MR2228-S2C
Stackable Fast Ethernet Switch
Installation Guide
Installation GMMMMMM
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Contents
Chapter 1: Introduction............................................................................................................1
Overview..........................................................................................................................1
Switch Architecture...................................................................................................1
Network Management Options .................................................................................2
Description of Hardware ..................................................................................................2
10BASE-T/100BASE-TX Ports .................................................................................2
1000BASE-T/SFP Ports............................................................................................2
Stacking Ports...........................................................................................................3
Port and System Status LEDs ..................................................................................3
Power Supply Receptacles.......................................................................................5
Features and Benefits......................................................................................................6
Connectivity ..............................................................................................................6
Expandability ............................................................................................................6
Performance .............................................................................................................6
Management.............................................................................................................7
Chapter 2: Network Planning ..................................................................................................8
Introduction to Switching..................................................................................................8
Application Examples.......................................................................................................8
Collapsed Backbone.................................................................................................8
Network Aggregation Plan ........................................................................................9
Remote Connections with Fiber Cable ...................................................................10
Making VLAN Connections..................................................................................... 11
Application Notes...........................................................................................................12
Chapter 3: Installing the Switch.............................................................................................13
Selecting a Site..............................................................................................................13
Ethernet Cabling ............................................................................................................13
Equipment Checklist ......................................................................................................14
Package Contents ..................................................................................................14
Optional Rack-Mounting Equipment .......................................................................14
Mounting........................................................................................................................14
Rack Mounting........................................................................................................15
Desktop or Shelf Mounting......................................................................................16
Installing an Optional SFP Transceiver..........................................................................17
Connecting Switches in a Stack.....................................................................................17
Connecting to a Power Source ......................................................................................18
Connecting to the Console Port .....................................................................................19
Wiring Map for Serial Cable....................................................................................19
Chapter 4: Making Network Connections..............................................................................21
Connecting Network Devices.........................................................................................21
Twisted-Pair Devices .....................................................................................................21
Cabling Guidelines..................................................................................................21
Connecting to PCs, Servers, Hubs and Switches...................................................21
Network Wiring Connections...................................................................................22
Fiber Optic SFP Devices................................................................................................23
Connectivity Rules .........................................................................................................24
1000BASE-T Cable Requirements .........................................................................24
1000 Mbps Gigabit Ethernet Collision Domain .......................................................25
100 Mbps Fast Ethernet Collision Domain..............................................................25
10 Mbps Ethernet Collision Domain........................................................................25
Cable Labeling and Connection Records.......................................................................25
Appendix A: Troubleshooting................................................................................................27
Diagnosing Switch Indicators.........................................................................................27
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Power and Cooling Problems ........................................................................................27
Installation......................................................................................................................28
In-Band Access..............................................................................................................28
Stack Troubleshooting ...................................................................................................28
Appendix B: Cables...............................................................................................................29
Twisted-Pair Cable and Pin Assignments......................................................................29
10BASE-T/100BASE-TX Pin Assignments.............................................................29
Straight-Through Wiring..........................................................................................30
Crossover Wiring ....................................................................................................30
1000BASE-T Pin Assignments ...............................................................................31
Fiber Standards .............................................................................................................32
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Chapter 1: Introduction
Overview
The MR2228-S2C switch is a stackable Fast Ethernet switch with 24
10BASE-T/100BASE-TX ports and two 1000BASE-T ports that operate in
combination with two Small Form Factor Pluggable (SFP) transceiver slots. The
switch also provides two 1 Gbps built-in stacking ports for connecting up to eight
units in one stack. The stacking ports can also be used as normal Ethernet ports
in standalone mode. The MR2228-S2C also includes an SNMP-based
management agent, which provides both in-band and out-of-band access for
managing the switch.
The MR2228-S2C provides a broad range of powerful features for Layer 2
switching, delivering reliability and consistent performance for your network traffic.
It brings order to poorly performing networks by segregating them into separate
broadcast domains with IEEE 802.3Q compliant VLANs, and empowers
multimedia applications with multicast switching and CoS services.
Figure 1-1. Front and Rear Panels
Switch Architecture
The MR2228-S2C employs a wire-speed, non-blocking switching fabric. This
permits simultaneous wire-speed transport of multiple packets at low latency on
all ports. The switch also features full-duplex capability on all ports, which
effectively doubles the bandwidth of each connection.
The switch uses store-and-forward switching to ensure maximum data integrity.
With store-and-forward switching, the entire packet must be received into a buffer
and checked for validity before being forwarded. This prevents errors from being
propagated throughout the network.
The switch includes built-in stacking ports that enable up to eight units that can
be connected together through a 1 Gbps stack backplane. The switch stack can
be managed from a master unit using a single IP address.
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Network Management Options
With a comprehensive arrangment of LEDs, the MR2228-S2C provides “at a
glance” monitoring of network and port status. The switch can be managed over
the network with a web browser or Telnet application, or via a direct connection to
the console port. The switch includes a built-in network management agent that
allows it to be managed in-band using SNMP or RMON (Groups 1, 2, 3, 9)
protocols. It also has an RS-232 serial port (DB-9 connector) on the front panel for
out-of-band management. A PC may be connected to this port for configuration
and monitoring out-of-band via a null-modem serial cable. (See Appendix B for
wiring options.)
For a detailed description of the advanced features, refer to the Management
Guide.
Description of Hardware
10BASE-T/100BASE-TX Ports
The MR2228-S2C base unit contains 24 10BASE-T/100BASE-TX RJ-45 ports. All
ports support automatic MDI/MDI-X operation, so you can use straight-through
cables for all network connections to PCs or servers, or to other switches or
hubs.(See “10BASE-T/100BASE-TX Pin Assignments” on page B-1.)
