Instant Broadband™ Series
EtherFast® Cable/DSL
Wireless-Ready Router
with 4-Port Switch
Use this Guide to install:
BEFSR41W
EtherFast Cable/DSL Wireless-Ready Router with 4-Port Switch
User Guide
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Instant BroadbandTM Series
EtherFast® Cable/DSL Wireless-Ready Router with 4-Port Switch
Table of Contents
Chapter 1: Introduction
Linksys Cable/DSL Wireless-Ready Router
Features
1
1
1
2
2
Log
Help
UPnP
Filters
Port Forwarding
Dynamic Routing
Static Routing
DMZ Host
MAC Address Cloning
30
31
32
33
35
39
40
41
43
Package Contents
Minimum Requirements
Chapter 2: Getting to Know the Cable/DSL
Wireless-Ready Router
The Cable/DSL Wireless-Ready Router’s Rear Panel
The Wireless PC Card (not included)
The Reset Button
The Cable/DSL Wireless-Ready Router’s Front Panel LEDs
3
3
4
4
5
Appendix A: Troubleshooting
Common Problems and Solutions
Frequently Asked Questions
44
45
46
Chapter 3: Connecting the Cable/DSL
Wireless-Ready Router to Your Network
Overview
About Static & Dynamic IP Addresses
Connecting Your Hardware Together & Booting Up
Configuring Your PCs to Connect to the
Cable/DSL Wireless-Ready Router
Appendix B: How to Obtain Your ISP’s E-mail
& Web Addresses
7
7
7
8
50
53
Appendix C: Installing the TCP/IP Protocol
Appendix D: Twisted-Pair Cabling
55
10
Crimping Your Own Network Cables
56
Chapter 4: Adding Wireless Capabilities to
Your Router
Appendix E: Glossary
57
12
Appendix F: Specifications
63
Environmental
64
Chapter 5: Configuring Your Network with the
Cable/DSL Wireless-Ready Router
Configuring the Cable/DSL Wireless-Ready Router
16
16
Appendix G: Warranty Information
Appendix H: Contact Information
65
66
Chapter 6: The Cable/DSL Wireless-Ready
Router’s Web-based Utility
20
20
21
24
26
27
29
Quick and Easy Administration
Setup
Setting WEP Encryption
Password
Status
DHCP
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EtherFast® Cable/DSL Wireless-Ready Router with 4-Port Switch
Chapter 1: Introduction
The Linksys Cable/DSL Wireless-Ready Router
Congratulations on your purchase of an EtherFast® Cable/DSL Wireless-Ready
Router with 4-Port Switch. The EtherFast® Cable/DSL Wireless-Ready Router with
4-Port Switch provides the ideal solution for connecting your network to a high-
speed broadband Internet connection and a 10/100 Fast Ethernet backbone, with the
option to add wireless capabilities. Configurable as a DHCP server for your exist-
ing network, the Router acts as the only externally recognized Internet gateway on
your local area network (LAN) and serves as an Internet NAT firewall against
unwanted outside intruders. Plus, the Router functions as an Access Point when you
add a Wireless Network PC card (not included) to enable wireless connectivity.
A typical router relies on a separate hub or a switch to share its Internet connection,
but the Linksys EtherFast® Cable/DSL Wireless-Ready Router with 4-Port Switch
channels this connection through the blazing, full duplex speed of its built-in
EtherFast® 10/100 4-Port Switch. This cutting-edge combination of wireless-ready
router and switch technology eliminates the need to buy an additional hub or
switch—just add a Wireless Network PC card to connect the router to your wireless
network. Now your entire wireless network can enjoy blazing broadband Internet
connections supported by its robust switched backbone. With the dual-function
speed and power of the EtherFast® Cable/DSL Wireless-Ready Router with 4-Port
Switch, your network will take off at speeds faster than you ever imagined possible.
Features
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Expandable to Support Wireless Networking
Compatible with Universal Plug and Play (UPnP)
MAC Address Filtering
Configurable through Your Networked PC’s Web Browser
Supports IPSec and PPTP Pass-Through
Internal 4-Port Switch Dramatically Speeds Up Your Gaming
Able to Act as a DHCP Server for Your Existing Network
Wireless Capabilities Available with Use of Optional WPC11 (sold separately)
•
Connects to a Broadband Modem, a 10/100 Ethernet Backbone, or a
Wireless Network
•
Interoperable with IEEE 802.11b (DSSS) 2.4GHz-Compliant Equipment
Provides Roaming, Best Access Point Selection, Load Balancing, and
•
Network Traffic Filtering
Long Operating Range Supports up to 91m (Indoors) and up to 457m
•
(Outdoors)
Capable of up to 128-Bit WEP Encryption
•
•
•
Free Technical Support—24 Hours a Day, 7 Days a Week, Toll-Free US Calls
1-Year Limited Warranty
1
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Instant BroadbandTM Series
EtherFast® Cable/DSL Wireless-Ready Router with 4-Port Switch
Chapter 2: Getting to Know the
Cable/DSL Wireless-Ready Router
The Cable/DSL Wireless-Ready Router’s Rear Panel
The back panel of the Router is where all of the Router’s connections are made.
