Marley Ultra Low-Noise Fan
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User Manual 07-1126
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Contents
General Information...................................................................... 4
Installation .................................................................................... 5
Operation.................................................................................... 11
Maintenance.............................................................................. 13
Parts List .................................................................................... 16
Trouble Shooting ........................................................................ 17
3
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General Information
Description
The Marley Ultra Low-Noise series of fans represent the top in the
new generation of super low noise fans—the FRP blades have been
developed to meet the most stringent noise limitations. The fans
permitvariablepitchadjustmentatstandstillandfeatureasimplified
design. Each blade is fixed to the hub with two bolted aluminum
pillow blocks.
Balancing
When the rotor is dispatched in assembled form, each unit is dy-
namically balanced within a degree of G = 6.3 in accordance with
ISO 1940/1.
When the fan is dispatched disassembled, the hub is dynamically
balanced and the blades are statically balanced so that the reas-
sembled unit correspond to a degree of G = 6.3 in accordance with
ISO 1940/1. In this case, the blades have the same static moment,
so that they can be positioned in any order on the hub; the blades
of the same supply, are interchangeable.
Storage
Upon unloading the fan, inspect it for any damage. If damage oc-
curred, file a claim immediately against the carrier and mark the bill
of loading accordingly.
After the fan delivery, check the full compliance between order and
delivered goods. Shortages or inconformities have to be reported
within two weeks from receipt of shipment at destination.
If not installed immediately, it is recommended to store the fan in
a dry and shaded area, and do not put any heavy materials of any
kindupontheblades. Forlong-termstorage, itisnecessarytocheck
the condition of the corrosion preventive coating on all machined
surfaces.
4
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Installation
Rotation and Flow Direction
The rotation direction is correct when the airflow moves from the
convex back (suction surface) of the blade, to the concave side
(pressure surface). Figure 1 shows the conventional clockwise di-
rection of rotation and normal direction of airflow as viewed from
the discharge face of the rotor.
Flow Direction
Flow Direction
Figure 1
Installation Instructions
1––Remove blade pillow block and fasteners 4, 5, 6, 7, 15 from the
hub disk, one set a time (Figure 2).
2––Ifthehubhasnotbeensuppliedalreadyassembledtotheflange,
install the coupling flange 2 on the disk 3, complying with torque
settings, bolt orientation, tightening order, and pins as shown in the
table following Figure 2.
5
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Installation
10B
10A
3
9
7
5
1
2
8
6
Figure 2
4
10
6
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Installation
Torque hub assembly bolts 11 according to the following table:
Bolt Torque
Fan Diameter
Flange Type
Bolt Type
inches
N·m
ft·lb
169
93
M16 cl. 8.8
230
84" to 96"
Type 115
M16 cl. A4-70 126
M16 cl. A4-80 168
124
329
181
241
M20 cl. 8.8
447
108" to 168"
Type 190
M20 cl. A4-70 246
M20 cl. A4-80 328
3––Hub into driveshaft installation (Figure 2).
• As for the hub with cylindrical bore, the hub is bored to attach
directly to the drive shaft.
Coat the output drive shaft with a thin layer of silicon grease.
If a space ring 10A is supplied, drive it into the drive shaft until it
comes in contact with the drive shaft shoulder.
Drive the hub with cylindrical bore into the drive shaft until it comes
in contact with the drive shaft shoulder (or space ring shoulder if
supplied).
Never power the drive shaft with special washer 16 and the retain-
ing bolt 17 missing or loose.
Warning
• As for the hub with tapered bushing hole, be sure drive shaft,
bushing and hub bore are not greased. Slide the bushing into the
drive shaft to your design position.
Position the hub core over the bushing taper; insert bushing screws
throughthebushingflangeintothethreadedholeinthehubcoupling;
torque bushing screws according to the following table:
Screw Torque
Bushing Type
N·m
40
ft·lb
29
Q1 and Q2
R1 and R2
40
29
7
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Installation
The drive shaft end must remain recessed at least 1⁄32" in the hub
boretopreventdangerousrotorverticaltranslationonceretaining
bolt 16 has been tightened to the shaft end.