Each of these ports support auto-negotiation, so the optimum transmission mode
(half or full duplex), and data rate (10, or 100 Mbps) can be selected automatically.
If a device connected to one of these ports does not support auto-negotiation, the
communication mode of that port can be configured manually.
Each port also supports IEEE 802.3x auto-negotiation of flow control, so the
switch can automatically prevent port buffers from becoming saturated.
1000BASE-T/SFP Ports
These are combination Gigabit RJ-45 ports with shared Small Form Factor
Pluggable (SFP) transceiver slots. If an SFP transceiver (purchased separately) is
installed in a slot and has a valid link on the port, the associated RJ-45 port is
disabled.
The 1000BASE-T RJ-45 ports support automatic MDI/MDI-X operation, so you
can use straight-through cables for all network connections to PCs or servers, or
to other switches or hubs. (See “1000BASE-T Pin Assignments” on page B-3.)
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Stacking Ports
The unit provides two stacking ports that provide a 1 Gbps stack backplane
connection. Up to eight switches can be connected together using Category 5
Ethernet cables (purchased separately). The Master button enables one switch in
the stack to be selected as the master. This is the unit through which you manage
the entire stack.
The stacking ports can also be used as normal Ethernet ports in standalone mode
by pressing the Uplink button.
Figure 1-2. Stacking Ports
Port and System Status LEDs
The MR2228-S2C base unit includes a display panel for key system and port
indications that simplify installation and network troubleshooting. The LEDs, which
are located on the front panel for easy viewing, are shown below and described in
the following tables.
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Table 1-1. Port Status LEDs
Condition Status
LED
Fast Ethernet Ports (Ports 1-24)
(Link/Activity) On/Flashing Port has established a valid 10 Mbps network
Amber
connection.
Flashing indicates activity.
On/Flashing Port has established a valid 100 Mbps network
Green
connection.
Flashing indicates activity.
Off
There is no valid link on the port.
Gigabit Ethernet Ports (Ports 25-26 and Ports 27-28 when stacking is not
implemented)
(Link/Activity) On/Flashing Port has established a valid 10/100 Mbps network
Amber
connection.
Flashing indicates activity.
On/Flashing Port has established a valid 1000 Mbps network
Green
connection
Flashing indicates activity.
Off
There is no valid link on the port.
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Table 1-2. System Status LEDs
LED
Condition
Status
PWR
On Green
The unit’s internal power supply is operating
normally.
On Amber
Off
On Green
The unit’s internal power supply has failed.
The unit has no power connected.
The system diagnostic test has completed
successfully.
Diag
RPU
Stack
Flashing
Green
On Amber
Green
The system diagnostic test is in progress.
The system diagnostic test has detected a fault.
A redundant power unit is attached and is in backup
or active mode.
There is a fault in the redundant power unit.
There is no redundant power unit currently
attached.
Amber
Off
Flashing
Amber
Green
Amber
Flashing
Green
An initial power-on state during which the stack
configuration is detected.
This switch is acting as the Master unit in the stack.
This switch is acting as a Slave unit in the stack.
When the user enters the light unit command in
the CLI, the unit ID of each switch in the stack will
be displayed by the port LEDs 1 to 8.
Power Supply Receptacles
There are two power receptacles on the rear panel of the switch. The standard
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power receptacle is for the AC power cord. The receptacle labeled “RPU” is for
the optional Redundant Power Unit (RPU).
Features and Benefits
Connectivity
• 24 dual-speed ports for easy Fast Ethernet integration and for protection of your
investment in legacy LAN equipment.
• Auto-negotiation enables each RJ-45 port to automatically select the optimum
communication mode (half or full duplex) if this feature is supported by the
attached device; otherwise the port can be configured manually.
• Independent RJ-45 10/100BASE-TX ports with auto MDI/MDI-X.
• Unshielded (UTP) cable supported on all RJ-45 ports: Category 3 or better for 10
Mbps connections, Category 5 or better for 100 Mbps connections, and Category
5, 5e or 6 for 1000 Mbps connections.
• IEEE 802.3 Ethernet, 802.3u Fast Ethernet, and 802.3z and 802.3ab Gigabit
Ethernet compliance ensures compatibility with standards-based hubs, network
cards and switches from any vendor.
• Provides stacking capability via RJ-45 ports with 1 Gbps stacking bandwidth. Up
to 8 units can be stacked together.
Expandability
• Supports 1000BASE-SX, 1000BASE-LX and 1000BASE-LH SFP transceivers.
Performance
• Transparent bridging
• Aggregate duplex bandwidth of up to 8.8 Gbps
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• Switching table with a total of 8K MAC address entries
• Provides store-and-forward switching
• Wire-speed filtering and forwarding
• Supports flow control, using back pressure for half duplex and IEEE 802.3x for
full duplex
• Broadcast storm control
Management
• “At-a-glance” LEDs for easy troubleshooting
• Network management agent:
• Manages switch in-band or out-of-band
• Supports Telnet, SNMP/RMON and web-based interface
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Chapter 2: Network Planning
Introduction to Switching
A network switch allows simultaneous transmission of multiple packets via
non-crossbar switching. This means that it can partition a network more efficiently
than bridges or routers. The switch has, therefore, been recognized as one of the
most important building blocks for today’s networking technology.
When performance bottlenecks are caused by congestion at the network access
point (such as the network card for a high-volume file server), the device
experiencing congestion (server, power user, or hub) can be attached directly to a
switched port. And, by using full-duplex mode, the bandwidth of the dedicated
segment can be doubled to maximize throughput.
