Nokia Network Router M1122 User Manual

Nokia M1122  
ADSL Routerā  
T66280  
USER MANUAL  
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M1122 User Manual  
2 Installing M1122  
Before you install M1122 you may want to familiarise yourself with  
the interfaces and indicator lights of M1122. From section 2.3 you will  
find a step-by-step installation procedure, which shows the physical  
installation of M1122.  
2.1 Interfaces  
M1122 has one ADSL line interface and four LAN interfaces  
(10Base-T Ethernet). It also has a local management interface (CLI)  
formanagementpurposes. TheADSLlineinterfaceiscompatiblewith  
ITU-T G.992.1 specification.  
Power switch  
Mains connector  
Command line interface (CLI)  
ADSL line (DSL)  
Ethernet ports  
(ETH-1, ETH-2,  
ETH-3, ETH-4)  
Figure 2  
M1122 back panel  
2.2 Indicator lights  
M1122 has eight indicator lights on the front panel: PWR, STA, COL,  
ETH-1, ETH-2, ETH-3, ETH-4, and DSL. STA indicator is red. Other  
indicators are green.  
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Figure 3  
M1122 front panel indicators  
DSL  
GREEN  
Off  
ADSL link is down.  
Blinks ADSL connection is being established.  
On  
ADSL link is up.  
ETH-  
GREEN  
Off  
On  
Ethernet is down.  
10Base-T Ethernet is functional  
Blinks Receives traffic from Ethernet.  
COL  
GREEN  
Blinks Collisions on the Ethernet. Note, that it is normal that some  
collisions occur on the Ethernet.  
STA  
RED  
Off  
On  
OK  
Hardware malfunction during startup.  
PWR  
GREEN  
Off  
On  
Power off.  
Power on.  
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2.3 Step-by-step installation procedure  
splitter  
Figure 4  
M1122 with cables and splitter (T66270) connected  
(Telephone and ADSL services)  
1. Plug the mains power cord to a mains outlet.  
2. Switch on M1122. The PWR indicator lights up. After a while, the  
red STA indicator blinks and then remains unlit. M1122 is now  
functional.  
3. Connect the Ethernet cable between your PC’s 10Base-T  
connector and the Ethernet connector on the M1122 back panel  
(ETH-1, ETH-2, ETH-3, or ETH-4).  
4. Switch on your PC. The indicator corresponding the Ethernet port  
you connected your PC to becomes green when your PC has  
started. This indicator blinks when there is traffic in the  
corresponding Ethernet port.  
5. Connect the ADSL line cable between the DSL connector on the  
M1122 back panel and ADSL line wall socket. If you want to use  
ADSL and telephone services simultaneously, connect the splitter  
according to Figure 4. After a while, the DSL indicator starts  
blinking. This indicates that the ADSL line is being established.  
When the DSL indicator remains lit, the line is functional.  
6. During normal operation PWR and DSL indicators are lit and the  
Ethernet indicators of the active Ethernet ports blink or are lit  
dependingwhether there is traffic or not. COLindicatormayblink  
occasionally during normal operation.  
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Now, your M1122 has been connected and you can check the  
connections according to your service providers instructions.  
3 Configuring M1122  
Your service provider has configured your M1122 for the service. Do  
not change settings unless specifically asked by your service  
provider. You can change M1122 settings with an ordinary web  
browser such as Microsoft Internet Explorer or Netscape Navigator.  
Use a PC connected to an ETH port of M1122forconfiguration. Inthis  
case the corresponding ETH indicator should be lit.  
3.1 Browser management  
You can use your PCs web browser software to access the web  
configuration pages in M1122. To access the web pages you must  
know the IP address of your M1122 or, alternatively, the namethat  
your M1122 recognises.  
Note  
Before using your web browser for configuration, you must know the  
IP address or the name assigned to your M1122.  
There are three ways to find out whether to use a name or an IP  
address:  
D Your service provider has given you an IP address for M1122.  
D Your M1122 uses Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)  
and Domain Name Server. In this case the name is M1122.  
