Powermatic Lathe 3520B User Manual

This Manual is Bookmarked

Operating Instructions and Parts Manual

Woodturning Lathe

Model 3520B

shown with optional 18-inch bed extension and user-made shelf

WMH TOOL GROUP

2420 Vantage Drive

Elgin, Illinois 60124

Ph.: 800-274-6848

Part No. M-1352001

Revision A1 8/06

www.wmhtoolgroup.com

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Table of Contents

Warranty and Service ..............................................................................................................................2

Table of Contents ....................................................................................................................................3

Warning...................................................................................................................................................4

Introduction..............................................................................................................................................6

Specifications ..........................................................................................................................................6

Unpacking ...............................................................................................................................................7

Contents of the Shipping Container ......................................................................................................7

Assembly.................................................................................................................................................8

Comparator Rear Bracket.....................................................................................................................9

Tool Caddy...........................................................................................................................................9

Guard...................................................................................................................................................9

Bed Extension (Optional Accessory)...................................................................................................10

Shelf Assemblies (Optional) ...............................................................................................................11

Grounding Instructions...........................................................................................................................12

Single Phase Operation......................................................................................................................13

Three Phase Operation......................................................................................................................13

Extension cords..................................................................................................................................13

Adjustments...........................................................................................................................................13

Headstock and Tailstock Movement ...................................................................................................13

Cam Tightness...................................................................................................................................14

Tool Support ......................................................................................................................................14

Locking Handles.................................................................................................................................14

Live Center and Cone.........................................................................................................................15

Indexer...............................................................................................................................................15

Centers – Installing and Removing .....................................................................................................15

Face Plate – Installing and Removing.................................................................................................16

Comparator – Installing and Using......................................................................................................16

Speed Change ...................................................................................................................................17

Sheave and Belt Alignment ................................................................................................................18

Checking Spindle Play........................................................................................................................18

Sheave/Drive Belt Replacement.........................................................................................................18

Operating Controls.................................................................................................................................19

Operation...............................................................................................................................................20

Turning Tools.....................................................................................................................................21

Spindle Turning..................................................................................................................................22

Cutting Techniques ............................................................................................................................23

Face Plate and Bowl Turning..............................................................................................................25

Bowl Turning Techniques...................................................................................................................26

Maintenance..........................................................................................................................................27

Indexer Positions ...................................................................................................................................28

Troubleshooting.....................................................................................................................................29

Recommended Lathe Speeds (per diameter of workpiece).....................................................................30

Replacement Parts ................................................................................................................................30

Headstock Assembly..........................................................................................................................31

Parts List: Headstock Assembly .........................................................................................................32

Stand and Bed Assembly ...................................................................................................................34

Parts List: Stand and Bed Assembly...................................................................................................35

Optional Accessories: Bed Extensions................................................................................................36

Optional Accessories: Outboard Turning Stand...................................................................................37

Optional Accessories: Adapters, Face Plates, and Tool Supports .......................................................38

Optional Accessories: Dust Port Assembly .........................................................................................39

Electrical Connections ...........................................................................................................................40

Electrical: Remote ON/OFF Switch (Optional Accessory) .......................................................................41

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Warning

1. Read and understand the entire owners manual before attempting assembly or operation.

2. Read and understand the warnings posted on the machine and in this manual. Failure to comply with

all of these warnings may cause serious injury.

3. Replace the warning labels if they become obscured or removed.

4. This Lathe is designed and intended for use by properly trained and experienced personnel only. If

you are not familiar with the proper and safe operation of a Lathe, do not use until proper training and

knowledge have been obtained.

5. Do not use this Lathe for other than its intended use. If used for other purposes, WMH Tool Group

disclaims any real or implied warranty and holds itself harmless from any injury that may result from

that use.

6. Always wear approved safety glasses/face shields while using this machine. Everyday eyeglasses

only have impact resistant lenses; they are not safety glasses.

7. Before operating this Lathe, remove tie, rings, watches and other jewelry, and roll sleeves up past the

elbows. Remove all loose clothing and confine long hair. Non-slip footwear or anti-skid floor strips are

recommended. Do not wear gloves.

8. Wear ear protectors (plugs or muffs) during extended periods of operation.

9. Some dust created by power sanding, sawing, grinding, drilling and other construction activities

contain chemicals known to cause cancer, birth defects or other reproductive harm. Some examples

of these chemicals are:

•

Lead from lead based paint.

Crystalline silica from bricks, cement and other masonry products.

Arsenic and chromium from chemically treated lumber.

Your risk of exposure varies, depending on how often you do this type of work. To reduce your

exposure to these chemicals, work in a well-ventilated area and work with approved safety

equipment, such as face or dust masks that are specifically designed to filter out microscopic

particles.

10. Do not operate this machine while tired or under the influence of drugs, alcohol or any medication.

11. Do not expose this machine to rain, or operate machine in damp locations.

12. Make certain the switch is in the OFF position before connecting the machine to the power supply.

13. Make certain the machine is properly grounded.

14. Make all machine adjustments or maintenance with the machine unplugged from the power source.

15. Remove adjusting keys and wrenches. Form a habit of checking to see that keys and adjusting

wrenches are removed from the machine before turning it on.

16. Keep the safety guard in place at all times when the machine is in use. If removed for maintenance

purposes or for turning procedures which do not permit its use, exercise extreme caution and replace

the guard immediately after the operation is complete.

17. Check damaged parts. Before further use of the machine, a guard or other part that is damaged

should be carefully checked to determine that it will operate properly and perform its intended

function. Check for alignment of moving parts, binding of moving parts, breakage of parts, mounting

and any other conditions that may affect its operation. A guard or other part that is damaged should

be properly repaired or replaced.

18. Provide for adequate space surrounding work area and non-glare, overhead lighting.

19. Keep the floor around the machine clean and free of scrap material, oil and grease.

20. Keep visitors a safe distance from the work area. Keep children away.

21. Make your workshop child proof with padlocks, master switches or by removing starter keys.

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22. Give your work undivided attention. Looking around, carrying on a conversation and “horse-play” are

careless acts that can result in serious injury.

23. Maintain a balanced stance at all times so that you do not fall or lean against the centers, workpiece

or other moving parts. Do not overreach or use excessive force to perform any machine operation.

24. Use the right tool at the correct speed and feed rate. Do not force a tool or attachment to do a job for

which it was not designed. The right tool will do the job better and safer.

25. Use recommended accessories; improper accessories may be hazardous.

26. Keep turning tools sharp and clean for the best and safest performance, and position the tools

properly in relation to the workpiece.

27. Turn off the machine before cleaning. Use a brush or compressed air to remove chips or debris — do

not use your hands.

28. Do not stand on the machine. Serious injury could occur if the machine tips over.

29. Never leave the Lathe running unattended. Turn the power off and do not leave the machine until it

comes to a complete stop.

30. Remove loose items and unnecessary work pieces from the area before starting the machine.

31. Check the workpiece carefully for splits, knots or other obstructions which may cause a safety risk

while turning.

32. Adjust the tool support to the proper height and position for the work. Rotate the workpiece by hand to

check clearance with the tool support.

33. Select the appropriate speed for the turning job at hand. Start at low speed and allow the Lathe to

ramp up to operating speed.

34. Never stop a rotating workpiece with your hand.

35. If gluing up a workpiece, always use a high-quality glue of the type necessary for that particular

workpiece.

Familiarize yourself with the following safety notices used in this manual:

This means that if precautions are not heeded, it may result in minor injury and/or

possible machine damage.

This means that if precautions are not heeded, it may result in serious injury or possibly

even death.

- - SAVE THESE INSTRUCTIONS - -

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Introduction

This manual is provided by WMH Tool Group covering the safe operation and maintenance procedures

for a Model 3520B Lathe. This manual contains instructions on installation, safety precautions, general

operating procedures, maintenance instructions and parts breakdown. This machine has been designed

and constructed to provide years of trouble free operation if used in accordance with instructions set forth

in this manual. If there are any questions or comments, please contact either your local supplier or WMH

Tool Group. WMH Tool Group can also be reached at our web site: www.wmhtoolgroup.com.

Specifications

Model Number.................................................................................................................................3520B

Stock Number.............................................................................................................................. 1352001

Working distance between centers (in.)............................................................................................31-1/2

Working distance between centers, 18” bed extension mounted (in.)......................................................48

Maximum distance between spindle face and tailstock quill (in.).............................................................36

Swing over bed (in.)...............................................................................................................................20

Maximum overall length (in.) ..................................................................................................................73

Overall height to top of headstock (in.).............................................................................................49-1/2

Distance from floor to centerline of spindle (in.)......................................................................................45

Spindle speeds (RPM)....................................................................................high 125-3200; low 50-1200

Motor...................................................................................................................TEFC, 2HP, 220V, 60Hz

Lathe power requirements ............................................................................................. 220V, 3Ph or 1Ph

Spindle thread size (in.) ........................................................................................................1-1/4 x 8 TPI.