Figure 1-1
Package Contents
• One Linksys EtherFast® Cable/DSL Wireless-Ready Router with 4-Port
Switch (1)
Figure 2-1
• One Power Adapter (2)
• One TechHelper CD-ROM (3)
• One User Guide (4)
WAN
The WAN (Wide Area Network) Port is where you
will connect your cable or DSL modem.
• Quick Installation (not shown)
• One Registration Card (not shown)
Ports 1-4
These four LAN (Local Area Network) ports are
where you will connect networked devices, such as
PCs, print servers, and any other Ethernet devices
you want to put on your network. These ports will
auto-detect the use of crossover or straight RJ-45
cables.
Minimum Requirements
• Network Adapter with Ethernet (UTP CAT 5) Cabling and TCP/IP Protocol
Installed per PC
• Internet Explorer 4.0 or Netscape Navigator 4.7 or Higher for Web-Based
Configuration
• Cable or DSL Modem with Ethernet Connection and Internet Access
• CD-ROM Drive
Power
The Power Port is where you will connect the
included AC Power adapter.
PCMCIA Slot
This is where you can connect the optional wireless
PC card (not included) for wireless features.
• WPC11 for Wireless Connection (sold separately)
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EtherFast® Cable/DSL Wireless-Ready Router with 4-Port Switch
The Wireless-PC Card
The Cable/DSL Wireless-Ready Router’s Front Panel LEDs
The Wireless PC Card (not included)
To add wireless capabilities, a WPC11 (sold separately) is required.
Power off the Router. Insert the WPC11 in the manner shown above
in the warning label. Push the WPC11 into the BEFSR41W until it
is securely held in place by the PCMCIA Slot.
Figure 2-3
Diag
Red. The Diag LED illuminates when the Router goes
through its self-diagnosis mode during boot-up and restart. It
will turn off upon successful completion of the diagnosis. If
this LED stays on for an abnormally long period of time,
refer to the Troubleshooting section. During firmware
upgrades, this will also flash.
Power
Green. The Power LED illuminates when the Router is pow-
ered on.
Full/Col
Green. The Full/Col LED also serves two purposes. If this
LED is continuously illuminated, the connection made
through the corresponding port is successfully running in
Full Duplex mode. If the LED is flickering, the connection is
experiencing collisions. Infrequent collisions are normal. If
this LED is flickering too often, there may be a problem with
your connection. Check the Troubleshooting section if you
think there is a problem.
Figure 2-2
The Reset Button
The Reset Button
To use the Reset button:
Link/Act
Green. The Link/Act LED serves two purposes. If the LED
is continuously illuminated, the Router is successfully con-
nected to a device through the corresponding port (1, 2, 3 or
4). If the LED is flickering, the Router is actively sending or
receiving data over that port.
Unplug the power adapter from the Router. Then, plug the power
adapter back into the Router. Press the Reset button. The Diag LED will flash
after three seconds.
To restore the factory default settings, Unplug the power adapter from the
Router. Press the Reset button and hold for three seconds while plugging the
power adapter back into the Router.
100
Orange. The 100 LED illuminates when a successful
100Mbps connection is made through the corresponding
port.
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Instant BroadbandTM Series
EtherFast® Cable/DSL Wireless-Ready Router with 4-Port Switch
Chapter 3: Connecting the
Cable/DSL Wireless-Ready
WLAN
WAN
Green. The WLAN LED illuminates when a wireless net-
work is active.
Green. The WAN LED illuminates when a successful con-
nection is made between the Router and your Broadband
device or network. When blinking, the Router is sending or
receiving data over the broadband port.
Router to Your Network
Overview
Unlike a simple hub or switch, the setup of the Cable/DSL Wireless-Ready
Router consists of more than simply plugging everything together. Because the
Router acts as a DHCP server, you will have to set some values within the
Router, and also configure your networked PCs to accept the IP Addresses the
Router chooses to assign them.
You will need the following values from your ISP in order to install the
Cable/DSL Wireless-Ready Router:
• PPPoE with username and password (for some DSL users)
• Your broadband-configured PC’s static Internet IP Address (if applicable)
• Your broadband-configured PC’s Computer Name and Workgroup Name
• Your Subnet Mask
• Your Default Gateway
• Your Primary DNS IP address
If your broadband access installer did not leave you this information, call your
ISP and they will be able to supply you with it.
