a bounce operation, you cannot
With the 2488MKII, any track or tracks other than the
bounce destination track can be a source track. Therefore,
when bouncing to a stereo track, the remaining 22 tracks
can be used as recording sources. Likewise, a mono
bounce track can use the other 23 tracks as sources.
Making a bounce mix
1
Press the BOUNCE key. The key lights, and
BOUNCEMODEappears on the home screen.
4
While watching the level meter of the bounce
destination track on the home screen, use the
SUB fader to adjust the final recording level (the
sub mix bus output level becomes the bounce mix
recording level).
2
Select the destination. Press the REC keys for a
single track (mono bounce), or two tracks (or a
stereo track) for a stereo bounce.
NOTE
NOTE
While bouncing, the bounce destination track fader
and STEREO fader affect the monitoring volume, but
they do not affect the recording level.
In bounce mode, until you press the REC key for the
bounce destination, no audio signal is sent to the
STEREO OUTPUT or the MONITOR OUTPUT.
5
When the bounce is done, press the BOUNCE key
again to return to ordinary recording mode.
3
Adjust the source tracks’ levels, EQ and pan posi-
tions, etc. for the bounce mix. Press the MUTE keys
(or lower the faders) on tracks that you do not want
to bounce.
T I P
If you press the sub mixer section SELECT key to open
the SUB MIXER screen, you can confirm that REC is
selected as the sub mix bus assignment destination.
NOTE
When you monitor the bounce, you are monitoring
the bounce destination. If any EQ etc. is applied to the
destination track(s), this is added to the signal you
are monitoring. You may therefore want to make sure
that the EQ is turned off on the destination tracks.
By assigning input channels (A–H) to the sub mixer
during track bounce, input signals can also be sent
to the bounce destination track (see "Sub mixer" on
page 35).
About track editing
One of the most useful features of a disk-based recorder
such as the 2488MKII is the ability to edit material easily.
When working with a stereo tape recorder in the past, the
usual editing method involved a white pencil, a razor blade
and sticky splicing tape. This was not an easy process, and
was very difficult to undo if there were any mistakes.
If you have ever used a word-processor on a computer, you
will probably find most of the 2488MKII’s editing opera-
tions pretty simple. If you have never used a computer, the
2488MKII’s editing operations are nothing to be scared
about—just read through this section to see how it all works.
The 2488MKII allows you to edit songs, copying and
moving material from one part of a song to another. This
editing is known as non-destructive editing, meaning that
the operation does not actually destroy data, and you can
undo mistaken editing operations easily.
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7 − Recorder
IN, OUT, TO and FROM
The IN, OUT, TO and FROM points are used for editing
operations (the IN and OUT points are also used for the
previously described auto punch and repeat functions).
In COPY FROM∑TO editing, the FROM point is a point
TO” on page 60 for details.
See “IN, OUT, TO and FROM points” on page 50 for how
to set and trim (adjust) these points.
NOTE
If the interval between IN and OUT points is less than
0.5 seconds, the popup screen does not appear and
you cannot use COPY, MOVE or other editing func-
tions. Increase the interval between IN and OUT points
to more than 0.5 seconds to use these functions.
The IN point is the start of the section to be edited at the
beginning of track editing.
The OUT point is the end of the section to be edited at the
beginning of track editing.
The TO point is the destination for many editing opera-
tions, including copy and paste, copy and insert, move and
paste, and move and insert.
Entering the edit mode
1
Make sure that the 2488MKII is stopped (not play-
ing back or recording).
3
Use the dial to highlight the track editing function
you will be using and press the YES/ENTER key.
2
Press the EDIT TRK key (below the monitor controls).
4
5
Select the appropriate values, as described below.
Press YES/ENTER to perform the operation, or
NO/EXIT to exit without performing the operation.
Track editing functions
The track editing functions available on the 2488MKII are:
Although you cannot use virtual tracks as sources for copy
and move operations, you can assign a virtual track tempo-
rarily to a physical track for track editing operations and
• COPY∑PASTE
• COPY FROM∑TO
• COPY∑INSERT
• MOVE∑PASTE
• MOVE∑INSERT
• OPEN
• CUT
• SILENCE
• CLONE TRACK
• CLEAN OUT
See the sections below for details of how to use these functions.
T I P
These operations can be undone (see "UNDO and
REDO" on page 64). For example, even if you have
erased an entire track, you can easily restore it.
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7 − Recorder
COPY ® PASTE
This function takes the section of a track or tracks marked
by the IN and OUT points, copies it, and places it at the TO
point on the chosen track or tracks. The original source is
left unchanged.
You can change the following values:
Src.Trk This sets the source track or tracks from which
the section is copied. Choose 1 through 24 to select an
individual track. Choose 1/2, 3/4, 5/6 etc. to select a pair of
tracks. Choose 1-24 to select all tracks.
IN
OUT
TO
Dst. Trk This sets the destination track or tracks to which
the selected section is pasted. What you can select here
depends on what you have selected for the source track.
If you have selected a single track, you can select tracks 1
through 24 here. If you have selected a pair of tracks (for
instance, 1/2), you can only select track pairs here. If you
have selected all tracks (1-24), then 1-24 is the only option
available to you here.
IN
OUT
TO
Times This is the number of times that the selected
section is pasted into the destination track or tracks. You
can set this value from 1 to 99.
Press YES/ENTER to perform the operation or NO/EXIT to
leave this screen.
The copy operation overwrites anything which is already
recorded at the destination. The destination is the same
length as it was before the operation.
You can copy the section more than once in one operation.
COPY FROM ® TO
This function copies the audio material from between the
IN and OUT points on the copy source track and pastes it
to the copy destination track. In this operation, the FROM
point is set within the section to be copied. When this
section is pasted, this FROM point is relocated to the desti-
nation TO point. This function is useful when you need to
align a specific moment in a section, rather than the begin-
ning or end of the section, to a specific time.
This operation has the three following parameters:
Src.Trk This selects the source track from which the
section is copied. Choose 1 through 24 to select an indi-
vidual track. Choose 1/2, 3/4, etc. to select a pair of tracks.
Choose 1-24 to select all tracks.
Dst.Trk This sets the destination track to which the selec-
tion is copied. Selection options here depend on what you
have selected for the Src.Trk. If you have selected a single
track, you can select tracks 1 through 24 here. If you have
selected a pair of tracks (for instance, 1/2), you can only
select track pairs here (1/2, 3/4, etc.). If you have selected
all tracks (1-24), then 1-24 is the only option available here.
FROM
OUT
TO
IN
Times This is the number of times that the selected
section is pasted into the destination track or tracks.
You can set this value from 1 to 99.
OUT
IN
TO
NOTE
The COPY∑PASTE operation pastes the material after
the TO point continuously without gaps, while COPY
FROM∑TO maintains the amount of time between
the FROM point and TO point when audio is pasted.
The copy source does not change after this operation.
Moreover, only this function appears in the Undo list
as COPY∑PASTE.
This operation overwrites anything that is recorded at the
destination. The length of the copy destination track does
not change.
After setting the parameters, press the YES/ENTER key to
perform the operation or the NO/EXIT key to leave this screen.
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7 − Recorder
COPY ® INSERT
This function takes the section of a track or tracks marked
by the IN and OUT points, copies it, and places it on the
chosen track or tracks, inserting it as new material, starting
at the TO point.
You can change the following values:
Src. Trk This sets the source track or tracks from which
the section is copied. Choose 1 through 24 to select an
individual track. Choose 1/2, 3/4, 5/6 etc. to select a pair of
tracks. Choose 1-24 to select all tracks.
IN
OUT
TO
Dst. Trk This sets the destination track or tracks into
which the selected section is inserted. What you can select
here depends on what you have selected for the source
track. If you have selected a single track, you can select
tracks 1 through 24 here. If you have selected a pair of
tracks (for instance, 1/2), you can only select track pairs
here. If you have selected all tracks (1-24), then 1-24 is the
only option available to you here.
IN
OUT
TO
Times This is the number of times that the selected
section is inserted (end-to-end) in the destination track or
tracks. You can set this value from 1 to 99.
The original source is left unchanged.
The insert operation adds the copy source audio material
after the TO point. Nothing is overwritten on the destina-
tion, as any existing material following the TO point is
moved to the end of the newly-inserted section. The desti-
nation is longer than it was before the operation.
Press YES/ENTER to perform the operation or NO/EXIT to
leave this screen.
You can copy the section more than once in one operation.
MOVE ® PASTE
This function takes the section of a track or tracks marked
by the IN and OUT points, and moves it to the chosen track
or tracks, starting at the TO point.
You can change the following values:
Src. Trk This sets the source track or tracks from which
the section is taken. Choose 1 through 24 to select an indi-
vidual track. Choose 1/2, 3/4, 5/6, etc. to select a pair of
tracks. Choose 1-24 to select all tracks.
IN
OUT
TO
Dst. Trk This sets the destination track or tracks to which
the selected section is moved. What you can select here
depends on what you have selected for the source track.
If you have selected a single track, you can select tracks 1
through 24 here. If you have selected a pair of tracks (for
instance, 1/2), you can only select track pairs here. If you
have selected all tracks (1-24), then 1-24 is the only option
available to you here.
IN
OUT
TO
Press YES/ENTER to perform the operation or NO/EXIT to
leave this screen.
After the operation, the selected section of the source
between the IN and OUT points is replaced by silence.
This operation overwrites anything which is already
recorded at the destination. The destination is therefore the
same length as it was before the operation.
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7 − Recorder
MOVE ® INSERT
This function takes the section of a track or tracks marked
by the IN and OUT points, and moves it to the chosen
track or tracks, inserting it as new material, starting at the
TO point.
You can change the following values:
Src. Trk This sets the source track or tracks from which
the section is taken. Choose 1 through 24 to select an indi-
vidual track. Choose 1/2, 3/4, 5/6, etc. to select a pair of
tracks. Choose 1-24 to select all tracks.
IN
OUT
TO
Dst. Trk This sets the destination track or tracks into
which the selected section is inserted. What you can select
here depends on what you have selected for the source
track. If you have selected a single track, you can select
tracks 1 through 24 here. If you have selected a pair of
tracks (for instance, 1/2), you can only select track pairs
here. If you have selected all tracks (1-24), then this is the
only option available to you here.
IN
OUT
TO
Press YES/ENTER to perform the operation or NO/EXIT to
leave this screen.
After the operation, the selected section of the source
between the IN and OUT points is replaced by silence.
The insert operation adds the selected section as new mate-
rial to the destination. Nothing is overwritten on the desti-
nation, as any material following the TO point is moved to
the end of the newly-inserted section. The destination is
therefore longer than it was before the operation.
OPEN
This function “opens up” a silent gap between the IN and
OUT points on the chosen track or tracks.
The source and destination are the same, and after the
operation, the track is split at the IN point, with the mate-
rial which followed the IN point now moved to follow the
OUT point. The result is therefore longer than the original.
IN
OUT
There is only one value that you can change:
Src. Trk Select an individual track (1 through 24), a pair
of tracks (1/2, 3/4, etc.), all of the tracks (1-24) or all the
virtual tracks (ALL).
IN
OUT
Press YES/ENTER to perform the operation or NO/EXIT to
leave this screen.
CUT
In this operation the audio material after the OUT point is
moved forward to the IN point.
The source and destination are the same, and after the
operation, the material which followed the OUT point now
moved to follow the IN point. Material which was between
the IN and OUT points is deleted. The result is therefore
shorter than the original.
IN
OUT
There is only one value that you can change:
Src. Trk Select an individual track (1 through 24), a pair
of tracks (1/2, 3/4, etc.), all of the tracks (1-24) or all the
virtual tracks (ALL).
IN
Press YES/ENTER to perform the operation or NO/EXIT to
leave this screen.
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7 − Recorder
SILENCE
This function is equivalent to recording silence between
the IN and OUT points on the chosen track or tracks.
There is only one value that you can change:
Src. Trk Select an individual track (1 through 8), a pair of
tracks (1/2, 3/4, 5/6, etc.), or all the tracks (1-24).
IN
OUT
Press YES/ENTER to perform the operation or NO/EXIT to
leave this screen.
IN
OUT
No material is added or deleted, and the length of the result
is therefore the same as that of the original.
CLONE TRACK
This copies a track or pair of tracks to another track or
pair of tracks. The IN and OUT points do not have any
meaning here.
There are two values that you can change:
Src. Trk Select an individual track (1 through 24), or a pair
of tracks (1/2, 3/4, 5/6, etc.) or the MASTER stereo track.
Dst. Trk This sets the destination track or tracks to
which the source track is cloned. What you can select here
depends on what you have selected for the source track.
If you have selected a single track, you can select tracks 1
through 24 here. If you have selected a pair of tracks (for
instance, 1/2 or MASTER), you can only select track pairs
(1/2, 3/4, etc.) here.
Press YES/ENTER to perform the operation or NO/EXIT to
leave this screen.
If you try to select the same track as a destination that
you have selected as the source, when you press the YES/
ENTER key, a pop-up message will appear.
Redo the operation with a different set of tracks.
CLEAN OUT
This deletes all the audio material in the selected track
or tracks.
There is only one value that you can change:
Src. Trk Selects the tracks for erasing the audio data. You
can select a single track (1 through 24), a pair of tracks
(1/2, 3/4, etc.), all the tracks (1-24) or virtual tracks that
have not been assigned to physical tracks (Vtrack).
Press YES/ENTER to perform the operation or NO/EXIT to
leave this screen.
The IN and OUT points do not have any meaning here.
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7 − Recorder
UNDO and REDO
Unlike a tape recorder, but like most word-processors, you
can undo your mistakes (the 2488MKII remembers up to
the last 999 operations you perform in each song). What is
more, you can undo your undo operations (redo).
In addition, all these operations are stored as part of the
song on the disk; even when you turn the machine off, the
history of all the previous operations is stored ready for
next time.
The operations that you can undo are:
What this means is that you can finish your work for the
day, come back in the morning with fresh ears, and decide
that maybe you did not want that overdub after all. With
the 2488MKII, this is no problem.
• The different track editing functions described in
this section
• Recording operations (including track bounce)
• Auto punch operations
• Mastering operations
• Import of WAV files
Undoing and redoing actions
1
Press the UNDO/REDO key and a list of the opera-
tions that you have done since the start of the song
is shown on screen:
If you press the UNDO key (unshifted), the cursor moves to
the event immediately before the current event.
Press YES/ENTER to undo the last event.
The first action (START UP) at the bottom of the
display is numbered 0, and all the actions after this
(above this) are then numbered in order.
If you press REDO (UNDO when the SHIFT indicator is
lit), the cursor moves to the event immediately following
the current event (i.e. the last action that has been undone).
Press the YES/ENTER key to redo this action.
NOTE
Recording, track editing, or any other operation after
an undo or redo operation, clears the list of redoable
actions (i.e. those actions which have been undone).
2
3
Use the dial to scroll to the step to which you want
to go back.
Press YES/ENTER, to return to the point in your
work just before you made your mistake.
You can also redo an action that you have undone in
exactly the same way.
T I P
As well as using the dial to scroll through the list,
you can also use the UNDO /REDO key to position the
cursor automatically at the event before or after the
current event.
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An undo/redo example
Here’s an extremely simplified example that extremely
unlikely that you’d work this way, but it shows the prin-
ciples involved:
Items above the “undo” line are visible and you can redo
them until you perform another action after the undo oper-
ation. For instance, if you decided that you wanted to have
another go at repairing the lead guitar bridge…
Lead vocal 3rd take
Lead vocal 2nd take
Lead vocal correction
You could undo all items up to item 7:
Lead vocal
Retake of guitar solo bridge section
Guitar solo
Piano (second part)
Piano
Scratch vocal take
Bass line
Copy and paste drum loop
Basic drum loop
Start song
Lead vocal 3rd take
Lead vocal 2nd take
Lead vocal correction
Lead vocal
Retake of guitar solo bridge section
Guitar solo
Piano (second part)
Piano
Scratch vocal take
Bass line
Copy and paste drum loop
Basic drum loop
Start song
This is the history of a recording session so far. Suppose
that you decide that items 11 and 12 in the list are not need-
ed (in other words, the first take (9) with its correction (10)
have been overwritten by 11 and 12, but you feel that the
original take (9) with its correction (10) has more energy,
so you want to retrieve it:
…and then re-record the guitar bridge.