Headstock spindle taper.............................................................................................................. #2 Morse

Tailstock quill taper..................................................................................................................... #2 Morse

Hole through tailstock spindle, diameter (in.).........................................................................................3/8

Hole through headstock spindle, diameter (in.)......................................................................................5/8

Drive system....................................................................................................... Poly V belt, inverter drive

Tailstock quill travel (in.).....................................................................................................................4-1/2

Footprint of stand (in.)............................................................................................................. 50 L x 24 W

Spindle direction................................................................................................................forward/reverse

Net Weight (lbs.)..................................................................................................................................630

Shipping Weight (lbs.)..........................................................................................................................682

The above specifications were current at the time this manual was published, but because of our policy of

continuous improvement, WMH Tool Group reserves the right to change specifications at any time and

without prior notice, without incurring obligations.

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Tool Support, 14” – (D)

Face Plate, 3” – (E)

Live Center – (F)

Unpacking

Open shipping container and check for shipping

damage. Report any damage immediately to

your distributor and shipping agent. Do not

discard any shipping material until the Lathe is

assembled and running properly.

Spur Center, 1” – (G)

Index Pin – (H)

Live Center Pin – (J)

Knockout Rod – (K)

Face Plate Wrench – (L)

Tool Caddy – (M)

Compare the contents of your container with the

following parts list to make sure all parts are

intact. Some parts can be found in separate

boxes packed around the Lathe. Missing parts, if

any, should be reported to your distributor. Read

the instruction manual thoroughly for assembly,

maintenance and safety instructions.

Levelers – (N)

12 Socket Hd. Cap Screws, 3/8” x 1-1/4” – (O)

12 Lock Washers, 3/8” – (P)

10 Flat Washers, 3/8” – (R)

Contents of the Shipping Container

Comparator Centers – (S)

Comparator Rear Bracket with

Lock Handle – (T)

Lathe Bed, with Headstock, Tailstock, &

Tool Support Base – (A)

Leg Assemblies – (B)

Guard – (C)

Owner's Manual

Warranty Card

Read and understand the entire contents of this manual before attempting set-up

or operation! Failure to comply may cause serious injury.

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Assembly

Tools required for assembly

Forklift or hoist with straps/slings

14mm wrench

4mm and 8mm hex wrenches

The Lathe should be

disconnected from power during assembly.

1. Remove any screws or straps that hold the

Lathe parts to the pallet, and remove

protective wrapping.

2. The Lathe should be located in a dry area,

on a sturdy floor, and with sufficient lighting.

Leave plenty of space around the machine

for operations and routine maintenance

work.

If you have a hoist or forklift:

3. Lift the Lathe off the pallet using a forklift or

hoist, and move it to the desired location.

(Forks may need to be positioned more

toward the headstock to balance the

weight.) Proceed to step 6 to install the legs

and levelers while the Lathe is still off the

floor.

If you do NOT have a hoist or forklift:

4. If a forklift or hoist is not available, the use

of one or more assistants is mandatory. First

decrease the weight on the Lathe by

removing the headstock, tailstock and tool

support base (Refer to “Headstock and

Tailstock Movement” on page 13 for

removal instructions).

The headstock is heavy; use

caution when removing it from the lathe bed.

Figure 1

5. Lift the Lathe bed and set it upside down on

the floor (make sure padding/cloths have

been laid down to prevent scratching the

bed). Or, set the Lathe bed upon a table of

sufficient height to allow the legs and

levelers to be assembled, as shown in

Figure 1.

6. While the Lathe is off the floor, install the

legs to the bed using eight socket head cap

screws with eight lock washers and eight flat

washers (Figure 1). Tighten the screws

firmly with a 8mm hex wrench.

7. Screw the levelers into the threaded holes

of the legs (Figure 1). Tighten the hex nuts

against the bottom of the legs with a 14mm

wrench.

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8. The levelers can be adjusted at any time to

ensure the Lathe is stable and level.

9. Set the Lathe right side up (or remove it

from the table).

10. Exposed metal areas of the Lathe, such as

the bed and spindles, have been factory

coated with a protectant. This should be

removed with a soft cloth and a cleaner-

degreaser. Clean the bed areas under the

headstock, tailstock and tool support base.

Do not use an abrasive pad, and do not

allow solvents to contact painted or plastic

areas.

Figure 2

11. Re-install headstock, tool support base, and

tailstock.

Comparator Rear Bracket

Mount the comparator rear bracket (A, Figure 2)

to the back of the tailstock with two 3/8 x 1-1/4

socket head cap screws, two 3/8 lock washers

and two 3/8 flat washers (B, Figure 2). The

bracket has a slot so it can be aligned with the

bracket on the headstock. (See “Comparator –

Installing and Using” for further information.)

Tool Caddy

Figure 3

The tool caddy, shown in Figure 3, can be

mounted to the left end or right end of the Lathe.

The left end, near the headstock area, is

generally preferred for convenience. Use two

socket head cap screws and two lock washers

with an 8mm hex wrench to secure the tool

caddy to the threaded holes in the Lathe.

The tool caddy has holes for placing the

knockout rod, spur center, live center, live center

pin, comparator centers, and faceplate wrench.

Accessories can also be stored in the tailstock,

as shown in Figure 4.

Guard

Figure 4

The guard must always be

used in operations that will allow its use.

1. On the guard, loosen the set screw on the

outer collar (shown in Figure 5) with a 4mm

hex wrench. Slide the outer collar off the

guard support rod.

2. Insert the guard support rod into the

mounting bracket at the rear of the

headstock, as shown in Figure 5. You will

have to lift up on the spring pin, as shown,

to slide the guard support rod into the

mounting bracket. Release the spring pin

and it will snap into position as you slide the

support rod farther in.

Figure 5

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3. Install the outer collar and tighten the set

screw.

4. The guard can be pivoted to one of two

positions: Operating mode (shown on front

cover) or tilted back for stock loading

(shown in Figure 6).

5. Pull up on the spring pin, and begin tilting

the guard, then release the spring pin.

When the guard reaches either of the two

positions, the spring pin will engage.

Bed Extension (Optional Accessory)

Figure 6

An optional 18” bed extension assembly, stock

number 6294727B, is available for the Lathe

(see your Powermatic dealer). To mount the bed

extension to the Lathe:

1. Slide the tailstock away from the edge of the

bed.

2. Have an assistant hold the bed extension

flush to the end of the Lathe bed, and insert

three 3/8 x 1-3/4 socket head cap screws,

three 3/8 lock washers and three 3/8 flat

washers, through the holes in the bed

extension into the threaded holes on the

Lathe. See Figure 7.

Figure 7

(optional 18” bed extension shown)

3. Shift the bed extension upward so that it is

slightly higher than the Lathe bed. Tighten

the screws with an 8mm wrench just enough

to hold the bed extension to the Lathe bed.

IMPORTANT: The surface of the bed

extension must be level with the surface of

the Lathe bed to allow smooth movement of

the tailstock across the seam.

4. Use a dead blow mallet, or a hammer with a

block of wood, to tap down the bed

extension until it is flush with the Lathe bed.

See Figure 8. Never use a steel-faced

hammer directly against the bed

surfaces. Tap the bed extension where

needed until its surface is aligned with the

Lathe bed, and the inside ways are aligned.

5. Firmly tighten the three socket head cap

screws. Make sure your alignment of the

bed surfaces doesn’t shift while tightening

the screws.

Figure 8

6. Unscrew the stop bolt from the Lathe bed

(Figure 7), and screw it into the hole at the

end of the bed extension.

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For outboard turning, where the headstock is

moved to the opposite end of the Lathe to

accommodate large bowl blanks, you can (1)

mount the 18” bed extension to the three lower

holes on the Lathe frame, and (2) mount a

vertical extension post [optional accessory,

stock number 3520B-310] to the tool rest base.

See Figure 9.

Shelf Assemblies (Optional)

The double ledges on the inside of the Lathe

legs will provide support for a shelf (not

provided), which is convenient for storing larger

items while keeping them easily accessible.

Figure 9

(shown with optional accessories)

Figures 10-11-12 illustrate three methods of

creating a shelf, using common lumber and

basic tools.

IMPORTANT TIP: It is unlikely that a full-size

shelf can be completely built and then inserted

between the Lathe legs. Therefore, construct the

shelf in pieces and insert screws only after the

shelf has been established beneath the Lathe.

Shelf Style 1 (Figure 10)

Lay two 2x6 boards flat upon the inner ledges.

Boards of 48” length are suitable, although 48-

1/2” is optimal.

Figure 10

Shelf Style 2 (Figure 11)

Lay two 2x4’s (or 2x6’s) on edge into the outer

ledges. Boards of 48” length are suitable, 48-

1/2” optimal.

Cut two pieces from a plywood board, and

screw them to the top edges of the 2x4’s. (One

48” plywood piece will not fit through the legs of

the Lathe; use at least two pieces.) Make the

plywood pieces flush with the outside edge of

the 2x4’s.

Shelf Style 3: (Figure 12)

This is a basket-style shelf consisting of two

2x6’s and dowel rods. The advantage of this

design is that most wood chips will fall through

the shelf instead of accumulating on it. The

instructions below are for building the shelf

shown in Figure 12. The completed shelf is

shown on the front cover of this manual.

Figure 11

Materials used:

2 – 2x6’s (48” suitable, 48-1/2” optimal).

8 – wood dowels, 4’ length, 5/8” diameter.

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1. Mark your hole centers (2” centers) along

the length of a 2x6. Place the holes so that

the tops of the dowels will be even with the

tops of the ledges on the Lathe. Also, adjust

your hole centers as necessary so that the

first and last dowel will begin at

approximately the same distance from the

ledge at both ends of the Lathe.