About Static & Dynamic IP Addresses
Static IP Addresses A static IP address is an IP address permanently assigned
to a computer in a TCP/IP network. Static IP addresses are usually assigned to
networked devices that are consistently accessed by multiple users, such as
server PCs, or a print server. If you are using your Router to share your cable
or DSL Internet connection, contact your ISP to see if they have assigned your
home a static IP address. You will need that address during your Router’s con-
figuration.
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EtherFast® Cable/DSL Wireless-Ready Router with 4-Port Switch
6. To use the Reset button: While holding down the Reset button, unplug the
power adapter from the Router. Wait three seconds while continuing to hold
down the Reset button. Then plug the power adapter back into the Router.
The Diag LED will flash twice. During the second flash, release the Reset
button. This will restore all the defaults.
Dynamic IP Addresses A dynamic IP address is an IP address that is automati-
cally assigned to a client station (computer, printer, etc.) in a TCP/IP network.
Dynamic IP addresses are typically assigned by a DHCP server, which can be
a computer on the network or another piece of hardware, such as the Router. A
dynamic IP address might change every time your computer connects to the
network.
7. Power on your PC.
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) DHCP is software that automati-
cally assigns IP addresses to client stations logging on to a TCP/IP network.
DHCP eliminates having to manually assign permanent IP addresses to every
device on your network. DHCP software typically runs in servers and is also
found in network devices such as Routers.
The Hardware Installation is complete. Continue to the next page to con-
figure your PCs and Router.
Note: Some ISPs—most notably some cable providers—configure
their networks so that you do not have to enter a full Internet
Connecting Your Hardware Together and Booting Up
address into your web browser or e-mail application to reach your
home page or receive your e-mail. If your Internet home page
address is something very simple, such as “www”, rather than
mail” or “pop3”, rather than “pop.mail.linksys.com”, you won’t be able to prop-
erly configure your Router until you determine the actual Internet addresses of
your Web and e-mail connections.
Once you are sure that you have the above values on hand, you can begin the
installation and setup of your Cable/DSL Wireless-Ready Router.
1. Power everything down, including your PCs, your Cable or DSL modem and
the Router.
You must obtain this information prior to connecting the Router to your network.
You can obtain this information by contacting your ISP, or you can turn to the
section of the Appendix on How to Obtain Your ISP’s EE-mail & Web Addresses.
2. Connect a Network cable from one of your PCs’ Ethernet ports to one of the
LAN Ports on the back of the Router. Do the same with all the PCs you wish
to connect to the Router.
3. Connect the network cable from your Cable or DSL modem to the WAN port
on the back of the Router.
4. Connect the power-adapter cable to the Power port on the back of the Router,
then plug the other end into a power outlet.
• The Power LED will illuminate green as soon as the power adapter is
connected.
• The Diag LED will illuminate red for a few seconds while the Router
goes through its internal diagnostic test. The LED will turn off when the
self-test is complete.
5. Power on the Cable or DSL modem. Verify that the power is on by checking
the WAN LED on the front of the Router. The Link LED will illuminate if
the power is on and the modem is ready.
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EtherFast® Cable/DSL Wireless-Ready Router with 4-Port Switch
4. Click the Properties button, and then choose the IP Address tab. Select
Obtain an IP address automatically. (See Figure 3-2.) Click on the
Gateway tab and make sure that all fields there are empty. Click OK.
Configuring Your PCs to Connect to the Cable/DSL
Wireless-Ready Router
Now that your Router is physically installed, you will have to configure your
PCs to accept the IP addresses that your Router will provide. If using the
default Windows TCP/IP network configuration, no changes are required; just
restart your PC so it will obtain an IP address from the Cable/DSL Wireless-
Ready Router.
These instructions apply only to Windows 95, 98 and Millennium
machines. For TCP/IP setup under Windows NT, Windows 2000,
or Windows XP, please refer to your Microsoft Windows docu-
mentation.
1. Click the Start button, select Settings, then Control Panel.
2. Double-click the Network icon.
3. In the Configuration window, select the TCP/IP protocol line that has been
associated with your network card/adapter. (See Figure 3-1.)
Note: If the
TCP/IP protocol
is not config-
ured on your
PC, go to the
Appendix for
TCP/IP installa-
tion instructions
now.
Figure 3-2
5. The Network Properties window will reappear. Click OK. All client settings
are complete. Windows may ask for original Windows installation files,
which can be found on your Windows CD-ROM (i.e.: D:\win98, D:\win95,
D:\ win9x - where “D” is the letter of your CD-ROM drive) or possibly on
your hard drive (c:\windows\options\cabs.)
6. Windows will ask you to restart your PC. Click Yes.
Repeat steps 1-6 for each PC on your network. When all PCs are config-
ured, continue on to set up the Router using the Router’s Web-based
Utility.
Figure 3-1
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EtherFast® Cable/DSL Wireless-Ready Router with 4-Port Switch
3. Configure the wireless functions of the web utility using the following
instructions. (Refer to Chapter 6 for more information.)
