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FCC & IC Complia nce Informa tion
W AR NIN G : Ch anges or mod ifications to this u nit not expres sly app roved by the p arty
resp ons ible for c omp liance c ould void the u ser's authority to operate the eq uipm ent.
NO TE : This e quipm e nt ha s be e n te s ted a nd found to comp ly with the limits for a
Cla s s B digital de vice , purs ua nt to P a rt 15 of the FCC R ule s . The s e limits a re
des igned to p rovide reason able protec tion agains t harm ful interferenc e in a resid ential
ins ta llation. This e quipme nt gene rates , us e s , and ca n radiate ra dio freque ncy e nergy
a nd, if not ins ta lled a nd us ed in accorda nce with the ins tructions , may caus e ha rmful
interference to radio communica tions .
However, there is n o guaran tee that interferen ce will not occ ur in a p articu lar
installation. If th is equ ipm ent does cau se h armful interferenc e to radio or television
rec eption , wh ich can be d eterm ined by turning the eq uipm ent off an d on , the u ser is
e ncouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following mea s ures :
•
•
•
Reorient or relocate the receiving an tenna.
Incre a s e the s e pa ra tion be twee n the e quipme nt a nd re ce ive r.
Cons ult the de aler or a n experie nce d ra dio/TV te chnicia n for he lp.
Th is de vice comp lies with P a rt 15 of the FCC rule s a nd a ls o with RS S -210 of Indus try
& S cien ce C anad a. O peration is su bjec t to the followin g two con dition s: (1) T his
de vice ma y not ca us e ha rmful inte rfere nce, and (2) this device mus t a cce pt a ny
inte rfere nce re ceive d, including interfe re nce tha t ma y caus e undes ired opera tion.
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Ta ble of Contents
Icon s U sed in this Man ual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Communica tion Te chnology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Bas ic F eatures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Sp ecial Featu res . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Parts Des ignation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
LC D In form ation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
C ontro ls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
P ower S witch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Keypad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
P O R T 1 / P O R T 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
S tatus LE D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
G etting S tarted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Battery Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Ins erting Batteries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Ba tte ry Life . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
La nya rd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
VE LC R O ® . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Ca re and Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Quick Setup - Basic Radio Slave Operation
. . . . . . . . . . . 16
Ba s ic S e tup for Remote Fla s h . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Triggerin g Multiple Flas hes W ith Multiple R EC EIVE U nits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Conne cting MultiMAX (s et for TRANS MIT mode ) to Fla s h . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Stan dard R adio O peration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Trans ceiver C ontrol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
C han nels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Com patibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
S e le ctive Quad-Triggering (A B C D ke ys ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
C lass ic C han nels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
L Key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
True C onfirm ation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
R adio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
O ption al Flas h C onfirm ation C able . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
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Men u S ystem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Navigation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
LCD C ontra s t Adjus tme nt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Num e ric Entry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Ma in Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
A: Advance d Me nu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
B: Ba s ic S e ttings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
C: Counter Me nu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
D: G o Ad vanced . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
D: G o Normal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Ba s ic S e ttings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
A: C on tac t Tim e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
B: Be e p Me nu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
A: Bee p on All . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
B: Beep on T rigger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
C: B eep on Zero / Error . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
D: Be ep Disab le . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Counter Me nu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
A: C ount U p + R eset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
B: C ount D own + Res et . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
C: C lear / Res et . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
D: Disab le . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
L: Load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Advance d Me nu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
A: Dela y Me nu - TRANS MITTE R . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
A: R em otes + P O R T 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
B: R em otes O nly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
C : R ear C urtain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
A: Dela y Me nu - RE CE IVE R . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
A: P O R T 1 + PO R T 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
B: P O R T 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
C: E qua lize . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
B: Intervalom eter (Tim e Lap se P hotograph y) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
C: Multipop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
D: S pe ed Cyc le r - TRANS MITTE R . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
D: Fas t Mo de - RE CE IVE R . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
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O ther F eatures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Ke ypad Lock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Hig h Voltage Protec tion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Re lay Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Software Version D isplay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Applica tions of Adva nce d Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
S e lf-Time r or Ca ble Relea s e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
TTL / Auto flas h Helper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
P rogramme d s e que nce s hooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Re cycle Lockout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Cam era Eq ualization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
La g Time Mea s ureme nt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
O ne Unit Eq ualization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Two Unit Eq ualization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Eq ualization Adjus tmen ts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Tech nical In form ation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
S pe cifica tions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Rad io Inform ation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Ma ximum a nd Minimum S e ttings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
S a ved S e ttings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Trouble s hooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
W hen in d oubt ! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Re s e t to De fault Fa ctory S e ttings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Ra dio P erformance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Time C onversion Ch arts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Frac tions to D ecim al . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
S e conds to Minute s a nd Hours . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
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Icons Us e d in this Ma nua l
N
Re a d the information following this icon. It s hows important notes a bout the
N
s ubject be ing dis cus s e d.
L
L
Follow this icon for more de ta iled informa tion on the s ubject in a nother s e ction.
ë
Find va lua ble tips and techniques with this icon.
ë
Refer to h ttp://www.p oc ketwiz ard.com / for upda te d information.
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Fe a ture s
Communication Technology
•
•
•
•
•
Fu ll Digital R adio C omm unic ation
Microproce s s or controlled
32 digitally coded channels
Com plex 16 or 2 4 bit c oded s ignal
S e lective Qua d-Trigge ring
Basic Features
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Bu ilt-in hot sh oe
1/4-20 fe ma le mounting thre ad
Bu ilt-in AC ad ap ter jac k (1 .8 m m )
Illum inated LC D pan el
Illumina te d s oft touch ke ypa d
Extende d batte ry life
Sync sp eeds up to 1 /250 with focal plane s hutter,1 /500 with leaf s hutter
Fas t Mod e sync s u p to 1/1 000 with c omp atible cam eras an d flas hes
Ad ju s tab le c on tac t c los u re tim e
Co mpa tib le with P o cketWiz ard Clas s ic , P lu s , a nd MAX
P rote cts ca mera s from high s ync volta ge
Cus tomizable a udible be ep s e ttings
W eighs less than 5 .5 oun ces with b atteries
Special Features
•
•
Tra ns ce iver Te chnology
True C onfirm ation
•
•
Q uad-T riggerin g C onfirm ation on all four z ones
Flas h C onfirm ation with O ptional C able on all four z ones
•
Trigge r Time Controlle r S oftwa re
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Re a r Curta in S ync
P rec ision D elays
Intervalometer
Mu ltipop
La g Time Mea s ureme nt
Mu ltiple Cam era Eq ualization
Sp eedC ycler
Re lay Mode
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P a rts De s igna tion
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LCD Informa tion
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Controls
P ower S witch
•
•
•
TR ANSMIT
RE CE IVE
OFF
Unit is powered on in
TR ANS MITTER (TX) mode
Unit is powered on in
REC EIVER (R X) mode
Unit is powered OFF
P ower S witch
Keypad
•
•
A B C D L Selec ts Q uad-T riggerin g Zones
a nd Loca l. Als o us ed in menu
na viga tion a nd num e ric e ntry
TEST
Triggers MultiMAX. P re s s to te s t
operation or to trigg er rem ote units
and/or attac hed c ameras /flash es
(Ba ck Light) Illumina te s LCD a nd
keypa d. Hold down for ke y lock
En ters or exits men u s ystem .
S tore s num be rs in nume ric e ntry
(Up / Down) Selec ts c hann els.
Als o us e d in num e ric e ntry
•
•
•
~/MENU
Keypad
•–
P O R T 1 / P O R T 2
•
CAMERA / P ORT 1 =
•
Inp ut from cam era s ync term inal,
e xternal trigger button, Fla s h
Confirma tion Ca ble, or othe r device
O utpu t to cam era motor d rive, flash, or
other device
•
•
FLAS H / P ORT 2 =
O utpu t to flash , cam era motor d rive, or
other device
•
P O RT 1 / P O RT 2 / S tatus LE D
S tatus LE D
Dis plays the following informa tion:
•
•
•
Blinking every few sec onds = power on, ready for trigger
Blinking in s ync with trigge r = normal trigge ring
S tead y =
•
•
c on tin u ou s ly trig g ered fro m ra dio , h ot sh oe , o r P O RT 1
p erform in g d elay or con tac t tim e
•
•
Slow blink every sec ond = performin g Intervalom eter or Mu lti-pop fu nc tion
Dark = p ower off or poor battery c ondition
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Ge tting S ta rte d
Battery Information
The MultiMAX re quire s two AA s ize (IEC: LR6)
batteries. T he MultiMAX will operate norm ally with
Nic kel Metal Hydride (N iMH ), Lithium Ion (Li), N ickel
Cad ium (NiCad ) and Alkaline batteries.
Alkaline batte rie s a re recomme nde d.
Ins erting Batteries
1.
2.
3.
Set p ower s witch to O FF pos ition
O pen b attery door
Ins ert fres h batteries noting c orrect orien tation
a s dis played in batte ry compa rtme nt
Clos e battery door
4.
5.
Use u nit n orm ally
N
Erratic un it beh avior or m alfu nc tion m ay occ ur if
batteries are in serted while the p ower s witch is s et to
e ithe r RE CE IVE or TRANS MIT. Alwa ys ma ke s ure
the power switch is set to O FF before c hang ing or
ins e rting batte ries .
Ba tte ry Compa rtme nt
Ba tte ry Life
The MultiMAX dis plays rema ining ba ttery life with a 3 s e gme nt ba ttery icon in the
u pp er left c orner of th e LC D:
3 s egm ents disp layed = batteries are fres h/new
2 s egm ents disp layed = batteries are good
Battery Ic on
1 s egm ent dis played = rep lace batteries soon
0 s egm ents dis played = ins tall fres h/n ew b atteries imm ediately
W ith on e set of s tand ard Alkaline b atteries the MultiMAX will operate for app roxim ately
150 hours . This time ma y vary de pending on tempe rature, batte ry type , a nd the
quality of batteries us ed. E xtensive us e of bac k light, s peaker, or extend ed trigg er
con tact tim es will cons um e the batteries at a faster rate.
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The MultiMAX continua lly re gulates the batte ry power which give s e xce lle nt
performan ce th rough out the life of th e batteries. T he un it will continu e to fun ction
normally until the ba tterie s a re nea rly exhaus te d.
N
The MultiMAX voltage reg ulation is very effic ient. T here is only a s m all bene fit
whe n us ing Lithium batte rie s . Lithium ba tte rie s a re des igned for the quick burs t high
curre nt draw found in ca me ras a nd portable flas h de vice s . Expect only a 10 - 20%
longer batte ry life (a pproxima te ) ove r Alka line ba tterie s when us ing Lithium ba tterie s .
ë
Re move ba tterie s from MultiMAX units in the following circums ta nce s to avoid dama ge
from le aking:
Exa mine batte rie s freque ntly to pre ve nt da ma ge from le aking ba ttery a cid.
•
•
•
If unit will not be us e d for a pe riod longe r tha n 2 we e ks
Du ring s hipp ing or air travel
In high heat environm ents
Lanyard
A lanyard is inc luded for hang ing eac h un it convenien tly on a light stan d, tripod , belt,
or other loca tion. If de s ire d, a ttach the included lanyard to the lanyard loop.