Caution
Warning
Never power the drive shaft with bushing bolts not torqued or
bushing improperly positioned.
4––Install the blade.
Sandwich the blade shank between the pillow blocks 4 and 5, en-
suring both the pins 7 are in proper position (Figure 2).
Fit pillow blocks 4 and 5, pins 7, pillow block plate 6, blade and
pillow block fasteners 15 on hub disk as shown in previous Figure
3 without tightening bolts.
Rotate fan to check tip clearance is in accordance with the specified
value (tip clearance ratio x/D, where x = the distance from the blade
tip to the fan ring and D = the rotor diameter). The gap between
blade tip and fan ring must be measured along blade axis.
Tighten the pillow block bolts 15, to hold the blade in extended
position, leaving enough clearance to allow blade rotation on its
own axis for pitch setting.
5––Setting blade pitch.
The pitch angle of each blade has to be set at the A° value specified
in the rotor identification plate with a 0.5° maximum tolerance: in
order to set the pitch, the quotes shown in following Figure 3 must
beobserved;notethesequotesareshownonthefandatasheet,and
are specific for each diameter of the Marley Ultra Low-Noise fan.
8
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Installation
R
G X øH
T
Z
V
K
S
D
U
øF
øE
øC
Figure 3
FAN DIAMTER (A)
Rotate the blade on its axis until the required pitch angle is ob-
tained.
Check there is no gap between each blade shaft shoulder and cor-
responding pillow block.
Torque pillow block bolts 15 according to the following tables,
complying with bolt orientation and tightening order as shown in
Figure 4.
1
4
3
2
Figure 4
4 Bolt Pillow Block Tightening Order
6––Repeat for each blade steps described in points 4 and 5. Before
starting the pitch angle setting procedure, turn the fan till the blade
to be set is at the same point in the fan ring where previous pitch
angle was set.
In order to determine the torque setting of standard bolts 15, with
the 8.8 stamping, search in the following table the bolt type set for
the diameter of the fan in object.
9
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Installation
Bolt Torque
N·m
Fan Diameter
inches
Bolt 15
ft·lb
208
294
500
84" to 96"
108" to 120"
132" to 144"
M18
M20
M24
282.5
400.3
679.8
The screw class information is shown in the fan documenta-
tion part list.
Note
Stainless steel bolts 15 with the A4-80 stamping:
Bolt Torque
N·m
Fan Diameter
inches
Bolt 15
ft·lb
129
181
313
84" to 96"
108" to 120"
132" to 144"
M18
M20
M24
175.6
246.2
425.7
In the case of a structure equipped with multiple fans, before
setting the pitch angle to all the fans, set the pitch on one fan
only and follow the instructions for operation starting on page
11.
Note
10
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Operation
Prior to Start-Up
1––Make sure all the pillow blocks are fixed to the hub boss—if any
movement of the blocks is detected, do not operate the fan and
check the torque of bolts 15.
2––Rotatefantochecktipclearanceisinaccordancewiththespeci-
fied value (tip clearance ratio x/D, where x = the distance from the
bladetiptothefanringandD=therotordiameter). Thegapbetween
blade tip and fan ring must be measured along blade axis.
3––Check gear box oil level or belt tension to be as indicated by
the manufacturer.
4––Remove all tools from the area.
5––Connect motor to power supply.
6––Start fan for a few seconds, and then switch it off. While the fan
is still turning, check that the direction of the blade rotation is cor-
rect (see Rotation and Flow Direction).
Post Start-Up
1––Check power absorption: if excessive, reduce the blade pitch
angle until the desired power is achieved (set the new pitch on all
the fans of a same structure); if lower than predicted, increase the
blade pitch angle until the desired power is achieved (set the new
pitch angle on all the fans of a same structure).
Power absorption varies in inverse proportion to the air tem-
perature.
Note
2––Check the vibrations level in the position shown in Figure 5.