When networks are based on repeater (hub) technology, the maximum distance
between end stations is limited. For Ethernet, there may be up to four hubs
between any pair of stations; for Fast Ethernet, the maximum is two. This is
known as the hop count. However, a switch turns the hop count back to zero. So
subdividing the network into smaller and more manageable segments, and linking
them to the larger network by means of a switch, removes this limitation. A switch
can be easily configured in any Ethernet, Fast Ethernet, or Gigabit Ethernet
network to significantly boost bandwidth while using conventional cabling and
network cards.
Application Examples
The MR2228-S2C is not only designed to segment your network, but also to
provide a wide range of options in setting up network connections. Some typical
applications are described below.
Collapsed Backbone
The MR2228-S2C is an excellent choice for mixed Ethernet and Fast Ethernet
installations where significant growth is expected in the near future. You can
easily build on this basic configuration, adding direct full-duplex connections to
workstations or servers. When the time comes for further expansion, just connect
to another hub or switch using one of the Fast Ethernet or Gigabit Ethernet ports
built into the front panel, or using a Gigabit Ethernet port on a plug-in SFP
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transceiver. In the figure below, the switch is operating as a collapsed backbone
for a small LAN.It is providing dedicated 10 Mbps full-duplex connections to
workstations and 100 Mbps full-duplex connections to power users and servers.
Figure 2-1. Collapsed Backbone
Network Aggregation Plan
With 28 parallel bridging ports (i.e., 28 distinct collision domains), the
MR2228-S2C can collapse a complex network down into a single efficient bridged
node, increasing overall bandwidth and throughput.
When up to eight switch units are stacked together, they form a single “virtual”
switch containing up to 208 ports. The whole stack can be managed through the
Master unit using a single IP address. In the figure below, the
10BASE-T/100BASE-TX ports on the switch are providing 100 Mbps connectivity
for up to 24 segments. In addition, the switch is also connecting several servers at
1000 Mbps.
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Figure 2-2. Network Aggregation Plan
Remote Connections with Fiber Cable
Fiber Optic Technology allows for longer cabling than any other media type. A
1000BASE-SX SFP transceiver can be used for a high-speed connection
between floors in the same building and a 1000BASE-LX SFP transceiver can be
used to connect to other buildings in a campus setting. For long-haul connections,
a 1000BASE-LH SFP transceiver can be used to reach another site up to 70
kilometers away.
The figure below illustrates this switch connecting multiple segments with fiber
cable.
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Figure 2-3. Remote Connections with Fiber Cable
Making VLAN Connections
This switch supports VLANs which can be used to organize any group of network
nodes into separate broadcast domains. VLANs confine broadcast traffic to the
originating group, and can eliminate broadcast storms in large networks. This
provides a more secure and cleaner network environment.
VLANs can be based on untagged port groups, or traffic can be explicitly tagged
to identify the VLAN group to which it belongs. Untagged VLANs can be used for
small networks attached to a single switch. However, tagged VLANs should be
used for larger networks, and all the VLANs assigned to the inter-switch links.
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Figure 2-4. Making VLAN Connections
Note: When connecting to a switch that does not support IEEE 802.1Q VLAN
tags, Use untagged ports.
Application Notes
1. Full-duplex operation only applies to point-to-point access (such as when a
switch is attached to a workstation, server or another switch). When the switch is
connected to a hub, both devices must operate in half-duplex mode.
2. Avoid using flow control on a port connected to a hub unless it is actually
required to solve a problem. Otherwise back pressure jamming signals may
degrade overall performance for the segment attached to the hub.
3. As a general rule the length of fiber optic cable for a single switched link should
not exceed:
• 1000BASE-SX: 550 m (1805 ft) for multimode fiber.
• 1000BASE-LX: 5 km (3.1 miles) for singlemode fiber.
• 1000BASE-LH: 70 km (43.5 miles) for singlemode fiber.
However, power budget constraints must also be considered when calculating the
maximum cable length for your specific environment.
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Chapter 3: Installing the Switch
Selecting a Site
Switch units can be mounted in a standard 19-inch equipment rack or on a flat
surface. Be sure to follow the guidelines below when choosing a location.
• The site should:
• be at the center of all the devices you want to link and near a power outlet.
• be able to maintain its temperature within 0 to 40 °C (32 to 104 °F) and its
humidity within 5% to 95%, non-condensing
• provide adequate space (approximately two inches) on all sides for proper air
flow
• be accessible for installing, cabling and maintaining the devices
• allow the status LEDs to be clearly visible
• Make sure twisted-pair cable is always routed away from power lines,
fluorescent lighting fixtures and other sources of electrical interference, such as
radios and transmitters.
• Make sure that the unit is connected to a separate grounded power outlet that
provides 100 to 240 VAC, 50 to 60 Hz, is within 2.44 m (8 feet) of each device and
is powered from an independent circuit breaker. As with any equipment, using a
filter or surge suppressor is recommended.
Ethernet Cabling
To ensure proper operation when installing the switch into a network, make sure
that the current cables are suitable for 10BASE-T, 100BASE-TX, or 1000BASE-T
operation. Check the following criteria against the current installation of your
network:
• Cable type: Unshielded twisted pair (UTP) or shielded twisted pair (STP) cables
with RJ-45 connectors; Category 3 or better for 10BASE-T, and Category 5 or
better for 100BASE-TX or 1000BASE-T.
• Protection from radio frequency interference emissions
• Electrical surge suppression
• Separation of electrical wires (switch related or other) and electromagnetic fields
from data based network wiring
• Safe connections with no damaged cables, connectors or shields
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Figure 3-1. RJ-45 Connections
Equipment Checklist
After unpacking this switch, check the contents to be sure you have received all
the components. Then, before beginning the installation, be sure you have all
other necessary installation equipment.