VELCRO® Bra nd Fa s te ne rs
VE LC R O ® adhes ive hook and loop fasteners are inc luded with the MultiMAX to
provide a c onvenient m eans of m ounting the un it in a variety of places .
Attac h as des ired being careful to not obs cu re con trols or func tion. R ecom men ded
mounting locations :
•
•
•
R ight sid e of th e un it
Left sid e of u nit
Be low 1/4-20 tripod mount
N
The ba ttery door is not a re comme nde d mounting loca tion.
14
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Care and M aintenance
To ens ure continued relia bility, ple as e follow the s e guidelines :
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Do n ot s u bjec t u nits to h ig h m ec h an ic al s h oc k (d o n ot d rop !)
Kee p u nit d ry. Do not im m ers e in an y liquid
S e t powe r s witch to OFF when not in us e
R em ove us ed b atteries prom ptly
Re move ba tterie s for travel or e xtende d s torage
Clean with s oft dry c loth
Ope ra ting te mpe ra ture : a bove -15/ (5/ F) a nd below 50/ C (120/ F)
Storag e temp erature withou t batteries
:
•
•
a bove -30/ C (-22/ F)
be low +85/ C (185/F).
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Quick S e tup - Ba sic Ra dio S la ve Ope ra tion
Basic Setup for Remote Flash
N
1.
Turn off all e quipme nt be fore ins ta lling batte ries or ma king connections !
Ins tall 2 AA ba tterie s in ea ch Mu ltiMAX
2.
Conne ct ca me ra to firs t MultiMAX:
a.
Slide u nit into cam era hot s hoe
- or-
b.
Us e sync cab le (inclu ded) to c onnec t cam era’s P C termin al to
C AMER A / P O R T 1
3.
4.
Co nn ec t fla sh to se co nd Mu ltiMAX
a. Us e fla sh c ab le to co nn ec t fla sh u nit’s s yn c te rmin al to FLAS H / P O RT 2
Turn both MultiMAX un its on
a.
b.
S e t powe r s witch on MultiMAX a tta che d to ca mera to TRAN S MIT m ode
S e t powe r s witch on MultiMAX a tta che d to fla s h to REC EIVE mode
5.
S e t both MultiMAX units to s ame cha nnel and Qua d-Triggering zone
a.
b.
Us e •– to s e t channe l (de fault is CH: 17)
Us e A B C D L to s e le ct Qua d-Triggering zone s
(defa ult is TRANS MIT = A B C D L, RECEIVE = A
6.
7.
Turn cam era and flash on
P res s TEST button on MultiMAX (s et for TRANS MIT mod e) and releas e.
Confirm remote flas h triggers .
You ’re all s et! Use the ca m era n orm ally.
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Triggering Multiple Flashes With M ultiple RECEIVE Units
Multiple re mote flas h units m a y be trigge re d in s ync with e ach othe r.
1.
2.
Ins tall batteries in each add itional MultiMAX un it
Us e flash cab le to conn ect eac h add itional flash u nit’s s ync term inal to
F LAS H / P O R T 2
3.
4.
S e t powe r s witch on ea ch a dditiona l MultiMAX unit to RECE IVE mode
Set all Mu ltiMAX un its to s am e ch ann el as T R AN SMIT un it
You ’re all s et! Use the ca m era n orm ally.
Connecting M ultiM AX (set for TRANSM IT mode) to Flash
A fla s h c a n be conne cte d to a MultiMAX (s e t for TRANS MIT mode ). It will trigge r in s ync
with th e remote flash u nits. T his flash is called the loc al flash and is us ually moun ted
on a cam era brac ket.
1.
2.
Us e a flash cab le to conn ect the flash u nit’s s ync term inal to FLASH / PO RT 2 of
the MultiMAX (s et for TRANS MIT mod e)
Us e the L key to enable or dis a ble the Local flas h
You ’re all s et! Use the ca m era n orm ally.
L
Us ing a loca l flas h this wa y prote cts the ca mera from high volta ges . S e e the
Specifications s e ction, P a ge 50, for more informa tion.
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Standard Radio Operation
Transceiver Control
The MultiMAX operates as either a tran sm itter or a receiver. To us e the MultiMAX as
a Tra ns mitter (s e nding device ) s e t the power s witch to TRANS MIT. To us e the
Mu ltiMAX as a Re c eive r s et th e p ower s witc h to RE CE IVE .
L
There is a s pec ial mode th at enables a Mu ltiMAX to autom atically switc h from
RE CE IVE to TR AN SMIT then b ack to R EC EIVE while triggering a remote c amera.
Read the Relay M ode s e ction, P a ge 40, for more informa tion.
Channels
The MultiMAX is a 3 2 c hann el digital radio slave. Eac h MultiMAX c hann el repres ents
a digital cod e trans mitted on sp ecific Poc ketW izard rad io frequ enc ies. This en ables
man y photographers to work in th e sam e area. It also enables a photographer to
control multiple re mote de vice s (c a me ra s , fla s h units , e tc).
A MultiMAX (s et for TRANS MIT mod e) will trigger an y num ber of MultiMAX un its (s et
for R EC EIVE m ode) s et to the sam e ch annel. Units s et to differen t ch annels will not
inte rfere with ea ch othe r.
From the m ain sc reen press the •– keys to cha nge channels .
Som e MultiMAX featu res are only availab le on h ighe r c han nels . R efer to the tab le
below for featu res / c han nels availab ility:
Features
Channels 1 - 16
Channels 17 - 32
Dig ital Radio S ignal
De lay including Re a r Curta in S ync
Intervalometer
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Mu ltipop
Re lay Mode
S e lective Qua d-Trigge ring
Confirma tion (Ra dio a nd Fla s h)
Fa s t Mode
Sp eedC ycler
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Compatibility
MultiMAX cha nne ls a re compa tible with all P ocke tW izard radio s lave products pe r the
table be low:
Digital Radio Model
M ultiM AX Compatible Channels
1-10
Poc ketW izard 10 C han nel C lass ic
Poc ketW izard 16 C han nel C lass ic
P ocke tW izard P lus
1-16
1-4
P o cketWiz ard MAX
1-16
17-32 Qua d-Trigge ring or Fa s t Mode
Sekon ic Digital Rad io Tran sm itter
1-16
Mo du le RT-3 2 (L3 58 , L6 08 , L6 08 CINE )
17-32 Qua d-Trigge ring
S e konic Digita l Ra dio Re ce ive r RR-4
S e konic Digital Ra dio Re ce iver RR-32
1-4
1-16
17-32 Qua d-Trigge ring or Fa s t Mode
Calu met R adio Eq uipp ed Turb o Filter
1-9
Th e digita l radio de s ign of the MultiMAX will e na ble it to be fully compa tible with future
P ocke tW iza rd products .
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Selective Quad-Triggering (A B C D keys)
This powerful fe ature is us e d to individually control up
to 4 sets of MultiMAX un its (s et for R EC EIVE m ode)
on the s ame c hann el. Eac h keypad letter, A B C D
re fers to a n individual zone . Ea ch zone ca n be
in d ep en d en tly s ele cted or de se le cted fro m a Mu ltiMAX
(s e t for TR ANS MIT m ode ).
TR AN SMIT un it
Cha nne l: 17
Follow the s te ps below to tes t Qua d-Trigge ring:
Zones : A, B, and Local
1.
2.
S e t one MultiMAX to TR ANS MIT mode
S e t up to 4 MultiMAX units to RECE IVE mode
(sam e ch annel as TRANS MIT unit)
3.
4.
Us ing the A B C D L keys s et ea ch RE CE IVE
unit to a diffe rent zone
O n the T RANS MIT unit us e the A B C D L keys
to se lect whic h zon es will trigg er. The zon e is
s e lecte d when the lette r is dis pla ye d on the LCD
sc reen. The zone is des elected when a d ot
a ppea rs where the le tter would be dis played.
R EC EIVE un it
Ch annel: 17 , Zone: A
5.
Pres s th e TES T key on the MultiMAX (s et for
TRANS MIT mod e) unit to trigg er the s elected
zones
An y n u mbe r o f Mu ltiMAX u nits (s et fo r RE CE IVE
mode ) ma y be s e t to the s a me cha nnel and zone, and
will trigge r s imulta neous ly. S e lective Qua d-Trigge ring
is only a vailable on cha nne ls 17 a nd highe r.
R EC EIVE un it
Ch annel: 17 , Zone: B
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C lass ic C han nels
C lass ic c han nels are c om patib le with early
Poc ketW izard m odels an d the P ocketW izard P lus.
Selec tive Q uad -Trigg ering is on ly available in
cha nnels 17 through 32. In cha nnels 1 through 16 the
dis pla y will s how CLAS S IC CHANNEL a nd zones A B
C D do not app ear. The A ke y s imply toggles the
re mote rece ive rs on or off a nd is dis pla ye d on the
ma in s cree n a s R. It is not pos s ible to toggle both the
remote (A ke y) a nd the loca l flas h (L ke y) off at the
sam e time wh en us ing a C LASS IC C HANN EL.
Ope ra tion on the s e channe ls is ide ntica l to the
function of the LOCAL / BOTH / REMOT E s witch
found on P ocketW iza rd P lus and Cla s s ic Tra ns mitters .
TRANS MIT unit s et to
CLAS S IC CH ANN EL 4
Rem ote and Loc al selected
L Key
O n any c hann el the L key toggles the local flas h on or off in a MultiMAX (s et for
TR ANS MIT m ode ).
L
See th e Connecting M ultiM AX (set for TRANSM IT mode) to Flash s e ction,
P a ge 17, for more information.
L
The L key toggle s Relay M ode when us ing a MultiMAX (s et for R EC EIVE m ode).
See th e Relay M ode s e ction, P a ge 40, for more informa tion.
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True Confirmation
Bec aus e the MultiMAX is a tru e trans ceiver it autom atically confirms triggerin g. It can
pe rform this on two leve ls : it confirms the round trip ra dio s igna l and ca n c onfirm
a ctual fla s h s ync with an optiona l flas h confirma tion ca ble . It does this for all Qua d-
Trigg ering zones on every trigge r. C onfirm ation is indic ated vis ually on th e m ain
s cree n a nd audibly us ing bee p modes .
L
For aud ible confirmation s ettings see the Beep Menu s e ction, P a ge 29.
R adio
Rad io confirmation is disp layed on TRANS MIT units in the A B C D area of the LCD .
An inve rte d le tter s hows an e rror. A norma l lette r s hows confirma tion.
Du ring n ormal op eration the dis play will show selec ted and active A B C D zones not
inverted . C onfirm ation will occ ur on every trigg er and only in th e event of an error will
the zone letters invert.
O ption al Flas h C onfirm ation C able
Us ing the flas h confirma tion ca ble the MultiMAX ca n confirm flas h s ync for a ll four
zones on every trigger.
1.
Atta ch fla sh c on firmatio n c ab le to P O RT 1 fo r e ac h Mu ltiMAX (s et fo r RE CE IVE
mod e)
2.
3.