After this, though, if you wanted to restore the vocal tracks
which we’d recorded, you would not be able to. The new
recording would replace everything above the line.
1
2
Press the UNDO key.
Use the dial to scroll down to the step to which you
want to go back (here it's 10).
All the previous items are now erased:
3
Press YES/ENTER. All steps up to the selected step
are now undone.
Now you have the track back again. If you press
the UNDO key, you’ll see that there’s a check mark
beside 10 - this shows that this is the “undo mark.”
Retake of guitar solo bridge section
Guitar solo
Piano (second part)
Piano
Scratch vocal take
Bass line
Copy and paste drum loop
Basic drum loop
Start song
Lead vocal 3rd take
Lead vocal 2nd take
Lead vocal correction
Lead vocal
Retake of guitar solo bridge section
Guitar solo
Piano (second part)
Piano
Scratch vocal take
Bass line
Copy and paste drum loop
Basic drum loop
Start song
The actions above this "undo" line are undone.
Notice that we can still see items 11 and 12. This is
because we can still redo them, if we decide that the
first vocal take (9 and 10) was not so great after all.
To redo them is just as simple as undoing them:
press the UNDO key, highlight the step to which you
want to return, and press YES/ENTER.
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7 − Recorder
Virtual tracks
Up to now, we have described the 2488MKII as a 24-track
recorder because it can playback up to 24 tracks simultane-
ously. In fact, however, each song may contain up to 250
tracks, which we call “virtual tracks.” Up to 24 of these
virtual tracks may be assigned to playback tracks 1–24,
which are called “physical tracks.” The 24 virtual tracks
assigned to these physical tracks are available for recording
and playback.
To assign a virtual track to a physical track:
Press the shifted VIRT TRK key.
1
Throughout this User's Guide, when we use the expression
“track,” we are referring to a virtual track that is assigned
to a physical track.
Use the virtual tracks to record multiple takes of lead vocals,
improvised solos and other parts and then select the best
takes afterwards. After recording a take, you can assign a
different virtual track to the same physical track to record
another take on the same physical track. By repeating this
process, you can use multiple virtual tracks to hold different
takes, and select the take or takes that you want afterwards.
NOTE
When you create a new song, virtual tracks 1–24 are
initially assigned to physical tracks 1–24.
2
Use the track SELECT keys or the (Ó and Á keys)
to select the physical track for assigning a virtual
track. The inverted number at the bottom of the
screen shows the selected physical track.
Here, we pick the best takes from the virtual tracks and
assign them to our playback tracks.
Different harmony arrangements for
backing vocals
Repeated pressing of the stereo channel SELECT
keys (13/14 through 23/24) changes between the odd
and even numbered channels of that pair.
Lead vocal attempts
Bass line played on different instruments
Saxophone takes
3
4
Use the dial to choose which virtual track will be
assigned to the physical track and become active.
Rhythm guitar experiments with
different effect settings
Different takes of lead guitar line
When the VIRTUAL TRACK ASSIGN screen is
open, by pressing the MENU (TITLE) key in SHIFT
mode, you can give the highlighted virtual track a
Virtual
tracks
Choose the best takes from
these virtual tracks and
assign them to physical
tracks.
Press YES/ENTER to make the assignment.
The virtual track selected in procedure 3 is
assigned to the physical track.
Track 1:
Track 2:
Track 3:
Track 4:
Track 5:
Track 6:
Track 7:
Track 8:
Drums Left
Drums Right
Lead Guitar
Rhythm Guitar
Saxophone
Bass line
Press NO/EXIT to exit the track assignment screen
without actually making the assignment.
Assigned
playback
tracks
NOTE
During step 4 above, if you press the PLAY key instead
of the YES/ENTER key, the assignment completes, the
home screen opens and playback starts.
Lead vocals
Backing vocals
Tracks 9 through 24 use
other virtual tracks (not
shown here for clarity)
You cannot assign the same virtual track to multiple
physical tracks.
Tracks 9 through 24 use other virtual tracks (not shown
here for clarity). Here, we pick the best takes from the
virtual tracks and assign them to our playback tracks.
If you have not worked with a system using virtual tracks
before, you may find it a little confusing. Some ideas to
bear in mind:
Virtual tracks are mono tracks. You need to assign one
virtual track to each track of a stereo pair.
• If you are recording a difficult part, you do not have to
re-record over the top of “almost, but not quite perfect”
takes. Keep these for later, just in case you never get a
better take. Simply assign a different virtual track when
you record the next take.
• For example, suppose you have recorded the drum part
and three takes of the bass line. You can assign the three
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7 − Recorder
virtual tracks that contain the bass takes to three physi-
cal tracks and then use the faders and MUTE/SOLO
keys to listen to each of them in turn (for simplicity,
these illustrations show only the first eight tracks).
Alternatively, if you want to assemble a track for the whole
song, you could assign the three different takes of the part
to three different active tracks and use the track editing
functions to copy and paste the good parts of each track to
make a perfect whole. Then use the two non-perfect tracks
with other virtual tracks for new parts.
In this case, you can also reassign the physical tracks of
unused virtual tracks to other virtual tracks.
Virtual tracks (different takes of
the bass line)
NOTE
Of course, virtual tracks take up disk space, even
when you are not using them. If you really do not
need a virtual track, you should clean it out to save
Virtual tracks (drums)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
The three best
bass takes
Drums
Then pick the one that fits best, and you can re-use the
other two unused virtual tracks with new virtual tracks—
keep the alternative takes for the future if you change your
mind later on.
Virtual tracks (different takes of
the bass line; the best one has
now been selected for use, and
the other two are unused)
Virtual tracks (drums)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
The best
bass take
Drums
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7 − Recorder
Varispeed operations (pitch and SSA)
You can play back and record at speeds which are greater
or less than the original (±6%) to allow for differences in
tuning, etc.
NOTE
The monitoring status of the tracks played back
using the pitch (varispeed) or SAA features is exactly
the same as for normal playback. That is, if they
have been assigned to a channel, the volume, etc. is
controlled by the channel fader and controls.
It is also possible to play back a selected pair of tracks at
the same pitch, but slower than the original (the SSA—Slow
Speed Audition feature). This allows you to rehearse tricky
lead lines, etc. at a slower speed, and can be combined with
Pitch
1
Press and hold the PITCH/SSA key.
3
4
Use the dial to change the pitch from -6.0% to +6.0%
in 0.1% steps. If playback is being carried out while
this is done, you will be able to hear the change.
The indicator lights and the display changes:
Press the PITCH/SSA key to return to the home
screen and once again to turn off the pitch change.
NOTE
The above steps can be carried out while playback is
stopped or in operation, but cannot be carried out
during recording. It is also possible to start playback
while adjusting the pitch, but not to start recording at
that time.
To use the set pitch When the pitch change value has
been set in the way described above, and the 2488MKII
shows the home screen, simply press the PITCH/SSA key
briefly to turn the indicator on and to change the pitch.
2
If the PITCH CONTROL section at the left of the
screen is not active (it is not surrounded by the thick-
er frame), press the Ó key to move the cursor there.
Press the PITCH/SSA key briefly once again to turn off the
pitch change.
SSA (Slow Speed Audition)
1
Press and hold the PITCH/SSA key, either during
playback, or when the transport is stopped.
4
Use the dial to change the speed between 50%,
60%, 70%, 80%, 90% and 100% (the displayed
values are approximate). If playback is being
carried out while this is done, you will be able to
hear the change.
The indicator lights and the display changes:
NOTE
The above steps can be carried out while playback is
stopped or in operation, but cannot be carried out
during recording. It is also possible to start playback
while adjusting the speed, but not to start recording
at that time.
5
Press the PITCH/SSA key to return to the home
screen and once again to turn off the SSA mode.
2
3
If the SLOW SPEED section at the right of the
screen is not active (it is not surrounded by the thick-
er frame), press the Á key to move the cursor there.
To use the SSA When the speed change value has been
set in the way described above, simply press the PITCH/SSA
key briefly to turn the indicator on and to change the speed,
but without changing the screen display.
Use the channel SELECT keys to select the tracks
which will be played back. These tracks are always
in pairs.
Press the PITCH/SSA key briefly once again to turn off the
speed change.
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8 − Mastering and CD recorder
Mixdown is the mixing of the audio from every track in a
In this case, you do not need to conduct pre-mastering.
recording into a stereo pair. On the 2488MKII, writing this mix-
down signal to a master stereo recorder is called ”mastering.”
NOTE
These operations all deal with songs on the currently-
selected partition. If the song you want is on another
partition, you must select that disk partition as the
active partition before proceeding (see “Selecting the
You can make an audio CD using the CD-R/CD-RW
recorder built into the 2488MKII.
However, before mastering (burning) a CD, the stereo mix
must first be recorded to an internal stereo master track.
The procedures for burning a CD using the internal CD-R/
CD-RW recorder after recording the stereo mix to an inter-
nal stereo master track are explained below.
You can also send your mixdown signal directly to the
STEREO OUTPUT jacks to record your song on an
attached MD, DAT, cassette or other recording device.
Pre-mastering
As previously mentioned, before burning a CD, the stereo
mix signal must first be recorded to an internal master track.
2
Press the MASTER key to enter pre-mastering mode
(PreMasteringappears at the upper left of the
home screen).
The start of the pre-mastered material is always the
00:00:00:00 point, and the end of the pre-mastered material
is the OUT point.
If any REC indicators are on, they are turned
off, and they cannot be turned on again while
pre-mastering is being carried out.
Before starting the pre-mastering process, make sure that if
you are using the sub-mixer, it is assigned to the stereo bus.
While pre-mastering, transport controls work in the usual
way, except that:
The modes related to pre-mastering include the “pre-
mastering mode” for recording the master track and the
“master check mode” for checking the recorded master
track. Press the MASTER key to cycle through normal,
pre-mastering, and master check modes.
• Playback and fast forward will stop at the OUT point,
and the playback position cannot move past this point.
• Auto punch operations are disabled.
• Jog and trim are disabled.
• Pitch control and SSA are disabled.
• Direct location and repeat playback are disabled.
• Recording is carried out as explained below.
1
Set the OUT point at the end of the material that
you intend to pre-master.
Recording the master track
To record the master track, press and hold the RECORD
key, and then press the PLAY key. Both the PLAY and the
RECORD indicators light.
T I P
While you are recording the master, synchronization
and the sub-mixer can be used to add synchronized
MIDI sound sources to the stereo master mix.
Recording always starts (regardless of the current position)
at 00:00:00:00.
You can set and edit effect parameters and recall effects
from the effect libraries in pre-mastering mode.
The mastering records the effects of all mixer settings and
effect settings, etc.
It is also possible for you to make assignments while mas-
tering, and recall scene memories.
If you stop the recording before the OUT point is reached,
the master recording ends there, and the length of the mas-
ter track is from the 00:00:00:00 point to the point where
you stopped the recording
After recording the master track, you can play back the
master track to check it
When you have mastered the recording, you can either
re-master the recording (simply press and hold the
RECORD key and press the PLAY key again). Therefore,
you can record the master track several times and then use
UNDO to choose one of the earlier recordings. Or proceed
to the master check operation.
NOTE
The minimum length for a CD track is four seconds. Be
sure that all master tracks are at least this long.
The maximum length for a CD track recorded from the
2488MKII is 80 minutes. Master tracks made with the
2488MKII should not exceed this length.
Exiting pre-mastering mode
During the mastering operation, all channel operations
(EQ, send, fader/pan) can be carried out, either from the
2488MKII’s controls, or by means of MIDI commands.
Press the MASTER key once to enter the master check
mode where you can play back and check the master track.
Press the MASTER key again to return to the home screen.
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8 − Mastering and CD recorder
Checking the master
To check the recorded master track, use the master
check mode.
The transport controls work in the following way:
• PLAY plays back from the current position to the end of
the master track.
• REW and F FWD keys rewind and fast-forward as
normal, but the speed does not appear on the screen.
• Press the STOP key to stop playback
• Recording is disabled.
After finishing the pre-mastering, press the MASTER
key to enter master check mode and open the MASTER
CHECK screen. The MASTER CHECK screen shows the
song title and the total time.
• All location functions are disabled.
• Jog, varispeed, SSA, repeat, etc. are disabled.
T I P
While playing back the master track, it is output from
the STEREO (and DIGITAL OUTPUT) jacks as well as
from the MONITOR and PHONES jacks. Therefore,
during pre-mastering or master checking, you can
record the stereo mix signal to an external recording
device (cassette, digital recorder, MD, etc.).
All monitoring is now from the STEREO selection
only. The master track playback sound is not affected
by fader movements or other mixer operations, includ-
ing new assignments.
Exiting master check mode
Press the MASTER key to exit master checking and return
to the home screen.
No faders or other mixer controls (including assignment)
have any effect. The only possible control of the monitor
volume is through the MONITOR LEVEL controls.
Trimming the master
After creating a master track (or sometimes before), if the
recording started too early or ended too late, you can trim
the unwanted time.
3
Set the IN and OUT points at the beginning (IN) and
end (OUT) of the audio that you want to trim. If you
want to trim the start of the master track, set the IN
point at 00:00:00:00, and the OUT point where you
want to start the master track. If you want to trim
the end of the master track, set the IN point where
you want to end the master track and the OUT point
at (or after) the pre-mastering OUT point.
You cannot trim the master track itself during playback,
but since the master track and its source tracks (1–24) use
the same timings, by trimming the source tracks, the mas-
ter track is also trimmed.
Follow these procedures to trim the tracks.
4
5
Use the Track Edit CUT function to cut all tracks
between the IN and the OUT point. Be sure to select
1
Confirm that the 2488MKII is in a “normal” mode
(not master check or pre-mastering mode).
2
Move the playback position to the point that you
want to trim (either the start or the end of the
master track).
Play back the master track, as described above.
The start and end should now be as you want them.
Copying the master track
You can use the CLONE TRACK editing function to copy
the master track to another track (see “CLONE TRACK”
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Creating an audio CD
You can create an audio CD by using the 2488MKII
CD-RW drive to burn the master track to a CD-R/CD-RW
disc. Three audio CD creation methods are available. Track
At Once (TAO) burns CD tracks one at a time, while Disc
At Once (DAO) burns multiple master tracks as CD tracks
at one time. Furthermore, the 2488MKII has a Live Writer
function that uses marks to burn one master track as mul-
tiple CD tracks.
the minimum length of a track is four seconds, and the
maximum track length you can record from the 2488MKII
is 80 minutes.
NOTE
Only one of the above methods can be used in record-
ing a single disc. For example, a disc that has tracks
that were recorded using TAO can have another
CD track added using TAO, but recording with DAO
or Live Writer is not possible. DAO and Live Writer
recording is only possible on a blank disc.
Remember that whichever method you use to record your
CDs, you can record a maximum of 99 tracks on one CD,
Creating an audio CD using TAO
Before starting this operation you must make sure that
there is a recordable disc inserted in the CD-RW drive.
If there is no recordable disc (that is, a CD-R or CD-RW
disc that has not been finalized), the 2488MKII shows an
appropriate message.
4
5
Press YES/ENTER to continue, and NO/EXIT if you
want to choose a different song.
You are asked if you are sure that you want to
record the song. Press YES/ENTER to proceed with
the recording. CD writing begins. Two seconds of
silence are automatically added to the end of each
track recorded to disc.
1
Make sure the 2488MKII is in “normal” mode
(not master check or pre-mastering mode). On the
AUDIO CD menu, move the cursor to CD WRITER
and press YES/ENTER.
NOTE
A pop-up message appears if there is not enough
space on the disc to write a CD track. In this case, you
can adjust the length of the master track (see "Trim-
ming the master" on page 70) or use a different disc.
The 2488MKII checks the disc. After verifying that
the disc is recordable, a list of the pre-mastered
songs on the current partition appears.
All other 2488MKII functions are disabled during
CD writing.
NOTE
If a song has been recorded, but has not been
mastered, it will not appear in the list.
CAUTION
If you want to change partitions, see “Selecting the
DO NOT TURN OFF the 2488MKII while this writing
operation is taking place. You will almost certainly
spoil the disc and may corrupt the song data.
2
Use the JOG/DATA dial to select the song whose
master track you want to write to the CD, and press
the YES/ENTER key.