Chapter 4: Adding Wireless
A. Access the web utility by opening your web browser and typing
default IP address of your Router.) Press Enter. (See Figure 4-2.)
Capabilities to Your Router
Now that your Cable/DSL Wireless-Ready Router is wired into your network,
you can make your Router wireless. You can also wait until a later time. You
will need a WPC11 Wireless PC Card (sold separately.)
1. Power off the Router.
Figure 4-2
Make sure to insert the WPC11 Wireless PC Card in the direction
shown in the warning label below.
B. After entering the address into the web browser, a password request
page will pop up. (See Figure 4-3.) Leave the User Name field empty,
but type admin into the Password field.
2. Locate the PCMCIA slot on the back of the Router. Insert the Wireless PC
Card into the PCMCIA slot in the direction shown in Figure 4-1. It is very
important to install it with the LEDs facing up and in the correct direction
or damage to the Router can occur. Push the Wireless PC Card into the slot
until it is securely in place.
Figure 4-3
C. The basic Setup screen is the first screen you will see when you access the
utility, but is the only one you need to set up your Wireless PC Card.
(See Figure 4-4.) If you have already installed and set up your router, you
have already seen this screen and have already properly configured all of
the screen’s values. More detailed explanations and instructions can be
found by clicking the page’s Help button. To clear any values you’ve
entered, click Cancel and re-enter the information. To apply any set-
tings that you have changed, click the Apply button. Once all settings
are correct, click Continue.
Figure 4-1
Setup
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• Access Control Provides access to your network for other PCs. You’ll need
to enter the MAC Address, then click on Add for any PC that you want to
add. Click on Apply when finished.
• Channel Select the appropriate channel from the list provided to corre-
spond with your network settings, between 1 and 11. All points in your
wireless network must use the same channel in order to function correctly.
Verify that the correct channel is selected.
Note: The
Setup page
shown in this
graphic may
differ from
yours.
• WEP (Mandatory/Disable). In order to utilize WEP encryption, select
Mandatory. If you do not wish do utilize WEP encryption, make sure
Disable is selected. See the Section on Setting WEP Encryption for more
information.
• WEP Key Setting When WEP Encryption is Enabled, press this button to
modify the WEP Key Settings. See the Section on Setting WEP
Encryption for more information.
If you haven’t done so already, to apply any settings that you have changed,
click the Apply button. Once all settings are correct, click Continue.
Figure 4-4
The following section will provide information on setting up your wireless
connection once you have the Wireless PC Card.
• ESSID The ESSID is the unique name that is shared among all points in a
wireless network. The ESSID must be identical for all points in the network.
It is case sensitive and must not exceed 32 characters. Make sure that all
points in the network are the same. Verify that you are using the correct
ESSID.
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2. A username and password prompt will appear. Leave the User Name box
empty and type admin(the default password) in the Password box. Click
OK. (See Figure 5-2.)
Chapter 5: Configuring Your
Network with the Cable/DSL
Wireless-Ready Router
Configuring the Cable/DSL Wireless-Ready Router
Now that your Cable/DSL Wireless-Ready Router is wired into your network,
you can begin configuring your system.
Note:If your Windows system supports UPnP, Windows will offer to create a
desktop shortcut to the Router. Click OK to create the desktop icon, then dou-
ble-click on the icon to connect to the Router. Otherwise, connect to the Router
manually, as follows.
Figure 5-2
3. The Cable/DSL Wireless-Ready Router’s Setup page will appear. (See Figure
5-3.)
box. (See Figure 5-1.) This number is the default IP address of your Router.
Press Enter.
Note: The
Setup page
shown in this
graphic may
differ from
yours.
Figure 5-1
Note: If you have previously enabled an Internet Sharing
Proxy Service on any of your PCs, you must disable it now.
• If you are running Netscape Navigator: Click Edit >> Preference >>
Advanced >> Proxies> and click Direct Connection to the Internet.
• If you are running Internet Explorer v5 or better, click Start>>
Settings>> Control Panel>> Internet Options>> Connections>>
LAN Settings. Remove the checks from all three boxes. Click OK to
continue.
Figure 5-3
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4. Configure the following values.
1. Click on the button next to PPPoE.
2. Enter the User Name you use to log on to your Internet connection.
3. Enter your corresponding Password.
Note: All of this information should be readily available from your ISP.
Host Name & Domain Name These fields allow you to supply a host and
domain name for the Router. Some ISPs require these names as identifi-
cation. You may have to check with your ISP to see if your Broadband
Internet service has been configured with a host and domain name. In most
cases, leaving these fields blank will work.
RAS (Remote Access Service) is a service used in Singapore only. If you are
using a RAS connection, check with your ISP for the necessary setup infor-
mation.To enable RAS:
1. Click on the button next to RAS.
LAN IP Address These values refer to your internal network settings.
Unless you have specific internal needs, there should be no reason to
change these values. For the internal LAN, the default values are as fol-
lows.