Loc ate the s ens or s o that it c an on ly see th e flas h from the c orrec t flas h u nit
P res s the TES T button on a MultiMAX (s et for TRANS MIT mode ) to tes t flas h
confirma tion. Correct fla s h confirma tion is dis pla ye d on the ma in s cree n with a
flash icon to th e right of each z one performin g flas h c onfirm ation. In the event of
a n error (eithe r no fla s h wa s detecte d or the ra dio link wa s incomplete) the zone
le tte r a nd the fla s h icon will invert
A MultiMAX (s e t for TRANS MIT mode ) will look for REC EIVE units and confirm the
radio link afte r e ach of thes e operations :
•
•
•
•
•
Every trigg er
Power on or s witch from RE CE IVE to TR AN SMIT
Cha nne l cha nge
Zone cha nge (including L)
Exiting th e men u s ystem
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N
highe r. P ocke tW iza rd P lus , Cla s s ic, a nd the origina l MAX do not pe rform
confirma tion.
Confirma tion ca n only be pe rforme d us ing MultiMAX units on cha nnels 17 and
N
Tru e Co nfirmatio n is d es ig n ed to wo rk with o ne MultiMAX (s et fo r RE CE IVE
mod e) per zon e. Mu ltiple RE CE IVE units set to the s ame c hann el and zon e will not
in d ivid u ally c on firm an d may c au s e in c orre ct co nfirmatio n e rrors . If mu ltip le MultiMAX
units (s e t for RECE IVE mode ) on the s a me cha nnel and zone a re a mix of fla s h a nd
non-flas h confirma tion units then a ccurate flas h confirma tion will not be reporte d.
The following ta ble s hows how confirmation works in different modes :
M ultiMAX M ode
Radio and Flash Confirmation
A R EC EIVE un it us ing S elec tive
Qua d-Triggering
P rovides normal ra dio a nd / or fla s h
con firm ation
A RE CEIVE unit s e t to a De la y mode
A R E C EIVE un it s et to F AST MO DE
W ill not provide con firm ation
Con firm s on zone A only
A R EC EIVE u nit set to In tervalometer
or Mu ltipop
P rovide s ra dio confirma tion be fore
the firs t interval on ly
23
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Menu System
Navigation
Man y fun ctions of the MultiMAX are acc ess ed throu gh eas y-to-navigate m enus .
P res s ~/MENU to e nte r the me nu s ys te m. Menu ite ms a re s e le cted by us ing the
A B C D L keys .
W hile within th e men us the ~/MENU key pe rforms two functions :
•
•
If a me nu is dis pla ye d, pre s s ing ~/MENU return s you to th e main s creen
If a nume ric e ntry is dis pla ye d, pre s s ing ~/MENU stores the dis played nu mb er
in m emory an d proc eeds to either the next inp ut s creen or the m ain sc reen
de pending on mode
ë
In th e next ch apters m any of the head ing s will be followed b y ~/MENU an d s om e
letter com binations . Thes e are quic k referen ces for the keys to pres s to get to th at
fun ction fast.
LCD C ontra s t Adjus tme nt
W hile in any m enu, u se th e •– keys to adju st th e disp lay contras t.
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Num e ric Entry
S e vera l me nu items re quire a numbe r or va lue to be
e nte red. Nume ric e ntry is pe rforme d with A B C D
a nd •– keys. T he A B C D ke ys e a ch s elect a nd
a dd 1 to a s pecific digit a s follows :
A – selec ts an d add s 1 to the 4th digit from the righ t
B – selec ts an d add s 1 to the 3rd digit from the righ t
C – selec ts an d add s 1 to the 2nd digit from the righ t
D – selec ts an d add s 1 to the rightm ost d igit
O nc e a digit has been s elected, u se th e •– keys to
a djus t the numbe r. P re s s a nd hold •– for fas ter
entry.
E XAMP LE 1
Num e ric Entry
Numbe rs e ntere d in this fa s hion a re s a ve d when the
~/MENU key is pres sed and will remain s aved even
a fte r powe r is turned off. If the unit is powe re d off
while a nume ric e ntry s cree n is dis pla ye d, the
dis pla ye d numbe r will not be s a ve d.
L
The L key is n ot us ed for nu m eric entry. It is
us ed for Lag Time Measu rem ent an d is only
available in certain Delay modes . See the s ection
on Lag Time Measurement, P a ge 44, for more
informa tion.
ë
release the A key once (selec ts th e highes t digit)
then p ress and h old the – key.
To quickly get to the lowes t s e tting pres s a nd
E XAMP LE 2
Num e ric Entry
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Ma in Me nu
From the ma in s cree n pres s ~/MENU to e nte r the
Main Men u. P ress a letter to either proceed to another
me nu or perform a function pe r the lis t below.
A: Advanced Menu
–
~/MENU A
Ma in Menu
G o Ad vanced
P res s A to enter the Advanc ed Menu. T he Advanc ed
Menu con tains Delay mod es (inc ludin g R ear C urtain
S ync), Interva lometer, Multipop, a nd S pee dCycle r modes .
B: Basic Settings
–
~/MENU B
P res s B to e nte r the Ba s ic S e ttings me nu. It contains Conta ct time and Be e p me nu.
C: Counter Menu
–
~/MENU C
P res s C to e nte r the Trigge r Counter Me nu which contains Counte r dire ction, and
othe r counter functions : Re s et / Cle ar, Dis a ble , a nd Loa d.
D: Go Advanced
D: Go Normal
–
~/MENU D
–
~/MENU D
P res s D to toggle be twe en the las t Advance d mode
us ed and Normal m ode.
This func tion enables a quic k return to stand ard or
normal ope ration from a n a dva nce d function.
The s e ttings of the a dva nce d function are s aved.
Ma in Menu
G o Normal
ë
a dva nce d functions a nd me nus . Us e this function to “turn off” a n a dva nce d mode and
us e the MultiMAX as a rad io s lave on ly.
Go Norma l is a quick way to get to s tanda rd ra dio s la ve ope ration after us ing
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Ba s ic S e ttings
P res s ~/MENU B to e nte r the Ba s ic S e ttings me nu.
P res s the corre s ponding le tter for the s e tting you wis h
to adjus t.
A: Contact Time
–
~/MENU B A
Ba s ic S e ttings Me nu
Con tact tim e is the leng th of tim e that C AMER A / P O RT 1 or F LASH /PO RT 2 outp uts
re ma in conta cte d. The de fa ult Conta ct Time of 0.12 is e nough to trigge r mos t ca m e ra
motor drive s a nd fla s he s . Ma ny photogra phe rs will ne ve r ne e d to adjus t this num be r.
N
C ontac t tim e is h ow lon g th e intern al switch is h eld
clos ed. For exam ple, if the c ontact tim e is s et to 3
sec onds and a c amera m otor drive is attac hed to a
MultiMAX, wh en th e MultiMAX trigg ers the c am era it
will hold the c ontact for 3 s econ ds . This is identic al to
pre s s ing a nd holding the ca me ra ’s trigge r button for 3
s e conds . The contact time s ta rts a s s oon a s a ny input
is comple te . Input ca n be from any of the following
sou rces : TEST bu tton is pres sed , hot s hoe is
trigge red, or radio trigge r is rece ive d.
Set C ontact T ime S creen
N
C ontac t tim e is N O T the len gth of tim e a MultiMAX (s et for TR AN SMIT mo de) will
s e nd a ra dio trigge ring s ignal. Contact time a ffects P OR T 1 a nd P OR T 2 only a nd
does not affe ct ra dio trigge r trans mis s ion. P re s s ing and holding TEST o n a MultiMAX
(s e t for TRANS MIT m ode) will continuous ly s end the ra dio trigge r s ignal and hold the
contact on a MultiMAX (s e t for RECE IVE) a s well a s the TR ANS MIT unit. W he n the
TEST button is re le as e d e ach unit’s conta ct time will then be gin.
N
Additiona l triggers occurring during conta ct time are ignored. The de fa ult contact
tim e is 0 .1 2 s ec on ds whic h trig gers all c am eras an d flas h un its. A s horter con tac t tim e
allows for more triggers per s econ d bu t may not trig ger s ome m otor driven c ameras
be ca us e it’s too fas t. The defa ult s e tting of 0.12 a llows for 8 trigge rs per s e cond. The
ma ximum of 30 trigge rs per s e cond ca n be obta ine d by s e tting contact time to 0.01
s e conds .
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For trigg ering rem ote c am eras , a long er c ontac t tim e allows for c ontin uou s repeatab le
motor d rive triggering (examp le: 5 fram e burs ts every trigger). It also allows for
con trolled bulb exposu re.
•
Example of Burst Shooting: If a rem ote cam era is c apable of firing 3 frames
per s econ d in c ontin uou s m otor d rive, then a con tact time of 1 sec ond will
always res ult in this remote c amera trig gering for 3 exp osu res
•
Example of Bulb / Shutter Held Open: Set the c ontact tim e for the d esired
bulb expos ure time and s e t the ca mera to bulb or B mode. W he n trigge red the
s h utter will rem ain op en for th e c on tac t tim e
For trig gering a remote flash c ontact tim e can ac t as a flas h rec ycle lockou t.
•
Example of Flash Recycle Lockout: To guara nte e that a flas h ca nnot be
triggered fas ter then its recyc le time, set th e contac t time to be jus t longer than
the rec yc le tim e
L
Th is m ethod of flas h rec yc le loc kou t d oes n ot work with all flas h sys tem s as s om e
will not recyc le while the s ync c ontact is held. S ee Recycle Lockout in the
Applications of Advanced Functions s e ction, P a ge 42, for a nother recycle lockout
me thod.
L
If you are us ing Intervalometer or M ultipop mode s , re ad thes e s e ctions , P age 36
and P age 37 , for information on thes e mod es and how th ey interact with C ontact T ime.
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B: Beep Menu
–
~/MENU B B
This m enu c ontrols th e beep func tions of a Mu ltiMAX.
Pres s th e corres pond ing letter to set th e desired
func tion of the built-in s pe a ke r.
A: Bee p on All
–
~/MENU B B A
Mu ltiMAX will beep on all triggering, c onfirm ation
errors , and zero coun ts as indic ated below as well as
on any ke y pre s s ed.
Be e p Me nu
B: Beep on Trigger
–
~/MENU B B B
Unit will bee p when trig gered b y TEST button , PO RT 1, a R adio Trigger, or th e Hot
S hoe in the following ma nne r:
Beep Characteristic
Sin gle Sh ort Beep
Indicates
Indic ates P roper C onfirm ation
Indic ates T rigger E rror
W hen an y Key is p ress ed
Sin gle Long Beep
Sin gle Very Short Beep
C: B eep on Zero / Error
–
~/MENU B B C
The MultiMAX un it will not b eep on norm al trigg ering . The MultiMAX will beep only
when the cou nter reac hes zero and on c onfirm ation errors in the followin g m anner:
Beep Characteristic
Indicates
Sin gle Long Beep
Ind ic ates Trig g er Con firmatio n e rror or re mote Mu ltiMAX
(unit s e t for RECEIVE m ode) ha s re ache d zero count
Dou ble Long Beep
Sin gle Sh ort Beep
Indica tes MultiMAX ha s re ache d zero count
An y Key is p ress ed excep t TEST
L
A MultiMAX (s et for R EC EIVE m ode) s et to Beep on Zero / Error
or set to Beep on
All will indicate a c onfirm ation error if the u nit is als o set to c ount d own an d the c ounter
reach es zero. S ee the Counter s e ction, P a ge 30, for more informa tion.
D: Be ep Disab le
–
~/MENU B B
Turns off a ll bee p functions . Unit will not bee p.