Do not press the eject button below the disc tray
while a disc is being written. Doing so may cause the
disc writing procedure to fail.
6
To check the recorded disc, use the CD PLAYER
option described below.
3
Choose at this point whether you want to finalize
the disc.
If you finalize the disc at this stage, you will not be
able to add any more CD tracks to it.
T I P
If you do not finalize the disc at this stage, you can
finalize it later in a separate operation.
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Finalizing the disc
When you have recorded the last CD track on a disc, you
must finalize it to make it playable on ordinary CD players.
Before finalizing, you can check the recorded CD tracks
using the 2488MKII’s CD PLAYER function.
2
A pop-up screen asks if you are sure. Press
YES/ENTER to continue, NO/EXIT to stop the
finalize process.
If you continue, the CD session is closed and the
finalizing material (Table of Contents or TOC) is
written to the disc.
The CD-RW drive must contain an unfinalized disc before
you start the process.
1
Make sure the 2488MKII is in “normal” mode
(not master check or pre-mastering mode). On the
AUDIO CD menu, move the cursor to FINALIZE
and press YES/ENTER.
NOTE
You cannot add CD tracks to a finalized disc. You
can only finalize a disc once, and you cannot unfi-
nalize a disc.
During finalizing, the CD-RW drive’s eject button
cannot be used.
Creating an audio CD using DAO
When recording multiple CD tracks at once, you can set
the order in which the tracks are recorded.
4
5
If you have made a mistake in adding a song to the
list, you can remove it by highlighting the title and
pressing the DELETE key.
Once a CD has been made in this way, no further tracks
can be added, as the CD is automatically finalized at the
end of the operation.
When you have added all the songs to the list that
you want to record on the CD, press YES/ENTER.
1
Insert a blank CD-R/CD-RW disc in the CD- RW
drive before starting the following procedures.
NOTE
If you have only selected one song, the procedure
from now is as if you had highlighted the song and
pressed YES/ENTER, as described above. Read that
section, and ignore the remainder of this section.
2
With the 2488MKII stopped in a “normal” mode
(not master check or pre-mastering mode), choose
CD WRITER from the AUDIO CD menu, and
press the YES/ENTER key.
The screen changes to the song order screen (if
you want to return to the song selection screen,
press NO/EXIT).
The 2488MKII checks the disc. After verifying that
the disc is recordable, a list of the pre-mastered
songs on the current partition appears on screen.
NOTE
If a song has been recorded, but has not been
mastered, it will not appear in the list.
If you have a song in another partition which you
want to add to the list in the current partition, you
should copy it from the old partition to the current
3
Use the dial to scroll through the list of songs, and
when you highlight a song that you wish to add to
the final CD, press the INSERT key.
6
7
Use the dial to scroll through the list of songs.
A check mark appears by the title of every selected
song. There is no need to worry about the final
running order of the CD at this stage.
When a song title is highlighted, use the § and ¶
keys to move it up and down in the list. As the song is
moved up and down in the list it remains highlighted.
Select further songs for rearrangement using the dial.
Repeat procedures 6 and 7 as necessary.
8
9
When you have completed the running order,
press YES/ENTER.
The screen changes to the “gap setting” screen.
This allows you to set the gap between tracks
on the CD (press NO/EXIT to return to the song
order screen).
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12 When all the gaps have been set, press YES/ENTER.
A pop-up asks if you are sure. Use the YES/ENTER
key to proceed with writing the CD or the NO/EXIT
key to cancel the operation.
13 When you press YES/ENTER, a disk image is made
of each song in turn, which is then written to the CD.
CD writing begins.
The disc is finalized after writing is finished.
CAUTION
DO NOT TURN OFF the 2488MKII while this writing
operation is taking place. You will almost certainly
spoil the disc and may corrupt the song data.
10 Use the § and ¶ keys to move the cursor to the
gaps between the songs on the CD.
11 Use the dial to set the time in seconds between
songs, from 0.0 seconds (no gap) through 9.9
seconds in 0.1 second steps.
NOTE
During writing the CD-RW drive’s eject button does
not operate. You can only eject the disc after writing
has finished.
NOTE
When you come to play back the disc on a CD player,
the start of the gap will appear as Index 0 on the
track following the gap, and the start of the track
will appear as Index 1. Because the gap counts as a
part of the track, the total length of the track and gap
together cannot exceed 80 minutes.
If you use a CD-RW disc, it may not be playable in
audio CD players that are not designed to handle
CD-RW discs
Creating an audio CD using Live Writer
When you want to make a CD of multiple pieces that have
been recorded continuously, for example, a live perfor-
mance recorded without break, the 2488MKII allows you
to split a single song into several CD tracks. In this kind of
situation, the Live Writer function uses the marks placed in
a song to split a master track into CD tracks when writing
a disc.
3
Insert a blank CD-R/CD-RW disc, and press the
YES/ENTER key. The LIVE WRITER screen opens
and shows a list of CD track times calculated from
the marks inserted in the current song.
NOTE
With this function, the disc is automatically finalized
and you cannot add further tracks to the CD after it
has been made.
To make a CD from the currently loaded song using the
Live Writer function:
1
Insert marks into a song with a recorded master track
at the points where the CD track splits are to occur.
4
5
Press the YES/ENTER key unless there is a problem
with this list. A confirmation message appears.
• Track lengths must be at least 4 seconds, so there
must be at least 4 seconds between marks.
• You can insert up to 98 marks (allowing up to
99 tracks).
Press the YES/ENTER key again to start making the
CD. When the CD is complete, the tray automati-
cally opens, and a message appears asking if you
want to make another copy of the CD.
2
With the 2488MKII stopped, select LIVE
WRITER from the AUDIO CD menu, and press the
YES/ENTER key. The disc tray opens.
6
If you do want to make another copy, insert a blank
CD-R/CD-RW disc and press the YES/ENTER key.
If you do not want to make another CD, press the
NO/EXIT key.
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8 − Mastering and CD recorder
Playing CDs
If an audio CD (either finalized or unfinalized) is inserted
into the 2488MKII’s CD-RW drive, the 2488MKII can
play it back.
The 2488MKII transport controls are used to control play-
back of the CD, as explained here:
• PLAY starts playback from the current playback posi-
tion. When searching for a CD track, the PLAY indica-
tor flashes.
• STOP stops playback at the current position
• REW and F FWD select CD tracks when stopped.
• JOG/DATA dail selects CD tracks when stopped.
The sound is output through the MONITOR and PHONES
jacks. The only control over the sound from the 2488MKII
is through the MONITOR control knob. All other mixer
controls are disabled.
1
Make sure the 2488MKII is in “normal” mode
(not master check or pre-mastering mode). On the
AUDIO CD menu, move the cursor to CD PLAYER
and press YES/ENTER.
All other playback functions are disabled
NOTE
While this screen is displayed (the CD Player func-
tion is active), the eject button on the CD-RW drive
is disabled. To eject the CD, press EXIT to exit the CD
player function, and the CD is then ejected.
The screen shows:
• Whether the disc is finalized or not
• The number of tracks and the total running time of
the disc.
• CD track lists and CD track times
• The current CD track (indicated by an arrow)
• The stereo meters also show the level of the audio
recorded on the disc
CD-RW erase
To erase a CD-RW disc created on the 2488MKII, you
must use this function. You cannot erase such a disc on any
other equipment.
2
3
With the transport stopped, from the DISK menu,
highlight CD-RW ERASE, and press YES/ENTER.
A pop-up confirmation message appears. Press
YES/ENTER to erase the disc.
Also note that you must erase the whole disc. You cannot
erase individual data files (or songs on an audio disc). This
operation cannot be undone. Once the data is erased from
the disc it cannot be recovered from the disc. Make sure
you have copies of any data you might want in the future.
Alternatively, press NO/EXIT to cancel the operation.
After the disc has been erased, the drive tray opens
automatically.
1
Insert the CD-RW disc to be erased into the drive
(use the drive eject key or the tray open/close func-
tion described below to do this).
CD EJECT
You should use this function to open the disc drive tray. It
is important that you do not press the CD-RW drive eject
button while the drive is operational. If you do, it may
cause problems in the operation of the 2488MKII. We
therefore recommend that you always use this CD EJECT
menu item to eject discs.
1
2
With the transport stopped, from the DISK menu,
highlight CD EJECT, and press YES/ENTER.
The tray opens and a pop-up appears. Remove or
change or insert the disc.
You can also open the disc drive by pushing the
eject button.
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9 − Reformatting
discs or a computer’s hard drive, before starting this
the 2488MKII hard disk is divided into a FAT-32 partition
for audio file exchange, and multiple TASCAM partitions.
Do not turn off the power during formatting. This
may lead to the loss of recorded data and/or not be-
ing able to restart the 2488MKII.
You can reformat the entire hard disk or individual partitions.
CAUTION
Reformatting erases all the data on the disk or parti-
tion and it cannot be undone. Back up all the songs
and data that you want to save, using CD-R/CD-RW
Reformatting the entire hard disk
You can change the size of the TASCAM partitions when
you reformat the hard disk. All partitions are created with
the same size, which may be 4, 8, 16 or 32 gigabytes*.
A maximum of four partitions may be allocated.
6
Press YES/ENTER to continue with the format, and
NO/EXIT to stop the process.
CAUTION
While the format operation is taking place, the HD in-
dicator lights and you cannot perform any operations.
Make sure that you do not turn off the 2488MKII dur-
ing the format operation. If the 2488MKII is turned off
during formatting, you may not be able to restart the
unit afterwards.
Note that it is possible to allocate four smaller partitions,
and therefore leave part of the hard disk space unused.
TASCAM native partitions cannot be accessed from a host
computer using USB.
The FAT partition size is always fixed at 8GB.
7
When the format operation is complete, a new blank
song is automatically created on each partition.
* A gigabyte is defined here as 1024 megabytes. A gigabyte
holds just under four hours’ worth of 16-bit mono audio.
1
With the transport stopped, press MENU key.
The MENU screen appears.
2
3
Highlight DISK and press YES/ENTER. Then the
DISK menu appears.
Highlight FORMAT and press YES/ENTER.
The hard disk size is shown at the top of the screen,
and the partition size is shown below this.
4
5
Use the dial to change the partition size.
Press YES/ENTER to continue with the format oper-
ation. Press NO/EXIT to halt the operation.
If you continue with the format, a pop-up message
appears to ask you once again whether you are real-
ly sure you want to format the disk.
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9 − Reformatting
Reformatting TASCAM partitions
In addition to formatting the entire hard disk as described
above, you can also format individual TASCAM partitions.
CAUTION
While the format operation is taking place, the HD in-
dicator lights and you cannot perform any operations.
Make sure that you do not turn off the 2488MKII dur-
ing the format operation.
CAUTION
When you perform this operation, all data on the
selected partition is destroyed. This operation cannot
be undone. Before performing this operation, make
sure that all songs and data that you want to keep are
backed up, either to disc or to a personal computer (see
4
When the format operation is complete, a new blank
song is automatically created on the partition.
1
2
With the transport stopped, from the DISK menu,
highlight REFORM, and press YES/ENTER.
Use the dial to select the partition to be reformat-
ted, Press YES/ENTER.
A pop-up message appears.
3
Ask yourself once more if you want to format the parti-
tion and erase all the data on it. Press YES/ENTER to
continue with the format operation. Press NO/EXIT to
halt the operation.
Reformatting the FAT partition
If you run out of free space on the FAT partition, use the
following procedures to delete all the data on it, and refor-
mat it.
4
When you reformat the FAT partition, four direc-
tories (folders) named WAVE, SMF, BACKUP and
UTILITY are automatically created. These folders
are used for audio files, Standard MIDI Files (SMF)
and backup data and system utilities, respectively.
CAUTION
Do not attempt to format the FAT partition using a com-
puter. Use only this procedure to perform the operation.
CAUTION
When you perform this operation, all existing data on
the FAT partition is destroyed. This operation cannot
be undone. Before performing this operation, make
sure that all data on the FAT that you want to keep
are backed up to a personal computer (see “Backup
Note that it is not possible to erase individual files from the
FAT partition using the 2488MKII alone. To do that, you
must connect the 2488MKII to a computer, and treat the
FAT partition as a computer hard disk.
1
With the transport stopped, from the DISK menu,
highlight FAT REFORM, and press YES/ENTER.
2
3
A pop-up message appears.
Ask yourself once more if you want to erase all
the data on the FAT partition. Press YES/ENTER
to continue with the operation when a pop-up
appears, or press NO/EXIT to halt the operation.
ꢅꢄ
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10 − File import/export
tions regarding the connection of a computer.
imported audio—the 2488MKII cannot magically recreate
the extra eight bits. And if you import a 24-bit audio file
into a 16-bit song, the bottom eight bits will be truncated.
The 2488MKII can import and export the following file types.
SMF
WAV files
When the 2488MKII imports an SMF file, the file is first
passed through the FAT partition before being imported
into a song. The 2488MKII outputs MIDI messages based
on the SMF.
When the 2488MKII imports a WAV file, the file is first
stored on the FAT partition before you import it to a virtual
track. Imported files must have a sampling frequency of
44.1 kHz, and a bit depth of 16 or 24 bits.
Note that if you are importing a 16-bit audio file for use in a
24-bit song, you will only enjoy 16 bits of resolution in the
USB mode
To transfer files and back up and restore data between the
2488MKII and a computer, connect them with a USB cable
and open the 2488MKII's USB mode. When these opera-
tions are finished, close the USB connection and discon-
nect the USB cable.
Opening the USB connection
1
Connect the 2488MKII and the computer with a
USB cable.
key. When the confirmation pop-up screen opens,
press YES/ENTER again.
Use a cable designed for USB 2.0 to assure fast and
accurate data transfer.
The 2488MKII saves unsaved data and then a
pop-up screen saying, USBOPENappears.
2
3
4
With the transport stopped, press the MENU key to
open the MENU screen.
5
While the pop-up screen is visible on the
2488MKII, the 2488MKII should be recognized
as a “removable disc” by the connected computer.
While connected in this way, all the 2488MKII
controls are disabled.
Select DISK, and press the YES/ENTER key to open
the DISK menu.
Select USB OPEN/CLOSE, and press the YES/ENTER
Closing the USB connection
1
Close the USB connection from the computer.
Macintosh OS 9 or OS X
Drag the 2488MKII’s disk icon to the Trash or type
“Command+E” to disconnect (in OS X10.3 and above,
you can also use the eject button for removable media in
the Finder). When the 2488MKII hard disk icon disap-
pears from the desktop, remove the USB cable.
Windows 2000 or Windows XP
A PC card and arrow icon appears in the system tray
(normally at the bottom right of the screen). Left click
this icon to open a pop-up bar.
T I P
If you have changed the settings for the Mac OS
Finder, the 2488MKII hard disk icon may not appear
on the desktop, but it should appear in a top-level
Finder window.
To close the connection between the 2488MKII and
the computer, click this pop-up bar, and when a mes-
sage telling you it is safe to disconnect the 24800MKII
appears on the computer screen, remove the USB cable.
If a message appears on the computer screen telling you
that it is not safe to disconnect the 2488MKII, exit all
programs on the computer that may be accessing files
on the 2488MKII, and try again.
2
To close the USB connection on the 2488MKII,
press and hold the NO/EXIT key on the 2488MKII.
A confirmation message appears
3
Press the YES/ENTER key to close the USB connection.
CAUTION
Do not remove the USB cable while data is being
transferred between the 2488MKII and the computer.
Follow the procedures above first to remove the
cable safely.
TASCAM 2488MKII
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10 − File import/export
USB import (mono WAV files)
When importing mono WAV files from a computer, they
7
Use the dial (or the cursors) to select the wave file
that you want to use. Press YES/ENTER.
1
2
3
With the transport stopped, connect the 2488MKII
and a computer using USB (see “Opening the USB
Drag and drop mono WAV files from your comput-
er’s disk to the WAVE folder on the 2488MKII’s
FAT partition.
Disconnect the 2488MKII and the computer (see
Use the following procedures to copy files from the FAT
partition to virtual tracks.
8
9
Now you can select the virtual track to which the
wave file will be copied. Press YES/ENTER.
4
5
6
With the transport stopped, press MENU. The
MENU screen appears.
A comfirmation pop-up message appears.
Press the YES/ENTER key again to copy the WAV
file to the virtual track.