2. Enter the User Name you use to log on to your Internet connection.
3. Enter your corresponding Password.
RAS Plan Select the type of plan you have.
• Private IP Address:
• Subnet Mask:
192.168.1.1
255.255.255.0
Connect on Demand (Only available if PPPoE is enabled) If you aren’t
actively using the Internet, you can configure your Router to cut your con-
nection with your ISP after a certain period of time. If you have been dis-
connected due to inactivity, Connect on Demand enables your Router to
automatically re-establish your connection as soon as you attempt to access
the Internet again. Click on the button next to Connect on Demand to
Enable the option.
Wireless In this section, enter the ESSID and Channel for your wireless net-
work. You can provide access to your network for other PCs with Access
Control. You’ll need to enter the MAC Address, then click on Add for any
PC that you want to add. Click on Apply when finished. You can decide
whether or not to use WEP Encryption and configure the level of WEP
Encryption. WEP Encryption is not necessary for the operation of your
Router. For more information, see the section of this guide called Setting
WEP Encryption. You must use a wireless PC card (sold separately) to
use this and any other wireless feature.
Keep Alive Option This option keeps your PPPoE-enabled Internet access
connected indefinitely, even when it sits idle. It keeps the connection alive
by sending out a few data packets periodically, so your Internet service
thinks that the connection is still active. To use this option, click on the but-
ton next to Keep Alive to select it.
WAN IP Address These values refer to the outside network you connect to
every time you access your Broadband Internet connection. Most
Broadband ISPs assign their clients a different IP address each time they
log on. If this is the case with your ISP, click Obtain an IP Address
Automatically and continue to step 5. If your ISP assigns you a fixed IP
address, click Specify an IP Address and enter the address into the
Subnet Mask, Default GatewayAddress, and DNS fields provided by the
ISP.
5. When you have properly configured the Setup page, click Apply, and then
click Continue.
6. Reset the power on the cable or DSL modem, and then restart the com-
puter so the computer can obtain the new Router information.
Your Cable/DSL Wireless-Ready Router is now configured to your net-
work. If you would like, you may continue on to learn more about the
Router’s Web-based Utility.
Login This section is used if you are using a dial-up style connection like
PPPoE or RAS.
PPPoE (Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet) is used by DSL-based
ISPs to establish communications with an end-user. If you are using a DSL
line, check with your ISP to see if they use PPPoE. If they do use PPPoE,
you must enable it by selecting PPPoE in the login section. If you do enable
PPPoE, remember to remove any existing PPPoE applications already on
any of your PCs. To enable PPPoE:
Note: Make sure that a Network Card or adapter has been
successfully installed into each PC you plan on configuring
before you continue.
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Setup
p
Chapter 6: The Cable/DSL
Wireless-Ready Router’ s Web-
based Utility
Quick & Easy Administration
For your convenience, an administrative utility has been programmed into the
chipset of your router. All router-based administrative tasks are performed
through this web utility. The web utility can be accessed by any PC on the net-
(See Figure 6-1.)
Note: The
Setup page
shown in this
graphic may
differ from
yours.
Figure 6-1
After entering the address into the web browser, a password request page will
pop up. (See Figure 6-2.) Leave the User Name field empty, but type admin
into the Password field.
Figure 6-3
The basic Setup screen is the first screen you will see when you access the Utility.
If you have already installed and set up your router, you have already seen this
screen and have already properly configured all of the screen’s values.
• Host Name This entry is necessary for some ISPs. Ask your ISP.
• Domain Name This entry is necessary for some ISPs. Ask your ISP.
• Firmware Version This entry shows the version of the firmware you are
using. Future versions of the Router’s Firmware may become available on
the Linksys website.
Figure 6-2
• LAN IP Address and Subnet Mask The IP Address and Subnet Mask of
the router as they are seen on the internal LAN. The default value is
192.168.1.1 for IP and 255.255.255.0 for Subnet Mask. Unless you already
know your settings, we recommend that you keep the defaults.
On the following pages you will find brief descriptions and important functions
of each utility web page. More detailed explanations and instructions can be
found by clicking each page’s Help button. To clear any values you’ve entered
on any page, click Cancel and re-enter the information. To apply any settings
that you have changed on any page, click the Apply button. Once all settings
are correct, click Continue.
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• ESSID The ESSID is the unique name that is shared among all points in a
wireless network. The ESSID must be identical for all points in the network.
It is case sensitive and must not exceed 32 characters. Make sure that all
points in the network are the same. Verify that you are using the correct
ESSID.
• Access Control Provides access to your network for other PCs. You’ll need
to enter the MAC Address, then click on Add for any PC that you want to
add. Click on Apply when finished.