D Your M1122 uses DHCP. In this case run winipcfg.exe (Windows  
95)oripconfig.exe(WindowsNT).TheIPaddressofM1122isthe  
Default Gateway address shown by the ipconfig program.  
3.1.1 Opening a connection  
To open a connection to the Nokia M1122:  
1. Start your web browser.  
2. Enter the name (M1122) or IP address of your Nokia M1122 in  
the browsers Location or Address field and press Enter.  
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3. Type in the username/password as requested. If no  
username/password is required, just click OK to proceed. The  
Nokia M1122 Main Page appears.  
3.1.2 Main Page  
Main Page is shown first when you use a web browser to connect to  
M1122. The list on the left shows the current page highlighted.  
Clicking an item on the list (Service Providers, Local Network,  
Statistics, Restart, and Save Config) takes you to the corresponding  
page.  
Note  
When you make modifications to the configuration, remember to save  
the configuration and restart your M1122 for your changes to take  
effect.  
Figure 5  
Main Page  
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TheMainPageshowsyouthestatusesoftheDSLlineandtheEthernet  
interfaces. Software and hardware versions and the serial number of  
M1122 are shown in the bottom of the page.  
3.1.3 Service Providers pages  
The Service Providers page can be used to set authentication for ATM  
VCCs with PPP encapsulation (Figure 6). You can set the  
Authentication method and the corresponding Username and  
Password. You can also view Network connection information in the  
bottom of the page. If you are using PPTP encapsulation, you can  
change the name of the connection through the Service Providers page  
(Figure 7).  
Figure 6  
Service Providers page with PPP configuration  
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Figure 7  
Service Providers page with PPTP configuration  
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3.1.4 Local Network pages  
TheLocal Network page as four sub pages: Localports, DHCP, NAPT,  
and Routing.  
Local ports  
On the Local Network Local Ports sub page you can assign an IP  
address to the Ethernet ports.  
Note  
When you click Apply, the IP addresses are changed immediately. If  
the IP address of the interface you are using changes the connection  
will be lost. You have to reconfigure the IP address of the accessing  
host. For example, in Windows programs winipcfg.exe or  
ipconfig.exe must be used first to release the old address and then to  
renew to request new address.  
Figure 8  
DHCP  
Local Network Local Ports page  
On the Local Network DHCP subpage you can enable/disable  
Dynamic Host Control Protocol and set the Address ranges from  
which the addresses are distributed to the DHCP clients on your  
network. You can also set the Domain Name Server addresses here.  
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Start address is the first address in the address range. The Range size  
defines how many addresses the range contains. Subnet mask is the  
subnet mask of the addresses in the range. Primary and Secondary  
DNSs set the domain name servers for the corresponding address  
range. Lease time defines how often the DHCP client must renew its  
lease. Domain name defines the domain name for the range.  
The DHCP server can be enabled towards LAN and VBRIDGE  
(gatewayinterface)ports. WhentheDHCPserverisenabled,uptotwo  
scopes (address ranges) are automatically generated and bound to  
LAN/VBRIDGE interfaces, in this order if the interface has an IP  
address. Two separate address ranges can be used if more than 253  
addresses are required on the local subnet, if two non-contiguous  
ranges are needed or if an additional router with a DHCP relay is used  
on the local network. In Figure 9, scope (a) is has been bound to  
Ethernet interface and scope (b) to VBRIDGE interface. When the  
address ranges are not defined, M1122 uses the default values for all  
DHCP parameters. The default values are:  
D Start address is the interface IP address  
D Subnet mask 255.255.255.0  
D Range size of up to 253 addresses starting from the interface IP  
address.  
D DNS address is the interface IP address  
D Lease time is 60 minutes  
D Domain name is null string  
If at least one address range has been defined, then IP address, DNS,  
domain name and lease time, if defined, override the default values.  
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Figure 9  
Local Network DHCP page  
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NAPT  
If Network Address Port Translation (NAPT) has been activated,  
servers on your local network are not visible outside your network. On  
NAPT page, you can configure pinholes through which you can  
provide outside access to your web server from the Internet, for  
example.  