Select the WAVE IN/OUT and press YES/ENTER.
The WAVE IN/OUT menu screen appears.
To use the imported WAV file, assign the virtual
track containing the file to a physical track (see
Select the USB IMPORT and press YES/ENTER.
10 Repeat procedures 7 to 9 as necessary.
USB import (stereo WAV files)
When importing stereo WAV files from a computer, they
6
7
Select ST.WAV IMPORT, and press the YES/ENTER
key to open the ST.WAV IMPORT screen.
Use the dial (or the cursors) to select the wave file
1
2
3
With the transport stopped, connect the 2488MKII
and a computer by USB (see “Opening the USB
that you want to use. Press YES/ENTER.
Drag and drop stereo wave files from your comput-
er’s disk to the WAVE folder on the 2488MKII
FAT partition.
Disconnect the 2488MKII and the computer (see
Follow the procedures below to copy a file from the FAT
partition to a virtual track pair assigned to a physical
track pair.
4
With the transport stopped, press MENU. The
MENU screen appears.
8
Now you can select the physical track pairs to which
the wave file will be copied. Press YES/ENTER.
5
Select the WAVE IN/OUT and press YES/ENTER.
The WAVE IN/OUT menu screen appears.
You can choose from mono track pairs 1/2–11/12 for stereo
track 13/14–23/24 afor physical track pair.
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10 − File import/export
USB import (SMF files)
You can also import Standard MIDI Files through the USB
connection. For full details on how to use SMF files, see
1
With the transport stopped, connect the 2488MKII
and a computer by USB (see “Opening the USB
2
Drag and drop SMF from your computer’s disk to the
SMF folder on the 2488MKII FAT partition.
You can drag and drop multiple files.
3
Disconnect the 2488MKII and the computer (see
Follow the procedures below to load a file from the FAT
partition to the 2488MKII's SMF player.
4
With the transport stopped, press MENU.
The MENU screen appears.
5
6
Select the SYNC/MIDI and press YES/ENTER. The
SYNC/MIDI menu screen appears.
When SMF PLAYER appears in inverse, press the
YES/ENTER key to open the SMF PLAYER screen.
7
Use the cursors to select LOAD, then press YES/ENTER.
8
Move the cursors to the file you want to load, and
press YES/ENTER.
NOTE
Note that there is no SMF export function (the
2488MKII cannot create or edit MIDI sequences).
TASCAM 2488MKII
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10 − File import/export
USB export (virtual tracks)
This is basically the reverse of the import procedure. First,
select a virtual track and then export its contents to the
FAT partition before connecting the 2488MKII to the com-
puter and copying the file.
7
Press the YES/ENTER key.
The audio data on the virtual track is converted to
a WAV file and copied to the FAT partition.
Press the NO/EXIT key to cancel export.
1
2
3
With the transport stopped, press MENU to open
the MENU screen.
8
9
With the transport stopped, connect the 2488MKII
and a computer using USB (see “Opening the USB
Select the WAVE IN/OUT and press YES/ENTER.
The WAVE IN/OUT menu screen appears.
Use the computer to copy the files from the
2488MKII to the computer's hard disk.
When USB EXPORT appears in inverse, press the
YES/ENTER.
10 Disconnect the 2488MKII and the computer (see
A list of virtual tracks with recorded audio data appears.
4
Use the JOG/DATA dial (or §/¶ cursor keys) to
select the virtual track for export, and press the
INSERT key to put a check mark next to its name.
You can export many virtual tracks at the same
time by checking multiple virtual tracks for export.
If you accidentally place a check mark next to a
virtual track that you do not want to export, press
the DELETE key to remove the check mark.
5
After selecting the virtual tracks for export, press
the YES/ENTER key
A pop-up message appears.
6
Select the final bit depth (RESOLUTION) of the exported
files (16 or 24 bits). The file size of the exported
data changes according to the bit depth.
ꢆ0
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10 − File import/export
Exporting master tracks
4
Use the JOG/DATA dial (or §/¶ cursor keys) to
select a master track for export and press the
INSERT key to put a check mark by the master
track. You can convert many master tracks into
stereo WAV files and send them to the FAT parti-
tion at the same time by checking all the master
tracks that you want to export.
You can export one or more master tracks to a computer.
The master tracks must all reside on the same TASCAM
partition. Master tracks are converted to stereo WAV files,
and sent to the FAT partition, from where they can be
copied to the computer. Regardless of the master track bit
depth, the exported stereo WAV file is 16-bit.
1
With the transport stopped, press the MENU key to
Use the DELETE key to remove a check mark.
Press the YES/ENTER key.
open the MENU screen.
5
6
2
Use the JOG/DATA dial (or §/¶ cursor keys) to
select WAVE IN/OUT, and press the YES/ENTER
key to open the WAVE IN/OUT menu.
A confirmation screen appears.
Press the YES/ENTER key again to convert the
master track into a stereo WAV file and send it to
the FAT partition.
3
When MASTER EXPORT is highlighted, press the
YES/ENTER key to view a list of songs with record-
ed master track.
When the operation is completed, the home
screen appears.
To cancel transfer to the FAT partition, press the
NO/EXIT key instead of the YES/ENTER key.
7
With the transport stopped, connect the 2488MKII
and the computer using USB (see “Opening the
8
9
Use the computer to copy the WAV file(s) from the
2488MKII to the computer.
Disconnect the 2488MKII and the computer (see
Importing from CD (mono WAV files)
The 2488MKII can only read mono WAV format files from
the top-level directory (root) of a data disc with no other
files on the disc. Files in subdirectories cannot be imported.
5
Use the dial (or the cursors) to select the wave file to
be imported, and press YES/ENTER.
When these files are imported, they are copied to virtual
tracks, which must then be assigned to physical tracks to
be used.
1
2
Insert the disc containing the files into the CD-RW drive.
With the transport stopped, press the MENU key to
open the MENU screen.
3
4
When WAVE IN/OUT appears in inverse, press the
YES/ENTER key to open the WAVE IN/OUT menu.
Select CD IMPORT and press YES/ENTER.
6
7
Select the destination virtual track for WAV file
import, and press the YES/ENTER key. A confirma-
tion message appears.
Press the YES/ENTER key again to copy the WAV
file to the virtual track.
To cancel file import, press the NO/EXIT key
instead of the YES/ENTER key.
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10 − File import/export
Exporting to CD (virtual tracks)
You can convert virtual tracks to WAV files and export
them to a CD-R/CD-RW disc.
Even if the song is recorded at 24-bit resolution, you can
export 16-bit WAV files.
1
2
Insert a blank CD-R or CD-RW into the CD-RW drive.
With the transport stopped, press the MENU key to
open the MENU screen.
3
4
When WAVE IN/OUT appears in inverse, press the
YES/ENTER key to open the WAVE IN/OUT menu.
Select CD EXPORT and press YES/ENTER.
A list of virtual tracks with recorded audio data appears.
5
Use the JOG/DATA dial (or §/¶ cursor keys) to
select a virtual track for export and press the
INSERT key to put a check mark next to the track
name. You can export many virtual tracks at the
same time by adding check marks by multiple
tracks. If you accidentally place a check mark next
to a virtual track that you do not want to export,
press the DELETE key to remove the check mark.
6
After selecting all the virtual tracks that you want
to export, press the YES/ENTER key.
A pop-up message appears.
7
8
Select the final bit depth (RESOLUTION) of the exported
files (16 or 24 bits). The file size of the exported
data changes according to the bit depth.
Press YES/ENTER to copy the virtual tracks to
the disc.
To cancel the export, press NO/EXIT.
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11 − Backup and restoration
Backup
You can use the 2488MKII’s CD-RW drive to back up your
work to disc. You can either use CD-R media (cheaper, but
you can only use it once) or CD-RW media (slightly more
expensive, but you can erase and reuse it many times).
8
Continue the process if more discs are needed until
the backup is complete.
NOTE
If you are backing up to more than one disc, you must
ensure that the discs are identical (from the same
manufacturer). Even if two discs from different manu-
facturers have the same stated capacity, you may not
be able to use them in the same backup operation.
NOTE
The operations all deal with songs on the currently-
selected partition. If the song you want is on another
partition, you must select another disk partition as
the active partition before proceeding (see “Selecting
CAUTION
Never turn off the 2488MKII's power when data is
being written to disc. If the power is turned off in
the middle of a backup, the loaded disc may become
unusable and song data could be damaged.
A disc that you make in this way is not an audio CD—
you cannot play it on a CD player, and it can be read only
by a 2488MKII.
Do not press the disc tray eject button when data is
being written to disc as this may cause the operation
to fail.
NOTE
Observe the usual precautions when working with
recordable media: handle discs by their edges, avoid
getting fingerprints or grease on the recording sur-
face, and keep them clean. Also, avoid using hard
pens or pencils or oil-based markers to label the discs.
1
2
Insert a blank CD-R or CD-RW disc in the disc drive.
With the transport stopped, press the MENU key
and select DATA BACKUP, then press YSE/ENTER.
The DATA BACKUP menu appears.
3
Select CD BACKUP and press YSE/ENTER.
5
Select your song using the dial (or the cursors) and
press YES/ENTER. A pop-up message appears tell-
ing you how many discs will be needed to back up
the song.
6
7
Press YES/ENTER again. A pop-up message tells
you the progress of the backup operation.
A backup may span more than one disc.
When the backup is complete or if the first disc
is full, the disc drive tray opens. Remove the disc,
label it and store it in a safe place.
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11 − Backup and restoration
Restoring from CD
If you ever need to restore your data from a data backup
CD or CDs, you basically reverse the process.
If you insert the wrong disc (out of sequence or from a dif-
ferent backup set), the 2488MKII ejects the “bad” disc and
asks you again for the correct one. If you really cannot find
the right disc, you must press NO/EXIT to cancel the restore.
Before you start restoring a song, make sure that you have
all the discs that were used to back up the song.
NOTE
If some of the discs are missing, you will not be able to
restore the song (you cannot load half a song).
If you cancel the restore operation part of the way
through, none of the song is restored, and the
2488MKII goes back to the state before the restore
was started.
1
Put the first (or only, if there is only one) disc of the
backup set into the CD-RW drive.
2
With the transport stopped, press the MENU
6
When data is restored from the last disc, the disc is
ejected, and the restored song is loaded.
key. From the DATA BACKUP menu, select CD
RESTORE. The 2488MKII reads the title of the song
from the disc and asks you if you want to continue.
3
4
Press YES/ENTER to continue, NO/EXIT to eject the
disc and cancel the operation.
If you go ahead with the restore, the 2488MKII
copies the data from the disc to the active disk par-
tition. A bar graph on screen shows the progress.
5
If the backup is spanning more than one disc, when
the first disc has been read, it is ejected, and a mes-
sage asks you to put in the next disc. Insert the next
disc and press YES/ENTER.
To cancel restoration, press the NO/EXIT key
instead of the YES/ENTER key. You cannot cancel a
restoration once it has started.
Using USB for backup and restore
By using a USB cable to connect the 2488MKII and a per-
sonal computer, it is possible to back up songs and restore
them to and from the computer’s disk drive.
NOTE
We recommend that you always use a cable designed
for USB 2.0 operations to ensure accurate and fast
data transfer.
Song data that has been backed up this way is not audio
data and therefore cannot be played back on a computer.
tions regarding the connection of a computer.
It is also possible to use the USB connection to import
and export audio files. See “File import/export” on page
77 for details.
The 2488MKII and USB data transfer is carried out at USB
2.0 speeds (if your computer uses the older 1.1 USB stan-
dard, it will still work, just slower). Consult your computer
documentation for details.
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11 − Backup and restoration
Backing up
If you do not understand the 2488MKII’s disk arrangement,
7
Disconnect the 2488MKII and the computer (see
Backup to a computer connected via USB is a two-stage
process. The first stage is copying the song data from a
TASCAM partition to the FAT partition, and the second
stage is copying it from the FAT partition to the computer.
T I P
If you repeat this process many times, you may find that
the FAT partition fills up. You can manage the files on
the FAT partition from your computer, as well as erasing
the FAT partitions’s contents from the 2488MKII.
To backup:
1
With the transport stopped, press the MENU key.
Note that you do not have to connect the 2488MKII
to the computer at this stage.
From the DATA BACKUP menu, select USB
BACKUP. The screen shows a list of songs on the
current partition, and their size.
2
3
Note the size of the free space available on the
FAT partition, and select a song which will fit
onto that partition.
Press YES/ENTER when you’ve selected the song.
The HD indicator flashes as the song data is copied.
• The song files in the FAT partition will appear as
“8.3” filenames, rather than with the 12-character
internal names. The “real” longer names are stored
as a part of the song.
• If the data for a single song exceeds 4 GB, the song
file backup is split into 2 parts. Make sure these
files are kept together.
4
5
When the copy is finished, attach the 2488MKII to
your computer using a USB 2.0 cable.
Select the DISK option and press YES/ENTER and
then select the USB OPEN/CLOSE option and press
page 77). The 2488MKII will appear as a remov-
able disk on your computer system.
6
Drag and drop the song file from the 2488MKII
to your computer’s disk. You can then archive it,
burn a backup CD-R, etc. Note that you should not
rename it at all—when you come to restore it, the
2488MKII needs the filename in its original state as
it came from the 2488MKII.
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11 − Backup and restoration
Restoring
This is basically the reverse of the backup process. The archived
song data is copied from the computer onto the 2488MKII’s
FAT partition and from there onto a TASCAM partition.
1
With the transport stopped, connect the 2488MKII
and a computer using USB (see “Opening the USB
2
Drag and drop a song file from the computer’s disk to
the BACKUP folder in the 2488MKII FAT partition.
If the song file backup has 2 parts, both parts must
be placed in the BACKUP folder of the FAT parti-
tion for the song to be restored.
3
4
Close the USB connection, and disconnect the
2488MKII from the computer (see “Closing the
Press the MENU key. From the DATA BACKUP
menu, select USB RESTORE.
At the bottom of the screen, the restore source par-
tition (FAT), and the restore destination partition
(TASCAM partition), and the amounts of unused
space on the destination partition are shown.
5
6
Use the dial to select the backup file from which to
restore the song, and then press YES/ENTER.
A pop-up message giving the song name appears.
Press YES/ENTER to restore the song, NO/EXIT to
abort the operation.
The HD indicator flashes as the song is copied from
the FAT partition to the TASCAM partition.
7
When the copy is finished, the song is automatically
loaded and becomes your current working song.
You can then use the song management features
to load another song, if you want (“First steps in
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12 − Tempo and MIDI
The 2488MKII has tempo control functions that include
a tempo map and a metronome. Furthermore, it supports
many MIDI functions including synchronization with
external devices through MTC and MIDI Clock, SMF
playback, MMC remote control, and control over the
2488MKII’s mixer/effect parameters through program
changes and control changes.
Tempo/synchronization and other MIDI-related menu opera-
tions are accessed through the MENU’s SYNC/MIDI menu.
Metronome
The metronome is an important tool to keep you in time
while you play. The 2488MKII’s metronome can be a
MIDI note output to an external tone generator, or it can be
an audio click.
2
4
Select whether the OUTPUT is an internal audio click
(INTERNAL) or a MIDI note sent from the MIDI OUT
terminal (MIDI).
If set to INTERNAL, the 2488MKII generates an
internal audio click. The internal click is output
from the MONITOR OUT and PHONES jacks. The
level can be set between 0 and 127.
1
With the transport stopped, from the SYNC/MIDI
screen, select METRONOME, and press YES/ENTER.
If MIDI is chosen, the following parameters can be set:
You can select the following metronome modes.
FREE: When the CLICK key is ON, a click will
sound during both recording and playback accord-
ing to the tempo and time signature set on the
FREE METRONOME screen (see “Using the met-
ronome” below).
Select the MIDI channel (MIDI Ch 10 is usually
reserved for drums and percussion), and the Note
and Velocity used for the Accent (the first note of
each bar) and Normal beats.
REC: When the CLICK key is ON, a click will sound
during recording according to the tempo and
time signature set on the TEMPO MAP screen or
according to the selected SMF (see “Tempo map”
Use e the CLICK key to turn the metronome on
(indicator lights orange) and off (indicator goes
off). The indicator lights orange while waiting, and
while the click is output, flashes red to mark the
start of a bar, and green for other beats.