1. Click on the button next to PPPoE.
2. Enter the User Name you use to log on to your Internet connection.
3. Enter your corresponding Password.
RAS (Remote Access Service) is a service used in Singapore only. If you are
using a RAS connection, check with your ISP for the necessary setup
information.To enable RAS:
• Channel Select the appropriate channel from the list provided to corre-
spond with your network settings, between 1 and 11. All points in your
wireless network must use the same channel in order to function correctly.
Verify that the correct channel is selected.
1. Click on the button next to RAS.
2. Enter the User Name you use to log on to your Internet connection.
3. Enter your corresponding Password.
• WEP (Mandatory/Disable). In order to utilize WEP encryption, select
Mandatory. If you do not wish do utilize WEP encryption, make sure
Disable is selected.
• WEP Key Setting When WEP Encryption is Enabled, press this button to
modify the WEP Key Settings. See the Section on Setting WEP
Encryption for more information.
• WAN IP Address and Subnet Mask The IP Address and Subnet Mask of
the router as seen by external users on the Internet (including your ISP). If
set to Obtain an IP Address Automatically, these values are assigned by
your ISP.
RAS Plan Select the type of plan you have.
Connect on Demand (Only available if PPPoE is enabled) If you aren’t
actively using the Internet, you can configure your Router to cut your con-
nection with your ISP after a certain period of time. If you have been dis-
connected due to inactivity, Connect on Demand enables your Router to
automatically re-establish your connection as soon as you attempt to access
the Internet again. Click on the button next to Connect on Demand to
enable the option.
• Default Gateway Address Your ISP will provide you with the Gateway IP
Address. If set to Obtain an IP Address Automatically, these values are
automatically assigned by your ISP.
• DNS (Domain Name Server) IP Address Your ISP will provide you with
at least one DNS IP Address. If set to Obtain an IP Address Automatically,
these values are automatically assigned by your ISP.
Keep Alive Option This option keeps your PPPoE-enabled Internet access
connected indefinitely, even when it sits idle. It keeps the connection alive
by sending out a few data packets periodically, so your Internet service
thinks that the connection is still active. To use this option, click on the but-
ton next to Keep Alive to select it.
You can test and see if the above settings are correct by successfully connect-
ing to the Internet.
In order for your changes to take effect, click the
Apply button.
Login This section is used if you are using a dial-up style connection like
PPPoE or RAS.
Password
PPPoE (Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet) is used by DSL-based
ISPs to establish communications with an end-user. If you are using a DSL
line, check with your ISP to see if they use PPPoE. If they do use PPPoE,
you must enable it by selecting PPPoE in the login section. If you do
enable PPPoE, remember to remove any existing PPPoE applications
already on any of your PCs. To enable PPPoE:
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3. The following screen will appear, verifying that you are enabling WEP
Setting WEP Encryption
Encryption. Press the OK button to continue. (See Figure 6-4.)
Note: WEP Encryption is an additional data security measure that
is not essential for Router operation, but is strongly recommended.
WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) Encryption is a method of encrypting data
that is transmitted over your wireless network to ensure data security. In a wired
network, data security is maintained through the physical wire. WEP
Encryption provides the same level of security for your wireless data as if it
were being transmitted over standard network cabling (which is how the name
is derived). In order to duplicate wired network security levels, wireless data
is encrypted at its point of transmission. It is decoded by the receiving device.
This allows users to have the same amount of security over their wireless net-
work as they would over a wired network. This level of security is above that
already provided by the use of password protection by your network operating
system.
Figure 6-4
4. The following screen will appear, where you will choose your WEP
Encryption settings. For the Authentication Type, select Open System
(default setting).(See Figure 6-5.)
The present standard for this encryption, set by the IEEE (the Institute of
Electrical and Electronics Engineers), is defined as 40-bit (sometimes also
called 64-bit) encryption. Some vendors, including Linksys, offer the higher
128-bit encryption. These numbers refer to the complexity of the algorithms
generated in order to code and decode the data transmitted. The higher the bit
number, the greater the complexity of the algorithm, which is designed to pro-
vide increasingly secure encryption. Be aware, however, that higher levels of
encryption often negatively affect network data transmission rates. This
encryption is not necessary for the operation of your wireless network
device, but is strongly recommended. Your need for security can only be
determined by you. If your security needs are such that ordinary password pro-
tection is sufficient, you may decide not to use the additional WEP Encryption.
However, should your security needs dictate it, the Cable/DSL Wireless-Ready
Router can provide as secure a connection as is available in wireless network-
ing.
Note: The
screen
shown in
this graphic
may differ
from yours.
Figure 6-5
5. For the Encryption, choose 64 Bit Encryption or 128 Bit Encryption. The
one you choose must also be used on all your other network devices. Enter
Hexadecimal characters, which are the letters “A” through “F” and the num-
bers “0” through “9” into the fields provided. If you have set a WEP
Encryption on a wireless device on your network, then you must use the
same key set. All devices on a network must use the same key set.