In the example shown in Figure 10, a pinhole has been added on the  
Server list. This example means that all TCP traffic coming from the  
Internet through VCC1 to ports 80...89 will be mapped to the IP  
address 192.168.1.15 ports 90...99 on your local network.  
Figure 10  
Local Network NAPT page  
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Routing page  
On the Local Network Routing sub page you can set static routes and  
enable/disable dynamic routing protocols (Routing Information  
Protocol version 1 and 2).  
To enable dynamic routing to a particular interface select the Routing  
protocol version from the pull-down list and click the Apply button.  
RIPversions1and2aresupported. Sendv1-compat. v2 option enables  
the sending of RIPv2 packets using broadcast. Receive v1-compat. v2  
option enables the receiving of both RIPv1 and RIPv2 packets.  
To add a static route, type in the Destination network IP address, the  
Subnet mask of the destination network, and the Gateway and the  
Interface through which the destination network can be reached. Then  
click the Add new button. There are two static routes in Figure 11.  
Figure 11  
Local Network Routing page  
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3.1.5 Statistics page  
The Statistics page lets you view a selection of M1122 statistics. to  
view statistics of a particular function, click the corresponding button  
and the statistics view is opened on a separate window.  
Figure 12  
Statistics page  
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3.1.6 Restart page  
On the Restart page, you can reset subsystems and restart M1122.  
Figure 13  
Restart page  
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3.1.7 Save Config page  
When you change the configuration, all configuration changes are  
activated immediately without restart/reload. However, the  
configurationwill not be saved into the nonvolatile memory. If M1122  
is restarted or powered down without saving the configuration, the old  
configuration will be restored. Clicking the Save configuration button  
saves the configuration into the nonvolatile memory and the old  
configuration cannot be restored through the web interface.  
Figure 14  
Save Config page  
4 Features  
M1122 can operate as a bridge and/or Internet Protocol (IP) router  
between Ethernet and the virtual channels of ADSL/ATM interfaces  
supporting both dynamic and static routing.  
4.1 Interfaces  
M1122 has the following interfaces:  
D Four Ethernet interfaces (LAN)  
D 8 ATM VCC interfaces  
D ATM VCC management interface  
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D Gateway/bridge management interface. This interface is used as a  
bridge host interface or gateway interface depending on the  
operation mode. In this manual it is called VBRIDGE. On the  
M1122 web pages, the interface is called gateway or bridge IP  
interface.  
M1122 can operate in four different main modes:  
D Bridging only  
D Routing/tunneling IP only  
D Routing/tunneling IP, bridging all but IP  
D Routing/tunneling IP and bridging all, including IP  
The mode in which M1122 operates depends on the configuration of  
the units interfaces.  
LAN interface  
LANinterfacecanbeconfiguredtobridgeandroutepackets.Thereare  
three different operational modes in the LAN interface:  
D Bridging only; only bridging is activated in the interface. In this  
case the interface bridges all protocols.  
D Routingonly; only IP address is configured in the interface. In this  
case, the interface routes IP packets.  
D Bridging and routing; Bridging is activated in the interface and IP  
address is configured in the interface. In this case, the interface  
routes IP packets and bridges all other packets.  
Internal host/gateway interface  
There is a special host/gateway logical IP interface within M1122  
called VBRIDGE. This interface has a specific purpose in M1122. In  
applications where some ATM virtual channel connections are used  
for bridging IP traffic and some other ATM virtual channel  
connections are used for routing IP traffic, the VBRIDGE interface  
mustbe used instead of LAN IP addresses. Alternatively, this interface  
is used in bridge only application when the IP address is required for  
remote management purposes.  