REC&PLAY: When the CLICK key is ON, a click
will sound during recording and during playback
according to the tempo and time signature set on
the TEMPO MAP screen or according to the select-
Using the metronome
Use the CLICK key above the transport keys to turn metro-
nome output ON and OFF. When ON, it operates according
to the selected metronome mode.
ª In FREE mode
A click is output according to the tempo and time signature
set on the FREE METRONOME screen. The CLICK indi-
cator flashes red on the first beat (accent) of each bar, and
flashes green on the other beats.
FREE METRONOME screen
1
Press and hold the CLICK key to open the FREE
METRONOME screen.
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2
3
Set the tempo with the TEMPO item between 20 and
250 BPM.
ª In REC mode or REC&PLAY mode
During recording in REC mode, or during recording or
playback in REC&PLAY mode, a click is output accord-
ing to the tempo and time signature set on the TEMPO
MAP screen or based on an SMF. During click output, the
CLICK indicator flashes red on the first beat (accent) of
each bar, and flashes green on the other beats.
Set the time signature with the TIME SIG. item.
NOTE
The FREE METRONOME screen does not appear if the
metronome mode is set to anything other than FREE
or if the SMF player is ON (see "SMF playback" on
page 90).
When there is no click output, the CLICK indicator
lights orange.
Tempo map
Creation of a tempo map is necessary to change tempo or
time signature in the middle of a song.
NOTE
Set the metronome to any mode other than FREE and
turn the SMF player OFF when using a tempo map.
Setting the tempo
1
From the SYNC/MIDI menu item, select TEMPO
MAP and press YES/ENTER.
The second and following lines show each tempo
change in the song, with the change point (bar and beat)
and the new tempo. These settings can be changed.
The TEMPO MAP screen will open. This screen
shows a list of tempo change points in the song.
If the tempo of a song never changes, there will only
be one line.
At the bottom of the screen, the time signature of
the line currently selected by the cursor is shown
(please see the next section, “Time signature” for
details about how to set this).
You can input up to 9999 tempo changes in one
song. Tempos can be set between 20.0 and 250.0
beats per minute.
2
3
Use the cursor keys to navigate around the screen,
and the dial to change values.
The first line shows the tempo at the start of the song.
Use the INSERT key to add a new line (tempo change)
to the map, and the DELETE key to delete lines.
Time signature setting
You must set the time signature setting for a song to dis-
play bars and beats accurately during playback.
Music in the 4/4 time signature is common worldwide, but
music in triple meter (e.g. 3/4), duple meter (e.g. 2/4), and
odd-meters (e.g. 5/4) are also frequent. Time signatures
may even change in the middle of a piece of music.
The 2488MKII can display bars and beats for all of these
types of music.
The setting procedures are explained below. Adding time
signature changes works the same way as adding changes
in the tempo map.
The first line is the time signature setting at the
start of the song.
1
Select TIME SIGNATURE from the SYNC/MIDI
menu and press the YES/ENTER key to open the
TIME SIGNATURE screen. This screen shows time
signature changes in the song as a list.
The following lines show time signature changes,
with the point of change (bar) and new time signa-
ture setting.
If the time signature in a song never changes, only
one line appears.
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12 − Tempo and MIDI
2
3
Use the cursor keys to move the cursor around the
screen, and use the JOG/DATA dial to set the values.
4
Press the YES/ENTER key when you are finished
making settings.
To add a time signature change, place the cursor
on the time signature line that is after the location
where you want to add a time signature change and
press the INSERT key.
To erase a time signature change, select the line
you want to remove with the cursor and press the
DELETE key.
MIDI synchronization
The 2488MKII can synchronize to external MIDI Time
Code (MTC) or can generate MTC in order to synchronize
other MIDI devices.
ª MIDI clock
MIDI Clock and associated MIDI commands (Start/Stop,
Song Position Pointer etc.) can be transmitted from the
2488MKII when it is in INTERNAL mode and the GENERATOR
parameter is set to CLOCK. In this setting, the 2488MKII can
be used to control an external sequencers, drum machines, etc.
whose audio outputs are fed to the 2488MKII.
Other devices may be sequencers or DAWs which are
enabled for MTC.In addition it is capable of generating
MIDI Clock commands which are typically used by drum
and rhythm machines, as well as by some sequencers.
With the transport stopped, from the SYNC/MIDI menu,
NOTE
select the SYNC option and press YES/ENTER:
Remember that there is no absolute time information
contained in this MIDI Clock data. Any external devic-
es synchronized to the 2488MKII which need timing
information should either be synchronized using MTC,
or have their own tempo maps.
• SOURCE can be INTERNAL (the 2488MKII acts as the
master unit) or EXTERNAL (the 2488MKII takes its
synchronization from another unit).
• FRAME TYPE refers to the format of the MTC sent and
received by the 2488MKII. This can be either 24 (film),
25 (EBU TV), 29D (29 fps drop-frame, used with NTSC
color), 29ND (29fps non-drop, also used with NTSC
color), or 30 (NTSTC monochrome and often used for
audio-only work)
• OFFSET allows you to select the offset of the 2488MKII
relative to the incoming time code (outgoing time code is
always the same as the absolute position). For example,
your song always starts at the “all zeroes” position, but
if you are dubbing it onto video at 30 minutes into the
video, you should have an offset of 30 minutes set here.
• GENERATOR can be OFF, MTC or CLOCK. OFF and MTC
explain themselves. See below for an explanation of the
CLOCK setting.
T I P
Timecode (including MTC) does not include any infor-
mation about bars and beats or tempo. MIDI Clock
does not contain any information about the absolute
time at which events take place.
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12 − Tempo and MIDI
SMF playback
The Standard MIDI File (SMF) format is used to exchange
MIDI song data between sequencers, including sequencer
software, and other MIDI devices.
Follow the procedures explained in “USB import (SMF
files)” on page 79 to transfer an SMF file from a connected
computer to the 2488MKII’s FAT partition and then load it
from the FAT partition to the SMF player.
To open the SMF PLAYER screen, highlight SMF PLAYER
from the SYNC/MIDI menu and press the YES/ENTER key.
On this screen, you can set the SPEED and PLAYER ON/OFF
items. The SPEED parameter is a percentage of the original
tempo.
• The SPEED item setting allows the speed of the entire
piece to be adjusted including any tempo changes
included as part of the SMF.
• If the PLAYER item is ON, you can use the 2488MKII's
SMF playback function to control external MIDI devic-
es. If you connect the audio outputs of those devices to
the 2488MKII's audio inputs, you can then record those
externally-generated MIDI tracks.
The LENGTH item on the screen shows the number of bars in
the SMF. The numbers 1–16 in the lower part correspond
to MIDI channels, with those used by the SMF shown in
inverse.
NOTE
When the SMF player is ON, you cannot use the FREE
metronome mode or a tempo map.
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12 − Tempo and MIDI
MIDI remote control
From the SYNC/MIDI menu, this REMOTE option allows
the setting of a number of parameters connected with
remote control of the 2488MKII.
ª REMOTE CONTROL
When PROGRAM CHANGE SCENE is ON, received Program
Change messages change scenes on the 2488MKII. When
PROGRAM CHANGE EFF is ON, received Program Change mes-
sages change the 2488MKII effects. When CONTROL CHANGE
is ON, received Control Change messages control the
2488MKII's mixer and effect parameters.
MIDI messages can be used for remote control of the
2488MKII’s mixer, effects and recorder.
ª MMC MODE
Sets the transmission mode for MMC (MIDI Machine Control).
OFF: MMC is not transmitted or received.
MASTER: The 2488MKII is an MMC master.
SLAVE: The 2488MKII is an MMC slave.
When the 2488MKII is an MMC master, MMC com-
mands are sent from its MIDI OUT, for remote control of
external MMC slaves (including other 2488MKII units).
When the 2488MKII acts as an MMC slave, MMC com-
mands are received through its MIDI IN, and external
MIDI devices or another 2488MKII can remotely control
the 2488MKII's recorder.
ª MMC Device ID
Sets the MMC device ID. Select 1 to 127 or ALL. MMC
commands are sent and received between masters and
slaves with the same device IDs, but when ALL is selected,
MMC commands are sent and received for all IDs.
NOTE
MMC is used for remote transport control of MMC-
equipped devices, while MTC (MIDI Time Code) is used
to synchronize MTC-equipped devices.
Note that the MMC mode and MMC device ID are not
related to mixer and effect remote control.
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13 − General preferences
There are four sets of general preferences that you
can make in order to customize the 2488MKII to
your working style. Access all of these through the
PREFERENCE menu.
Global preferences
These all affect the overall operation of the 2488MKII.
meters hold the value for a second or so and then drop
back, or KEEP, where the peak value is always shown on
screen until this value is changed. You can also press the
HOME key when the SHIFT indicator is lit.
Use the cursor keys to highlight the parameter, and the dial
to change it.
T I P
The KEEP setting is useful if you want a permanent
record of the highest value, but you cannot keep your
eyes on the meters during the whole take or rehearsal.
ª Meter release time
The meter “drop-back” time can be configured to be from
30 ms to 100 ms in 10 ms steps using the cursor keys to
highlight the parameter, and the dial to change it.
ª Key sense time
Some of the keys on the unit have two different functions,
depending on whether they are pressed and released in a
short space of time, or whether they are pressed and held
down for a longer period.
Note that the meters are always peak meters, and the rise
time is fixed.
The pitch control is a good example of this. If the PITCH/SSA
key is pressed and released briefly, the pitch control is turned
on. If it is pressed and held for the time set here, a screen
appears allowing you to make the settings for the pitch and the
slow speed audition functions.
ª Shift key behavior
The SHIFT key can be used in one of three ways, as set by
this parameter:
AUTO SAFE: This is the factory setting. The SHIFT
key functions for a few seconds after it is pressed. It
becomes inactive after you press another key or when
the shift indicator light goes out.
The setting for the key sense time is from 0.3 to 2.0 seconds,
in 0.1 second steps. The factory setting is 0.5 seconds.
ª Meter peak hold mode
HOLD: The SHIFT key remains active after you press it
until you press another key or press the SHIFT key again.
The meters shown on the home screen and other pages
can be configured to hold the peak value.
UNLOCK: The SHIFT key is active only when you press
and hold it down as you press another key.
This parameter can take the following values: OFF; where
the meters do not hold the peak value at all, ON; the peak
Mixer preferences
There are three options here:
REAL: if the internal fader level is changed using a
scene change or a MIDI Control Change, this is ignored.
The actual physical fader is the only way in which the
fader level is set.
JUMP: the internal fader level jumps to the level set
by the physical fader as soon as the physical fader is
moved. Since this can result in sudden changes in vol-
ume, resulting in possible damage to hearing and moni-
toring equipment, this option should be used with cau-
tion.
ª Fader matching
CATCH: the fader level remains the same initially.
However, if you then move the physical fader so that
the physical level becomes the internal level (the faders
The option affects the way in which the physical and the
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13 − General preferences
“catch” the internal level), the physical level changes at
Press the YES/ENTER key to confirm the setting.
that point. This ensures that there are no sudden leaps in
volume due to a difference between the physical fader
and the internal setting.
This assignment is not made until the YES/ENTER key
is pressed, with the digital source connected, and is not
stored as part of the song information.
NOTE
The 2488MKII can accept digital audio from 44.1 kHz sources.
Note that the setting made for this option will apply
to the current song, and any songs loaded afterwards,
until the setting is changed.
ª Digital input channel selection
Use the DIGITAL INPUT item to assign the digital input to a
pair of input channels (A/B, C/D, E/F, G/H).
Select OFF if you are not using the digital input.
Recorder preferences
These preferences affect the recorder operation:
There are only two parameters here, used to change the
pre-roll and post-roll times of the auto punch operation (see
User words
When titling songs, marks, virtual tracks, effect settings
and other items, you can use preset words or phrases.
The 2488MKII comes with many standard useful phrases,
but if you are playing a style of music not catered for by these
words, you can use this preference screen to add your own
words (up to 12 characters long), for example BANJO SOLO.
Select the word to be edited and then press TITLE (shifted
Press YES/ENTER when you have finished editing the word.
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14 − Specifications, etc.
Specifications
Audio connections
MIC/LINE inputs (A to D)
Combined XLR-1/4" TRS connector
XLR
Input impedance: 2 kΩ
Input level: –57 dBu (MIC) to –10 dBu (LINE)
Nominal input level: –10 dBu
Maximum input level: +6 dBu
1/4” TRS
Input impedance: 8 kΩ
Input level: –43 dBu (MIC) to +4 dBu (LINE)
Nominal input level: +4 dBu
Maximum input level: +20 dBu
MIC/LINE inputs (E to H)
1/4" TRS connectors (input H also has a GUITAR front panel unbalanced 1/4”
Input impedance: 4 kΩ
Input level: –43 dBu (MIC) to +4 dBu (LINE)
Nominal input level: +4 dBu
Maximum input level: +20 dBu
Input H (GUITAR) Input impedance: 1 MΩ
Input level: –55 dBu to –8 dBu
Normal input level: -8 dBu
Maximum input level: +8 dBu
STEREO L/R outputs
EFFECT SENDS 1 and 2
MONITOR L/R outputs
2 x unbalanced RCA jacks
Output impedance: 100 Ω
Nominal output level: –10 dBV
Maximum output level: +6 dBV
1 x unbalanced 1/4" jack per send
Output impedance: 100 Ω
Nominal output level: –10 dBV
Maximum output level: +6 dBV
2 x TRS balanced TRS 1/4" jacks
Output impedance: 100 Ω
Nominal output level: –2 dBu
Maximum output level: +14 dBu
PHONES
Stereo 1/4" jack
Maximum output level 55 mW + 55 mW (into 30 Ω)
DIGITAL input
DIGITAL output
RCA jack
Data format: IEC60958 consumer use (S/PDIF)
RCA jack
Data format: IEC60958 consumer use (S/PDIF)
Audio performance
Sampling frequency:
Bit depth (resolution):
Crossfade time:
44.1 kHz
16-bit/24-bit (user-selectable, per song)
10 ms
Number of tracks
24 (8 may be recorded simultaneously)
Frequency response
at min.)
INPUTS A to H STEREO/MONITOR/EFFECT SEND: 20 Hz — 20 kHz +1.0/–1.0 dB (trim
Noise level (inputs with 150 Ω terminator, INPUTS A to H STEREO/EFFECT SEND: <90 dBV MONITOR <82 dBu (trim at min.)
faders at nominal, 20kLPF+A curve)
Dynamic range
Crosstalk
Faders at nominal, INPUTS A to H STEREO/EFFECT SEND/MONITOR: >96 dB
20kLPF+A curve
Faders at nominal, INPUTS A to H STEREO/EFFECT SEND/MONITOR: >80 dB @ 1 kHz (trim at minimum,
20kLPF+A curve 1 input at max)
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14 − Specifications, etc.
Total Harmonic
Distortion
Inputs at Max,
20kLPF
INPUTS A to H STEREO/EFFECT SEND/MONITOR: < 0.01% (trim at min.)
Physical specifications, etc.
Dimensions (w x d x h)
545 x 355 x 145 (mm), 21.5 x 14 x 5.7 (in.)
Weight
8 kg (17.6 lbs)
Power requirements
USA/Canada
U.K./Europe
Australia
120 VAC, 60 Hz
230 VAC, 50 Hz
240 VAC, 50 Hz
Power consumption
41 W
Dimensional drawing
545 mm (21.5")
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Appendix
MIDI Control/Program change message
The following are the MIDI Control Change messages
accepted by the 2488MKII to control different settings.
When used with an external sequencer, this provides a
certain degree of automation for mixing, etc.
Mixer Control Change parameters
The Bank Select controller is used with channel 15 to
choose which group of eight channels or inputs are affect-
ed. It is therefore necessary to send a MIDI message of BE
00 XX (where XX selects the group of eight channels or
inputs) before sending the Control Change messages on the
appropriate MIDI channel.
Bank 0: Mixer channels 1 though 8
Bank 1: Mixer channels 9 through 16
Bank 2: Mixer channels 17 through 24
Bank 3: Inputs A through H
Once the group has been selected, use MIDI channels 1
through 8 to control the mixer channels or inputs or MIDI
channel 16 for the stereo master or send master).