2. Use a 5/8” spade bit chucked in a drill press

or in a portable drill. Bore the holes through

one 2x6; this will be the rear piece.

3. On the other 2x6, do not bore through but

only deep enough to securely hold the ends

of the dowel rods. This will be the front

Figure 12

piece and will provide

pleasing

appearance at the front of your Lathe.

4. When all holes have been bored, place the

2x6’s on edge in the outer ledges of the

Lathe.

5. Cut the dowel rods to length with a miter

saw or hand saw, so that after insertion the

rods will be flush with the back of the rear

2x6.

6. Insert the dowel rods through the holes in

the rear 2x6, as shown in Figure 12.

7. A strip of wood can be screwed to the rear

2x6 to cover the dowel holes and prevent

the dowels from working out.

Grounding Instructions

Electrical connections must

be made by

qualified electrician in

compliance with all relevant codes. This

machine must be properly grounded to help

prevent electrical shock and possible fatal

injury.

This machine must be grounded. In the event of

a malfunction or breakdown, grounding provides

a path of least resistance for electric current to

reduce the risk of electric shock.

Improper connection of the equipment-

grounding conductor can result in a risk of

electric shock. The conductor, with insulation

having an outer surface that is green with or

without yellow stripes, is the equipment-

grounding conductor. If repair or replacement of

the electric cord or plug is necessary, do not

connect the equipment-grounding conductor to a

live terminal.

Check with a qualified electrician or service

personnel if the grounding instructions are not

completely understood, or if in doubt as to

whether the tool is properly grounded.

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Repair or replace a damaged or worn cord

immediately.

The Lathe will operate on single phase or three

phase, 230 volt power supply. The Lathe should

be connected to a dedicated circuit. Make sure

the characteristics of your power supply match

the specifications on the motor plate of the

Lathe.

Single Phase Operation

A three wire pigtail for use on 230 volt single

phase power is attached to the inverter and may

be “hard-wired” to the power source, or

connected to a UL/CSA listed receptacle plug.

Connect the 230 volt supply to the black and

white leads and ground the green lead.

If you are hard-wiring the Lathe to a panel,

make sure a disconnect is available for the

operator. During hard-wiring of the Lathe, make

sure the fuses have been removed or the

breakers have been tripped in the circuit to

which the Lathe will be connected. Place a

warning placard on the fuse holder or circuit

breaker to prevent it being turned on while the

machine is being wired.

Recommended Gauges (AWG) of Extension Cords

Extension Cord Length *

100 150 200

Amps

feet feet feet feet feet feet

Three Phase Operation

< 5

If three phase power is used, it will be necessary

to replace the pigtail wire attached to the

inverter with a 12/4 wire and connect the three

hot leads to the inverter at R, S, T as shown in

the wiring diagram on page 40. Always connect

the ground lead.

5 to 8

8 to 12

12 to 15

15 to 20

21 to 30

Extension cords

If an extension cord is necessary, make sure the

cord rating is suitable for the amperage listed on

the machine’s motor plate. An undersized cord

will cause a drop in line voltage resulting in loss

of power and overheating.

*based on limiting the line voltage drop to 5V at 150% of the

rated amperes.

NR: Not Recommended.

Figure 13

Use the chart in Figure 13 as a general guide in

choosing the correct size cord. If in doubt, use

the next heavier gauge. The smaller the gauge

number, the heavier the cord.

Adjustments

Headstock and Tailstock Movement

To slide the headstock or tailstock, swing the

locking handle (A, Figure 14) backward or

forward until the headstock/tailstock can slide

freely. When the headstock/tailstock is

positioned, rotate the locking handle to tighten it

securely.

Figure 14

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To remove headstock, tailstock or toolrest base

from the bed, unscrew and remove either of the

stop bolts (B, Figure 14). After re-mounting

these items on the Lathe, re-insert the stop bolt.

For most turning operations, except outboard

turning, the headstock should be positioned at

the left end of the bed, and only the tailstock

moved to accomodate the workpiece.

Cam Tightness

If the headstock, tailstock or tool rest base does

not tighten properly down against the Lathe bed

when the locking handle is tightened, it may

need adjusting. Figure 15 uses the tailstock as

the example:

1. Unscrew and remove the stop bolt on the

end of the lathe bed (B, Figure 14) and slide

the tailstock off the end of the bed.

2. Turn the tailstock on its side, and tighten the

lock nut with a wrench. See Figure 15.

3. Mount tailstock on bed and insert the stop

bolt.

Figure 15

Tool Support

A 14” tool support is provided with your Lathe. It

is designed to allow adjustment for height,

position on the bed, and angle to the work.

Loosen the locking handle on the tool support

base (C, Figure 16) to slide the support base

forward or back, and to angle it to the bed.

Tighten the locking handle firmly before

operating the Lathe.

Loosen the small handle (D, Figure 16) to raise

or lower the tool support and angle it to the

work. Tighten the handle before operating the

Lathe.

Figure 16

The small handle (D, Figure 16) can be inserted

into one of three holes on the tool support base.

The position shown in Figure 16 is preferred so

that the locking handle contacts the groove in

the tool rest shaft.

Locking Handles

Each small locking handle such as D, Figure 16

can be rotated to a more convenient position.

Simply lift up on the handle, rotate it on the pin,

then release it, making sure it seats itself on the

pin.

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Live Center and Cone

The live center cone, shown in Figure 17,

screws clockwise onto the threads of the live

center body.

To remove the cone from the live center, first

insert the live center pin through the hole in the

live center body as shown in Figure 17. If the pin

will not insert at first, rotate the cone until the pin

can be inserted. The cone can now be removed

by holding the body stationary while unscrewing

the cone.

Figure 17

Indexer

The indexer allows you to cut evenly spaced

features in a workpiece while keeping the Lathe

headstock spindle locked; for example, when

cutting flutes on a spindle blank with a router,

while the spindle blank is secured within the

Lathe centers.

There are 12 holes in the spindle collar spaced

30° apart, and 4 holes in the headstock casting

which accept the index pin (see Figures 18 and

19). The combination of holes will allow you to

mark your workpiece for evenly spaced features.

1. To use the indexer, thread the index pin

(Figure 18) into one of the four holes until

the index pin engages the spindle and

prevents it from turning. This will be your

first indexing position.

Figure 18

2. Unscrew and remove the index pin, and

look down the hole, carefully counting the

number of holes as you rotate the spindle

using the handwheel. Continue to rotate the

spindle until you reach the hole needed for

your second flute cutting, then re-insert the

index pin.

3. Refer to the more detailed instructions and

chart on page 28 to determine in which

holes to place the index pin relative to the

number of flutes desired in your workpiece.

Figure 19

NOTE: Remove index pin before turning on

the Lathe.

Centers – Installing and Removing

1. Disconnect Lathe from power source.

2. To install a spur center or live center (the

spur center should first be mounted to your

workpiece; see under “Operation” for more

details), clean the tapered end of the center

and the inside of the headstock taper

spindle, then push the center into the

headstock spindle.

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3. To remove a spur center or live center, first

remove the workpiece from the Lathe. Insert

the knockout rod (Figure 20) through the

hole in the handwheel and firmly tap the

tapered end of the spur center. The sliding

collar on the knockout rod helps give the

necessary impact without having to use a

mallet against the end of the rod.

IMPORTANT: Hold the center by either placing

your thumb and forefinger on the outside

diameter of the spur center, or wrapping the

center with a rag. The center can be damaged if

allowed to fall.

Figure 20

Face Plate – Installing and Removing

1. Disconnect Lathe from power source.

2. Mount the face plate to your bowl blank.

3. Push in the spindle lock button (Figure 21)

and rotate the handwheel slightly until the

spindle locks. Keep the spindle lock button

pushed in.

4. Install the face plate onto the threads of the

headstock spindle and rotate clockwise

hand-tight. When the Lathe is turned on

(forward rotation), the rotational force will

snug the face plate even further onto the

threads.

Figure 21

If at any time you will be

reversing spindle rotation, make sure the

two set screws in the face plate are tight!

One of these is shown in Figure 22. Failure

to do this may cause the face plate to loosen

from the headstock spindle.

5. To remove the face plate, loosen the two

socket set screws (Figure 22). Engage the

spindle lock button and turn the face plate

counterclockwise with the face plate

wrench, as shown in Figure 21.

Comparator – Installing and Using

Figure 22

The spindle comparator consists of two

comparator centers inserted into the brackets at

the back of the Lathe. The comparator is used to

mount a finished, or “reference spindle” from

which measurements can be taken, the

measurements being transferred to the new

piece which is being turned.

The guard must be removed

to use the spindle comparator. Use caution

and wear a face mask when turning without

the guard installed.

1. Remove the guard from the headstock

bracket.

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2. Install the comparator spur center into the

headstock bracket, by lifting up on the

spring pin and inserting the comparator spur

center until its point is about even with the

point of the spur center in the headstock

spindle. See Figure 23. The spring pin in the

bracket should engage one of the holes in

the comparator center at this position.

3. Install the rear comparator center in the

tailstock bracket and tighten the bracket

handle. See Figure 24.

4. Mount the spur center with the spindle blank

that you will be turning. Loosen the tailstock

locking handle, and slide the tailstock until

the live center is about 1-inch from the

spindle blank, then tighten the locking

handle. Advance the live center using the

tailstock handwheel, until the live center is

secured in the spindle blank.