1. At the Setup Screen, if you choose to enable WEP Encryption, select
Mandatory under the WEP section.
2. Press the WEP Key Setting button to set the WEP Encryption type and
level.
6. Click the Save button, then the Close button and the encryption portion of
the setup is now complete.
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Status
Password
This tab displays the current status of the Router; it reflects data and selections
that you have entered under the setup tab.
Figure 6-6
It is strongly recommended that you set a password for the router. When you
first power up the router, you will notice that the Password setting default is
admin.For security, we recommend that you change your password often.
Figure 6-7
All of the information provided on this screen is read-only. To make changes,
select the Setup tab.
• Host Name This field shows the name of your Router. This entry is neces-
sary for some ISPs.
• Firmware Version This field shows the installed version of the firmware.
• Login This field shows whether you have enabled the use of the Router’s
PPPoE support and the status.
To change your password, enter your new password in the Router Password
box. Enter it again in the box just below the Router Password box, exactly as
you typed it in the first box. When you are sure you have entered the password
as you want it, press the Apply button.
• LAN These fields display the current IP Address and Subnet Mask of the
Router, as seen by users on your internal network.
• WAN These fields display the WAN IP Address, WAN Subnet Mask, and
WAN Default Gateway IP address of the Router, as seen by external users on
the Internet.
• DNS (Domain Name System) IP Address These fields show the IP
Address(es) of the DNS currently used by the Router. Multiple DNS IP set-
tings are common. In most cases, the first available DNS entry is used.
If you set the Restore Factory Default option and click Apply,
you will clear all of the Router’s settings. Do not restore to
the factory defaults unless you want to completely set up the
Router again. Once the Router is reset, you will have to re-
enter your configuration.
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• DHCP Release Click the DHCP Release button to release the WAN IP
address from the Router.
DHCP
• DHCP Renew Click the DHCP Renew button to get the new WAN IP
address from your ISP.
• DHCP Clients Table Click on the Clients Table button to show the current
DHCP Client information. (This information is stored in temporary memo-
ry, so the list of clients could disappear.)
A DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) Server automatically assigns
IP addresses to each computer on your network. Unless you already have one,
it is highly recommended that your router be set up as a DHCP server.
DHCP
Figure 6-8
• DHCP Server Check the Enable option to enable the DHCP server option
of the router. If you already have a DHCP server on your network, set the
router’s DHCP option to Disable.
• Starting IP Address Enter a numerical value for the DHCP server to start
with when issuing IP addresses.
• Number of DHCP Users Enter the maximum number of PCs that you want
the DHCP server to assign IP addresses to, with the absolute maximum
being 253.
• DHCP Clients Table Click on the Clients Table button to show the cur-
rent DHCP Client information. (This information is stored in temporary
memory, so the list of clients could disappear.)
Help
Help
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Log
Help
Under the Help tab, you’ll find links to all of the Router’s internal support doc-
umentation, including the application that upgrades the Router’s firmware.
This tab shows the status of Logging on the Router. If you enable logging, the
Router will keep a record of all sites on the Internet (i.e., e-mail, ftp sites, etc.)
that have been accessed through the Router.
Figure 6-10
for free. If the Router can access the Internet already, there’s no need to down-
load a newer firmware version, unless that version has a new feature that you
want to use. Loading new firmware onto the Router might not enhance the
speed or the quality of your connection speed.
Figure 6-9
• Incoming/Outgoing Access Logs: Here you will specify whether
you want to make a record of Internet sites that have been accessed through
the Router. Both outgoing or incoming addresses can be recorded. (For
instance, if you have a web server, you can keep a record of the sites from
which your web server has been accessed.)
• E-Mail Logs: Select Send Incoming Log or Send Outgoing Log. Enter the
Email address and Subject for the log. Add the IP Address of the SMTP
E-Mail Server and the Port Number.
• E-Mail Schedule: Choose to send the log When log is full or enter a spe-
cific time. Select the Timezone in the drop-down menu.
• Click the Apply button to save any changes.
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UPnP
Filters
Filters block specific internal users
from accessing the Internet. You
can set up a filter through an IP
address or a network port number.
This screen shows the Universal Plug and Play services that are available.
Filtered Private IP Range
• To set up a filter using IP
addresses, enter the range of IP
addresses you wish to filter in
the IP address fields. Users who
have filtered IP addresses will
not be able to access the Internet
at all. If you only want to filter
one IP address instead of a
range of IP addresses, enter the
same value into both fields.
Filtered Private Port Range
• To filter users by network port
Figure 6-12
Figure 6-11
number, enter a network port
Microsoft ME and XP feature Universal Plug and Play (UPnP), which allows
automatic discovery and configuration of equipment attached to the LAN.
UPnP allows enabled applications to automatically manage the router.
number or a range of network ports. Select the protocol for each port number you
want to filter, TCP or UDP. Enter the port numbers you want to filter in the port
numbers fields. Users connected to the Router will no longer be able to access any
port number listed there.