29
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Counte r Me nu
P res s ~/MENU C e nte r the Counte r Menu. This me nu
controls the counter functions of the MultiMAX. The
cou nter c an s how th e total num ber of trig gers . It can
also c oun t up or down from a set valu e. C oun t is
incremen ted on every trigger from any sou rce:
Counter Me nu
PO RT 1, TEST button , Hot S hoe, or R adio Trigger.
A: C ount U p + R eset
–
~/MENU C A
Count is s e t to COU NT UP (e xample : 0,1,2,3,...) and
the c ounter is reset to 0. T he m ain sc reen will dis play
C O UNT m: 0.
B: C ount D own + Res et
–
~/MENU C B
TRANS MIT unit s et to
C ou nt Up
Cou nt direc tion is s et to DO W N (example: 1 0,9,8 ,7,...)
a nd the counter is re s e t to the loa d counter va lue . The
m ain s creen will d isp lay C O UNT o: XXXX
(XXXX = loa d value )
ë
The count down function could be us ed to indica te the numbe r of re maining
fram es for a remote c amera.
30
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C: C lear / Res et
–
~/MENU C C
Cou nt direc tion is not c hang ed. C ounter is reset to 0 if cou nt direc tion is s et to up, or
the c oun ter is res et to the load value if c oun t direc tion is set to down. If the c oun ter is
disab led, then th is fu nc tion will enable the c ounter u sing the last c ount d irection s et.
The Counter is cle are d and res e t in this fa s hion whe n the unit is powe re d down.
ë
Us e ~ C C as an eas y to remem ber qu ick key c omb ination for fast c ounter res et.
D: Disab le
–
~/MENU C D
Counter is dis a ble d and is not dis played on the ma in s cre en. W hile dis a ble d the
cou nter does not cou nt.
L: Load
–
~/MENU C L
Ena ble s cus tom s e tting of the load count value
(des ired nu mb er to start th e coun t from , whic h is th en
loa ded into the MultiMAX computer me mory). The
default value is 3 6. Maximu m value fo r the c oun ter is
9999.
Loading a coun ter value while the c ounter is enabled
will s et the ma in s cre en count to that va lue and
cou nting will contin ue in the las t direction set
(UP or DO W N).
Load C ounter S creen
N
functions . S etting a count in e ither of the s e functions a ls o s e ts the load count value
for normal c ounter op eration.
The load c ounter value is sh ared with the Intervalometer a nd M ultipop
31
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Adva nce d Me nu
P res s ~/MENU A to enter the Advan ced Me nu . This
me nu conta ins the advance d functions of the
MultiMAX. P re cis ion timing a nd s e quencing
opera tions a re a va ilable in this me nu.
R EC EIVE un it
Advance d Me nu
L
P res s ~/MENU D to ca nce l a dva nce d functions
a nd re turn to normal mode. S e e the s e ction on
D:Go Advanced a nd D:Go Normal, Pag e 26..
A: Delay Menu - TRANSMITTER
–
~/MENU A A
En ters th e delay menu for MultiMAX un its (s et for
TRANS MIT mod e).
L
De lay me nus , with the e xce ption of Re a r Curta in,
require n um eric entry. See the Numeric Entry s e ction,
TR AN SMIT un it
Advance d Me nu
P a ge 25.
ë
All de la y s cre e ns (nume ric e ntry or rea r curtain)
are ins tantly ac tive and trigg ering can occ ur while
thes e sc reens are disp layed. A value dis played on
thes e sc reens will be us ed im med iately on trigger.
This is us eful for fine tu ning a delay or adjus ting rear
curta in s ync.
L
The m aximum delay is 6.4 sec onds . For long er
delays s ee the Intervalometer s e ction, P a ge 36.
TR AN SMIT un it
De lay Me nu
A: R em otes + P O R T 2
–
~/MENU A A A
En ters th e num eric entry sc reen. Delays the rem ote
units a nd P O RT 2. Re mote units a nd P O RT 2 will fire
a t the sa me time afte r the dis p la ye d d ela y. P O RT 2
will re ma in contacte d for the s e t contact time . On the
ma in dis pla y a s m a ll le tte r D will appe ar ove r the right
of the large L to s how that the Loca l output (P ORT 2)
will be de la ye d. P re s s ing L will toggle the Loc al
outp ut (P O R T 2) on and off, bu t the s m all D will
re ma in.
TR AN SMIT un it
Rem otes + PO RT 2 delayed
32
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B: R em otes O nly
–
~/MENU A A B
En ters the n um eric entry s creen. D elays th e R adio rem ote un its on ly. PO R T 2 will
trigger imme dia te ly. Re mote units will trigger afte r the dis played delay. If the conta ct
tim e for the MultiMAX (s et for TR AN SMIT mo de) is long er tha n th e delay, P O R T 2 will
remain con tacted for the delay time rath er than th e contac t time.
C : R ear C urtain
–
~/MENU A A C
En ters th e Rear C urtain s creen . Us e this m ode to
trigger th e flash at the end of an expos ure rather than
at the begin ning . In this mod e both th e Rad io remote
trigge r a nd P ORT 2 a re de la ye d.
Us e the •– keys to s et the rear cu rtain s yn c tim e
equal to the c amera’s sh utter s peed. C omm on rear
curta in s ync time s a re availa ble per the ta ble below:
Rear Cu rtain S creen
Rear Curtain
Sync Time
Decimal
Actual Delay
Equivalent
Used
1/1
½
1 s e cond
0.98 s econds
0.49 s econds
0.24 s econds
0.119 s econds
0.062 s econds
0.029 s econds
0.014 s econds
0.5 s e conds
¼
0.25 s econds
0.125 s econds
0.0667 s econds
0.0333 s econds
0.0167 s econds
1/8
1/15
1/30
1/60
L
For re ar curtain s ync time s othe r tha n the one s dis played a bove, or for fine tuning
rea r curta in times for your s pecific equipme nt, pres s ~/MENU to retu rn to the m ain
s cree n. P re s s ~/MENU A A A (s e e the s e ction A:Delay R em otes + P O R T 2
,
P a ge 32) a nd adjus t the de la y numbe r as ne e ded.
33
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A: Delay Menu - RECEIVER
–
~/MENU A A
En ters th e delay menu for a MultiMAX (s et for
RE CE IVE mod e). Eac h R EC EIVE u nit can have its
own d elay for seq uenc es or for sync hronization . To
e as ily de la y a ll RECEIVE units the s a me a mount, us e
the Tran sm itter’s d elay.
R EC EIVE un it
De lay Me nu
N RE CE IVE un its s e t to dela y do not pe rform
confirma tion.
A: P O R T 1 + PO R T 2
–
~/MENU A A A
Ente rs the nume ric e ntry s cree n. P OR T 1 a nd
PO RT 2 are delayed the s ame am ount an d trigg er
sim ultaneous ly after the set d elay time. Both ports
re ma in conta cte d for the s e t conta ct time . Trigge rs
can com e from either the TEST key or a radio trigger
from any P ocketW izard Trans m itter. O n th e m ain
dis pla y a s m a ll le tte r D will appear to den ote that
P O RT 2 will be de la ye d.
R EC EIVE un it
PO RT 1 + P O RT 2 delayed
L
P re s s ing L will toggle Relay M ode on and off but P OR T 2 will s till trigge r a fte r the
set d elay. See the Relay M ode s e ction, P a ge 40, for more informa tion.
B: P O R T 2
–
~/MENU A A B
Ente rs the nume ric e ntry s cree n. P OR T 1 trigge rs imme diately upon pre s s ing TEST
ke y or Ra dio Trigge r. P O RT 1 conta ct is he ld for the s e t de la y time . P OR T 2 trigge rs
after the s et delay time and con tact is held for the set c ontact tim e.
34
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C: E qua lize
–
~/MENU A A C
Equa lize Mode is a s pe cia lized de la y mode for s ynchronizing multiple ca me ras to one
flas h . Th is m od e is d es ig ned to work with s h utter sp eed s up to 1 /1 25 on s om e
ca me ras , but the re a re ma ny fa ctors that could a ffect opera tion.
L
Read the Camera Equalization s e ction, P a ge 43 , before continuing.
E q u aliz e mo de is d es ig n ed to be us ed with a t le as t 3 Mu ltiMAX u nits (s et in RE CE IVE
mo de ). Two or more Mu ltiMAX u nits will b e a ttac h ed to ca meras an d on e Mu ltiMAX
will b e attac hed to a flas h u nit. A MultiMAX or oth er Poc ketW iz ard TR ANS MITTE R
will b e u s ed to trig ger th e s ys tem .
1.
2.
3.
P lace a MultiMAX (s et to RECEIVE mode) on the ca mera hot s hoe or a ttach
c ab le from c am era’s P C termin al to P O R T 1
Attac h c able from PO RT 2 to cam era’s m otor drive. If available, use a
Pre-Trigger c able (m ore inform ation in the Camera Equalization s e ction).
If the E qualize S creen is not d isplayed th en
pres s ~/MENU A A A from the m ain sc reen to
enter Eq ualize Mode. T his enters th e nu m eric
entry sc reen and 0.15 00 s econ ds are disp layed
Pres s th e L ke y. The ca mera s hould trigge r a nd
a la g time (ca me ra trigge ring de la y) will be
4.
me as ured and dis pla ye d. P re s s L every few
s e conds for 5 to 15 e xpos ures until you s e e the
fas test lag tim e (lowest n um ber dis played) for
the ca me ra
Eq ualize Sc reen
5.
6.
Pres s th e ~/MENU key to retu rn to the m ain
sc reen. A delay value will be disp layed. Th is nu mb er is a c alculated n um ber
and will differ from th e lag time you s aw on th e previous sc reen
Re pe at step s 1 throu g h 5 for ea ch c ame ra to be eq u aliz ed . Us e on e Mu ltiMAX
(set for R EC EIVE m ode) per c amera.
7.
8.
Attac h a MultiMAX (s et for R EC EIVE m ode) to a flas h un it.
From the ma in s cree n pres s ~/MENU A A C. W hen th e num eric entry sc reen
a ppea rs with 0.1500 dis pla ye d, s imply pres s ~/MENU to retu rn to the m ain
s cree n. Do not adjus t the number and do NOT pres s L. The m ain s creen will
s how a delay of 0.1500
9.
P res s TEST on any P ocketW izard T rans mitter to trigg er this eq ualized s ystem
35
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B: Intervalometer (Time Lapse Photography)
–
~/MENU A B
En ters th e Intervalometer interval s etting s creen .
Inte rva lome te r ca n be us e d to trigge r a fla s h or a
cam era at a set interval (time g ap between trigg ers) for
a set nu m ber of trigg ers . The in terval tim e is s et in
one s e cond incre me nts up to 64000 s e conds for a
maxim um of 99 99 trig gers .
1.
From the ma in s cree n pres s ~/MENU A B to
enter the n um eric entry sc reen
Inte rva lome te r Mode
Set In terval Sc reen
2.
3.
4.
5.
Ente r the interva l or time ga p be twe e n trigge rs
P res s ~/MENU to proc eed to the next s creen
Ente r the count or numbe r of trigge rs
P res s ~/MENU to return to th e main s creen .
The in terval will b e dis played, and the c oun t will
s how the numbe r of trigge rs to be e xe cuted.
P res s TEST or trigger MultiMAX via Rad io to
begin in tervalometer fu nc tion
6.