1–8
MIDI channel
16
Mixer/Input channel
STEREO/MASTER
Control Change
Number
Parameter
Values
7
Internal Level
Pan
0 - 127 (0= –∞ dB, 100 = 0 dB, 127 = +6 dB)
1 = L63, 64 = Center, 127 = R63
10
11
—
Attenuation
0 – 8 = –42, –36, –30, –24, –18, –12, –6, 0, +6 (dB)
0 – 31 = 32, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 125, 150, 175, 200, 225, 250, 300, 350, 400,
450, 500, 600, 700, 800, 850, 900, 950, 1.0k, 1.1k, 1.2k, 1.3k, 1.4k, 1.5k, 1.6k (Hz)
16
17
Low Freq
Low Gain
0 – 24 = –12 to +12 (dB)
0 – 63 = 32, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 125, 150, 175, 200, 225, 250, 300, 350, 400,
450, 500, 600, 700, 800, 850, 900, 950, 1.0k, 1.1k, 1.2k, 1.3k, 1.4k, 1.5k, 1.6k, 1.7k,
1.8k, 1.9k, 2.0k, 2.2k, 2.4k, 2.6k, 2.8k, 3.0k, 3.2k, 3.4k, 3.6k, 3.8k, 4.0k, 4.5k, 5.0k,
5.5k, 6.0k, 6.5k, 7.0k, 7.5k, 8.0k, 9.0k, 10k, 11k, 12k, 13k, 14k, 15k, 16k, 17k, 18k (Hz)
18
Mid Freq
19
20
Mid Gain
Mid Q
0 – 24 = –12 to +12 (dB)
0 - 6 = 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16
32 – 63 = 1.7k, 1.8k, 1.9k, 2.0k, 2.2k, 2.4k, 2.6k, 2.8k, 3.0k, 3.2k, 3.4k, 3.6k, 3.8k,
4.0k, 4.5k, 5.0k, 5.5k, 6.0k, 6.5k, 7.0k, 7.5k, 8.0k, 9.0k, 10k, 11k, 12k, 13k, 14k, 15k,
16k, 17k, 18k (Hz)
21
High Freq
High Gain
22
23
24
25
80
81
82
83
84
0 – 24 = –12 to +12 (dB)
LOOP Effect Level 0 – 127 (0= –∞ dB, 100 = 0 dB, 127 = +6 dB)
(MASTER LEVEL)
(MASTER LEVEL)
(MASTER LEVEL)
EFFECT1 Level
EFFECT2 Level
EQ SW
0 – 127 (0= –∞ dB, 100 = 0 dB, 127 = +6 dB)
0 – 127 (0= –∞ dB, 100 = 0 dB, 127 = +6 dB)
0, 1 = OFF, ON
LOOP Effect Pos 0, 1 ,2 = OFF, PRE, POST
EFFECT1 Pos
EFFECT2 Pos
Phase
0, 1, 2 = OFF, PRE, POST
0, 1, 2 = OFF, PRE, POST
0, 1 = N, R
—
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Appendix
Effect parameter change MIDI messages
Use the following MIDI channels to send messages to the
ª Example effect parameter change
This example shows the MIDI bytes (in hexadecimal nota-
tion) needed to set the ratio of a compressor effect on mixer
channel 9.
Channels 1 through 8 are used for mic effects. The Bank
Select controller is used with channel 14 to choose which
group of eight channels or inputs is affected.
Note how Control Changes 6 and 38 (decimal) are used for
data entry.
Bank 0: Mixer channels 1 though 8
Bank 1: Mixer channels 9 through 16
Bank 2: Mixer channels 17 through 24
Bank 3: Inputs A through H
Control Changes 96 and 97 (decimal) are used for incre-
ment and decrement as well.
MIDI message
Meaning
Channel 9 is used to control the stereo dynamics processor effect.
Channel 10 is used to control the single effect.
Channel 11 is used to control the multi-effect.
(hexadecimal)
BD 00 01
B0 63 00
B0 62 01
Sends a Control Change 0 (Bank Select)
message on channel 14 to select bank 1
The way in which the effects are controlled is by the use of
NRPN (non-Registered Parameters).
Sends NPRN MSB to 2nd channel in group
(mixer channel 9) on MIDI channel 1
Sends 1 as NPRN LSB to 2nd channel in
group, which controls the ratio when
compressor is selected as mic effect
Controller 98 is used for the LSB of each NRPN, and
controller 99 for the MSB.
In effect settings where more than one effect may be
selected, the same NRPN may produce a different
outcome, depending on the selected effect.
B0 06 00
B0 26 00
Data entry Control Change LSB on MIDI
channel 1
Data entry Control Change MSB on MIDI
channel 1
NOTE
All values, etc. listed in these tables are in decimal notation.
The ratio of the compressor on mixer channel 9 is now set
to a value of 0.
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Appendix
Mic effects
Mic effects are controlled by channels 1 through 8 (see
channel/input assignments enabled through Bank Select).
One of three different types of effect can be selected as a
mic effect: compressor, de-esser, exciter or noise suppressor.
Effect
NRPN
Parameter Values
0 – 100 = –40.0, –39.6, –39.2, –38.8, –38.4, –38.0, –37.6, –37.2, –36.8,
–36.4, –36.0, –35.6, –35.2, –34.8, –34.4, –34.0, –33.6, –33.2, –32.8,
–32.4, –32.0, –31.6, –31.2, –30.8, –30.4, –30.0, –29.6, –29.2, –28.8,
–28.4, –28.0, –27.6, –27.2, –26.8, –26.4, –26.0, –25.6, –25.2, –24.8,
–24.4, –24.0, –23.6, –23.2, –22.8, –22.4, –22.0, –21.6, –21.2, –20.8,
–20.4, –20.0, –19.6, –19.2, –18.8, –18.4, –18.0, –17.6, –17.2, –16.8, –16.4,
–16.0, –15.6, –15.2, –14.8, –14.4, –14.0, –13.6, –13.2, –12.8, –12.4, –12.0,
–11.6, –11.2, –10.8, –10.4, –10.0, – 9.6, – 9.2, – 8.8, – 8.4, – 8.0, –7.6,
–7.2, – 6.8, – 6.4, – 6.0, – 5.6, – 5.2, – 4.8, – 4.4, – 4.0, – 3.6, – 3.2,
– 2.8, – 2.4, – 2.0, – 1.6, – 1.2, – 0.8, – 0.4, 0.0 (dB)
00 00
Threshold
Compressor (CMP)
00 01
00 02
00 08
00 03
Ratio
0 – 100 = 0 – 100
0 – 100 = 0 – 100
0 – 100 = 0 – 100
0 – 100 = 0 – 100
Attack
Release
Post Gain
0 – 20 = 1.00, 1.07, 1.15, 1.23, 1.32, 1.41, 1.52, 1.62, 1.74, 1.87, 2.00,
2.14, 2.30, 2.46, 2.64, 2.83, 3.03, 3.25, 3.48, 3.73, 4.00 (kHz)
00 04
00 05
00 06
00 07
Frequency
Depth
De-esser (DSR)
Exciter (EXC)
0 – 100 = 0 – 100
0 – 20 = 1.00, 1.07, 1.15, 1.23, 1.32, 1.41, 1.52, 1.62, 1.74, 1.87, 2.00,
2.14, 2.30, 2.46, 2.64, 2.83, 3.03, 3.25, 3.48, 3.73, 4.00 (kHz)
Frequency
Depth
0 – 100 = 0 – 100
0 – 100 = –84.0, –83.4, –82.8, –82.2, –81.6, –81.0, –80.4, –79.8, –79.2,
–78.6, –78.0, –77.4, –76.8, –76.2, –75.6, –75.0, –74.4, –73.8, –73.2,
–72.6, –72.0, –71.4, –70.8, –70.2, –69.6, –69.0, –68.4, –67.8, –67.2,
–66.6, –66.0, –65.4, –64.8, –64.2, –63.6, –63.0, –62.4, –61.8, –61.2,
–60.6, –60.0, –59.4, –58.8, –58.2, –57.6, –57.0, –56.4, –55.8, –55.2,
–54.6, –54.0, –53.4, –52.8, –52.2, –51.6, –51.0, –50.4, –49.8, –49.2,
–48.6, –48.0, –47.4, –46.8, –46.2, –45.6, –45.0, –44.4, –43.8, –43.2,
–42.6, –42.0, –41.4, –40.8, –40.2, –39.6, –39.0, –38.4, –37.8, –37.2,
–36.6, –36.0, –35.4, –34.8, –34.2, –33.6, –33.0, –32.4, –31.8, –31.2,
–30.6, –30.0, –29.4, –28.8, –28.2, –27.6, –27.0, –26.4, –25.8, –25.2,
–24.6, –24.0 (dB)
00 09
Threshold
Noise suppressor
00 10
00 11
00 12
Suppress
Attack
0 – 100 = 0 – 100
0 – 100 = 0 – 100
0 – 100 = 0 – 100
Release
100
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Appendix
Stereo dynamics processor
The dynamics processor inserted at the stereo master bus
can be either a compressor or an expander. Use MIDI
channel 9 to control this processor.
Effect
NRPN
Parameter Values
00 00
Threshold
0 – 32 = –32 – 0 dB
0 – 14 = 1.0:1, 1.1:1, 1.3:1, 1.5:1, 1.7:1, 2.0:1, 2.5:1, 3.0:1, 3.5:1, 4.0:1,
5.0:1, 6.0:1, 8.0:1, 16:1, ∞:1,
00 01
Ratio
00 02
00 03
00 04
00 05
00 00
Attack
1 – 100 = 2 – 200 (msec)
1 – 100 = 10 – 1000 (msec)
0 – 32 = 0 – 32 (dB)
0, 1 = Off, On
Compressor (CMP)
Release
Post Gain
Switch
Threshold
0 – 32 = -32 – 0 dB
0 – 14 = 1:1.0, 1:1.1, 1:1.3, 1:1.5, 1:1.7, 1:2.0, 1:2.5, 1:3.0, 1:3.5, 1:4.0,
1:5.0, 1:6.0, 1:8.0, 1:16, 1:32,
00 01
Ratio
00 02
00 03
00 04
00 05
Attack
1 – 100 = 2 – 200 (msec)
1 – 100 = 10 – 1000 (msec)
Expander (EXP)
Release
(reserved)
Switch
0, 1 = Off, On
Single effect
Use MIDI channel 10 to control this processor. The single
processor can use any one of a number of effect types:
reverb, delay, chorus, pitch shifter,flanger, phaser and
gated reverb.
Effect
NRPN
00 00
00 01
00 02
00 08
00 04
00 00
00 01
00 02
00 03
00 04
00 00
00 01
00 02
00 03
00 04
Parameter Values
Room Type
Pre Delay
Rev Time
Diffusion
Level
0 – 3 = Hall, Room, Live, Studio
0 – 250 = 0 – 250 (msec)
1 – 100 = 0.1 – 10.0 (sec)
0 – 100 = 0 – 100
Reverb (REV)
0 – 127 = 0 – 127
Type
0 – 2 = Normal, Pan, Multi
0 – 1000 = 0 – 1000 (msec)
0 – 1000 = 0 – 1000 (msec)
0 – 100 = 0 – 100
Pre Delay
FB Delay
Feedback
Level
Delay (DLY)
0 – 127 = 0 – 127
Rate
1 – 100 = 0.1 – 10.0 (Hz)
0 – 100 = 0 – 100
Depth
Chorus (CHO)
FB Delay
Feedback
Level
0 – 100 = 0 – 100
0 – 100 = 0 – 100
0 – 127 = 0 – 127
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Appendix
Effect
NRPN
00 00
00 01
00 02
00 03
00 04
00 00
00 01
00 02
00 03
00 04
00 00
00 01
00 02
00 03
00 04
00 00
00 01
Parameter Values
Pitch
0 – 12 – 24 = –12 – 0 – +12
Fine
0 – 50 – 100 = –50 – 0 – +50
0 – 500 = 0 – 500 (msec)
0 – 100 = 0 – 100
Pitch Shifter (PIT)
FB Delay
Feedback
Level
0 – 127 = 0 – 127
Rate
1 – 100 = 0.1 – 10.0 (Hz)
0 – 100 = 0 – 100
Depth
Flanger (FLG)
Phaser (PHA)
FB Delay
Feedback
Level
0 – 1000 = 0 – 1000 (msec)
0 – 100 = 0 – 100
0 – 127 = 0 – 127
Rate
1 – 100 = 0.1 – 10.0 (Hz)
0 – 100 = 0 – 100
Depth
Resonance
Step
0 – 100 = 0 – 100
0 – 3 = 4, 8, 12, 16
Level
0 – 127 = 0 – 127
Type
0,1 = Normal, Reverse
0 – 30 = –46 – –16 (dB)
1 – 300 = 10 – 3000 (msec)
0 – 100 = 0 – 100
Threshold
Gate Time
Density
Level
Gated reverb (GRV) 00 02
00 03
00 04
0 – 127 = 0 – 127
Multi effect
Use MIDI channel 11 to set the parameters of this effect.