Figure 23

5. Mount the reference spindle between the

comparator centers, as shown in Figure 24.

NOTE: The reference spindle should be

mounted last after all adjustment of the

tailstock and ram has been accomplished

with the spindle blank. Likewise, when

turning operation is complete, remove the

reference spindle first.

Figure 24

(shown with optional 18” bed extension)

Speed Change

1. Disconnect Lathe from power source.

2. To change speed ranges, pull open the

access door on the headstock.

3. Loosen the pivot lock handle (A, Figure 25)

and lift up the tension handle (B, Figure 25)

to raise the motor. Tighten the pivot lock

handle (A, Figure 25) to hold the motor in

the raised position.

4. There should be sufficient slack in the belt

to reposition it to the other steps on the

sheaves. The label on the access door

shows the required belt position.

5. Loosen the pivot lock handle (A, Figure 25)

and lower the motor to tension the belt. Be

sure that the Poly-V grooves of the belt seat

properly in the corresponding groove of the

sheave. Do not overtension; a very light

pressure on the tension handle (B, Figure

25) is adequate to prevent belt slippage.

Figure 25

Belt shown in LOW speed range position

6. Tighten the pivot lock handle (A, Figure 25).

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Sheave and Belt Alignment

The motor and spindle sheaves are aligned with

each other at the factory, but if any service is

performed that affects their alignment it is very

important that they be realigned. To realign

them, loosen the two set screws on the spindle

sheave (C, Figure 25) with a hex wrench, and

slide the spindle sheave into the proper position.

Re-tighten set screws.

When sheaves and belt are properly aligned,

there should be no unusual pulsing sounds or

noise coming from the belt.

Checking Spindle Play

The spindle bearing has been set at the factory

for general turning applications. There should be

no "end play" or looseness along the spindle’s

axis. If any looseness should ever occur, it may

be rectified by carefully tightening the bearing

lock nut on the spindle, as follows. (See Figure

26).

1. Use a screwdriver to carefully bend back

any tabs on the tabbed lock washer (C,

Figure 26) that interfere with the insets (B,

Figure 26) on the spanner nut.

2. Place the end of a flat head screwdriver

down against one of the insets of the

bearing lock nut (B, Figure 26).

Figure 26

3. Tap the handle of the screwdriver with a

mallet so that it turns the spanner nut (A,

Figure 26) tighter in a clockwise direction.

Rotate the spanner nut only about 1/16” at a

time.

Do not overtighten the

spanner nut or the spindle bearings will

overheat.

4. The spanner nut should be tightened just

enough to remove the end play and the

spindle should still rotate very freely. Run

the lathe for a time, and check for heat from

the spindle bearings. If the bearings are

running hot, the spanner nut is too tight and

should be loosened slightly.

5. After the spanner nut (B, Figure 26) has

been properly adjusted, carefully bend back

into place any tabs on the tabbed lock

washer (C, Figure 26).

Sheave/Drive Belt Replacement

Replacing the spindle sheave can be a difficult

procedure; it is recommended that the

headstock be taken to an authorized service

center for this.

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1. Disconnect Lathe from power source.

2. Loosen the pivot lock handle (A, Figure 25)

and lift up the tension handle (B, Figure 25)

to raise the motor.

3. Tighten the pivot lock handle (A, Figure 25)

to hold the motor in the raised position. Slip

the belt off the pulleys.

4. Loosen the two set screws on the

handwheel (A, Figure 26) with a hex

wrench, and pull the handwheel off the

headstock spindle.

5. Loosen and remove the bearing lock nut (B,

Figure 26) and tabbed lock washer (C,

Figure 26).

6. Slide the spindle a little way out of the

headstock, just enough to remove sheave or

belt.

NOTE: You may have to tap the end of the

spindle with a wood block to move it. (Do

NOT use a steel face hammer directly

against the spindle.)

7. If replacing the spindle sheave, loosen the

two set screws (C, Figure 25), and slide the

sheave off the spindle.

8. Install the new spindle sheave, loosely

securing the two set screws. Make sure the

sheave is oriented properly.

9. Slide the spindle back into place, install

tabbed lock washer (C, Figure 26), and

bearing lock nut (B, Figure 26). Check for

any spindle play at this point (See

“Checking Spindle Play” section).

10. Re-install the handwheel and tighten the set

screws (A, Figure 26).

11. Align the new sheave (see “Sheave and Belt

Alignment”) then tighten the two set screws

(C, Figure 26) securely on the sheave.

12. Loosen the pivot lock handle and lower the

motor using the tension handle. Re-tighten

the pivot lock handle.

Operating Controls

See Figure 27.

(A) On/Off Button: Push in to stop the machine;

pull out to start the Lathe.

NOTE: If there is a power outage while

operating the Lathe, the Lathe will not

automatically restart once power is restored.

Cycle the on/off switch in order to restart the

machine.

Figure 27

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(B) Forward/Reverse

When turning with a face

plate, make sure both set screws on the face

plate are tight (see Figure 22) before

reversing the spindle. Failure to comply may

cause the face plate to spin loose from the

spindle.

at the lowest speed, with the dial rotated all the

way counter clockwise.

A.C. Inverter (mounted to rear of headstock)

The 3520B Lathe uses the latest technology in

A.C. inverter drives to provide infinitely variable

spindle speeds within the specified ranges

(shown under “Specifications” on page 6). The

inverter controls the speed of the motor by

varying the frequency of the voltage supplied to

the motor. The inverter provides an acceleration

ramp that eliminates the shock of normal

starting. Also, a braking feature eliminates long

coasting periods after the Lathe is turned off.

The 2 horsepower motor is specially designed

for use with inverter drives, and is balanced to

reduce noise and minimize vibration.

The A.C. Inverter does not require any

programming – it is pre-programmed from the

factory. The buttons on the face of the

inverter should never be pushed at any time.

Use only the controls on the front of the

headstock.

If you suspect there is a problem with the

inverter or the inverter settings, contact WMH

Tool Group technical service at 1-800-274-6848.

Operation

The information which follows is general in

nature and is not intended to be a complete

course in wood turning. Nothing can replace the

knowledge gained by talking with experienced

woodturners or consulting books, articles, etc.

Above all, simple trial and error will aid in

developing proficiency in the craft.

Inspection

Before operating the lathe, check that everything

is in proper working order:

1. Level your machine; use the adjustable

levelers to help reduce vibration.

2. Check bearings; adjust only if endplay

exists.

3. Check belt; it should be snug but not overly

tight.

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4. Bed ways; keep clean, use steel wool to

remove any rust spots, and apply paste wax

to prevent buildup of rust and finishes.

5. Tool support; use a mill file to remove nicks

and dings.

6. Spindle tapers; should be clean and free of

dust and chips for proper seating of tapers.

7. Tailstock; clean and lubricate ram and

locking device.

Lighting; proper lighting is essential to eliminate

shadows and reduce eye strain.

Turning Tools

If possible, select only quality, high-speed steel

turning tools. High-speed steel tools hold an

edge and last longer than ordinary carbon steel.

As one becomes proficient in turning, a variety

of specialty tools for specific applications can be

acquired. The following tools provide the basics

for most woodturning projects (see Figure 28):

Skews – 1-1/2" and 1" or 1-1/4", used to make

finishing cuts and details.

Large Roughing Gouge – 1" to 1-1/4", used to

eliminate waste wood.

Spindle Gouges – 1/4", 3/8", 1/2", used to turn

beads, coves and other details.

Deep Fluted Bowl Gouge – 1/4", 3/8" and 1/2",

used for turning bowls & plates.

Square Scraper (Bedan) – 3/8” or 1/2", used to

create square shoulders.

Figure 28

Large Round Nose (Domed) Scraper – 1-1/2",

used to reduce ridges on interior of bowls, round

edges of bowls, etc.

Basic Turning Tools

Parting Tool - 1/8", used for scraping, making a

cut-off, or to set diameters for sizing.

For safety and best performance, keep tools

sharp. If a tool stops cutting or requires

excessive pressure to make a cut, it needs to be

sharpened.

number of brand name

sharpening jigs and fixtures are available;

however, a woodturner should learn to sharpen

tools freehand. For best results, use a slow

speed grinder (1800 rpm) fitted with a 60-grit

aluminum oxide wheel (for shaping) and a 100-

grit alum. oxide wheel (for final sharpening and

touchup). The grinder should be located near

your lathe and at a comfortable height. A

diamond dresser will keep the wheels true and

eliminate glazing.

Never allow the tool to rest in one place on the

wheel, keep it moving and use a light touch.

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Carbon steel tools can overheat easily and

should be cooled frequently. If the edge turns

blue, it has lost its temper and should be ground

past the blue area.

High-speed steel tools are not as likely to

overheat, but can be damaged if allowed to get

red hot. High-speed steel tools should not be

quenched for cooling. Honing with a diamond

lap or slipstone will save trips to the grinder and

keep the edge fresh.

Spindle Turning

Spindle turning takes place between the centers

of the lathe. It requires a spur or drive center in

the headstock and a live or dead center in the

tailstock. A cup center rather than a cone center

in the tailstock will often reduce the risk of

splitting the stock.

Figure 29 shows the basic profile shapes in

spindle turning.