Inte rva lome te r has two mode s of ope ration depe nding
on which P O RT is us e d:
TR AN SMIT un it
120 sec ond In terval
36 trigge r Count
•
•
P O R T 1 = first trig ger takes plac e AF TER
firs t interval
P O RT 2 = firs t trig g er ta ke s p la ce BEFO RE
firs t interval
N
A MultiMAX (s et for TRANS MIT mode ) doe s not s e nd inte rval ra dio triggers .
The MultiMAX (s et for TRANS MIT mod e) will sen d out a s ingle radio trigg er puls e at
the beg inning of the first interval only. It will con tinue to trigg er devices attached to its
PO RT s, b ut it will not sen d a radio trigg er for any m ore intervals. F or rem ote interval
o pe ra tio n, us e in te rva l mo de on a RE CE IVE un it. E ac h Mu ltiMAX (s et fo r RE CE IVE
mode) may ha ve a unique interva l s e tting or can be us ed with e qual s ettings .
Interval an d c oun t entry s creens a re in stantly ac tive
The S et Interval and Adjus t Cou nter s creen s are ins tantly active. W hile the S et Interval
sc reen is d isplayed a c hang e of interval will be imm ediately executed u pon trig ger
either from the TEST key or Rad io trigger. The c ount u sed will be the last c ount s et.
If th e Ad jus t C oun ter s creen is dis played a ch ang e of c oun t will be im m ediately
executed upon trigger u sing the last interval s et.
ë
Intervalometer c an be interrupted by pres sing and h olding th e ~/MENU key.
36
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ë
For delays longer than the 6.4 s econds (maximum a va ilable in delay modes ) us e
Inte rva lome te r or Multipop mode . S e t the interva l to the de s ire d de la y. S e t the count
to 1. Attac h your cam era to P O R T 1 an d trig ger th e MultiMAX . The c am era will
trigg er after the set in terval.
N
Contact time a ffects Inte rva lome te r mode . If the conta ct time is les s tha n one
s e cond the n Interva lome te r will function norma lly. If the contact time is longer than 1
sec ond th en the s et interval increas es p er this formu la: Con tact T ime P LUS In terval
time MINUS 1 s e cond. Exa mple : If the Conta ct Time is s e t to 3 s e conds and the
Inte rva l is s e t to 5 s e conds , the actua l interva l will be 7 s e conds (3+5-1=7 ).
L
W hen u sing Intervalometer an d R elay Mode togeth er, a Mu ltiMAX (s et for
RECEIVE mode) will s witch to Tra ns mit mode a nd s end a Ra dio trigger afte r the la s t
interval. See the Relay M ode sec tion, Pag e 40, for more inform ation
C: Multipop
–
~/MENU A C
Ente rs the Multipop interva l s e tting s cree n. This mode
is for triggerin g a flas h m ultiple times from one trigg er.
It ca n be us ed during one long expos ure to increa s e
de pth of fie ld or for s pecia l e ffect s e quencing. The
interva l s e tting is normally us e d to s e t a s afe fla s h
recyc ling tim e, while the c ount is set to the n um ber of
flas he s or “pops ” de s ire d.
Mu ltipop is iden tical in fu nc tion to Intervalometer with
one excep tion: the m ultipop interval range has finer
re s olution; from 0.01 to 640.00 s econds in 0.01 (1/100)
sec ond inc remen ts. T his allows for fin er con trol when
setting flash recyc le time. This m ode can be us ed for
cam eras or flash u nits.
Multi-pop Mode
Set In terval Sc reen
1.
From the ma in s cree n pres s ~/MENU A C to
e nte r the nume ric entry s cre e n
2.
3.
4.
5.
Ente r the interva l or time ga p be twe e n trigge rs
P res s ~/MENU to proc eed to the next s creen
Ente r the count or numbe r of trigge rs
P res s ~/MENU to return to th e main s creen .
The in terval will b e dis played, and the c oun t will
sh ow the n um ber of trig gers to be executed
Pres s th e TEST key or trig ger th e MultiMAX via
Rad io to begin Multipop func tion
TR AN SMIT Unit
5.00 sec ond Multi-pop In terval
10 trigge r Count
6.
37
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The following chart is a s tarting point for ca lculating how the numbe r of fla s he s or pops
affec ts F -stop s. S ince every flas h un it is different, us e a light m eter or other m ethod
for more precis e ca lcula tions .
Numbe r of P ops
S tops
Numbe r of P ops
S tops
1
2
3
4
Add 0 s tops
Ad d 1 s top
Add 1.5 s tops
Add 2 s tops
6
8
Add 2.5 s tops
Add 3 s tops
Add 3.5 s tops
Add 4 s tops
12
16
N
Con tact tim e is affected b y Mu ltipop m ode. If the c ontact tim e is s et greater than
the Multipop interval, the contac t time will automatically be s et to interval time MIN US
0.01 sec onds . This m eans that a rem ote cam era or flash will remain triggered with
only a 1/100 s econd relea s e betwee n conta cts . This s hort re le as e d time ma y not be
long e nough to re -trigge r s ome ca me ra s or flas h units . If this is the cas e , s et the
conta ct time lowe r.
D: SpeedCycler - TRANSMITTER
–
~/MENU A D
En ables Sp eedC ycler m ode. U se th is m ode to rapid ly
cyc le throug h rem ote flash units and trig ger fas ter than
a sing le flash can recyc le by usin g m ultiple flash units .
It can als o be us ed for trig gering remote c ameras
se qu entially.
TR AN SMIT un it
S pe e dCycle r Mode
A = triggered with fla s h
con firm ation
This mo de on ly works with Q uad Trigg ering ch ann els
(17 an d hig h er) a nd two o r mo re MAX o r Mu ltiMAX
units (s e t for RE CE IVE m ode ).
B = next zone to be trig gered
1.
From the ma in s cree n pres s ~/MENU A D to
enable S peedC ycler m ode on a MultiMAX (s et for TRANS MIT mod e)
En able two or m ore rem ote zones
2.
3.
4.
S e t ea ch MultiMAX (s e t for RECEIVE m ode) to a diffe rent zone
Trigger the MultiMAX (s e t for TRANS MIT mode ). The firs t trigger will fire the
firs t zone s e le cted, the s e cond trigge r will fire the next zone s e le cted. The
dis pla y indica te s the next zone to trigger with a n a rrow. Only the zone jus t
trigge red will dis play proper confirma tion
N
If L is s electe d th en P O R T 2 on the MultiMAX (s et for TR AN SMIT mo de) will
trigger every tim e and is not cyc led. It will be in s ync with each cyc led zone.
38
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D: Fast Mode - RECEIVER
–
~/MENU A D
The MultiMAX is des igned to s ync came ra s and fla s h
units at shu tters s peeds up to 1 /250 th for m ost focal
plane s hutters (35m m) and 1 /500 th for m ost leaf
s hutte rs . S ome c a me ra a nd fla s h combina tions a re
ca pa ble of fa s t s ync s pe e ds up to 1/1000th. The
Mu ltiMAX (s et for R EC EIVE m ode) is c apable of
opera tion a t thes e s pe eds in Fast Mode. Che ck your
ca me ra’s and flas h unit’s ma nuals for the ma ximum
sync sp eeds allowed by your eq uipm ent.
R EC EIVE un it
Fa s t Mode
A MultiMAX (s e t for RECE IVE mode ) in fa s t mode will s how FAS T MOD E on the
dis pla y. W hile in this mode Qua d-Trigge ring a nd Re la y Mode are not availa ble and
the A B C D L keys p erform no fu nc tion on a R EC EIVE u nit. A MultiMAX (s et for
TR ANS MIT mode ) will trigge r REC EIVE units in FAS T MO DE with any re mote zone
selec ted, bu t will perform con firm ation only on zone A.
Othe r Fe a ture s
Keypad Lock
–
Hold
This func tion prevents inadvertent key p ress es. P ress and h old the
s e conds to toggle keypad lock on or off.
ke y for 3
All keys are locked except
a nd TEST.
W hile the keypad is locked pres sing any of the keys , A B C D L •– or ~/MENU will
disp lay the mes sag e “KE YP AD LO CKED .”
High Voltage Protection
Ma ny electronic ca me ra s ca n be da ma ged by high flas h s ync volta ge. Re fer to your
ca me ra’s ma nual for more informa tion. The MultiMAX protects the ca me ra from high
flas h s ync volta ge. The MultiMAX ca n acce pt up to 250 volts , but there is only a s a fe
3.3 volts p resen t at the hot s hoe or P O RT 1. A cam era triggerin g a MultiMAX (s et for
TR ANS MIT mode ) via the hot s hoe or P OR T 1 only e ncounters 3.3 volts . This voltage
is not MultiMAX battery dep enden t and will not vary over the life of th e batteries.
L
See the H ot sh oe notes in the Specifications sec tion, Pag e 50 an d P age 51 , for
more in form ation
39
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Relay Mode (RECEIVE Mode Only) – L
In th is m ode a re m ote c am era’s mo tor drive is
trigge red by a MultiMAX (s e t for RECE IVE mode ). The
MultiMAX the n s witche s to TRAN S MIT m ode a nd
wa its for a s ync puls e from the ca mera . Upon ge tting
the s ync puls e from the ca m e ra the unit the n trigge rs
remo te fla sh u nits via ra dio an d re tu rn s to RE CE IVE
m ode, ready to trigge r the c am era aga in. Usin g th is
mode it is pos s ible , us ing only 3 P ocke tW iza rd units ,
to ha ve comple te wire le s s trigge ring.
REC EIVE unit in Re lay Mode
Rec eives C hann el 22, Zone A
Tra ns mits Cha nnel 20
1.
2.
3.
4.
S e t a MultiMAX to TRAN S MIT m ode a nd s elect the cha nnel and zones for the
remote flash u nits
Set th e sam e Mu ltiMAX to R EC EIVE m ode and selec t the ch annel and zone for
the re mote ca mera. Us e a different channel then the remote flas h units .
P res s L to togg le R elay Mod e on. T he s creen will disp lay RLY XX (wh ere XX is
the TR ANS MIT ch ann el to b e us ed for re lay)
Conne ct the ca mera ’s P C terminal to P ORT 1 or a ttach the MultiMAX to the
cam era’s hot s hoe
5.
6.
Co nn ec t the ca mera’s motor drive to P O RT 2
Trigger the MultiMAX via ra dio trigge r. The ca me ra’s motor drive will trigge r a nd
the MultiMAX dis play will c han ge to T R AN SMIT mo de. T he MultiMAX will wait
1.5 sec ond s for a trig ger from the c am era. If it gets a trigg er in th at tim e it will
trigger th e remote flash u nits an d return to R EC EIVE m ode. If it does not get a
trigger in that time it will return to R EC EIVE m ode withou t triggerin g the rem ote
units .
Software Version Display
–
Hold A on powe r up
To c he ck the s oftwa re vers ion of the MultiMAX without res e tting the unit to fa ctory
de faults , pe rform the following
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
S e t powe r s witch to OFF
P re s s a nd hold A key
Continue to hold A and s et the power switch to either R EC EIVE or T RANS MIT
Releas e A ke y whe n s oftwa re ve rs ion a ppe ars
Use u nit n orm ally
L
See the Reset to Default Factory Settings s e ction, P a ge 53, for more
informa tion.