Package Contents
• Stackable Fast Ethernet Switch (MR2228-S2C)
• Four adhesive foot pads
• Bracket Mounting Kit containing two brackets and eight screws for attaching the
brackets to the switch
• Power Cord—either US, Continental Europe or UK
• RS-232 console cable
• This Installation Guide
• Management Guide
Optional Rack-Mounting Equipment
If you plan to rack-mount the switch, be sure to have the following equipment
available:
• Four mounting screws for each device you plan to install in a rack—these are
not included
• A screwdriver (Phillips or flathead, depending on the type of screws used)
Mounting
This switch can be mounted in a standard 19-inch equipment rack or on a desktop
or shelf. Mounting instructions for each type of site follow.
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Rack Mounting
Before rack mounting the switch, pay particular attention to the following factors:
• Temperature: Since the temperature within a rack assembly may be higher than
the ambient room temperature, check that the rack-environment temperature is
within the specified operating temperature range. (See page C-1.)
• Mechanical Loading: Do not place any equipment on top of a rack-mounted unit.
• Circuit Overloading: Be sure that the supply circuit to the rack assembly is not
overloaded.
• Grounding: Rack-mounted equipment should be properly grounded. Particular
attention should be given to supply connections other than direct connections to
the mains.
To rack-mount devices:
1. Attach the brackets to the device using the screws provided in the Bracket
Mounting Kit.
Figure 3-2. Attaching the Brackets
2. Mount the device in the rack, using four rack-mounting screws (not provided).
Figure 3-3. Installing the Switch in a Rack
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3. If installing a single switch only, turn to “Connecting to a Power Source” at the
end of this chapter.
4. If installing multiple switches, mount them in the rack, one below the other, in
any order.
Desktop or Shelf Mounting
1. Attach the four adhesive feet to the bottom of the first switch.
Figure 3-4. Attaching the Adhesive Feet
2. Set the device on a flat surface near an AC power source, making sure there
are at least two inches of space on all sides for proper air flow.
3. If installing a single switch only, go to “Connecting to a Power Source” at the
end of this chapter.
4. If installing multiple switches, attach four adhesive feet to each one. Place each
device squarely on top of the one below, in any order.
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Installing an Optional SFP Transceiver
Figure 3-5. Installing an SFP Transceiver into a slot
To install an SFP transceiver, do the following:
1. Consider network and cabling requirements to select an appropriate SFP
transceiver type.
2. Insert the transceiver with the optical connector facing outward and the slot
connector facing down. Note that SFP transceivers are keyed so they can only be
installed in one orientation.
3. Slide the SFP transceiver into the slot until it clicks into place.
Note: SFP transceivers are hot-swappable. The switch does not need to be
powered off before installing or removing a transceiver. However, always first
disconnect the network cable before removing a transceiver.
Connecting Switches in a Stack
Figure 3-6 shows how the stack cables are connected between switches in a
stack. The connection uses only Category 5 Ethernet cables. The switch supports
a line- and ring-topology stacking configuration, or can be used stand alone.
In line-topology stacking, there is a single stack cable connection between each
switch that carries two-way communications across the stack. In ring-topology
stacking, an extra cable is connected between the top and bottom switches
forming a “ring” or “closed-loop.” The closed-loop cable provides a redundant path
for the stack link, so if one link fails, stack communications can be maintained.
Figure 3-6 illustrates a ring-topology stacking configuration.
To connect up to eight switches in a stack, perform the following steps:
1. Enable the stacking ports on each unit (i.e., the Stack button pushed out)
Note: Pressing the Stack button during normal operation will cause the system to
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reboot.
2. Plug one end of a stack cable into the “Up” (right) port of the top unit.
3. Plug the other end of the stack cable into the “Down” (left) port of the next unit.
4. Repeat steps 1 and 2 for each unit in the stack. Form a simple chain starting at
the “Up” port on the top unit and ending at the “Down” port on the bottom unit
(stacking up to 8 units).
5. For ring-topology stacking, complete the connections by plugging one end of a
stack cable into the Up port on the bottom unit and the other end into the Down
port on the top unit.
Figure 3-6. Connecting Switches in a Ring-topology Stack
6. Select the Master unit in the stack by pressing in the Master button on only
oneof the switches. Only one switch in the stack can operate as the Master, all
other units operate in slave mode. If more than one switch in the stack is selected
as Master, or if no switches are selected, the stack will not function.
Connecting to a Power Source
To connect a switch to a power source:
1. Insert the power cable plug directly into the AC receptacle located at the back
of the switch.
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Figure 3-7. Power Receptacles
2. Plug the other end of the cable into a grounded, 3-pin socket, AC power source.
Note: For International use, you may need to change the AC line cord. You must
use a line cord set that has been approved for the receptacle type in your country.
3. Check the front-panel LEDs as the device is powered on to be sure the PWR
LED is lit. If not, check that the power cable is plugged in correctly
4. If you have purchased a Redundant Power Unit, connect it to the switch and to
an AC power source now, following the instructions included with the package.
Connecting to the Console Port
The DB-9 serial port on the switch’s back panel is used to connect to the switch
for out-of-band console configuration. The command-line-driven configuration
program can be accessed from a terminal or a PC running a terminal emulation
program. The pin assignments used to connect to the serial port are provided in
the following table.
Figure 3-8. Serial Port (DB-9 DTE) Pin-Out
Wiring Map for Serial Cable
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Table 3-1. Serial Cable Wiring
Null Modem
Switch’s 9-Pin
Serial Port
2 RXD (receive data)
3 TXD (transmit data)
5 SGND (signal ground)
PC’s 9-Pin
DTE Port
<----------------------------
----------------------------->
------------------------------
3 TXD (transmit data)
2 RXD (receive data)
5 SGND (signal ground)
The serial port’s configuration requirements are as follows:
• Default Baud rate—9,600 bps
• Character Size—8 Characters
• Parity—None
• Stop bit—One
• Data bits—8
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Chapter 4: Making Network Connections
Connecting Network Devices
The MR2228-S2C is designed to be connected to 10, 100 or 1000 Mbps network
cards in PCs and servers, as well as to other switches and hubs. It may also be
connected to remote devices using optional 1000BASE-SX, 1000BASE-LX, or
1000BASE-LH SFP transceivers.