Figure 29

Figure 30

Figure 31

Stock Selection

Stock for spindles should be straight grained

and free of checks, cracks, knots and other

defects. It should be cut 1/8" to 1/4" larger than

the finished diameter and may require additional

length so the ends can be removed later. Larger

stock should have the corners removed to

produce an octagon making the piece easier to

rough down to a cylinder.

1. With a combination square, or plastic center

finder for round stock, locate and mark

center on each end of the workpiece.

Accuracy is not critical on full rounds but

extremely important on stock where square

sections are to remain. Put a dimple in the

stock with an awl or nail, or use a spring-

loaded automatic center punch.

2. Extremely hard woods may require kerfs cut

into the ends of the stock (Figure 30) using

a band saw, so the wood will accept the

spur center and the live center.

3. Drive the spur center about 1/4” into the

workpiece, using a wood mallet or dead

blow hammer as shown in Figure 31. Be

careful that you do not split the workpiece.

Never use a steel face hammer and never

drive the workpiece onto the spur center

while it is mounted in the Lathe spindle.

4. Make sure the headstock is locked to the

Lathe bed.

5. Clean the tapered end of the spur center

and the inside of the headstock spindle.

6. Insert the tapered end of the spur center

(with the attached workpiece) into the

headstock spindle.

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7. Support the workpiece while bringing the

tailstock into position about 1” away from

the end of the workpiece. Lock the tailstock

to the bed.

8. Advance the tailstock spindle with the

handwheel in order to seat the live center

into the workpiece. Use enough pressure to

secure the workpiece between the centers

so that it won’t fly off, but do not use

excessive pressure.

9. Tighten the spindle locking handle.

The tailstock ram is capable

of exerting excessive pressure against the

workpiece and the headstock. Apply only

sufficient force with the tailstock to hold the

workpiece securely in place. Excessive

pressure can overheat center bearings and

damage both workpiece and Lathe.

10. Move tool support into position. It should be

parallel to the workpiece, just below the

centerline and approximately 1/8" to 1/4"

from the corners of the workpiece to be

turned, as in Figure 32. Tighten support

base to Lathe bed.

11. Rotate workpiece by hand to check for

proper clearance.

Figure 32

12. Start lathe at lowest speed and bring it up to

the appropriate RPM for the size of

workpiece used. Consult digital readout on

the headstock.

Cutting Techniques

Roughing Out

1. Begin with a large roughing gouge. Place

the tool on the tool support with the heel of

the tool on the surface to be cut.

2. Slowly and gently raise tool handle until

cutting edge comes into contact with the

workpiece.

3. Beginning about 2” from the tailstock end of

the workpiece, roll the flute (hollowed-out

portion) of the tool in the direction of the cut.

See Figure 33. Make long sweeping cuts in

a continuous motion to rough the piece

down to a cylinder.

Figure 33

4. Keep as much of the bevel of the tool as

possible in contact with the workpiece to

ensure control and avoid catches. NOTE:

Always cut down-hill, or from large diameter

to small diameter. Always work toward the

end of a work-piece, never start cutting at

the end.

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5. Once the workpiece is roughed down to a

cylinder, smooth it with a large skew. Keep

the skew handle perpendicular to the spindle

and use only the center third of the cutting

edge for a long smoothingcut (touching one

of the points of the skew to the spinning

workpiece may cause a catch and ruin the

workpiece).

2. Lightly mark the center of the "V" with the tip

of the skew.

3. Move the point of the skew to the right half

of the desired width of your cut.

4. With the bevel parallel to the right side of the

cut, raise the handle and push the tool in to

the desired depth, as shown in Figure 35.

6. Add details to the workpiece with skew,

parting tool, scraper or spindle gouge.

Beads

1. Make a parting cut for what is to be a bead

to the desired depth. Place the parting tool

on the tool support and move tool forward to

make the full bevel of the tool come in

contact with the workpiece. Gently raise

handle to make cut to the appropriate depth.

2. Repeat for other side of the bead.

3. Using a small skew or spindle gouge, start in

the center between the two cuts and cut

down each side to form the bead. Roll the

tool in direction of cut.

Figure 35

5. Repeat from the left side. The two cuts

should meet at the bottom and leave a clean

"V" cut.

Coves

1. Use a spindle gouge. With the flute of the

tool at 90 degrees to the workpiece, touch

the point of the tool to the workpiece and roll

in towards the bottom of the cove. See

Figure 34. Stop at the bottom; attempting

to go up the opposite side may cause the

tool to catch.

6. Additional cuts may be taken to add to

either the depth or width of the cut.

Parting Off

1. Use parting tool.

2. Adjust lathe speed to lower RPM for parting

through a workpiece.

3. Place tool on tool support and raise the

handle until it starts to cut and continue to

cut toward the center of the workpiece.

4. Loosely hold on to the piece in one hand as

it separates from the waste wood.

Sanding and Finishing

Leaving clean cuts will reduce the amount of

sanding required. Move the tool support out of

the way, adjust the lathe to a low speed, and

begin with fine sandpaper (120 grit or finer).

Coarser sandpaper will leave deep scratches

that are difficult to remove, and dull crisp details

on the spindle. Progress through each grit

without skipping grits (for example, do not jump

from 120 grit to 220 grit). Fold the sandpaper

into a pad; do not wrap sandpaper around your

fingers or the workpiece.

Figure 34

2. Move the tool over the desired width of the

cove.

3. With the flute facing the opposite direction,

repeat step 1 for other side of cove. Stop at

bottom of cut.

To apply a finish, the workpiece can be left on

the lathe. Turn off the lathe and use a brush or

paper towel to apply the finish. Remove excess

finish before restarting lathe. Allow to dry and

sand again with 320 or 400 grit sandpaper.

Apply second coat of finish and buff.

"V" Cuts

1. Use the long point of the skew. (NOTE: Do

not press the long point of the skew directly

into the workpiece to create the "V"; this will

result in a burned or burnished "V" with

fibers being rolled up at both sides.)

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6. Glue the block to the workpiece. Avoid using

brown paper or newspaper between the

block and workpiece. It may work fine if you

are using scrapers, but a slight catch with a

bowl gouge can separate the two.

Face Plate and Bowl Turning

Face plate turning is normally done on the

inboard side of the headstock over the bed.

Larger workpieces must be turned on the

outboard side (remove tailstock and tool support

base, and move headstock to opposite end of

bed). See Figure 9.

NOTE: When using a glue block, be careful with

the adhesive you select. Dry workpieces can be

bonded with ordinary white or yellow glue but

must be clamped to ensure a good bond. Green

workpieces require cyanoacrylate type glue.

Mounting Stock

Use of a face plate is the most common method

for holding a block of wood for turning bowls and

plates:

Faceplate or Chuck?

While faceplates are the simplest, most reliable

method of holding a block of wood for turning,

chucks can also be used. As there are dozens

of chucks to choose from, the woodturner should

first consider all the different types of turning that

will be done, and read reports or discuss with

other turners who own chucks before making a

decision.

1. Select stock at least 1/8" to 1/4" larger than

each dimension on the finished workpiece.

2. Always select the largest diameter face plate

that can be used for the workpiece to be

turned.

3. True one surface of the workpiece for

mounting against the face plate.

A chuck is not a requirement, but is handy when

working on more than one piece at a time.

Rather than removing screws, you simply open

the chuck and change workpieces.

4. Using the face plate as a template, mark the

location of the mounting holes on the

workpiece, and drill pilot holes of the

appropriate size. Face plates are drilled for

No. 12 screws. (Phillips and square drive

screws will hold up better than slotted

screws. Sheel metal screws are case

hardened with deeper and sharper threads

than wood screws.)

The most popular ones are four jaw scroll

chucks with a variety of jaws to accomodate

different size tenons. Most also come with a

screw chuck as well.

Wood Selection

If the mounting screws on the face plate

interfere with the workpiece, a glue or waste

block can be used:

Firewood is the cheapest, most widely available

stock to use while learning to turn bowls. Simply

waste wood for a while practicing turning

techniques. Develop skill with each tool before

attempting to make a finished piece. It is best to

start with dry wood, without worrying about

drying or distortion. Once turning becomes

comfortable, try green wood which cuts very

easily. As the turner gains experience, he or she

will find extraordinary grain and figure in the

form of burls, crotches and bark inclusions.

5. Make a block the same diameter as the face

plate, Figure 36. Both glue block and

workpiece should have flat surfaces for

gluing.

Checks and Cracks

Green wood will check and crack. For best

results, leave logs in as long a length as you can

handle. As the material starts to dry, surface

cracks will develop on the ends of the log. Cut

off two to three inches and you should find good,

sound wood. Also cut the log in half along the

pith to avoid having it in the finished piece. Most

checks radiate from the pith. As you turn bowls

from green wood, make sure you maintain a

consistent wall thickness throughout the piece.

Leaving a piece thick in some areas and thin in

others will cause the wood to dry unevenly and

promote checks and cracks.

Figure 36

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7. As the bowl takes shape, work on the

bottom (tailstock end) to accomodate

attaching a face plate.

Distortion

Distortion is a problem associated with turning

green wood. It will vary from one type of wood to

the next. Typically, fruitwoods tend to distort

more than others. It also varies with the time of

year the tree was cut and how the logs are

stored.

8. Turn a short tenon (about 1/8" long) the size

of the hole in the faceplate. See Figure 37.