Note that this effect chains together a sequence of
effects (each step in the chain can hold one effect, the
sequence in the chain of which is given in the first
column of this table):
Effect
chain #
Effect
NRPN
Parameter
Values
0 – 100 = –84.0, –83.4, –82.8, –82.2, –81.6, –81.0, –80.4,
–79.8, –79.2, –78.6, –78.0, –77.4, –76.8, –76.2, –75.6, –75.0,
–74.4, –73.8, –73.2, –72.6, –72.0, –71.4, –70.8, –70.2, –69.6,
–69.0, –68.4, –67.8, –67.2, –66.6, –66.0, –65.4, –64.8, –64.2, –
63.6, –63.0, –62.4, –61.8, –61.2, –60.6, –60.0, –59.4, –58.8, –
58.2, –57.6, –57.0, –56.4, –55.8, –55.2, –54.6, –54.0, –53.4, –
52.8, –52.2, –51.6, –51.0, –50.4, –49.8, –49.2, –48.6, –48.0, –
47.4, –46.8, –46.2, –45.6, –45.0, –44.4, –43.8, –43.2, –42.6, –
42.0, –41.4, –40.8, –40.2, –39.6, –39.0, –38.4, –37.8, –37.2, –
36.6, –36.0, –35.4, –34.8, –34.2, –33.6, –33.0, –32.4, –31.8, –
31.2, –30.6, –30.0, –29.4, –28.8, –28.2, –27.6, –27.0, –26.4, –
25.8, –25.2, –24.6, –24.0 (dB)
00 00
Threshold
Noise suppressor
(NSP)
1
00 01
00 02
00 08
00 04
Suppress
Attack
0 – 100 = 0 – 100
0 – 100 = 0 – 100
0 – 100 = 0 – 100
0, 1 = Off, On
Release
Switch
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Appendix
Effect
chain #
Effect
NRPN
Parameter Values
00 05
00 06
00 07
00 08
00 09
00 05
00 06
00 07
00 08
00 09
Distortion
Tone
0 – 100 = 0 – 100
0 – 100 = 0 – 100
0 – 100 = 0 – 100
Distortion (DST)
Level
(reserved)
Switch
Drive
0, 1 = Off, On
0 – 100 = 0 – 100
0 – 100 = 0 – 100
0 – 100 = 0 – 100
Tone
Overdrive (OD)
Level
(reserved)
Switch
0, 1 = Off, On
0 – 100 = –60.0, –59.6, –59.2, –58.8, –58.4, –58.0, –57.6,
–57.2, –56.8, –56.4, –56.0, –55.6, –55.2, –54.8, –54.4, –54.0, –
53.6, –53.2, –52.8, –52.4, –52.0, –51.6, –51.2, –50.8, –50.4, –
50.0, –49.6, –49.2, –48.8, –48.4, –48.0, –47.6, –47.2, –46.8, –
46.4, –46.0, –45.6, –45.2, –44.8, –44.4, –44.0, –43.6, –43.2, –
42.8, –42.4, –42.0, –41.6, –41.2, –40.8, –40.4, –40.0, –39.6, –
39.2, –38.8, –38.4, –38.0, –37.6, –37.2, –36.8, –36.4, –36.0, –
35.6, –35.2, –34.8, –34.4, –34.0, –33.6, –33.2, –32.8, –32.4, –
32.0, –31.6, –31.2, –30.8, –30.4, –30.0, –29.6, –29.2, –28.8, –
28.4, –28.0, –27.6, –27.2, –26.8, –26.4, –26.0, –25.6, –25.2, –
24.8, –24.4, –24.0, –23.6, –23.2, –22.8, –22.4, –22.0, –21.6, –
21.2, –20.8, –20.4, –20.0 (dB)
2
00 05
Threshold
Compressor (CMP)
00 06
00 07
00 08
00 25
00 09
00 10
Ratio
0 – 100 = 0 – 100
0 – 100 = 0 – 100
0 – 100 = 0 – 100
0 – 100 = 0 – 100
0, 1 = Off, On
Level
Attack
Release
Switch
Pre Gain
0 - 100 = 0 - 100
0 - 20 = 0.12, 0.14, 0.16, 0.18, 0.20, 0.22, 0.25, 0.28, 0.31, 0.35,
0.39, 0.44, 0.49, 0.55, 0.62, 0.70, 0.79, 0.89, 1.00, 1.12, 1.26 (kHz)
00 11
Tone
Amp simulator
(AMP)
00 12
00 13
00 14
00 10
00 11
00 12
00 13
00 14
Box Size
Post Gain
Switch
Type
0 - 3 = 1x8", 1x12", 2x12", "4x10", 4x12"
0 - 100 = 0 - 100
0, 1 = Off, On
3
0 - 3 = 1 - 4
Enhance
Size
0 - 100 = 0 - 100
0 - 100 = 0 - 100
0 - 100 = 0 - 100
0, 1 = Off, On
Acoustic guitar
simulator (ACG)
Level
Switch
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Appendix
Effect
Effect
chain #
NRPN
Parameter Values
00 15
00 16
00 17
00 18
00 19
00 15
00 16
00 17
00 18
00 19
00 15
00 16
00 17
00 18
00 19
Speed
Depth
0 – 100 = 0 – 100
0 – 100 = 0 – 100
Flanger (FLG)
Phaser (PHA)
Chorus (CHO)
Resonance 0 – 100 = 0 – 100
Mix Level
Switch
Speed
Depth
0 – 100 = 0 – 100
0, 1 = Off, On
1 – 100 = 0.1 – 10.0 (Hz)
0 – 100 = 0 – 100
Resonance 0 – 100 = 0 – 100
(reserved)
Switch
Speed
Depth
0, 1 = Off, On
0 – 99 = 0.1 – 10.0 (Hz)
0 – 100 = 0 – 100
0 – 100 = 0 – 100
0 – 100 = 0 – 100
0, 1 = Off, On
Tone
Mix Level
Switch
0 – 20 = 1.00, 1.07, 1.15, 1.23, 1.32, 1.41, 1.52, 1.62, 1.74,
1.87, 2.00, 2.14, 2.30, 2.46, 2.64, 2.83, 3.03, 3.25, 3.48,
3.73, 4.00 (kHz)
00 15
Frequency
00 16
00 17
00 18
00 19
00 15
00 16
00 17
00 18
00 19
00 15
00 16
00 17
00 18
00 19
00 15
00 16
00 17
00 18
00 19
Depth
0 – 100 = 0 – 100
4
Exciter (EXC)
(reserved)
(reserved)
Switch
0, 1 = Off, On
Pitch
0 – 12 – 24 = –12 – 0 – +12
0 – 50 – 100 = –50 – 0 – +50
0 – 100 = 0 – 100
Fine
Pitch shifter (PIT)
Tremolo (TRM)
Vibrato (VIB)
Mix Level
(reserved)
Switch
0, 1 = Off, On
Speed
1 – 100 = 0.1 – 10.0 (Hz)
0 – 100 = 0 – 100
0 – 100 = 0 – 100
Depth
Shape
(reserved)
Switch
0, 1 = Off, On
Speed
1 – 100 = 0.1 – 10.0 (Hz)
0 – 100 = 0 – 100
0 – 100 = 0 – 100
Depth
(reserved)
(reserved)
Switch
0, 1 = Off, On
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Appendix
Effect
chain #
Effect
NRPN
Parameter
Values
00 15
00 16
00 17
00 18
00 19
00 20
00 21
00 22
00 23
00 24
00 20
00 26
00 21
00 27
00 28
Attack
1 – 100 = 0.1 – 10.0 (Hz)
0 – 100 = 0 – 100
Sense
4
Wah (WAH)
(reserved)
(reserved)
Switch
0, 1 = Off, On
Time
0 – 1000 = 0 - 1000 (ms)
0 – 100 = 0 – 100
0 – 100 = 0 – 100
0 – 100 = 0 – 100
Feedback
Hi Damp
Mix Level
Type
0 – 6 = OFF, Normal. Pan, Stereo, FB Mod, Gate, Reverse
0 – 1000 (ms) *If type is Stereo only
5
Delay (DLY)
Time-L
Time-R
0 – 1000 = 0 – 1000 (ms) *If type is Stereo only
0 – 100 = 0 – 100 *If type is Stereo only
0 – 100 = 0 – 100 *If type is Stereo only
0 – 100 = 0 – 100 *If type is Gate only
Feedback-L
Feedback-R
Threshold
MIDI Program Change messages
The 2488MKII can accept Program Change messages to
select an effect and to change scenes. Before a Program
Change message is sent for changing an effect, a Bank
Select message must be sent to select whether an effect will
be selected from the preset bank or from the user bank of
memories. In each case, bank 0 corresponds to the preset
memories, and bank 1 to the user bank.
Single effect (user) Program Change 0 to 99 (maximum)
Multi effect (preset) Program Change 0 to 31
Multi effect (user) Program Change 0 to 99 (maximum)
ª Scene memory Program Change messages
These are transmitted on channel 16. The Program Change
message may be from 0 to 99.
Send the Bank Select messages (CC 0) on MIDI channels
1 through 8 for mic effects (see below), MIDI channel 9 for
stereo dynamics, channel 10 for the single effect, and chan-
nel 11 for the multi effect.
When selecting a mic effect, a Bank Select message should
first be sent on channel 14 to select the group of eight
channels or inputs out of which the channel is selected:
Bank 0: Mixer channels 1 though 8
Bank 1: Mixer channels 9 through 16
Bank 2: Mixer channels 17 through 24
Bank 3: Inputs A through H
The Program Change messages that are then valid are as
follows (see the tables following for details of the preset
values—the “user” messages correspond to the entry
number in the library):
Mic effects (preset) Program Change 0 to 3
Mic effects (user) Program Change 0 to 99 (maximum)
Stereo dynamics effect (preset) Program Change 0 to 1
Stereo dynamics effect (user) Program Change 0 to
99 (maximum)
Single effect (preset) Program Change 0 to 6
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Appendix
Preset mic effects
Program Change Name shown on display
Effect component
Compressor (CMP)
De-esser (DSR)
0
1
2
3
VOCAL-COMP
DE-ESSER
VOCAL-EXC
VOCAL-NSP
Exciter (EXC)
Noise Suppressor (NSP)
Preset stereo dynamics effects
Program Change Name shown on display
Effect component
Compressor (CMP)
Expander (EXP)
0
1
COMPRESSOR
EXPANDER
Preset Multi effects
The first 32 effects are generic effects, and the rest are
presets that you can use “as is” or as jumping-off points for
your own sounds.
Program Name shown on
Change display
Main components
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
OD-PITCH
OD- PIT
The chain of all multi effects start with (1) a noise suppressor,
followed by either (2) distortion, overdrive or clean compres-
sion, then (3) an amp simulator or acoustic guitar simulator,
(4) another effect, and finally by (5) a delay setting.
OD-TREMOLO
OD-VIBRATO
OD- TRM
OD- VIB
OD-WAH
OD- WAH
The effects in (4) are abbreviated as follows:
COMP-FLANGER
COMP-PHASER
COMP-CHORUS
COMP-EXCITER
COMP-PITCH
COMP-TREMOLO
COMP-VIBRATO
COMP-WAH
COMP-FLG
COMP-PHA
COMP-CHO
COMP-EXC
COMP-PIT
COMP-TRM
COMP-VIB
COMP-WAH
AC.G- FLG
AC.G- PHA
AC.G- CHO
AC.G- EXC
AC.G- PIT
AC.G- TRM
AC.G- VIB
AC.G- WAH
FLG: Flanger
PHA: Phaser
CHO: Chorus
EXC: Exciter
PIT: Pitch shifter
TRM: Tremolo
VIB: Vibrato
WAH: Wah
AC.G-FLANGER
AC.G-PHASER
AC.G-CHORUS
AC.G-EXCITER
AC.G-PITCH
Program Name shown on
Main components
Change display
0
DIST-FLANGER
DIST-PHASER
DIST-CHORUS
DIST-EXCITER
DIST-PITCH
DIST- FLG
DIST- PHA
DIST- CHO
DIST- EXC
DIST- PIT
DIST- TRM
DIST- VIB
DIST- WAH
OD- FLG
1
2
3
AC.G-TREMOLO
AC.G-VIBRATO
AC.G-WAH
4
5
DIST-TREMOLO
DIST-VIBRATO
DIST-WAH
6
7
8
OD-FLANGER
OD-PHASER
OD-CHORUS
OD-EXCITER
9
OD- PHA
OD- CHO
OD- EXC
10
11
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Appendix
Preset single effects
The types here are:
REV: Reverb
DLY: Delay
CHO: Chorus
PIT: Pitch shift
FLG: Flanger
PHA: Phaser
GRV: Gate and reverb
Program Name shown on
Change display
Type of effect
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
REVERB
REV
DLY
CHO
PIT
DELAY
CHORUS
PITCH SHIFT
FLANGER
PHASER
FLG
PHA
GRV
GATE+REVERB
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Appendix
MIDI Implementation chart
TEAC [Digital Portastudio)]
DATE
: 28 February :2004
Model: 2488MKII
MIDI Implementation Chart
Transmitted Recognized Remarks
Version : 1.0
Function
Basic
Channel
Mode
Default
Changed
Default
Messages
Altered
1-16
x
x
x
1-16
1-16
Mode 3
x
**********
Note
0 — 127
0 — 127
Number
Velocity
True Voice
Note On
Note Off
Key’s
**********
O
x
O
O
0 — 127
O
x
O
O
After
Touch
Ch’s
Pitch Bend
O
O
Control
Change
0,32
1
O
O
a
O
x
d
Bank Select
Modulation
a
5
6,38
7
O
O
O
x
O
O
Portamento time
Data entry
Volume
10
11
64
65
66
67
80
81
91
93
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
x
x
x
x
O
O
Panpot
Expression
Hold 1
Portamento
Sostenuto
Soft
Reverb program
Chorus program
Reverb send
Chorus send
O
O
O
x
Prog
O
O
Change
True #
**********
0—127c
System Exclusive
Common
O
O
f
MTC Quarter Frame
Song Pos
Song Sel
Tune
Clock
Commands
Local ON/OFF
All Notes OFF
Active Sense
Reset
Ob
Oc
Oa
Oa
O
O
x
O
x
Oe
x
x
x
x
x
x
O
x
O
System
Real Time
Aux
c
Messages
O
a. On SMF playback
b. When generator is set to output MTC
c. When generator is set to output clock
d. When MIDI remote control is selected
e. When source is set to external
f. MMC as master or slave RP Ver 1.00 (T, R) : MIDI Full Timecode is T when generator is MTC, and R when SOURCE is external.
MODE 1: OMNI ON, POLY MODE 2: OMNI ON, MONO O:Yes
MODE 3: OMNI OFF, POLY MODE 4: OMNI OFF, MONO x: No
10ꢆ
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Appendix
MMC Bit map commands
Bit-map array of MMC commands
Byte Bit7 Bit6 (40H)
Bit5 (20H)
Bit4 (10H)
Bit3 (08H)
Bit2 (04H)
Bit1 (02H)
Bit0 (01H)
c0
– 0 (06)
RECORD
STROBE
– 0 (0D)
(05)
REWIND
(04)
FAST
FORWARD
(0B)
(03)
DEFERRED
PLAY
(02)
PLAY
(01)
STOP
(00)
reserved
c1
(0C)
(0A)
(09)
(08)
(07)
MMC RESET COMMAND
ERROR RESET
CHASE
EJECT
PAUSE
RECORD
PAUSE
(0F)
RECORD
EXIT
(0E)
c2
c3
c4
c5
c6
c7
c8
c9
– 0 (14)
(13)
(1A)
– 0
(12)
(19)
– 0
(11)
(10)
(17)
(1E)
(22)
(29)
(30)
(37)
(3E)
– 0 (1B)
– 0 – 0
– 0 (26)
– 0 (2D)
– 0 (34)
– 0 (3B)
– 0 – 0
(18)
(1F)
(23)
(2A)
(31)
(38)
(3F)
(16)
(1D)
(21)
(28)
(2F)
(36)
(3D)
(15)
(1C)
(20)
(27)
(2E)
(35)
(3C)
(25)
(2C)
(33)
(3A)
– 0
(24)
(2B)
(32)
(39)
– 0
c10 – 0 (46)
SEARCH
(45)
(44)
LOCATE
(43)
UPDATE
(42)
READ
(41)
(40)
WRITE
VARIABLE
PLAY
(4C)
MASKED
WRITE
(48)
c11 – 0 (4D)
ADD
(4B)
MTC
(4A)
(49)
(47)
SHUTTLE
MOVE
GENERATOR ASSIGN
STEP
COMMAND
(52)
COMMAND
(51)
SYS, MAS
(50)
c12 – 0 (54)
(53)
(4F)
(4E)
DEFERRED
VARI, PLAY
c13 – 0 (5B)
COMMAND
SEGMENT
(5A)
GROUP
EVENT
PROCEDURE DROP
FRADJUST
(56)
SUBTRACT
(59)
(58)
(57)
(55)
REC STROBE
VARIABLE
(60)
c15 – 0 (66)
c16 – 0 (6D)
c17 – 0 (74)
c18 – 0 (7B)
c19 – 0 – 0
(65)
(6C)
(73)
(7A)
– 0
(64)
(6B)
(72)
(79)
– 0
(63)
(6A)
(71)
(78)
(62)
(69)
(70)
(77)
(7E)
(61)
(68)
(6F)
(76)
(7D)
(67)
(6E)
(75)
(7F)
(7C)
RESUME
WAIT
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Appendix
Bit-map array of Response/Information field
Byte Bit7 Bit6 (40H)
Bit5 (20H)
Bit4 (10H)
Bit3 (08H)
Bit2 (04H)
Bit1 (02H)
Bit0 (01H)
r0
– 0 (06)
(05)
(04)
(03)
(02)
(01)
(00)
GENERATOR LOCK
ACTUAL
OFFSET
REQUESTED SELECTED
SELECTED
TIMECODE
reserved
TIMECODE
DEVIATION
OFFSET
MASTER
CODE
(09)
r1
r2
– 0 (0D)
GP5
(0C)
GP4
(0B)
GP3
(0A)
(08)
(07)
GP2
GP1
GP0/LOCATE MTC INPUT
POINT
– 0 (14)
(13)
(12)
(11)
(10)
(0F)
GP7
(16)
(0E)
GP6
(15)
r3
r4
r5
– 0 (1B)
– 0 – 0
(1A)
– 0
(19)
– 0
(24)
(18)
(1F)
(23)
(17)
(1E)
(1D)
(1C)
– 0 (26)
Short
(25)
Short LOCK
(22)
Short
(21)
Short
(20)
reserved
Short ACTUAL Short
GENERATOR DEVIATION
TIMECODE
OFFSET
REQUESTED SELECTED
SELECTED
TIMECODE
OFFSET
MASTER
CODE
r6
r7
– 0 (2D)
Short GP5
(2C)
Short GP4
(2B)
Short GP3
(2A)
Short GP2
(29)
Short GP1
(28)
(27)
Short MTC
INPUT
Short GP0
LOCATE
POINT
(2F)
– 0 (34)
(33)
(32)
(31)
(30)
(2E)
Short GP7
(36)
Short GP6
(35)
r8
r9
– 0 (3B)
– 0 – 0
(3A)
– 0
(39)
– 0
(38)
(3F)
(37)
(3E)
(3D)
(3C)
r10 – 0 (46)
SELECTED
(45)
TIME
STANDARD
(44)
COMMAND
ERROR LEVEL ERROR
(43)
COMMAND
(42)
RESPONSE
ERROR
(41)
(40)
UPDATE RATE SIGNATURE
TIMECODE
SOURCE
r11 – 0 (4D)
(4C)
(4B)
(4A)
(49)
(48)
(47)
RECORD
STATUS
RECORD
MODE
FAST MODE
STOP MODE VELOCITY
TALLY
MOTION
CONTROL
TALLY
(4F)
SELECTED
TIMECODE
USER BITS
(4E)
r12 – 0 (54)
(53)
(52)
(51)
(50)
STEP LENGTH TRACK INPUT TRACK SYNC RECORD
GLOBAL
MONITOR
TRACK
RECORD
READY
(56)
TRACK
RECORD
STATUS
(55)
MONITOR
MONITOR
(59)
MONITOR
r13 – 0 (5B)
(5A)
(58)
(57)
GENERATOR CHASE MODE RESOLVED
CONTROL
DISABLE
LIFTER
DEFEAT
FIXED SPEED PLAY SPEED
REFERENCE
COMMAND
TALLY
PLAY MODE
– 0
r14 – 0 – 0
– 0
(5F)
(5E)
(5D)
(5C)
MTC SETUP
MTC
GENERATOR GENERATOR
COMMAND
TALLY
(62)
USER BITS
(61)
SETUP
r15 – 0 (66)
(65)
(64)
(63)
(60)
FAILURE
RESPONSE
SEGMENT
(6B)
VITC INSERT TRACK MUTE EVENT
PROCEDURE
RESPONSE
(67)
ENABLE
(6A)
RESPONSE
r16 – 0 (6D)
r17 – 0 (74)
r18 – 0 (7B)
r19 – 0 – 0
(6C)
(73)
(7A)
– 0
(69)
(70)
(77)
(7E)
(68)
(6F)
(76)
(7D)
(72)
(79)
– 0
(71)
(78)
(6E)
(75)
(7F)
(7C)
RESUME
WAIT
110
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Appendix
Warning and status messages
The following is a list of warning messages that may
be displayed by the 2488MKII, together with a note of
their possible cause, and the actions you can take when
they occur.