Do not exceed the most restrictive amplitude values between the
limits imposed by the normative of the structure where the fan is
installed and the limits imposed by the VDI 2056 normative. In this
case, shut down the unit and trace the cause of such excessive
vibration by referring to section Possible Causes of Vibration in the
following section.
11
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Operation
Figure 5
3––After the rotor has been running for one hour, check the torque
of the hub screws 15.
4––Repeat the check of screws 15 after 24 hours from start-up.
12
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Maintenance
Maintenance and Operation
1––Inspect the overall fan condition periodically.
Inspection intervals depend on fan operating conditions and may
vary from a minimum of 2 weeks to a maximum of 6 months.
The following components should be specifically inspected when
inspecting the overall fan conditions:
- Screw torque.
- Fasteners corrosion.
- General condition of blade surface.
2––Ice formation on the blades of operating fans must be strictly
avoided.
3––If ice has formed on a stationary fan, it must be removed prior
to start-up to avoid damaging the blades. Snow formed on a sta-
tionary fan must be periodically removed, according to the snow
accumulation itself.
4––Turn off 2-speed motor for at least 30 seconds before switching
to low speed.
5––Stop the unit completely before reversing the fan direction.
6––Check the vibrations level in the position shown in Figure 5 at
regular intervals.
The vibration level must not exceed the most restrictive amplitude
values between the limits imposed by the normative of the structure
where the fan is installed and the limits imposed by the VDI 2056
normative. In this case, shut down the unit and trace the cause of
such excessive vibration by referring to page 14.
It is advisable to keep a record of the readings taken on each oc-
casion for comparison. Always take readings at the same positions
and in the same manner. Observe the safety precautions insuring
power supply is turned off. The fan vibration levels constitute an
invaluable indication of the state of the plant and should be moni-
tored frequently (e.g. monthly).
Temperature Range
This series of fans are designed to operate at these temperatures.
Minimum is -20ºC (-4ºF)
Maximum is +82ºC (+180ºF)
13
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Maintenance
Possible Causes of Vibration
The actual causes of vibration may change considerably. Some of
the most common are as follows.
1–– Unbalance of one or more blades: the vibration caused by blade
imbalance occurs on the tip path plane with a frequency equal to
the fan RPM and at an amplitude which is dependent on the degree
of imbalance and the square of the rotational speed.
2––Blade pitch angle not included in the 0.5° tolerance: this con-
dition causes vibration outside the tip path plane at a frequency
equal to the fan RPM and at an amplitude which is dependent on
the square of the rotational speed.
3––Bladestooclosetosupports(periodicaerodynamicturbulence):
thisconditionischaracterizedbyvibrationoutsidethetippathplane
at a frequency equal to the product of the number of fan blades and
RPM. The amplitude depends upon the extent of the aerodynamic
turbulence.
4––Resonance between one of the possible forcing frequencies of
the fan and one or more of the vibration modes of the structure on
which it is installed. The main forcing frequencies generated by the
fan, normally correspond to the following frequencies:
- Fan RPM
- The product of fan RPM and the number of blades
- The product of fan RPM and the number of structural
supports capable of generating aerodynamic turbulence
(if they are arranged in an axial-geometric fashion).
5––Vibrationtransmittedbythestructureonwhichthefanisinstalled:
thefrequenciesofsuchvibrationdependonboththeexternalforcing
frequencies and the resonant frequencies of the structure.
6––Resonance of the blades with one of the possible forcing fre-
quencies; in the vast majority of cases the vibration occurs outside
of the tip path plane.
7––Misalignment of the drive shaft: this generates vibration with a
frequency that is once or twice the RPM.
8––Looseningofbladeand/orspeedreducerfixingbolts.Thebehavior
of the rotor under these circumstances is totally unpredictable, as
it depends upon the extent and location of the loosening.
14
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Maintenance
9––Worn output shaft bearing: this condition generates vibration on
the tip path plane at a frequency equal to the rotor RPM.
10––The fan and/of the structure bolts are not tightened: in this case
all the bolts have to be tightened.