This will allow centering the workpiece when

the faceplate is attached.

Tools for Bowl Turning

The deep fluted bowl gouge is the most

essential and versatile tool for most bowl and

plate turning. The bowl gouge is heavier and

easier to control than other types of gouges. It

also allows removal of wood much faster and

with less vibration than other gouges. Most

average sized bowl work can be accomplished

with a 3/8" or 1/2" bowl gouge. A 1/4" bowl

gouge is best suited for smaller bowls and light

finishing cuts. Larger 3/4" and 1" bowl gouges

are only used for extremely large pieces.

Figure 37

Large domed scrapers can also be used to help

clean up the interior surfaces of bowls. A light

touch with the scraper slightly tilted will eliminate

some of the ridges occasionally left by an

inexperienced bowl gouge.

9. (NOTE: If you plan to use a chuck, turn a

tenon of the appropriate length and diameter

to fit your chuck.)

10. Stop the lathe, remove workpiece and attach

face plate or chuck (see "Mounting Stock"

above).

Bowl Turning Techniques

To Shape Outside of Bowl

The surfaces of faceplate and

1. Odd shaped burls, crotches and other

irregular shaped blanks require special

preparation before mounting in a chuck or

onto a faceplate. Remove the bark, if there

is any, from what appears to be the center of

the top of the workpiece.

workpiece should mount flush to each other.

11. Finish turning the outside of bowl with 1/2"

or 3/8" bowl gouge. Leave additional

material at base of bowl for support while

turning interior. This will be removed later.

To Shape Interior of Bowl

2. Drive spur center into the top of the

workpiece with a mallet or dead blow

hammer.

1. Stop the lathe and move tailstock away.

(You may want to remove the center from

the tailstock to prevent bumping it with your

elbow.)

3. Slip the spur center into the headstock taper

and bring the tailstock with a live or ball

bearing center into position. Lock the

tailstock to the bed and advance the

tailstock spindle in order to seat the cup

center into the workpiece. Tighten the ram

locking handle.

2. Adjust tool support in front of the bowl just

below centerline, at a right angle to the lathe

ways.

3. Rotate workpiece by hand to check

clearance.

4. Turn workpiece by hand to ensure proper

clearance.

4. Face off top of bowl by making a light

shearing cut across the top of workpiece,

from rim to center.

5. Start lathe at lowest speed and bring it up to

the maximum safe speed for the size of

work to be turned (see page 30). If the

machine starts to vibrate, lower the speed

until vibration stops.

5. Place 1/2" bowl gouge on tool support at

center of the workpiece with the flute facing

top of bowl. The tool handle should be level

and pointed toward the four o'clock position,

as shown in Figure 38.

6. Rough out the outside of the bowl with the

1/2" deep fluted bowl gouge, holding the

handle of the tool firmly against your hip. For

best control, use your whole body to move

the gouge through the workpiece.

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pressure. Coarser sandpaper tends to leave

deep scratches that are hard to eliminate.

Use power-sanding techniques to avoid

concentric sanding marks around your

finished piece. Avoid rounding over the rim

and foot with sandpaper; try to keep details

crisp. Finish sanding with 220 grit.

3. Remove sanding dust with tack rags or

compressed air and, with lathe turned off,

apply first coat of finish. Let stand for several

minutes, wipe off excess. Allow to dry before

sanding again with 320 or 400 grit

sandpaper.

Figure 38

6. Use the left hand to control cutting edge of

gouge, while right hand swings tool handle

around toward your body (Figure 38). The

flute should start out facing top of workpiece,

and rotate upward as it moves deeper into

the bowl to maintain a clean even curve. As

the tool goes deeper into the bowl,

progressively work out toward the rim. It

may be necessary to turn the tool support

into the piece as you get deeper into the

bowl.

4. Turn lathe back on and continue the

separation cut almost all the way through

the base. Stop at about 3" and use a small

fine tooth saw to separate the bowl from the

waste.

5. Apply second finish coat and allow to dry

before buffing.

Maintenance

(NOTE: Try to make one, very light

continuous movement from the rim to the

bottom of the bowl to ensure a clean,

sweeping curve through the piece. Should

there be a few small ridges left, a light cut

with a large domed scraper can even out the

surface.)

Before doing maintenance on

the Lathe, disconnect it from the electrical

supply by pulling out the plug or switching

off the main switch. Failure to comply may

cause serious injury.

Maintenance on the 3520B Lathe should be

performed at periodic intervals to ensure that the

machine is in proper working order, that all

fasteners are tight, and all necessary

adjustments have been made. Inspection and

maintenance should be performed at least twice

a year, but more frequently if the Lathe receives

constant use.

7. Develop wall thickness at the rim and

maintain it as you work deeper into the bowl

(Once the piece is thin toward the bottom,

you cannot make it thinner at the rim). When

the interior is finished, move the tool support

to exterior to re-define bottom of bowl.

(General rule of thumb: the base should be

approximately 1/3 the overall diameter of the

bowl).

Clean and oil the lathe bed(s) so that headstock,

tailstock and tool support base will slide easily.

Clean any rust spots that may develop on the

bed with a commercial rust remover.

8. Work the tight area around faceplate or

chuck with 1/4" bowl gouge.

Use compressed air to blow out the interior of

the headstock, in order to keep sawdust and

chips from accumulating on belts and sheaves.

Also blow off debris that accumulates on the

inverter. Do not disassemble inverter to

clean!

9. Begin the separation with a parting tool, but

do not cut all the way through yet.

Sanding and Finishing

1. Remove the tool support and adjust lathe

speed to approximately 500 RPM. High

speed can build friction while sanding and

cause heat check in some woods.

Frequently clean out the morse tapers on both

headstock and tailstock. Commercially available

taper cleaners may be acquired from tool stores.

2. Begin with fine sandpaper (120 grit) and

progress through each grit, using only light

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Indexer Positions

How to use the chart

The indexer is shown as viewed from the

tailstock end of the Lathe. Points A, B, C and D

are the holes in the head casting. The holes in

the spindle collar may be considered as

numbered 1 through 12.

Example: You wish to rout 9 flutes on your

spindle blank. Locate the “9” in the “No. of

Flutes” column; each flute angle will be 40°. The

index pin should first be inserted into hole

combination “A-1”. Make your first flute at this

position. Back off the index pin and rotate the

spindle until the index pin can be inserted into

hole combination “A-5”; this will be followed by

“A-9”. Succeeding flutes will be made with the

index pin in the B position: “B-2”, “B-6” and so

on.

No. of Flutes

Angle

Letter

360° divided by...

360.00

180.00

120.00

90.00

72.00

60.00

45.00

40.00

36.00

30.00

24.00

22.50

20.00

18.00

15.00

12.00

10.00

1,7

1,5,9

1,4,7,10

-----------------------

1,3,5,7,9,11

1,4,7,10

1,5,9

2,5,8,11

2,6,10

4,8,12

-----------------------

1 to 12

-----------------------

1,3,5,7,9,11

-----------------------

1 to 12

-----------------------

2,4,6,8,10,12

1 to 12

other interesting patterns....

18 20.00

1,3,5,7,9,11

NOTE: A dashed line indicates that particular set of angles is not possible with the indexer.

Figure 39

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Troubleshooting

Trouble

Probable Cause

Remedy

Motor fails to develop Power line overloaded.

full power.

Correct overload condition.

Undersize wires in power supply

Increase supply wire size.

system.

Faulty inverter.

Worn motor.

Excessive cut.

Contact WMH Technical Service.

Replace motor.

Motor or spindle

Reduce depth of cut.

stalls or will not start.

Improper belt adjustment, or worn or

broken belt.

Adjust or replace belt as needed (see

pages 18-19).

Improper cooling of motor.

Blow out sawdust from motor housing

fan.

Worn spindle bearings.

Worn motor.

Replace bearings.

Replace motor.

Excessive vibration.

Workpiece warped, out of round, has

major flaw, or was improperly

prepared for turning.

Correct problem by planing or sawing

workpiece, or discard entirely and use

new workpiece.

Worn spindle bearings.

Worn drive belt.

Replace spindle bearings.

Replace drive belt. See pages 18-19.

Tighten lock handle (A, Figure 25).

Adjust levelers.

Motor mount lock handle is loose.

Lathe on uneven surface.

Potentiometer faulty.

Lathe runs at one

speed only.

Replace potentiometer.

Electronic AC inverter is not

programmed properly, or is defective,

or there is loose wiring.

Contact WMH Technical Service to

help identify problem; 800-274-6846.

Tools tend to grab or

dig in.

Dull tools.

Keep tools sharp (see page 21).

Tool support set too low.

Reposition tool support height. See

page 23.

Tool support set too far from

workpiece.

Reposition tool support closer to

workpiece (page 23).

Improper tool being used.

Use correct tool for operation.

Headstock moves

when applying

pressure with

Tailstock.

Excessive pressure being applied by

tailstock (more than 500 lbs. of force). apply pressure to workpiece with

tailstock. Apply only sufficient force

Slide headstock to the left end, then

with tailstock to hold workpiece

securely in place.

Tailstock moves

when applying

pressure.

Cam lock nut needs adjusting.

Tighten cam lock nut (Figure 15).

Lathe bed and tailstock mating

surfaces are greasy or oily.