40
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Applica tions of Adva nce d Functions
The a pplica tions be low are unique wa ys to us e the a dva nce d functions of the
MultiMAX. Ma ny of them re quire fine -tuning or a djus tme nt to work with differe nt
cam era equip men t. Always perform tes t exposu res to ins ure reliable res ults.
Self-Timer or Cable Release
De la ys , or Inte rva lome te r a nd Multipop with a count of 1, ca n be us e d a s a ca m e ra
time r for s elf portra its or as a trigger delay to re duce came ra s ha ke . Re view Delay,
Intervalometer a nd M ultipop s e ctions for more informa tion.
TTL / Auto flash Helper
W hen us ing an on-came ra TTL fla s h or Automatic e xpos ure fla s h with a re mote fla s h
there m ay be situations where you do not want the rem ote flash to affec t the TTL or
Auto fla s h s e ns or. The on-ca me ra fla s h ca n undere xpos e by que nching e arly (turning
off too so on) b ecau se it m easu red th e light from the rem ote flas h. T he reverse of this
can also be u ndes irable. If the rem ote flash is in Autom atic m ode, it may qu enc h too
e arly beca us e it s e ns ed the light from the on ca mera fla s h.
Us ing Delay mode c an help s olve this prob lem. F ollow the step s b elow if us ing a T TL
or Au tomatic flash attached direc tly to the cam era:
1.
Attac h the c amera’s PC termin al to PO RT 1 on a MultiMAX (s et for TRANS MIT
mod e)
2.
3.
Attac h m anual or Autom atic flas h to MultiMAX (s et for R EC EIVE m ode)
On the MultiMAX (s et for TRANS MIT mode ) pres s ~/MENU A A B to e nte r the
set d elay screen
4.
5.
Ente r in a de la y of 0.0020 (1/500)
Trigg er the cam era norm ally
The on -c am era flas h will trigg er im m ediately an d h ave enou gh time to com plete its fu ll
expos ure. After the s et delay tim e the re m ote flas h will trigg er. This operation is
de pende nt on ca mera s ync s pe e d and flas h dura tion. The delay time of 0.0020
(1/500) will work with a foca l plane s hutter (35mm ca me ra) a t 1/125 s hutter s pe ed a nd
a fla s h duration not longer than 1/400.
41
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Us e the form ula below to help calc ulate your m aximum safe sh utter s peed b ased on
your flas h dura tions .
L
Refer to the Time Conversion C harts sec tion, Pag e 55, to c onvert frac tions in to
dec imals for the formu la.
1.
2.
Add your maximum (longes t) fla s h dura tions toge ther (decimals , not fractions )
Ad d anoth er 0.00 2 (focal plane) or 0.00 1 (leaf s hutter) to com pens ate for s hutter
travel time
3.
4.
O n the Shutter Speed Conversion ch art find the next high est d ecim al num ber
in the c hart. The c orresp onding sh utter s peed is the fas test s peed you c an
s a fe ly us e for this proce dure
S et the d elay tim e on th e Mu ltiMAX (s et for TR ANS MIT m od e) to th e s am e
num ber as your on-c amera flash u nit’s long est flash d uration
Programmed sequence shooting
Traveling strobos cop ic effects can be ach ieved by us ing m ultiple Mu ltiMAX un its (s et
for RECEIVE m ode) in de la y mode . S e t ea ch RECE IVE unit to a diffe rent delay and
trigger from a P ocketW izard. The s equen ce is identic al on repeat trigg ers.
Recycle Lockout
S ome fla s h un its ca n be da ma ge d if the y are trigge re d too quickly or be fore they a re
fully recharged. This may caus e the flas h to overhea t. Us e Multipop Mode to protect
the flas h by s e tting a s a fe recycle lockout time. Follow the s te ps below:
1.
2.
3.
4.
On a MultiMAX (s et for RECEIVE mode) pre s s ~/MENU A C
Enter the des ire d recycle lockout time a nd pre s s ~/MENU
Enter a count of 1 and pre s s ~/MENU
Attac h rem ote flas h to P O R T 2
Exam ple: If the loc kout time you en tered was 3 s econ ds , then the rem ote flas h c ould
not be triggered more than once e ve ry 3 s e conds .
42
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Camera Equalization
Eq ualization, or syn ch ronizing mu ltiple cam eras to th e sam e flash , requires prec ision
timing . Even th ough we perc eive camera triggering activity as ins tantaneous , it is not.
Even th e flash , whic h app ears to p rovide light only for an instan t, has a tim e duration
(fla s h dura tion) that ne eds to be fa ctore d into s ynchronization ca lcula tions .
Every c amera h as a delay from the time it is triggered until the s hutter is fully open.
The trig ger ca n origin ate from either th e c am era’s trig ger bu tton or via th e m otor d rive
port. This delay is ca lle d la g time and it ca n be differe nt from ca me ra to ca mera and
ma y e ven va ry be twe e n two ca me ra s of the exa ct s a me mode l. If two ca me ra s a re
triggered at exactly the sam e time their s hutters will be open at d ifferen t mom ents . If
one cam era is attac hed to a flas h, the other cam era’s s hutter will probably not be op en
a t the right mome nt to ca pture the fla s h.
S ome ca meras a re not s uitable for e qualization. For bes t equalization a came ra mus t
have a con sis tent lag tim e. If a cam era’s lag tim e varies widely or un predic tably from
sh ot to shot th en it may n ot be pos sible to s ynch ronize that c amera. T his is not a flaw
of either the c amera or th e Mu ltiMAX. A varying lag time in a cam era is c ons idered
acc eptab le operation for the ma jority of p hotog raph ic s ituation s. C am eras are us ually
des igne d to res pon d p redic tably s hot to s hot, b ut are not n eces sarily or sp ecifically
des igned to do s o with the precis ion nee de d for equalization. Many factors can affect
a cam era’s lag tim e:
•
Ca me ra P re -Trigge r s ta tus
– c am eras that h ave a two s tage trigge r bu tton (half
pres s “wakes up ” th e c am era, full p res s trig gers the c am era) will p rob ably h ave
widely different lag tim es if trig gered while awake vers us asleep. C ameras
us ually have more c ons istent lag tim es if th ey are kept “awake” or Pre-
Trig gered . Th e c am era will als o res p on d m ore q uic kly, b ut will c on s um e
ba tte rie s a t a fa s te r ra te. P re -Trigge r ca ble s a re a va ila ble from P ocke tW iza rd
for m any cam eras
•
•
Cam era batteries
– lag times ma y begin to drift or s low d own as th e cam era’s
ba tte rie s fa de , es pe cia lly in prima rily me cha nica l ca me ra s . Fre s h ba tte ries a re
recom men ded for equalization
Temp erature and hum idity – a s the s e factors cha nge , the me cha nica l pa rts of a
ca mera ma y move differently thus affecting la g time . A tempe ra ture increa s e
may dec rease lag tim e as the c amera’s internal lub rican ts are warmed and flow
more free ly or vice vers a
•
Horizontal vs vertical orientation – as a came ra is move d through thes e
orienta tions various me ch anis m s, es pec ially sh utters in foc al plane cam eras , will
be affected b y gravity making them move differently thu s affec ting lag tim e. In
general, do n ot ch ange a c amera’s orientation du ring eq ualization
43
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•
Mu ltip le m ec h an ic al s ys tem s – c am eras that h ave ma ny c han geab le
m ech anic ally interac ting parts (film bac ks , motor d rives, lens sh utters) are likely
to have different lag tim es with different hard ware c omb inations. A leaf sh utter
is in th e lens s o ch anging lenses on a leaf s hutter c amera will chang e lag time.
In s ome m edium form at cam eras h aving the film bac k loaded vers us unloaded
c an m ake a s ig nific an t d ifferen c e. F or con s is ten t res u lts always u se th e s am e
c om p on en ts (len s , b od y, an d film b ac k com b in ation for exam p le) eac h tim e
•
Auto-focus a nd e xpos ure compute rs – s om e au to-foc u s an d exp os u re s ys tem s
will introduce wide ly va rying la g time s as lens travel and e xpos ure ca lculations
can take unp redic table amou nts of time. An electron ic c amera s et to full m anual
generally provides the m ost c ons istent lag tim es
La g Time Mea s ureme nt
–
~/MENU A A A L or ~/MENU A A B L or
~/MENU A A C L (R EC EIVE un its only)
The firs t step to c amera s ynch ronization or eq ualization is m easu ring a c amera’s lag
time (trig gering delay). Th e Mu ltiMAX c an m easu re a cam era’s lag tim e in mos t delay
mod es. Knowin g your c amera’s lag time is critic al for cam era equalization, bu t can
also be u seful in s pec ial effects , indus trial, com merc ial, or other photog raphy th at
re quire s critica l trigge r timing.
Us ing the in form ation above set u p your c amera for bes t equalization perform anc e.
Atta ch a MultiMAX (s et for RECEIVE mode) to the ca mera a s follows :
1.
2.
3.
4.
Plac e a MultiMAX in th e cam era’s hot s hoe or a ttac h a c able from the c am era’s
P C term in al to P O R T 1
Attac h the c able from PO RT 2 to the c amera’s motor d rive. If available, use a
Pre-R elease c able
P res s ~/MENU A A A for a s ta ndard delay mode whe re lag time s ca n be
meas ured
The s cre e n s hould dis pla y “S e t De lay Us ing A B C D L •–“ and s how a
numeric value . P res s L. The u nit will trigg er the cam era and time the d elay until
a s ync puls e is s e ns e d from the hot s hoe or le ns
5.
P res s L e ve ry fe w s e conds to find the fas te s t a nd s lowes t lag time s for the
ca me ra. Us ua lly the firs t pres s of L will yield a very different nu mb er from later
meas urem ents . Ignore th e firs t reading . 5 to 15 lag time m easu remen ts after
the firs t one s hould yie ld cons is te nt re s ults a nd give a ga uge of the fas te s t a nd
slowes t times
6.
Us ing s teps 1 throu gh 5 , meas ure and record the fas test and slowes t lag times
for ea ch ca me ra you wis h to equa lize. S ubtra ct the fas te s t from the s lowes t a nd
record this n um ber as the cam era’s lag tim e variation
44
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ë
S pe e d is not the mos t important factor in came ra e qualiza tion, cons is te ncy is . If a
slow c amera h as extrem ely cons istent lag tim es it will be a better eq ualization
can didate than a faster but inc ons istent c amera. T he reas on wh y it is imp ortant to
know the ap proxim ate fas test lag tim e for a c am era, es pec ially an inc ons isten t one, is
to ca lcula te ma rgin of e rror (dis cus s e d la te r in this s e ction).
The am ount of drift or lag tim e incon sis tenc y determ ines th e highes t sh utter s peed at
which a ca me ra will re liably e qualize . The following ta ble s hould be us ed a s a s ta rting
point for testing purp oses only. Th e num bers in this table are bas ed on a 1/1 000 th or
fas ter flash duration .