Twisted-Pair Devices
Each device requires an unshielded twisted-pair (UTP) cable with RJ-45
connectors at both ends. Use Category 5, 5e or 6 cable for 1000BASE-T
connections, Category 5 or better for 100BASE-TX connections, and Category 3
or better for 10BASE-T connections.
Cabling Guidelines
The RJ-45 ports on the switch support automatic MDI/MDI-X pinout configuration,
so you can use standard straight-through twisted-pair cables to connect to any
other network device (PCs, servers, switches, routers, or hubs). See Appendix B
for further information on cabling.
!WARNING!: Do not plug a phone jack connector into an RJ-45 port. This will
damage the switch. Use only twisted-pair cables with RJ-45 connectors that
conform to FCC standards.
Connecting to PCs, Servers, Hubs and Switches
1. Attach one end of a twisted-pair cable segment to the device’s RJ-45
connector.
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Figure 4-1. Making Twisted-Pair Connections
2. If the device is a network card and the switch is in the wiring closet, attach the
other end of the cable segment to a modular wall outlet that is connected to the
wiring closet. (See the section “Network Wiring Connections.”) Otherwise, attach
the other end to an available port on the switch.
Make sure each twisted pair cable does not exceed 100 meters (328 ft) in length.
Note: Avoid using flow control on a port connected to a hub unless it is actually
required to solve a problem. Otherwise back pressure jamming signals may
degrade overall performance for the segment attached to the hub.
3. As each connection is made, the Link LED (on the switch) corresponding to
each port will light to indicate that the connection is valid.
Network Wiring Connections
Today, the punch-down block is an integral part of many of the newer equipment
racks. It is actually part of the patch panel. Instructions for making connections in
the wiring closet with this type of equipment follows.
1. Attach one end of a patch cable to an available port on the switch, and the other
end to the patch panel.
2. If not already in place, attach one end of a cable segment to the back of the
patch panel where the punch-down block is located, and the other end to a
modular wall outlet.
3. Label the cables to simplify future troubleshooting. See “Cable Labeling and
Connection Records” on page 4-7.
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Figure 4-2. Network Wiring Connections
Fiber Optic SFP Devices
An optional Gigabit SFP transceiver (1000BASE-SX, 1000BASE-LX, or
1000BASE-LH) can be used for a backbone connection between switches, or for
connecting to a high-speed server.
Each single-mode fiber port requires 9/125 micron single-mode fiber optic cable
with an LC connector at both ends. Each multimode fiber optic port requires
50/125 or 62.5/125 micron multimode fiber optic cabling with an LC connector at
both ends.
WARNING!: This switch uses lasers to transmit signals over fiber optic cable. The
lasers are compliant with the requirements of a Class 1 Laser Product and are
inherently eye safe in normal operation. However, you should never look directly
at atransmit port when it is powered on.
1. Remove and keep the LC port’s rubber plug. When not connected to a fiber
cable, the rubber plug should be replaced to protect the optics.
2. Check that the fiber terminators are clean. You can clean the cable plugs by
wiping them gently with a clean tissue or cotton ball moistened with a little ethanol.
Dirty fiber terminators on fiber optic cables will impair the quality of the light
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transmitted through the cable and lead to degraded performance on the port.
3. Connect one end of the cable to the LC port on the switch and the other end to
the LC port on the other device. Since LC connectors are keyed, the cable can be
attached in only one orientation.
Figure 4-3. Making Fiber Port Connections
4. As a connection is made, check the Link LED on the switch corresponding to
the port to be sure that the connection is valid. The 1000BASE-SX, 1000BASE-LX,
1000BASE-LH fiber optic ports operate at 1 Gbps, full duplex, with
auto-negotiation of flow control. The maximum length for fiber optic cable
operating at Gigabit speed will depend on the fiber type as listed under “1000
Mbps Gigabit Ethernet Collision Domain” on page 4-5.
Connectivity Rules
When adding hubs (repeaters) to your network, please follow the connectivity
rules listed in the manuals for these products. However, note that because
switches break up the path for connected devices into separate collision domains,
you should not include the switch or connected cabling in your calculations for
cascade length involving other devices.
1000BASE-T Cable Requirements
All Category 5 UTP cables that are used for 100BASE-TX connections should
also work for 1000BASE-T, providing that all four wire pairs are connected.
However, it is recommended that for all critical connections, or any new cable
installations, Category 5e (enhanced Category 5) or Category 6 cable should be
used. The Category 5e and 6 specifications include test parameters that are only
recommendations for Category 5. Therefore, the first step in preparing existing
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Category 5 cabling for running 1000BASE-T is a simple test of the cable
installation to be sure that it complies with the IEEE 802.3ab standards.
1000 Mbps Gigabit Ethernet Collision Domain
Table 4-1. Maximum 1000BASE-T Gigabit Ethernet Cable Length
Cable Type
Maximum Cable Length
Connector
Category 5, 5e, or 6 100-ohm 100 m (328 ft)
UTP or STP
RJ-45
Table 4-2. Maximum 1000BASE-SX Gigabit Ethernet Cable Lengths
Fiber Size
62.5/125 micron multimode 160 MHz/km
fiber
50/125 micron multimode 400 MHz/km
Fiber
Bandwidth
Maximum
2-220 m (7-722ft)
2-275 m (7-902ft)
2-500 m (7-1641ft)
2-550 m (7-1805ft)
LC
LC
LC
LC
200 MHz/km
fiber
500 MHz/km
Table 4-3. Maximum 1000BASE-LX Gigabit Ethernet Cable Length
Fiber Size
Fiber Bandwidth
Maximum
Length
Cable Connector
9/125
micron N/A
2
m
-
5
km (7 LC
single-mode fiber
ft-3.2miles
Table 4-4. Maximum 1000BASE-LH Gigabit Ethernet Cable Length
Fiber Bandwidth Maximum
micron N/A 70 km (7 LC
ft-43.5miles
Fiber Size
9/125
single-mode fiber
2
m
-
100 Mbps Fast Ethernet Collision Domain
Table 4-5. Maximum Fast Ethernet Cable Lengths
Cable Type Max.