11––The draining holes of the blades are obstructed: they have to
be opened.
The amplitude of the fan vibrations is determined by the rigidity
of its support. Vibration that would not be critical to a fan sup-
ported by a sufficiently rigid structure is amplified by an overly
flexiblesupport.Thissupportrigiditymayalsocauseunexpected
variations in the resonant frequencies of the blades.
Note
15
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Parts List
Item
Standard
Material
Standard
Description
Figure 6
Protection
1
2
Blade
FRP
––
Coupling Flange
Steel
Steel
Epoxy Paint
Epoxy Paint
––
3
Hub Disk
4
Lower Pillow Block
Upper Pillow Block
Pillow Block Plate
Pins
Aluminum
Aluminum
Steel
5
––
6
Epoxy Paint
Zinc Plated
HDG
7
Steel
8
Coupling Flange Washer
Coupling Flange Lock Washer
Coupling Flange Nut
Space Ring (if needed)
Taper Bushing (if required)
Coupling Flange Bolt
Pillow Block Washer
Pillow Block Lock Washer
Pillow Block Nut
Steel - R40
Steel - R40
Steel - 8.8 class
Steel
9
HDG
10
10A
10B
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
HDG
Zinc Plated
Burnished
HDG
Malleable Cast Iron
Steel - 8.8 class
Steel - R40
Steel - R40
Steel - 8.8 class
Steel - 8.8 class
––
HDG
HDG
HDG
Pillow Block Bolt
HDG
Screw (not included)
Washer (not included)
––
––
––
For special applications, materials and protective coatings
could be different. In this case, make reference to the fan docu-
mentation.
Note
16
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Parts List
11
2
8
15
12
6
5
1
16
17
4
7
3
12
13
14
8
9
10
10B
10A
Figure 6
17
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Troubleshooting
Trouble
Cause
Remedy
System congestion.
Clean the entire system.
Check the real obstacles area and the inlet shape towards
the original design.
Obstacles to the air flow.
In dry-coolers the minimum free height of the inlet area has
to be 1 time the fan diameter at least; this height has to be
higher in case of multiple units in line.
Low air flow
Static pressure higher than the specified Increase blade pitch angle (till 3º after checking the data
Low power absorption
one.
sheet selection.
Pitch angle lowered by blade rotation
(e.g. screw (15) not tightened at the right
torque).
Set the right pitch angle and refer to the operation manual
to set the right torque of screws and bolts.
Increase blade pitch angle (till 3º after checking the data
sheet selection.
Temperature higher than the design.
Temperature lower than the design.
Static pressure lower than the design.
Decrease blade pitch angle (till 3º after checking the data
sheet selection.
High power absorption
Decrease blade pitch angle (till 3º after checking the data
sheet selection.
Screws and bolts of the fan and/or the
structure loosened.
Torque all screws and bolts.
Rubbing between the
blades and the fan ring
Fan not centered.
Center the fan.
Tip clearance too small.
Unbalance of one or more blades.
Increase the fan ring diameter.
Contact SPX Cooling.
Blade pitch angle not included in the 0.5º
tolerance.
Set right blade pitch angle.
Contact SPX Cooling.
Blades too close to supports (periodic aero-
dynamic turbulence).
Resonance between one of the possible
forcing frequencies of the fan and one or
more of the vibration modes of the structure
on which it is installed.
Contact SPX Cooling.
Vibration transmitted by the structure on
which the fan is installed.
High vibration level
Contact SPX Cooling.
Contact SPX Cooling.
Resonance of the blades with one of the
possible forcing frequencies.
Misalignment of the drive shaft.
Worn output shaft bearing.
Realign of the drive shaft.
Contact the supplier.
The fan and/or the structure bolts are not
tightened.
Tighten screws and bolts at the right torque.
Open the draining holes.
The draining holes of the blades are ob-
structed.
18
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In the interest of technological progress, all products are subject to design and/or material change without notice.
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©2009 SPX Cooling Technologies, Inc. Printed in USA
M07-1126
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