P robable ma ximum s a fe
lag time variation for
average leaf shutter
cam era, F:8.0
Sh utter S peed
P robable ma ximum s a fe
lag time variation for
average focal plane
(35mm) ca me ra
1/300
1/250
1/200
1/180
1/125
1/90
1/60
1/30
1/15
1/8
<=0.0003
<=0.0010
<=0.0020
<=0.0025
<=0.0050
<=0.0080
<=0.0137
<=0.0303
<=0.0637
<=0.1220
<=0.2470
<=0.4970
<=0.9970
<=1.9970
<=0.0013
<=0.0020
<=0.0030
<=0.0035
<=0.0060
<=0.0090
<=0.0147
<=0.0313
<=0.0647
<=0.1230
<=0.2480
<=0.4980
<=0.9980
<=1.9980
1/4
1/2
1
2
N
Leaf s hutters have different s hutter b lade travel times d epend ing on ap erture.
A
wider ap erture takes longer and reduc es th e amou nt of varianc e allowed. A s maller
aperture takes les s tim e thereby inc reasing the allowable varianc e. (A leaf s hutter s et
to F:4.0, for exa mple , ma y re duce the varia nce to the s a me a s a foca l plane ca me ra ).
45
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N
mu st u se th e slower s ync s peed. C amera eq ualization does not give a cam era fas ter
sync sp eeds than th e cam era is des igned to h andle.
If your c amera’s maxim um sync sp eed is s lower than the nu mb er listed th en you
For all s hutters it ca n be a s s ume d that a ca me ra with fa s ter e xterna l flas h s ync s pe eds
(X s ync) will have faster sh utter travel than c ameras with s lower X s ync s peeds .
Fas ter sh utter travel times increase the allowab le variance. The table above is b ased
on the following s hutte r tra ve l time s :
•
•
Focal P la ne (35mm) – 1/1000 (0.0010) to open, 1/1000 to clos e
Lea f s hutter at f: 8.0 – 1/2000 (0.0005) to open, 1/2000 to clos e
If a flash is g enera ting light while th e sh utter is m oving th en you will s ee the s hu tter in
the e xpos ure for foca l plane s hutters . You will s ee a los s in F s top e xpos ure us ing a
lea f s hutter if the fla s h is ge ne ra ting light a s the s hutter aperture ope ns or clos e s .
A variable flas h du ration will also affect thes e calc ulations. A slow flash is visible for
longer and more likely to a ffect expos ure while the s hutter is in motion. A s hort fla s h
duration reduc es th e likelihood of timin g varianc es affec ting the expos ure.
It is d ifficu lt to m easu re a s hu tter’s travel tim e or a flas h u nits du ration an d it u su ally
re quire s e xtre me ly e xpe ns ive te s t equipme nt. S ome e le ctronic fla s h ma nufa cture rs
print the ir fla s h durations in their ma nua l. The bes t me thod for unders tanding your
equipm ent’s eq ualization cap abilities is to s hoot m any test expos ures over a range of
s e ttings .
Rec omm end E quip men t for the b est res ults
•
•
•
Con sis tent lag tim e cam eras
Ca me ras with a s t s ync s pe e ds
Elec tronic flash equipm ent with s hort flas h du ration
46
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O ne Unit Eq ualization
To equalize two ca meras a nd one fla s h a t 1/125 with one MultiMAX, follow the s e
s teps :
1.
2.
3.
4.
S e t the MultiMAX to REC EIVE mode
Me as ure lag times of ca meras a s de s cribe d a nd record the fas tes t la g for ea ch
Determ ine whic h c am era is fas ter an d whic h is slower overall
De term in e th e d elay tim e
a.
If the s low cam era is m ore con sis tent us e this formu la:
i.
Slower C am era’s Fas test Lag Time MINUS F aste r C am era’s
Fas test Lag Time M INUS 0.0025 {ca lcula te d s a fe ty ma rgin}
b.
If the fast c amera is more c ons istent u se th is formu la:
i.
Slower C am era’s Fas test Lag Time MINUS F aste r C am era’s
Fas test Lag Time PLUS 0.0025 {ca lcula te d s a fe ty ma rgin}
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
P res s ~/MENU A A B then e nte r the ca lculated de la y time from S te p 4
Atta ch th e s lo we r c ame ra ’s motor drive to P O RT 1
Atta ch th e fas ter c ame ra ’s motor drive to P O RT 2
Atta ch the fla s h to the more cons is te nt (s m a lle s t la g time va riance ) ca m e ra
Trigger th e RE CE IVE unit either from th e TEST key or from a TR AN SMIT unit
Two Unit Eq ualization
Two Unit Eq ualization is b asic ally the sam e as above, bu t allows the two cam eras to
be m ore rem ote. T he d ifferen ce in c alc ulations co m pen sa tes for rad io trig ger dela y.
1.
2.
S e t one MultiMAX to REC EIVE mode , and one to TR ANS MIT mode
Us ing the R EC EIVE u nit, m easu re the lag tim es of each c amera as des crib ed
a bove and re cord the fas tes t la g for ea ch
3.
4.
Determ ine whic h c am era is fas ter an d whic h is slower overall
De term in e th e d elay tim e
1.
2.
If the s low cam era is m ore con sis tent us e this formu la:
1.
Slower C am era’s Fas test Lag Time MINUS F aste r C am era’s
Fas test Lag Time M INUS 0.0030 {ca lcula te d s a fety ma rgin}
If the fast c amera is more c ons istent u se th is formu la:
1.
Slower C am era’s Fas test Lag Time MINUS F aste r C am era’s
Fas test Lag Time PLUS 0.0020 {ca lcula te d s a fe ty ma rgin}
5.
6.
On the RECEIVE unit pres s ~/MENU A A A. Enter the time from S te p 4
Attac h the s lower c amera’s motor d rive to PO RT 2 on th e TRANS MIT unit. Do
not lea ve the MultiMAX (s e t for TRANS MIT m ode) in the hot s hoe or ha ve the
PC termin al attached to PO RT 1 as this m ay caus e a looping or loc k-up situation
Attach the faste r c am era’s mo tor drive to either P O R T on th e R EC EIVE un it
Atta ch the fla s h to the more cons is te nt (s m a lle s t la g time va riance ) ca m e ra
Trigger the s ys te m from the TRANS MIT unit’s TEST key
7.
8.
9.
47
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If us ing both Mu ltiMAX units a s R EC EIVE units be ing trigge red by a ny P ocke tW iza rd
Tra ns mitter follow the s e s teps :
1.
2.
S e t both units to REC EIVE mode
Me as ure lag times of ca meras a s previous ly des cribed and re cord the fas tes t
lag for ea ch
3.
4.
Determ ine whic h c am era is fas ter an d whic h is slower overall
De term in e th e d elay tim e
a.
If the s low cam era is m ore con sis tent us e this formu la:
i.
Slower C am era’s Fas test Lag Time MINUS F aste r C am era’s
Fas test Lag Time M INUS 0.0025 {ca lcula te d s a fe ty ma rgin}
b.
If the fast c amera is more c ons istent u se th is formu la:
i.
Slower C am era’s Fas test Lag Time MINUS F aste r C am era’s
Fas test Lag Time PLUS 0.0025 {ca lcula te d s a fe ty ma rgin}
5.
6.
7.
Attach the s lower c am era’s mo tor drive to either P O R T on th e firs t un it
Attach the faste r c am era’s mo tor drive to either P O R T on th e sec ond un it
On the s e cond unit pres s ~/MENU A A A, then en ter th e c alc u lated delay tim e
from S tep 4
8.
9.
10.
Make s ure th ere is no d elay being perform ed on the firs t un it
Atta ch the fla s h to the more cons is te nt (s m a lle s t la g time va riance ) ca m e ra
Trigger the s ys te m from a TRANS MIT unit’s TEST key
L
If us ing 4 or more units you may find it easier to u se th e built-in E qualize m ode.
See th e Equalize s e ction, P a ge 35, for more informa tion.
48
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Eq ualization Adjus tmen ts
W ith all the variable factors above it may seem that performin g the m ath nec ess ary for
e qualiza tion is daunting. He re are s ome techniques for fine - tuning or a djus ting
e qualiza tion time s without us ing s pecific ma th:
On s ome 35m m c a me ra s you ca n ga uge timing without us ing film. If your ca me ra
allows trig gering with the film bac k op en you ca n verify s ync hroniz ation visu ally.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Perform th e steps above to get bas ic equ alization started
Poin t the flash at a blan k wa ll
On the ca me ra NOT a ttache d to the flas h, s e t the s hutter s pe ed to 1/60
Ope n that came ra ’s back
P oint the came ra at the s a me wall a s the fla s h
6.
7.
As the ca mera and flas h a re be ing trigge red look through the s hutter pla ne
throu g h the le ns at th e lig h t fro m th e fla sh h ittin g th e wall. CAUTIO N: MAKE
S URE the fla s h is s et to a comforta ble level for your eyes !
Note the s hap e of th e light bu rs t. If it is a perfect b righ t circle th en th e cam era is
in s ync. If the circle is dark or ha s a ha rd line running along one e dge then the
cam era is not in syn c. T he h ard lin e is th e sh utter in m otion while th e flas h is
s till gene rating light
8.
Ad jus t the s hu tter s peed up or down u ntil you s ee a perfec t circle
ë
The de la y time s e tting s cree n is ins tantly active . W hile in nume ric e ntry mode
you ca n adjus t the de la y up or down and the dis pla ye d va lue will be execute d on the
ne xt trigge r. Us ing the “through-the-ba ck” me thod a bove or by s hooting film, P olaroid,
or dig ital you c an ad jus t the d elay and view the res ults to m ore s uit your sp ecific
ca mera’s timings .
The ma thema tica l formula s us e d thus fa r are des igned for e qualizing a t 1/125. The
final offset n um ber (0 .002 5 for exam ple) m ay need to be adju sted when attemp ting to
e qualize at fas te r s hutter s pe eds or s lower ones with wide lag varia tion ca me ras . The
offs et num ber tries to move the flash b urs t to the m iddle of th e exposu re to
compe ns a te for drifting lag time . Expe rime nt with diffe rent offs e ts to fine tune your
sh utter s peed, flash d uration, and cam era timing com binations . Too long or s hort of
an offs et an d you lim it a c am era’s ability to ge t the expo su re if the lag d rifts , even by a
sm all amoun t.
ë
equalization tec hniq ues . As more in form ation bec omes available it will be pos ted
there.
Vis it h ttp://www.p oc ketwiz ard.com /
for m ore inform ation on cam era s pec ific
49
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Te chnica l Informa tion
Specifications
W eight:
5.4 ou nc es with alkaline batteries
Dimens ions :
1.4 inc hes deep x 2.1 inc hes wid e x 4.0 inc hes tall (b ody on ly)
Flexible antenn a = 2.4 inch es tall. 0.3 in ch es in d iameter
2 x AA (IEC :LR 6), 1.5 V b atteries, alkaline rec omm ended
Read the Getting Started sec tion, Pag e 13, for more inform ation
Batteries :
AC Ada pte r J a ck: 3 VDC unreg ulated, 0.3 A (3 00 m illiamp) or h igher
4.5 VDC regulated, 0 .2 A (200 milliamp ) or high er, (recom men ded
P olarity = c enter p os itive, ou ts ide n ega tive
)
Ma le plug s pecifica tions : 1.3mm ID, 3.4mm O D, 1cm long
Input / Output P orts :
S ize
3.5mm (1/8") mono miniphone
2 50 VDC
Ma ximum Input Voltage
P O RT 1 current handling
P O RT 2 current handling
0.5 A (½ Am p), c urren t limited
4.0 A for 0.00002 s econds (1/50000 s e cond
or 20 micros e conds )
0.25 A (1/4 Amp or 250 milliamp) continuous ,
cu rrent lim ited
PO RT 1 polarity
PO RT 2 polarity
tip p ositive, n on-revers ible
tip p ositive, revers ible
PO RT 1 and Hot S hoe
Volta ge pre s ent
3.3 VDC, 0.001 A (1/1000 Amp or 1 m illia mp),
regulated
PO RT 1 and Hot S hoe
trigg ering thres hold
< 2.2 V
PO RT 1 and Hot S hoe
holding curre nt
0.0005 A (1/2000 Amp or 50 microa mps )
HOT SHOE NOT E #1: PO RT 1 and the hot s hoe are electric ally connec ted together.