Remove tailstock and clean surfaces

with a cleaner/degreaser. Re-apply

light coat of oil to Lathe bed surface.

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Recommended Lathe Speeds (per diameter of workpiece)

GENERAL CUTTING

DIAMETER OF WORK

ROUGHING RPM

FINISHING RPM

RPM

3000

1600

1080

810

Under 2"

2 to 4"

1520

760

510

380

300

255

220

190

175

3000

2480

1650

1240

1000

830

4 to 6"

6 to 8"

8 to 10"

10 to 12"

12 to 14"

14 to 16"

16" to 20"

20" to 24"

650

540

460

710

400

620

325

500

260

400

Replacement Parts

Replacement parts are listed on the following pages. To order parts or reach our service department, call

1-800-274-6848 between 7:30 a.m. and 6:00 p.m. (CST), Monday through Friday. Having the Model

Number and Serial Number of your machine available when you call will allow us to serve you quickly and

accurately.

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Headstock Assembly

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Parts List: Headstock Assembly

Index No. Part No.

Description

Size

Qty

1...............6294736.................. Faceplate........................................................... 3” ...............................1

2...............6295796.................. Nyloc Insert Socket Set Screw........................... 1/4-20x3/8” ................4

3...............6294725.................. Spur Center....................................................... MT2 ...........................1

4...............3520B-204 .............. Spindle.............................................................. ...................................1

5...............3520B-205 .............. Key.................................................................... 8x8x75........................1

6...............3520B-206 .............. Key.................................................................... 8x8x45........................1

7...............BB-6207ZZ.............. Bearing.............................................................. 6207ZZ.......................2

8...............3520B-208 .............. Bushing ............................................................. ...................................1

9...............3520B-209 .............. Cushion............................................................. ...................................1

10.............3520B-210 .............. Headstock ......................................................... ...................................1

11.............BB-6206VV ............ Bearing ............................................................. 6206VV ......................1

12.............6864006.................. Bearing Lock Washer......................................... ...................................1

13.............6549006.................. Bearing Nut ....................................................... ...................................1

14.............3271081.................. Handwheel ........................................................ ...................................1

15.............TS-0270011 ............ Socket Set Screw .............................................. 5/16-18x1/4” ...............6

16.............6143004.................. Collar Retaining................................................. ...................................2

17.............6644005.................. Plunger ............................................................. ...................................1

18.............3064711.................. Lathe Guard Bracket.......................................... ...................................1

19.............6294728.................. Safety Guard ..................................................... ...................................1

20.............JWL1642-164A ....... Inverter, VFD015S21A....................................... 2HP, 220V..................1

21.............6710015.................. Socket Head Cap Screw.................................... #10-24x1/2” ..............10

22.............JWL1642-170.......... Signal Cord........................................................ ...................................1

23.............3520B-223 .............. Headstock Clamping Shaft................................. ...................................1

24.............TS-0640091 ............ Nylon Lock Hex Nut........................................... 3/8”-16........................1

25.............6095038.................. Bushing ............................................................. ...................................1

26.............6430045.................. Knob.................................................................. ...................................2

27.............3268219.................. Handle, Headstock ............................................ ...................................1

28.............3719189.................. Motor Sheave.................................................... ...................................1

29.............2595036.................. Motor Assembly Plate........................................ ...................................1

30.............TS-0720091 ............ Lock Washer...................................................... 3/8..............................3

31.............TS-0209061 ............ Socket Head Cap Screw.................................... 3/8-16x1-1/4”..............3

32.............3520B-232 .............. Motor................................................................. 2HP, 220V, 60Hz........1

33.............JWL1642-166.......... Bracket.............................................................. ...................................1

35.............TS-0680042 ............ Flat Washer....................................................... 3/8..............................2

36.............6350031.................. Motor Plate Locking Handle............................... ...................................1

37.............JWL1642-130A ....... Digital Readout.................................................. ...................................1

38.............3520B-238 .............. Plate.................................................................. ...................................1

39.............3520B-239 .............. DRO Cover........................................................ ...................................1

40.............JWL1642-127.......... Tap Screw......................................................... M3x10 ........................4

41.............TS-0253031 ............ Socket Head Button Screw ................................ #10-24x1/2” ................4

42.............JWL1642-134.......... Tap Screw......................................................... 1/4”x1/2”.....................2

43.............TS-1540011 ............ Nut .................................................................... M3..............................2

44.............TS-2361031 ............ Lock Washer...................................................... M3..............................2

45.............JWL1642-135.......... Bracket.............................................................. ...................................1

46.............6295717.................. Knob.................................................................. ...................................1

47.............3520B-247 .............. Door Panel ........................................................ ...................................1

48.............3520B-248 .............. Speed Label ...................................................... ...................................1

49.............6708019.................. Socket Head Cap Screw.................................... #8-32x5/8”..................2

50.............6365012.................. Door Hinge ........................................................ ...................................1

51.............6295911.................. Pad.................................................................... ...................................1

52.............6860704.................. Flat Washer....................................................... #8...............................2

53.............6508007.................. Nut .................................................................... #8-32..........................2

54.............3520B-254 .............. Control Panel..................................................... ...................................1

55.............6295839.................. Push/Pull Switch................................................ ...................................1

56.............6821492.................. Switch Fwd/Rev................................................. ...................................1

57.............6295915.................. Control Pot Assembly ........................................ ...................................1

58.............6813062.................. Spring................................................................ ...................................1

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59.............3601006.................. Spindle Lock Plunger......................................... ...................................1

60.............3520B-260 .............. Control Label ..................................................... ...................................1

61.............6294786.................. Spindle Lock Bracket ......................................... ...................................1

62.............6077228.................. Micro V-Belt....................................................... 260J ...........................1

63.............3719188.................. Spindle Sheave ................................................. ...................................1

64.............3520B-264 .............. Locking Collar.................................................... ...................................1

65.............3058001.................. Clamp Bolt......................................................... ...................................1

66.............3092095.................. Clamp................................................................ ...................................1

67.............6520009.................. Nylon Lock Hex Nut........................................... 5/8”-11........................1

68.............6294787.................. Power Cord ....................................................... ...................................1

69.............6294790.................. Motor Cord ........................................................ ...................................1

70.............JWL1642-165.......... Strain Relief....................................................... ...................................3

71.............3520B-271 .............. Index Pin ........................................................... .....................................

72.............6294744.................. Face Plate Wrench ............................................ ...................................1

73.............3520B-273 .............. Set Screw.......................................................... #10-24x1” ...................1

74.............6716139.................. Flat Head Socket Screw..................................... 3/8-16×1”....................4

75.............3520B-275 .............. Spindle Comparator Spur Center....................... ...................................1

76.............JWL1642-183.......... Cable Clamp...................................................... ...................................2

77.............TS-0560071 ............ Hex Nut ............................................................. #10-24........................2

78.............TS-081C082............ Phillips Pan Head Machine Screw ..................... #10-24x1-1/2” .............2

79.............TS-069204 .............. Washer.............................................................. #10.............................2

80.............JML1642-169 .......... Braking Resistor ................................................ ...................................1

81.............6430047.................. Knob.................................................................. ...................................1

82.............3520B-282 .............. Bracket.............................................................. ...................................1

83.............6295838.................. Phillips Round Head Machine Screw.................. M3x20 ........................2

84.............TS-1490021 ............ Hex Cap Screw.................................................. M8x16 ........................1

85.............TS-0267021 ............ Socket Set Screw .............................................. 1/4-20x1/4”.................2

.................6294754.................. Knockout Rod Assembly (includes index # 86 thru 92) ...........................1

86.............TS-0270031 ............ Socket Set Screw .............................................. 5/16-18x3/8” ...............1

87.............3520B-287 .............. Slide Hammer.................................................... ...................................1

88.............3520B-288 .............. Slide Handle...................................................... ...................................1

89.............6295796.................. Nyloc Insert Socket Set Screw........................... 1/4-20x3/8 ..................2

90.............3520B-290 .............. Rod ................................................................... ...................................1

91.............3520B-291 .............. Retaining Collar................................................. ...................................1

92.............3520B-292 .............. Brass Tip........................................................... ...................................1

93.............3520B-293 .............. Inverter Label..................................................... ...................................2

94.............3520B-294 .............. Warning Label ................................................... ...................................1

95.............3520B-295 .............. Cord Snap Ring................................................. ...................................1

96.............3520B-296 .............. Phillips Pan Head Machine Screw...................... M3-0.5Px10................3

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Stand and Bed Assembly

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Parts List: Stand and Bed Assembly

Index No. Part No.