Data VCC operation  
M1122 supports the following encapsulations in each ATM data  
virtual channel individually:  
D RFC2684 LLC encapsulation for bridged IP (ETH-LLC)  
D RFC2684 LLC encapsulation for routed IP (IP-LLC)  
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D RFC2364 Virtual circuit multiplexed PPP over AAL5 (PPP-VC)  
D RFC2364 Virtual circuit multiplexed PPP over AAL5 used to  
tunnel LAN/VBRIDGE PPTP packets  
(TUNNELED-PPP-VC)  
If an IP address is given to a virtual channel interface and bridging is  
enabled at that interface, then IP data at that interface is routed and all  
otherprotocols are bridged. The only encapsulation which allows both  
bridging and routing simultaneously is ETH-LLC. For example, it is  
possible to route ETH-LLC encapsulated packets and at the same time  
bridge, for example, PPPoE packets (PPPoE packets are transported  
directly over Ethernet frame, not within IP packets).  
4.2 Routing  
Routing is based on routing entries in a routing table. Static routes are  
addedviathemanagementinterfaceanddynamicroutingisdoneusing  
RIP and RIPv2. Routing is done between the Ethernet 10Base-T  
interfaceandthevirtualchannelconnection(VCC)oftheATM/ADSL  
interface. M1122 supports up to 8 simultaneous VCCs.  
M1122 supports IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol) proxy  
receive function for IP multicast applications.  
4.3 Bridging  
Bridging is supported to provide full protocol transparency. Bridging  
can be used simultaneously with IP routing. M1122 works as a  
self-learning bridge supporting up to 1024 MAC addresses. Bridging  
is done between the Ethernet 10Base-T interface and each ATM VCC  
interface. Optionally, the bridging between the VCCs can be disabled.  
4.4 Network Address Port Translation  
M1122 supports Network Address Port Translation (NAPT) for  
TCP/IP, UDP/IPandICMP/IPprotocols. WhenNAPTisused, asingle  
IP address is allocated to a VCC which leads to the public IP network.  
The Ethernet subnet has private IP addressing and is not visible to the  
VCC. NAPT translates the IP source address and source port number  
dynamically to the VCC IP address and port number. Similarly,  
packets coming from the VCC are mapped back to the original  
destination addresses. NAPT allows up to hundreds of hosts to share a  
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singleVCCIPaddresstothepublicnetwork. TheprincipleofNetwork  
Address Port Translation is presented in Figure 15.  
Home network (LAN)  
Internet (WAN)  
src:192.168.1.112:1228  
dst:194.112.11.111:80  
src:195.112.12.161:50001  
dst:194.112.11.111:80  
NAPT router  
src:194.112.11.111:80  
dst:192.168.1.112:1228  
src:194.112.11.111:80  
dst:195.112.12.161:50001  
Figure 15  
Principle of Network Address Port Translation  
NAPT may restrict the operation of some IP applications. NAPT also  
operates as a simple IP firewall because translation is only allowed  
when the first packet is transmitted from the LAN. This means that the  
NAPT table entry is created only when a packet is sent from the home  
network to the Internet. With server support capability, the user can  
add static entries to the NAPT table allowing the translation always in  
both directions. This capability is used to add servers (HTTP, NNTP,  
and FTP), which are visible to the public IP network via the VCC, on  
the LAN subnet.  
NAPT supports most IP-based protocols. Because NAPT operates on  
the IP and transport layer, the application that includes IP address and  
portwithinthepayloadwillnotworkproperlythroughNAPT. In many  
cases, these applications can be passed through the NAPT using  
ApplicationLayer Gateway functionality (ALG). M1122 has ALG for  
the following protocols/applications:  
D ICMP  
D FTP  
D H.323 including NetMeeting  
D CUSeeMe  
D PPTP  
D IRC  
D IPSEC ESP tunnel mode and IKE  
Note, that most IPSEC implementations will fail when passed through  
NAPT. A typical reason is that the identification may fail if the  
identification is based on IP address. Also, only tunnel mode without  
Authentication Header (AH) works.  
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4.5 Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol  
M1122 can act as a Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)  
server for the PCs on the end-user home network. In this mode, M1122  
can assign up to 253+253 consecutive addresses from two separate  
address ranges (that is, 253 consecutive addresses per address range)  
to the PCs on the home network. Two separate address ranges can be  
used if more than 253 addresses are required on the local subnet, if two  
non-contiguous address ranges are needed or if an additional router  
with DHCP relay is used on the local subnet.. M1122 can also act as a  
DHCP relay agent and relay the DHCP requests to an external DHCP  
server.  