TX Category 5 or ohm UTP or STP 100 45
better 100 m (328 ft) RJ
Type
100BASE
10 Mbps Ethernet Collision Domain
Table 4-6. Maximum Ethernet Cable Length
Type Maximum
Cable
Twisted Pair, Category 3 or better 100
ohm UTP 100 m (328 ft) 45
RJ
Cable Labeling and Connection Records
When planning a network installation, it is essential to label the opposing ends of
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cables and to record where each cable is connected. Doing so will enable you to
easily locate inter-connected devices, isolate faults and change your topology
without need for unnecessary time consumption.
To best manage the physical implementations of your network, follow these
guidelines:
• Clearly label the opposing ends of each cable.
• Using your building’s floor plans, draw a map of the location of all
network-connected equipment. For each piece of equipment, identify the devices
to which it is connected.
• Note the length of each cable and the maximum cable length supported by the
switch ports.
• For ease of understanding, use a location-based key when assigning prefixes to
your cable labeling.
• Use sequential numbers for cables that originate from the same equipment.
• Differentiate between racks by naming accordingly.
• Label each separate piece of equipment.
• Display a copy of your equipment map, including keys to all abbreviations at
each equipment rack.
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Appendix A: Troubleshooting
Diagnosing Switch Indicators
Table A-1. Troubleshooting Chart
Symptom
Action
PWR LED is Off
•Check connections between the switch, the power cord and
the wall outlet.
•Contact your dealer for assistance.
PWR LED is
Amber
Internal power supply has failed. Contact your local dealer for
assistance.
Diag LED is
Amber
•Power cycle the switch to try and clear the condition.
•If the condition does not clear, contact your dealer for
assistance.
Stack LED is
Flashing Amber
• The stack has not completed its initial configuration. Wait a
few minutes for the process to complete.
• If flashing continues, check that the Master Select button is
pressed in on only one switch.
• Check that all stacking cables are properly connected.
• Verify that the switch and attached device are powered on.
• Be sure the cable is plugged into both the switch and
corresponding device.
Link LED is Off
• If the switch is installed in a rack, check the connections to
the punch-down block and patch panel.
• Verify that the proper cable type is used and its length does
not exceed specified limits.
• Check the adapter on the attached device and cable
connections for possible defects. Replace the defective
adapter or cable if necessary.
Power and Cooling Problems
If the power indicator does not turn on when the power cord is plugged in, you
may have a problem with the power outlet, power cord, or internal power supply.
however, if the unit powers off after running for a while, check for loose power
connections, power losses or surges at the power outlet. If you still cannot isolate
the problem, the internal power supply may be defective.
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Installation
Verify that all system components have been properly installed. If one or more
components appear to be malfunctioning (such as the power cord or network
cabling), test them in an alternate environment where you are sure that all the
other components are functioning properly.
In-Band Access
You can access the management agent in the switch from anywhere within the
attached network using Telnet, a web browser, or other network management
software tools. However, you must first configure the switch with a valid IP
address, subnet mask, and default gateway. If you have trouble establishing a link
to the management agent, check to see if you have a valid network connection.
Then verify that you entered the correct IP address. Also, be sure the port through
which you are connecting to the switch has not been disabled. If it has not been
disabled, then check the network cabling that runs between your remote location
and the switch.
Note: The management agent accepts up to four simultaneous Telnet sessions. If
the maximum number of sessions already exists, an additional Telnet connection
will not be able to log into the system.
Stack Troubleshooting
If a stack fails to initialize or function, first check the following items:
• Check that all stacking cables are properly connected.
• Check if any stacking cables appear damaged.
• Check that the Master Select button is pressed in on only one unit in the stack.
• Check that each unit has the stacking ports enabled (the Stack button pushed
out).
• Check that all switches in the stack are powered on. After checking all items,
reboot all the switches in the stack.
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Appendix B: Cables
Twisted-Pair Cable and Pin Assignments
Caution: DO NOT plug a phone jack connector into any RJ-45 port. Use only
twisted-pair cables with RJ-45 connectors that conform with FCC standards. For
10/100BASE-TX connections, the twisted-pair cable must have two pairs of wires.
For 1000BASE-T connections the twisted-pair cable must have four pairs of wires.
Each wire pair is identified by two different colors. For example, one wire might be
green and the other, green with white stripes. Also, an RJ-45 connector must be
attached to both ends of the cable.
Caution: Each wire pair must be attached to the RJ-45 connectors in a specific
orientation. (See “Cabling Guidelines” on page 4-1 for an explanation.)
The figure below illustrates how the pins on the RJ-45 connector are numbered.
Be sure to hold the connectors in the same orientation when attaching the wires to
the pins.
10BASE-T/100BASE-TX Pin Assignments
Use unshielded twisted-pair (UTP) or shielded twisted-pair (STP) cable for RJ-45
connections: 100-ohm Category 3 or better cable for 10 Mbps connections, or
100-ohm Category 5 or better cable for 100 Mbps connections. Also be sure that
the length of any twisted-pair connection does not exceed 100 meters (328 feet).