A de vice a ttache d to P OR T 1 will trigge r whe n the TRAN S MIT unit is trigge red by the
hot s hoe. This is not con trollable by the L ke y. W hile the device ma y trigge r in s ync
with the s hutter, it will not be controlle d by the MultiMAX. If the device is a high
volta ge flas h unit the n the MultiMAX doe s not provide volta ge prote ction to the ca me ra
in this s itua tion. For norma l ope ration do not us e P OR T 1 to trigge r a high volta ge
flash on a TRANS MIT unit un less nothing is attach ed to the hot s hoe.
50
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HOT SHOE NOT E #2: S ome came ra s ma y e xhibit undes irable be havior if the
RE CE IVE unit is mou nted in th e cam era hot s hoe wh en that c amera is being fired
rem otely. S om e c am eras ’ h ot s h oe an d m otor drive c on tac ts m ay s h are s om e
conne ctions . This ca n caus e the ca me ra to lock up or s top ope rating norma lly. If your
ca me ra does not function properly in this mode the n re move the unit from the
cam era’s hot s hoe.
Radio Information
•
•
Trans mit O utpu t Power: 0.00 1 watt (1 /100 0 of a watt or 1 m illiwatt)
Typical Tra ns mitte r Output Dura tion: 0.0005 s econds (1/2000 s e cond or 50
micros econds )
•
Ba nd wid th : Na rrowb an d , 7 0 KHz TRANS MIT, 2 3 0KHz RE CE IVE
P ocke tW iza rd Ra dio Frequencie s :
Channel
Frequency
Unit
Digital Code
1 through 16
3 44 .0 4 MHz
Clas s ic, P lus ,
MAX, a nd
16 Bit
Mu ltiMAX
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
3 46 .5 0 MHz
3 47 .0 0 MHz
3 47 .5 0 MHz
3 48 .0 0 MHz
3 48 .5 0 MHz
3 49 .0 0 MHz
3 49 .5 0 MHz
3 50 .0 0 MHz
3 50 .5 0 MHz
3 51 .0 0 MHz
3 51 .5 0 MHz
3 52 .0 0 MHz
3 52 .5 0 MHz
3 53 .0 0 MHz
3 53 .5 0 MHz
3 54 .0 0 MHz
24 Bit
MultiMAX a nd
MAX only
(20 Bit in
FAS T MO DE )
51
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M aximum and M inimum Settings
The following ta ble details the maximum a nd minimum value s allowed for ea ch
nume ric e ntry s e tting availa ble in the MultiMAX.
Setting
M axim um
M inimum
C o ntac t Tim e
640 .00 s econ ds or
.01 s e conds
10 minute s , 40 s econds
De lay Tim e
6.4000 s econds
.0001 s econds
(add 0 .000 5 to dis played
value for R EC EIVE u nits
triggered via radio)
Interval (Intervalometer
mod e)
640 00 s econ ds or
17 hours , 46 minute s ,
40 s e conds
1 s e cond
Interval (Mu ltipop m ode)
640 .00 s econ ds or
10 minute s , 40 s econds
.01 s e conds
0
Cou nt (for Load C ount or
Inte rva lome te r / Multipop)
9999
Inte rva lome te r maximum time is 64000 s e cond interva ls for 9999 trigge rs or 177,760
hours (7,406 da ys , 16 hours ) or a pproxima te ly 20 ye ars , 3 months , 11 and 2/3 days .
Saved Settings
Setting s are s aved when ever the ~/MENU ke y is pre s s e d. The following s e ttings a re
a lwa ys RE S ET on norma l power down:
•
•
•
Counter (res e ts to s a ve d loa d value if count is o, re s ets to 0 if count is
m
)
Re a r Curta in S ync (fra ction dis play re turns to 1/1)
An y dynam ic n um eric entry s creen d isp layed as un it is p owered off will defau lt
to its previous saved s etting. The s creen s affec ted are : Load c ounter, D elay
time , a nd Inte rval (Multipop or Inte rva lome te r)
The following s ettings are s aved on powe r down:
Ch annel
Zone
Be e p Mode
De lay Tim e
Interval
C o ntac t Tim e
Load Count
Counter Mode
Re lay Mode
Fa s t Mode
Advance d Mode
52
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Trouble s hooting
When in doubt !
Ma ny is s ue s ca n be re s olved by powe ring the unit off and then ba ck on a gain or by
re s etting to factory defa ult s e ttings . Be fore proce eding to any other trouble s hooting
proce dure follow the s e s teps :
1.
2.
3.
S e t powe r to OFF
W a it 10 s e cond s or until dis pla y comple te ly blanks
Set p ower to R EC EIVE or T RANS MIT
Reset to Default Factory Settings
1.
2.
3.
4.
S e t powe r s witch to OFF
P re s s a nd hold C key
Continue to hold C and s et the power switch to either R EC EIVE or T RANS MIT
Releas e C ke y whe n CLEAR/R ES ET me s s a ge a ppe a rs
De fault fa ctory s ettings are a s follows :
Ch annel
17
Dis pla y Contras t
De lay Tim e
Me dium
Trans mitter
Zones
A B C D L all
enabled
0.01 00 s ec
Re ce iver Zone
A
Equa lize
0.15 00 s ec
C a lc u lated Tim e
Re lay Mode
Ope ra ting mode
C o ntac t Tim e
Be e p Mode
OFF
Interval Tim e
Mu ltip op Tim e
Counter Mode
Cou nter Load
100 sec
1.00 sec
OFF
NO RMAL
0.12 sec
All
36
Fa s t Mode
OFF
N
norm al operation wh en res et com pletes: Battery Level, Frequ enc y Lock, Beep Mod e,
and C han nel.
The following indic ators m ay operate erratically durin g res et, but will return to
L
The CLEAR/RES ET m e s s a ge a ls o dis plays the s oftwa re vers ion ins ta lled in the
unit. T o view just th e software vers ion withou t losing setting s refer to the Software
Version Display s e ction, P a ge 40, for more informa tion.
53
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Radio Performance
The MultiMAX is a n advance d digita l ra dio s ys te m. Its true digita l technology
g u aran te es op timu m in te rferen c e reje ctio n wh ile main ta in in g hig h pe rforman c e. As
with a ll ra dio de vice s (c e ll phone s , wa lkie ta lkie s , cordles s s ound s ys te ms ) the re are
som e situations where perform anc e may be d egraded by outs ide fac tors. F or
ma ximum ra dio pe rforma nce for the MultiMAX, or any ra dio device , follow the
guide lines be low:
•
•
Kee p an tenn as p arallel. The an tenn a radiation and rec eption pattern is
de s igne d for be s t pe rforma nce in this orie nta tion.
W hile not requ ired for op eration, main taining line of sigh t between TRANS MIT
a nd RECEIVE units will give bes t pe rformance. Radio can work through obje cts ,
but its range ma y be reduce d.
•
•
Mou nt R EC EIVE u nits away from metal objec ts. S ome m etal objects can act as
an anten na. The radio nois e in an area m ay be con duc ted by the m etal and c an
reduc e the rang e of a R EC EIVE u nit wh ich works harder to reject extra noise.
Moving a R EC EIVE un it a few inc hes away from me tal, or m oun ting the u nit
su ch that the anten na is away from or above the m etal, will elimin ate this is su e.
Mount units a way from wa te r. W a te r abs orbs radio e nergy. If s hooting around
water-filled objects try to maintain line of sigh t between units when ever poss ible.
Sou rces of water th at migh t affec t a unit’s range are:
•
•
•
Trees – if sh ooting in a large forest with m any trees, try to m aintain line of
s ight
P e ople – mount RECEIVE units above the he ads of la rge crowds and us e
TR AN SMIT un its in the c am era’s hot s hoe when ever pos sib le
Ra in – He avy downpours ma y a ffect range
•
•
La rge me tal and concrete s tructure s affe ct ra dio. Attempting to trigge r through
large m etal or conc rete objects or buildin gs will resu lt in a reduc tion in rang e.
Try to mount RECEIVE units in windows for be s t performa nce when s hooting
arch itecture.
Flas h p ack mo un ting – m oun t the R EC EIVE un it with the an tenn a com pletely
a bove the top of the body of the flas h unit. Ke ep the a nte nna a way from the
m etal in a flash un it
If you are experienc ing ran ge prob lems and you h ave followed the g uidelines above,
try moving the R EC EIVE u nit a few in ch es in an y direction. R adio reflec tions from
s urrounding objects ca n s ome time s ca us e nodes , or “de ad s pots .” Re loca ting the
RE CE IVE unit jus t a few inc hes from thes e sp ots c an dram atically improve ran ge.
ë
Vis it h ttp://www.p oc ketwiz ard.com /
for more trouble s hooting informa tion. As more
informa tion become s a va ilable it will be pos ted there . Be s ure to che ck out the
Freq uently Asked Q ues tions s ection on the web site.
54
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Time Conve rsion Cha rts
Frac tions to D ecim al:
He re a re s ome comm on photogra phic fra ctions in de cima l va lue s . All numbe rs a re
rounde d to the nea res t .0001 or 1/10,000th.
L
Thes e times are not R ear C urtain S ync tim es. T hes e are prec ision n um bers .
Re a r Curta in S ync numbe rs are always le s s than the e xa ct convers ions . Re fe r to the
Rear Curtain s e ction, P a ge 33, for more informa tion.
Fraction
½
Decimal
Fraction
1/180
Decimal
0.5 s e conds
0.0056 s econds
0.005 s econds
0.004 s econds
0.002 s econds
0.001 s econds
0.0005 s econds
0.0003 s econds
0.0001 s econds
1/4
0.25 s econds
0.125 s econds
0.0667 s econds
0.0333 s econds
0.0167 s econds
0.0111 s econds
0.008 s econds
1/200
1/8
1/250
1/15
1/30
1/60
1/90
1/125
1/500
1/1000
1/2000
1/4000
1/8000
S e conds to Minute s a nd Hours
:
Us e the following ta ble to help ca lcula te long inte rvals or delays .
Seconds
M inutes
1 m inute
Seconds
Hours
60 s e conds
120 s e conds
180 s e conds
240 s e conds
300 s e conds
600 s e conds
1200 s e conds
1800 s e conds
3600 s e conds
7200 s e conds
10800 s e conds
14400 s e conds
18000 s e conds
36000 s e conds
1 hour
2 m inutes
3 m inutes
4 m inutes
5 m inutes
10 m inutes
20 m inutes
30 m inutes
2 hours
3 hours
4 hours
5 hours
10 hours
55
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Ma nua l Re vis ion 1.10 (LP 521)
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