4.6 ATM and ADSL  
M1122 supports up to 8 simultaneous VCCs and supports UBR  
(Unspecified bit rate) traffic shaping on all VCCs. The maximum  
transmit rate on each VCC is the ADSL upstream capacity. If more  
than one VCC is transmitting simultaneously, the ADSL upstream  
capacityistemporarilysharedbetweentheseVCCs. WhenoneVCCis  
idle, the bandwidth is used by another VCC.  
The ADSL transmission is based on the DMT line code. M1122  
provides a DMT line rate up to 8 Mbit/s downstream and up to 800  
kbit/s upstream. The DMT transceiver is rate adaptive and capable of  
providing faster rates over short distances or slower rates over long  
distances. The transceiver adapts itself to the line conditions. M1122  
supports also ADSL Lite. In the ADSL Lite mode, the maximum line  
rates are 1536 kbit/s downstream and 512 kbit/s upstream.  
M1122 supports both G.992.1 and G.992.2 ADSL recommendations  
defined by ITU-T.  
Rate adaptation is done in steps of 32 kbit/s. The ADSL interface of  
M1122 functions completely automatically and all configuration  
related to the ADSL connection is done at the access multiplexer in the  
operators premises. The network operator can set the data rates as a  
part of the network management functionality provided by Nokia  
DSLAM.  
4.7 Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP)  
When PPTP local tunneling is used, a local network client initialises a  
PPTP-tunneled PPP connection (VPN) to Nokia M1122. The modem  
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terminates the tunnel and all data from that terminated local PPTP  
tunnel will be forwarded to an assigned ATM VCC by using PPP over  
AAL5 encapsulation. Thus, each local PPTP tunnel requires an  
equivalent ATM VCC assigned to it restricting the total number of  
local PPTP hosts to 8.  
Local tunneling is used when there is a need to have one or more  
computers connected independently to different networks. For  
example, in remote work application, the rest of the family may be  
usingthecommonISPservicesandoneortwofamilymembersneedto  
gain access to their corporate networks. With local tunneling, these  
remote workers may be connected to a different network than the rest  
of the users.  
Local tunneling is activated using the PPTP client running, for  
example, in Windows The destination IP address must be M1122  
LAN/VBRIDGE IP address depending on the configuration. PPP  
packets within PPTP are mapped to the configured VCC. M1122 has  
three different ways to choose the ATM VCC that will be used for  
tunneling:  
D Automatic, chooses the first free VCC  
D Chooses the VCC number using C:number, where number is from  
1 to 8. C:number is fed after the M1122 IP address (see Figure 16).  
D Chooses the VCC number using N:name, where name is the  
VCCx description. N:name is fed after the M1122 IP address.  
Figure 16  
Choosing the VCC2 for tunneling example  
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4.8 Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet (PPPoE)  
Standard PPPoE mode is used when M1122 is operating as a bridge.  
PPPoE protocol defines how PPP sessions are mapped into Ethernet  
packets. When M1122 operates as a bridge, this protocol is transparent  
to M1122.  
4.9 Payload encapsulations  
BothroutedandbridgedprotocolsareencapsulatedintheATMlinkby  
usingeither RFC 2684 LLC/SNAP encapsulationorVCmultiplexing.  
M1122 also supports PPP over AAL5 encapsulation, in which routed  
protocols are first encapsulated in PPP (RFC 1661). PPP is then  
encapsulated in ATM according to the IETF PPP over AAL5 using  
RFC 2364 VC multiplexing or LLC/NLPID encapsulation.  