The RJ-45 ports on the switch base unit support automatic MDI/MDI-X operation,
so you can use straight-through cables for all network connections to PCs or
servers, or to other switches or hubs. In straight-through cable, pins 1, 2, 3, and 6,
at one end of the cable, are connected straight through to pins 1, 2, 3, and 6 at the
other end of the cable. When using any RJ-45 port on this switch, you can use
either straight-through or crossover cable.
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Table B-1. 10/100BASE-TX MDI and MDI-X Port Pinouts
Pin
1
2
3
6
MDI Signal Name
MDI-X Signal Name
Receive Data plus (RD+)
Receive Data minus (RD-)
Transmit Data plus (TD+)
Transmit Data minus (TD-)
Not used
Transmit Data plus (TD+)
Transmit Data minus (TD-)
Receive Data plus (RD+)
Receive Data minus (RD-)
4,5,7,8 Not used
Note: The “+” and “-” signs represent the polarity of the wires that make
up each wire pair.
Straight-Through Wiring
If the twisted-pair cable is to join two ports and only one of the ports has an
internal crossover (MDI-X), the two pairs of wires must be straight-through. (When
auto-negotiation is enabled for any RJ-45 port on this switch, you can use either
straight-through or crossover cable to connect to any device type.)
Crossover Wiring
If the twisted-pair cable is to join two ports and both ports are labeled with an “X”
(MDI-X) or neither port is labeled with an “X” (MDI), a crossover must be
implemented in the wiring. (When auto-negotiation is enabled for any RJ-45 port
on this switch, you can use either straight-through or crossover cable to connect
to any device type.)
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1000BASE-T Pin Assignments
All 1000BASE-T ports support automatic MDI/MDI-X operation, so you can use
straight-through cables for all network connections to PCs or servers, or to other
switches or hubs.
The table below shows the 1000BASE-T MDI and MDI-X port pinouts. These
ports require that all four pairs of wires be connected. Note that for 1000BASE-T
operation, all four pairs of wires are used for both transmit and receive. Use
100-ohm Category 5, 5e or 6 unshielded twisted-pair (UTP) or shielded
twisted-pair (STP) cable for 1000BASE-T connections. Also be sure that the
length of any twisted-pair connection does not exceed 100 meters (328 feet).
Table B-2. 1000BASE-T MDI and MDI-X Port Pinouts
Pin
1
MDI Signal Name
Bi-directional Data One Plus
(BI_D1+)
MDI-X Signal Name
Bi-directional Data Two Plus
(BI_D2+)
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Bi-directional Data One Minus
(BI_D1-)
Bi-directional Data Two Plus
(BI_D2+)
Bi-directional Data Three Plus
(BI_D3+)
Bi-directional Data Three Minus
(BI_D3-)
Bi-directional Data Two Minus
(BI_D2-)
Bi-directional Data One Plus
(BI_D4+)
Bi-directional Data Four Minus
(BI_D4-)
Bi-directional Data Two Minus
(BI_D2-)
Bi-directional Data One Plus
(BI_D1+)
Bi-directional Data Four Plus
(BI_D4+)
Bi-directional Data Four Minus
(BI_D4-)
Bi-directional Data One Minus
(BI_D1-)
Bi-directional Data One Plus
(BI_D3+)
Bi-directional Data Three Minus
(BI_D3-)
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Cable Testing for Existing Category 5 Cable
Installed Category 5 cabling must pass tests for Attenuation, Near-End Crosstalk
(NEXT), and Far-End Crosstalk (FEXT). This cable testing information is specified
in the ANSI/TIA/EIA-TSB-67 standard. Additionally, cables must also pass tests
that are specified in the ANSI/TIA/EIA-TSB-95 Bulletin, “The Additional
Transmission Performance Guidelines for 100 Ohm 4-Pair Category 5 Cabling.”
Note that when testing your cable installation , be sure to include all patch cables
between switches and end devices.
Adjusting Existing Category 5 Cabling to Run 1000BASE-T
If your existing Category 5 installation does not meet one of the test parameters
for 1000BASE-T, there are basically three measures that can be applied to try and
correct the problem:
1. Replace any Category 5 patch cables with high-performance Category 5e or
Category 6 cables.
2. Reduce the number of connectors used in the link.
3. Reconnect some of the connectors in the link.
Fiber Standards
The current TIA (Telecommunications Industry Association) 568-A specification
on optical fiber cabling consists of one recognized cable type for horizontal
subsystems and two cable types for backbone subsystems.
Horizontal 62.5/125 micron multimode (two fibers per outlet).
Backbone 62.5/125 micron multimode or single-mode.
TIA 568-B will allow the use of 50/125 micron multimode optical fiber in both the
horizontal and backbone in addition to the types listed above. All optical fiber
components and installation practices must meet applicable building and safety
codes.