In the messages, keys to be pressed are enclosed in brack-
ets ([YES/ENTER] or [NO/EXIT]) and menu items are
written in uppercase/capital letters (DELETE UNUSED).
No. Message
Meaning
Action
Cannot do this
The hard disk is being accessed for playback Press NO/EXIT, stop the transport and retry
when not
stopped. Stop
the transport.
or recording, so the selected action cannot
be performed.
the operation.
1
2
3
4
Press [EXIT].
Cannot find
digital input.
Check your
system set-up.
Digital audio input mode has been selected, Press NO/EXIT and check the digital connec-
but the 2488MKII cannot detect a valid digital tion. If the connection is good, it is possible
audio input.
that the signal is the wrong type. The 2488MKII
expects a signal in S/PDIF (IEC60958
Consumer use) format at 44.1 kHz. It cannot
accept compressed audio formats, etc.
Press NO/EXIT and select a different source or
Press [EXIT].
Can’t duplicate
to the same
track as the
source.
When editing tracks, you have selected the
same track as both source and destination for a destination track as appropriate.
duplicate operation.
Press [EXIT]
Digital input
is selected.
Cannot do this
operation now.
Because digital audio input is selected, the
following functions cannot take place: Tuner,
Press NO/EXIT and turn off digital input (the
MIXER section of the PREFERENCES menu)
pitch and SSA functions, MTC slave operations, before proceeding with the operation that
jog and trim functions, audio CD operations).
produced this message.
Press [EXIT].
Disc is already
blank. Can’t
erase it.
An attempt has been made to erase a disc
(CD-RW) that is already blank.
Press NO/EXIT and replace the disc if necessary.
5
6
Press [EXIT].
Disc is blank.
Can’t finalize
this disc.
An attempt has been made to finalize a blank
disc (CD-R or CD-RW).
Press NO/EXIT and replace the disc if
necessary.
Press [EXIT].
File too big to
import. Choose
another file
The selected WAV or Standard MIDI File cannot Press NO/EXIT and delete a song (SONG
be imported into the current song as there is not -> DELETE) to free up space on the partition
enough disk space on the current partition.
(note that this cannot be undone).
7
8
for import.
Press [EXIT].
File too big to
export. Choose
another file
The data selected for export to the FAT partition Press NO/EXIT, use the USB OPEN function
is too big (there is not sufficient space on the
FAT partition).
to manage the files (move or delete unwanted
ones) on the FAT partition from a computer
and retry. Alternatively, if there is no wanted
data on the FAT partition, use the 2488MKII to
reformat the FAT partition (all data on the FAT
partition is irrecoverably lost). The maximum
file size is 4 GB.
for export.
Press [EXIT].
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111
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Appendix
Message
Meaning
Action
No.
Import file not
found. Use
USB OPEN to
import file.
The file selected (backup file, WAV file for
import, or SMF) is not available.
Press NO/EXIT, use the USB OPEN function
to transfer the appropriate file to the FAT parti-
tion and then try importing again.
9
Press [EXIT].
Invalid Fs rate detect- Digital audio input mode has been selected, but Press NO/EXIT and check the digital audio
ed. Check
your system
set-up.
the 2488MKII has detected the wrong sampling source. The output should be 44.1 kHz (note
frequency (Fs) for the incoming digital audio to that some players output 48 kHz). A unit with
10
11
be used.
varispeed (pitch control) may have varispeed
turned on, altering the sampling frequency from
44.1 kHz.
Press [EXIT].
Master track is
too short. Use
PRE-MASTERING
to correct it.
The master track is too short, and therefore
cannot be checked.
Press NO/EXIT, re-set the OUT point to at least
four seconds after the zero point, then use the
PRE-MASTERING function for checking.
Press [EXIT].
MTC slave mode
selected.
Since the unit is currently slaved to external
MIDI timecode, the selected operation cannot (SYNC/MIDI->SYNC) to select INTERNAL sync.
take place. Operations not possible in MTC
Press NO/EXIT and use the menu system
Cannot do this
12 operation now.
Press [EXIT].
slave mode include: pitch control and SSA,
repeat playback, auto-punch operations, jog
and trim as well as audio CD playback and
digital audio input.
No file for import
No WAV file for import has been discovered on Press YES/ENTER to change the disc (use an
has been found.
Change CD [YES],
else press [NO]
No free hard
disk space, Use
the loaded CD.
ISO9660 formatted disc which contains audio
data with 44.1 kHz sampling frequency in WAV
format) or NO to cancel the operation.
Press NO/EXIT and use one of the SONG
menu operations such as DELETE UNUSED or
ERASE to free up some space (these opera-
tions cannot be undone).
13
The hard disk is full, and the current operation
has failed because it needs hard disk space.
DELETE UNUSED
to make space.
14
Press [EXIT].
No LAST REC
point. Use
Can’t use the last recording point for auto
punch operations, as no recording has been
done yet.
Press NO/EXIT and set the IN and OUT points
as the punch positions. Use the RHSL key to
refine these points if necessary, by rehearsing
takes without recording.
15 IN-OUT instead.
Press [EXIT].
No locate
Because there are no mark points currently set, Press NO/EXIT, and use the INSERT key from
markers have
been set.Use
a location command cannot be performed.
the home screen to add some mark points at
the appropriate positions.
16
INSERT MARK.
Press [EXIT].
No master track
found. Use
There is no master track available for making an Press NO/EXIT, then use the RE-MASTERING
audio CD. function to create the master track.
PRE-MASTERING
17 to create one.
Press [EXIT].
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Appendix
No. Message
Meaning
Action
No tracks have
Before an auto-punch operation, you must have Press NO/EXIT and press the REC key of at
been armed. Arm
at least one
track.
at least one armed track.
least one track on which you will be recording
(once a track has been armed in auto-punch,
the track arming status cannot be changed).
18
19
20
21
22
23
Press [EXIT].
Non-linear
audio detected.
Check your
Digital audio input mode has been selected,
Press NO/EXIT and check the digital audio
but the 2488MKII has detected the wrong data source. The 2488MKII expects a signal in
format for the incoming digital audio to be used. S/PDIF (IEC60958 Consumer use) format at
44.1 kHz. It cannot accept compressed audio
system set-up
formats, etc.
Press [EXIT].
Not enough free
disk space. Use
DELETE UNUSED
to make space.
Copying a song has failed because there is not Press NO/EXIT and use one of the SONG
enough space on the selected or target partition. menu operations such as DELETE UNUSED or
ERASE to free up some space on the partition
where there is not enough space (these opera-
tions cannot be undone).
Press [EXIT].
Not enough free
memory. Use
DELETE UNUSED
to free memory.
Sometimes after repeated operations, the inter- Press NO/EXIT. Use the DELETE UNUSED
nal memory of the 2488MKII becomes used,
and recording, etc. is not possible.
menu item from the SONG menu. As well as
deleting the unused song data, this action
will also free up memory, so recording can
continue. Remember that this operation
cannot be undone.
Press [EXIT].
Not enough room on Too much data has been selected to fit onto the Press YES/ENTER to change the CD for
CD for burn. Use
another CD [YES]
or cancel [NO].
CD that is currently loaded.
another one, or NO/EXIT to cancel the current
operation. Use a higher-capacity disc when
burning a master track or exporting data, or
one of the same capacity as the current disc
when backing up.
Not enough room
on hard disk for
this operation.
No enough space on the hard disk to create the Press NO/EXIT and create space by deleting
image file necessary to create a CD.
songs, etc., (SONG->ERASE) backing them up
if necessary (this operation cannot be undone).
You can free up space on a partition other than
the current partition (use the DISK->SELECT
function) in order to create space for the image.
Press [EXIT].
Protected song.
Unprotect with
24 SONG PROTECT.
Recording, track editing, recording, titling, etc. Press NO/EXIT, and use the PROTECT menu
cannot be carried out when the current song
has been protected.
item from the SONG menu to remove the
protection from the song before proceeding.
Press [EXIT].
Repeat mode is
selected.
Cannot do this
operation now.
Because repeat mode is selected, the following Press NO/EXIT and cancel the repeat mode
functions cannot take place: locate operation,
track editing, undo/redo, auto punch, quick
routing, all menu operations, and shutdown.
(REPEAT key) before proceeding with the
operation that produced this message.
25
Press [EXIT].
SSA mode is
selected.
Cannot do this
operation now.
Because SSA mode is selected, the following
Press NO/EXIT and cancel the SSA mode
functions cannot take place: MTC slave opera- (PITCH/SSA key) before proceeding with the
tions, jog and trim functions, recording (includ- operation that produced this message.
ing auto-punch) and digital input.
26
Press [EXIT].
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Appendix
No. Message
Meaning
Action
Time between IN
Repeat playback or auto-punch operations
Press NO/EXIT, and re-enter or edit the IN and
and OUT is too
short. Re-set
the points.
cannot be carried out because the time between OUT points so that the time between them is
the IN and OUT locate markers is too short.
longer, before attempting the operation again.
27
Press [EXIT].
Too many locate
markers. Use
DELETE MARK to
More than 999 markers have been set in the
song and so a new marker cannot be entered. from the home screen to delete some of the
unwanted marks.
Press NO/EXIT, and use the DELETE key
28 delete some
markers.
Press [EXIT].
Too many songs to Copying a song has failed because there are
Press ENTER. Back up any songs you want
to keep, and then use the ERASE menu item
from the SONG menu to erase unwanted
songs, or songs you have backed up before
proceeding with the song copy (deleting songs
cannot be undone).
continue with this
operation.
too many songs already on the selected or
target partition.
29
30
Press [ENTER].
Too many songs.
Use SONG ERASE
to delete songs
you don’t need.
There are too many songs stored on the current Press NO/EXIT. Back up any songs you want
partition (the limit is 250 songs on one partition) to keep, and then use the ERASE menu item
for a new song to be created, or a song that has from the SONG menu to erase unwanted
been backed up to be restored.
songs, or songs you have backed up before
proceeding with the creation or restoration of
a song (deleting songs cannot be undone).
Alternatively, use DISK -> SELECT to select
another partition.
Press [EXIT].
Too many takes.
Can’t continue
recording
The repeat auto-punch procedure can’t
continue because more than 99 takes have
been recorded.
Press NO/EXIT, stop recording, select the
desired take from the list. Press ENTER and
press AUTO PUNCH again, selecting a mode
other than LAST TAKE LOAD. Takes recorded
before this cannot be restored, so the first
selection should be made carefully!
31
32
33
Press [EXIT].
Track already
written to disc
so only 1 song
can be written.
Because at least one track is already present on Press NO/EXIT and replace the disc if necessary.
the disc, it is not possible to burn more than one
track at once. To burn several tracks at one time
(Disc At Once), you must start with a blank disc.
Press [EXIT].
Track is too
short. Choose
and set another
OUT point.
The distance between the zero point and the
OUT point is too short for mastering. A CD track least four seconds after the zero point.
must be at least four seconds long.
Press NO/EXIT, and re-set the OUT point to at
Press [EXIT].
Wrong type of
CD. Check the
disc.
The wrong type of CD for the operation has
been loaded in the drive. This could be because correct type of disc for the operation.
: A non-writable CD has been selected for
Press NO/EXIT and replace the disc with the
writing An attempt has been made to finalize
an already finalized disc An attempt has been
made to erase a non- CD-RW disc. A disc
34
Press [EXIT].
which is not a backup disc has been loaded for
a restore operation.
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Appendix
No. Message
Meaning
Action
No CD divide
markers have
been set. Use
There are no marks set for the LIVE WRITER to Marks can be set when the transport is
divide the song into CD tracks
stopped, during playback, and even during
recording by simply pressing the INSERT
key. When using the LIVE WRITER, the maxi-
mum number of usable marks is 98, and the
interval between these marks must be at
least 4 seconds.
35 INSERT MARK.
Press [EXIT].
Track is too
short. Insert
and trim marker
An interval between the marks to be used by With the transport stopped, press the TRIM
the LIVE WRITER to divide the song into CD key and use the JOG/DATA dial to adjust the
tracks is less than 4 seconds long.
positions of the marks so that all intervals
between them are more than 4 seconds.
You can also use the INSERT key to set new
marks at appropriate positions. The maxi-
mum number of usable marks is 98 when
using the LIVE WRITER.
to correct it.
36
Press [EXIT].
Time between TO
and FROM is too
short. Re-set
The time between the FROM and TO points Set the time between the FROM and TO
is too short when using the COPY FROM- points to 0.5 seconds or more.
>TO function for track editing, so the function The FROM and TO points can be set by
37
the points.
cannot be executed.
pressing their respective keys while holding
down the LOCATE key.
Press [EXIT].
SMF player is
selected.
This function is inoperative when using the
SMF PLAYER.
Open the SMF PLAYER screen (MENU ->
SYNC/MIDI -> SMF PLAYER) and set the
PLAYER item to OFF.
Cannot do this
38
operation now.
Pres [EXIT].
No free
metronome mode
selected.
The metronome function is not set to FREE mode. Open the METRONOME screen (MENU ->
SYNC/MIDI -> METRONOME) and set the
MODE to FREE.
39 Use METRONOME
to select.
Pres [EXIT].
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»
2488MK#
TEAC CORPORATION
Phone: +81-422-52-5082
www.tascam.com
3-7-3, Nakacho, Musashino-shi, Tokyo 180-8550, Japan
TEAC AMERICA, INC.
Phone: +1-323-726-0303
www.tascam.com
www.tascam.com
www.tascam.com
www.tascam.co.uk
www.tascam.de
Printed in China
7733 Telegraph Road, Montebello, California 90640
TEAC CANADA LTD.
Phone: +1905-890-8008 Facsimile: +1905-890-9888
5939 Wallace Street, Mississauga, Ontario L4Z 1Z8, Canada
TEAC MEXICO, S.A. De C.V
Phone: +52-555-581-5500
Campesinos No. 184, Colonia Granjes Esmeralda, Delegacion Iztapalapa CP 09810, Mexico DF
TEAC UK LIMITED
Phone: +44-8451-302511
Unit 19 & 20, The Courtyards Hatters Lane, Watford, Hertfordshire. WD18 8TE, U.K.
TEAC EUROPE GmbH
Phone: +49-611-71580
Bahnstrasse 12, 65205 Wiesbaden-Erbenheim, Germany
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