4.10 Weighted Fair Queueing (Class of Service)  
As a Class of Service (CoS) function, M1122 supports Weighted Fair  
Queueing (WFQ) for each ATM VCC. The CoS function ensures that  
different IP traffic flows are treated fairly in the upstream (towards the  
Internet) direction. This may be necessary, in some cases, because the  
upstream capacity of the ADSL line is somewhat limited compared to  
the Ethernet bandwidth on the office or home LAN. The WFQ CoS  
function classifies IP traffic flows based on IP address, protocol and  
port fields. It is capable of identifying the IP flow from all supported  
payload encapsulation formats. WFQ works properly only with  
IP-basedprotocols. IftheflowisIP-basedbutisencryptedusingIPSec  
or PPP encryption, then WFQ cannot identify the flows correctly. In  
this case, the default flow is used and the default flow is treated as a  
single flow.  
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5 Technical specifications  
Features  
ADSL  
Physical layer  
ANSI T1.413 Issue 2 (ANSI ADSL), ITU-T  
G.992.1 (ITU-T ADSL), and ITU-T G.994.1  
(Handshake) compatible.  
ADSL line connector RJ-11  
ATM over ADSL  
ATM connections  
Service categories  
Encapsulations  
PVC, up to 8 virtual circuits  
UBR  
RFC2684 ETH-LLC, RFC2684 IP-LLC,  
RFC2364 PPP-VC, RFC2364 TUNNELED-  
PPP-VC  
Ethernet interface  
Ethernet  
10Base-T, half duplex  
Encapsulation  
DIXv2 (transmit), IEEE 802.3 and DIXv2 (re-  
ceive)  
Ethernet connectors  
Routing  
RJ-45  
Routing protocols  
Other  
RIPv1, RIPv2, and static routes  
NAPT, IGMP proxy, DHCP server, DHCP  
relay, DNS relay, PPTP local tunneling  
Class of Service  
Weighted fair queueing  
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Bridging  
Bridging  
Self-learning bridge, bridges between all inter-  
faces. Possibility to disable bridging between  
WAN interfaces.  
MAC table  
1024 entries  
Class of Service  
Weighted fair queueing  
Command line interface (CLI) for local management  
Physical layer  
Electrically RS-232, TxD, RxD and GND sig-  
nals  
Data format  
Bit rate  
Asynchronous, 8+no parity  
9600 bps  
None  
Flow control  
CLI connector  
RJ-45  
Dedicated ATM management channel  
Service categories  
Encapsulations  
UBR  
RFC2684 ETH-LLC, RFC2684 IP-LLC,  
RFC2364 PPP-VC  
IP addressing  
Routing  
Statically configured  
Through IPCP when PPP over ATM is used  
Static routes  
RIPv1, RIPv2  
Management proto-  
cols  
Telnet/TCP/IP for command line interface,  
TFTP/UDP/IP for software and configuration  
download, HTTP/web server  
Management through payload  
Management proto-  
cols  
Telnet/TCP/IP for command line interface,  
TFTP/UDP/IP for software and configuration  
download, HTTP/web server  
Indicator lights  
DSL  
ETH  
COL  
STA  
PWR  
ADSL line status  
Ethernet activity and status  
Ethernet collision  
M1122 startup error  
Power on  
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5.1 Connectors and pin numbering  
The pin numberings are given here if you want to obtain longer cables  
for your M1122.  
1
8
Figure 17  
ETH connector  
PIN  
Signal  
Direction  
MDI signal  
M1122-  
Ethernet  
1
2
3
6
Rx+  
Rx–  
Tx+  
Tx–  
<–  
<–  
–>  
–>  
Receive data +  
Receive data –  
Transmit data +  
Transmit data –  
Table 1  
Ethernet interface pin-out numbering  
1
6
Figure 18  
DSL connector  
PIN  
Signal  
3
4
DSL1  
DSL2  
Table 2  
ADSL interface pin-out numbering  
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5.2 Ambient conditions, EMC and safety  
Ambient conditions  
Operating temperature range 5 to 45°C  
Humidity  
10% to 90%, non-condensing  
EMC  
M1122 complies with the following specifications provided that the  
device is connected to an earthed socket outlet:  
Emission  
Immunity  
EMC  
EN55022: 1998 class B  
EN55024: 1998  
EN300386-2: 1997  
ITU-T K.21  
Overvoltage  
Safety  
Safety  
EN60950  
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