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Appendix C: Specifications
Physical Characteristics
Ports
24 10/100BASE-TX, with auto-negotiation
Two 10/100/1000BASE-T shared with two SFP transceiver slots
Two 10/100/1000BASE-T or Stacking Ports (button selection)
Network Interface
Ports 1-24: RJ-45 connector, auto MDI/X
10BASE-T: RJ-45 (100-ohm, UTP cable; Categories 3 or better)
100BASE-TX: RJ-45 (100-ohm, UTP cable; Category 5 or better)
1000BASE-T: RJ-45 (100-ohm, UTP or STP cable; Category 5, 5e or 6)
Buffer Architecture
4 Mbytes
Aggregate Bandwidth
8.8 Gbps
Switching Database
8K MAC address entries
LEDs
System: PWR (Power Supply), Diag (Diagnostic), RPU (Redundant Power
Unit), Stack
Port: status (link, speed, and activity)
Weight
3.08 kg (6 lbs, 13 oz)
Size
44.0x23.0x4.4cm(17.32x9.06x1.73in)
Temperature
Operating: 0°C to 40°C (32°F to 104°F)
Storage: -40°C to 70°C (-40°F to 158°F)
Humidity
Operating: 5% to 95% (non-condensing)
Specifications
Power Supply
Internal, auto-ranging transformer: 100 to 240 VAC, 50 to 60 Hz
External, supports connection for redundant power supply
Power Consumption
70 Watts maximum
Maximum Current
1.2 A @ 110 VAC
0.6 A @ 240 VAC
Switch Features
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Forwarding Mode
Store-and-forward
Throughput
Wire speed
Flow Control
Full Duplex: IEEE 802.3x
Half Duplex: Back pressure
Management Features
In-Band Management
Telnet, SNMP, or HTTP
Out-of-Band Management
RS-232 DB-9 console port
Software Loading
TFTP in-band, or XModem out-of-band
Standards
IEEE 802.3 Ethernet
IEEE 802.3u Fast Ethernet
IEEE 802.3z and 802.3ab Gigabit Ethernet
IEEE 802.1D (Bridging)
IEEE 802.3x full-duplex flow control
ISO/IEC 8802-3
Compliances
Emissions
Industry Canada Class A
EN55022 (CISPR 22) Class A
EN 61000-3-2/3
FCC Class A
VCCI Class A
C-Tick - AS/NZS 3548 (1995) Class A
Immunity
EN 61000-4-2/3/4/5/6/8/11
Safety
CSA/CUS (CSA 22.2.950 & UL 1950)
EN60950 (TÜV/GS)
IEC 60950 (CB)
Glossary
10BASE-T
IEEE 802.3 specification for 10 Mbps Ethernet over two pairs of Category 3, 4, or
5 UTP cable.
100BASE-FX
IEEE 802.3 specification for 100 Mbps Ethernet over two strands of 50/125, 62.5/
125 micron, or 9/125 micron core fiber cable.
100BASE-TX
IEEE 802.3u specification for 100 Mbps Ethernet over two pairs of Category 5
UTP cable.
1000BASE-LX
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IEEE 802.3z specification for Gigabit Ethernet over two strands of 50/125,
62.5/125 or 9/125 micron core fiber cable.
1000BASE-LH
Specification for long-haul Gigabit Ethernet over two strands of 9/125 micron core
fiber cable.
1000BASE-T
IEEE 802.3ab specification for Gigabit Ethernet over 100-ohm Category 5, 5e or 6
twisted-pair cable (using all four wire pairs).
Auto-Negotiation
Signalling method allowing each node to select its optimum operational mode
(e.g., speed and duplex mode) based on the capabilities of the node to which it is
connected.
Bandwidth
The difference between the highest and lowest frequencies available for network
signals. Also synonymous with wire speed, the actual speed of the data
transmission along the cable.
Collision
A condition in which packets transmitted over the cable interfere with each other.
Their interference makes both signals unintelligible.
Collision Domain
Single CSMA/CD LAN segment.
CSMA/CD
CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detect) is the communication
method employed by Ethernet, Fast Ethernet, and Gigabit Ethernet.
End Station
A workstation, server, or other device that does not forward traffic.
Ethernet
A network communication system developed and standardized by DEC, Intel, and
Xerox, using baseband transmission, CSMA/CD access, logical bus topology, and
coaxial cable. The successor IEEE 802.3 standard provides for integration into
the
OSI model and extends the physical layer and media with repeaters and
implementations that operate on fiber, thin coax and twisted-pair cable.
Fast Ethernet
A 100 Mbps network communication system based on Ethernet and the
CSMA/CD access method.
Gigabit Ethernet
A 1000 Mbps network communication system based on Ethernet and the
CSMA/CD access method.
Full Duplex
Transmission method that allows two network devices to transmit and receive
concurrently, effectively doubling the bandwidth of that link.
IEEE
Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers.
IEEE 802.3
Defines carrier sense multiple access with collision detection (CSMA/CD) access
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method and physical layer specifications.
IEEE 802.3ab
Defines CSMA/CD access method and physical layer specifications for
1000BASE-T Gigabit Ethernet.
IEEE 802.3u
Defines CSMA/CD access method and physical layer specifications for
100BASE-TX Fast Ethernet.
IEEE 802.3x
Defines Ethernet frame start/stop requests and timers used for flow control on
full-duplex links.
IEEE 802.3z
Defines CSMA/CD access method and physical layer specifications for
1000BASE Gigabit Ethernet.
LAN Segment
Separate LAN or collision domain.
LED
Light emitting diode used for monitoring a device or network condition.
Local Area Network (LAN)
A group of interconnected computer and support devices.
Modal Bandwidth
Bandwidth for multimode fiber is referred to as modal bandwidth because it varies
with the modal field (or core diameter) of the fiber. Modal bandwidth is specified in
units of MHz per km, which indicates the amount of bandwidth supported by the
fiber for a one km distance.
Media Access Control (MAC)
A portion of the networking protocol that governs access to the transmission
medium, facilitating the exchange of data between network nodes.
MIB
An acronym for Management Information Base. It is a set of database objects that
contains information about the device.
Network Diameter
Wire distance between two end stations in the same collision domain.
RJ-45 Connector
A connector for twisted-pair wiring.
Switched Ports
Ports that are on separate collision domains or LAN segments.
TIA
Telecommunications Industry Association
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)
Protocol suite that includes TCP as the primary transport protocol, and IP as the
network layer protocol.
UTP
Unshielded twisted-pair cable.
Virtual LAN (VLAN)
A Virtual LAN is a collection of network nodes that share the same collision
domain regardless of their physical location or connection point in the network. A
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VLAN serves as a logical workgroup with no physical barriers, allowing users to
share information and resources as though located on the same LAN.
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