Description

Size

Qty

1...............3520B-101 .............. Bed.................................................................... ...................................1

2...............3520B-102 .............. Leg.................................................................... ...................................2

3...............6295754.................. Stop Bolt............................................................ ...................................2

.................6294797.................. Tool Rest Support Assembly (includes index #4 thru #12)......................1

4...............3520B-104 .............. Tool Rest Support Base..................................... ...................................1

5...............3520B-105 .............. End Cover ......................................................... ...................................1

6...............3520B-106 .............. C-Ring............................................................... S-22 ...........................1

7...............6710015.................. Socket Head Cap Screw.................................... #10-24x1/2” ................4

8...............3520B-108 .............. Tool Support Rod............................................... ...................................1

9...............6294763.................. Locking Handle.................................................. ...................................2

10.............3520B-110 .............. Bolt.................................................................... ...................................1

11.............6294770.................. Clamp................................................................ ...................................1

12.............TS-0650081 ............ Nylon Lock Hex Nut........................................... 3/4”-10........................1

13.............6294742.................. Tool Support...................................................... 14”..............................1

.................6295902.................. Live Center Assembly (includes index #14 thru #17) ..............................1

14.............6295905.................. Live Center Cone............................................... ...................................1

15.............6295904.................. Live Center Tip .................................................. ...................................1

16.............6295903.................. Live Center Body ............................................... ...................................1

17.............6295906.................. Live Center Rod................................................. ...................................1

18.............3520B-118 .............. Quill................................................................... ...................................1

19.............6295909.................. Lead Screw ....................................................... ...................................1

20.............TS-0560071 ............ Hex Nut ............................................................. #10-24........................1

21.............3520B-121 .............. Set Screw.......................................................... #10-24x3/4” ................1

22.............6295910.................. Lock Handle ...................................................... ...................................1

23.............3728005.................. Quill Lock Sleeve............................................... ...................................1

24.............3520B-124 .............. Tailstock............................................................ ...................................1

25.............3520B-125 .............. Tailstock Handwheel.......................................... ...................................1

26.............3520B-126 .............. Tailstock Handle................................................ ...................................1

27.............6430045.................. Knob.................................................................. ...................................1

28.............3268217.................. Handle............................................................... ...................................1

29.............3092095.................. Clamp................................................................ ...................................1

30.............6095038.................. Bushing ............................................................. ...................................1

31.............3708012.................. Tailstock Clamping Shaft ................................... ...................................1

32.............TS-0640091 ............ Nylon Lock Hex Nut........................................... 3/8”-16........................1

33.............TS-1490021 ............ Hex Cap Screw.................................................. M8x16 ........................1

34.............3520B-134 .............. Cover Plate........................................................ ...................................1

35.............6295717.................. Lock Knob ......................................................... ...................................1

36.............TS-081C022............ Phillips Pan Head Machine Screw...................... #10-24x3/8” ................2

37.............TS-0270011 ............ Socket Set Screw .............................................. 5/16x1/4” ....................2

38.............3096003.................. Collar................................................................. ...................................1

39.............6760102.................. Set Screw.......................................................... #10-32x1” ...................1

40.............6294774.................. Powermatic Nameplate ..................................... ...................................1

41.............3058001.................. Bolt.................................................................... ...................................1

42.............6294773.................. Warning Label ................................................... ...................................1

43.............3520B-143 .............. Shelf.................................................................. ...................................1

44.............TS-0720091 ............ Lock Washer...................................................... 3/8”...........................12

45.............TS-0209061 ............ Socket Head Cap Screw.................................... 3/8x1-1/4”.................12

46.............TS-0570031 ............ Hex Nut ............................................................. 3/8”-16........................4

47.............6442000.................. Adjustable Leveler............................................. ...................................4

49.............3520B-149 .............. I.D Label............................................................ ...................................1

50.............3520B-150 .............. Comparator Rear Bracket .................................. ...................................1

51.............3520B-151 .............. Comparator Rear Center.................................... ...................................1

52.............6520009.................. Nylon Lock Hex Nut........................................... 5/8”-11........................1

53.............TS-0680042 ............ Flat Washer....................................................... 3/8”...........................10

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Optional Accessories: Bed Extensions

Index No. Part No.

Description

Size

Qty

.................6294727B ............... 18” Bed Extension Assembly (includes items 1 thru 6)

1...............3520B-310 .............. Extension Post................................................... ...................................1

2...............6294763.................. Locking Handle.................................................. ...................................1

3...............3520B-311 .............. 18” Bed Extension ............................................. ...................................1

4...............TS-0680042 ............ Flat Washer....................................................... 3/8”.............................3

5...............TS-0720091 ............ Lock Washer...................................................... 3/8”.............................3

6...............TS-0209081 ............ Socket Head Cap Screw.................................... 3/8-16x1-3/4”..............3

.................6294726B ............... 50” Bed Extension Assembly (includes items 7 thru 15)

7...............3520B-101 .............. 50” Bed.............................................................. ...................................1

8...............3520B-102 .............. Leg.................................................................... ...................................1

9...............TS-0570031 ............ Hex Nut ............................................................. 3/8-16x1”....................2

10.............6442000.................. Leveler .............................................................. ...................................2

11.............TS-0720091 ............ Lock Washer...................................................... 3/8”.............................4

12.............TS-0209061 ............ Socket Head Cap Screw.................................... 3/8”x1-1/4”..................4

13.............TS-0680042 ............ Flat Washer....................................................... 3/8”.............................3

14.............TS-0720091 ............ Lock Washer...................................................... 3/8”.............................3

15.............TS-0209081 ............ Socket Head Cap Screw.................................... 3/8-16x1-3/4”..............3

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Optional Accessories: Outboard Turning Stand

Index No. Part No.

Description

Size

Qty.

.................6294732.................. Heavy Duty Outboard Turning Stand Assembly (items 1 thru 7) ...............

1...............3042503.................. Turning Stand Base............................... ...............................................1

2...............6295897.................. Offset Tool Support Pin..........................1.00” diameter.........................1

3...............6295898.................. Offset Tool Support Casting...................1.00” hole................................1

4...............2695026.................. Screw Lock Assembly............................ ...............................................3

5...............3423055.................. Turning Stand Leg ................................. ...............................................1

6...............6861700.................. Lock Washer..........................................5/8” .........................................2

7...............6769002.................. Socket Head Cap Screw........................5/8”-18 x 2”..............................2

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Optional Accessories: Adapters, Face Plates, and Tool Supports

Index No. Part No.

Description

Size

Qty.

1...............6294734.................. Spindle Adapter.....................................1-1/4”-8 to 1-1/2”-8....................

2...............6294735.................. Spindle Extension..................................2” ..............................................

3...............6294745.................. Ball Bearing Tailstock Center (not shown)................................................

4...............6294736.................. 3” Face Plate.........................................1-1/4-8 ......................................

5...............6294737.................. 4” Face Plate.........................................1-1/4-8 ......................................

6...............6294738.................. 7” Face Plate.........................................1-1/4-8 ......................................

7...............6294733.................. Remote ON/OFF Switch ........................ .................................................

.................6294730.................. 12” Metal Spinning Tool Support Assembly (includes items 8, 9) ........

8............... ............................... 12” Metal Spinning Tool Support............ ...............................................1

9...............3585011.................. Tool Support Pin....................................5/8x.495x3.50 .........................2

.................6294731.................. 26” Tool Support Assembly (includes items 10, 11, 12).........................

10............. ............................... 26” Tool Support.................................... ...............................................1

11.............6294795.................. Tool Support Post.................................. ...............................................2

12.............6716219.................. Socket Head Cap Screw........................3/8-16x6-1/4............................2

13.............6294740.................. Bowl Turning Tool Support (R.H.) .......... .................................................

14.............6294751.................. Bowl Turning Tool Support (L.H.)........... .................................................

15.............6294741.................. 16” Tool Support.................................... .................................................

16.............6294739.................. 6” Tool Support...................................... .................................................

.................6294742.................. 14” Tool Support.................................... .................................................

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Optional Accessories: Dust Port Assembly

Index No. Part No.

Description

Size

Qty

.................6294796.................. Dust Port Assembly (includes index #1 thru 12)

1...............3520B-401 .............. Lower Dust Hood............................................... ...................................1

2...............3520B-402 .............. Upper Dust Hood............................................... ...................................1

3...............3520B-403 .............. Hood Lock Knob (Female) ................................. ...................................1

4...............3520B-404 .............. Lock Washer, External Tooth............................. M7..............................2

5...............3520B-405 .............. Hood Support Collar .......................................... ...................................1

6...............3520B-406 .............. Hood Lock Knob ................................................ ...................................3

7...............3520B-407 .............. Support Rod ...................................................... ...................................1

8...............3520B-408 .............. Rod Holder ........................................................ ...................................1

9...............TS-1482021 ............ Hex Cap Screw.................................................. M6x12 ........................4

10.............TS-2361061 ............ Lock Washer...................................................... M6..............................4

11.............3520B-411 .............. Support Bracket................................................. ...................................1

12.............3520B-412 .............. Lock Handle ...................................................... ...................................2

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Electrical Connections

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Electrical: Remote ON/OFF Switch (Optional Accessory)

NOTE: The Lathe can only operate when both the headstock and remote switches are in the “ON”

position.

To mount the remote switch to your Lathe, proceed as follows.

1. Disconnect all electrical power to the Lathe.

2. Remove the two screws from the control panel. Do NOT disconnect control panel from wiring

harness.

3. Run the remote switch’s wiring harness through the opening in the back of the headstock and out

through the front of the headstock.

4. Connect the remote switch’s wiring harness to the back of the Push/Pull switch (refer to the electrical

schematic on page 40).

5. Reinstall the control panel to the headstock. From the back of the headstock, lightly pull out any

excess wire that may be inside the headstock.

6. The magnetic back on the remote switch will allow the switch to be placed anywhere on the Lathe.

7. Connect electrical power to the Lathe and resume operations.

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NOTES

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WMH Tool Group

2420 Vantage Drive

Elgin, Illinois 60124

Phone: 800-274-6848

www.wmhtoolgroup.com

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