There are two ways to begin the UPnP configuration. Choose one:
• Double-click My Network Place. Then double-click the Linksys
BEFSR41W icon.
Editing MAC Filter Setting
• This feature filters the network adapter’s specific MAC address from going out to
the Internet.
Using either method, you will see the Setup tab. Click the Advanced tab. Then
click the UPnP tab.
• To check your network adapter’s MAC address, run “winipcfg” or “ipconfig” in
the command prompt. To set the MAC filter, click the Edit MAC Filter Setting
button. When a second window appears, select the range in the drop-down box,
and at the MAC number prompt, enter the 12-digit MAC address you want to fil-
ter. Click the Apply button and then the Continue button before closing the win-
dow.
On the UPnP tab, you have three features to choose from:
• Enable UPnP Services This allows Windows XP to activate the UPnP fea-
ture for automatic configuration.
• Allow users to make configuration changes through UPnP This allows
you to make manual changes while still using the UPnP feature.
• Allow users to disable Internet access This allows you to prohibit any and
all Internet connections.
Block WAN Request
• By enabling the Block WAN Request feature, you can prevent your network from
being pinged or detected by other Internet users. The Block WAN Request feature
also adds another measure of security to your network by hiding your network
ports. Both functions of the Block WAN Request feature make it more difficult for
outside users to work their way into your network.
Click Apply to accept changes, or click Cancel to cancel changes.
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Port
Port Forwarding
• Click on Apply to save any changes.
Using IPSec Pass Through
• This feature lets you use IPSec Pass Through. To use this feature, click on
Enable next to “IPSec Pass Through,” then click on Apply.
• To disable IPSec Pass Through, click on Disable, and then click on Apply.
Using PPTP Pass Through
• Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol is the method used to enable VPN
(Virtual Private Network) sessions. To enable this feature, click on
Enable next to PPTP Pass Through, then click Apply.
For
• To disable this feature, click on Disable next to PPTP Pass Through, then
click on Apply.
Using L2TP Pass Through
• This feature lets you use L2TP Pass Through. To use this feature, click on
Enable next to “L2TP Pass Through,” and then click on Apply.
• To disable L2TP Pass Through, click on Disable, and then click on Apply.
Using Remote Management
Figure 6-13
• This feature allows you to manage your Router from a remote location, via the
Internet. To enable this feature, click on Enable, and enter the desired port num-
ber from 1025 to 65535 (By default it is set to 8080). Then click on Apply.
This screen displays preset application settings as well as options for cus-
tomization of port services for other applications.
Using remote management is easy. Once you have enabled remote management,
enter http://<WAN IP Address>:8080 or the Port Number you have defined,
into the browser of any PC on the network. Press the Enter key. You will then be
able to alter the Router configuration settings.
The Preset Applications are among the most widely used Internet applications.
They include the following:
• FTP (File Transfer Protocol) A protocol used to transfer files over a TCP/IP
network (Internet, UNIX, etc.). For example, after developing the HTML
pages for a Web site on a local machine, they are typically uploaded to the
Web server using FTP. FTP includes functions to log on to the network, list
directories, and copy files. FTP operations can be performed by typing com-
mands at a command prompt or via an FTP utility running under a graphical
interface such as Windows. FTP transfers can also be initiated from within a
Web browser by entering the URL preceded with ftp://.
• To disable Remote Management, click on Disable, then click on Apply.
Using Default MTU (Maximum Transmission Unit)
•
This feature allows you to specify the largest packet size permitted for network
transmission. Select Enable and enter the value desired. It is recommended that
you leave this value within the 1200 to 1500 range. Most DSL users should use
1492. When this function is disabled, the MTU is set at a default value of 1500.
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• Telnet A terminal emulation protocol commonly used on the Internet and
TCP/IP-based networks. It allows a user at a terminal or computer to log on
to a remote device and run a program.
To add a customized application in the UPnP Forwarding screen:
1. Enter the name of the application in the appropriate Customized
• SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) The standard e-mail protocol on the
Internet. It is a TCP/IP protocol that defines the message format and the
message transfer agent (MTA), which stores and forwards the mail.
• DNS (Domain Name System) The way that Internet domain names are
located and translated into IP addresses. A domain name is a meaningful and
easy-to-remember “handle” for an Internet address.
Applications field. Continue with the fields on the same line.
2. In the Ext. Port field, enter the number of the external port used by the
server.
3. Check Protocol TCP or Protocol UDP, depending on which protocol you
• TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol) A version of the TCP/IP FTP proto-
col that has no directory or password capability.
use.
• Finger A UNIX command widely used on the Internet to find out informa-
tion about a particular user, such as telephone number, whether currently
logged on or the last time logged on. The person being “fingered” must have
placed his or her profile on the system. Fingering requires entering the full
user@domain address.
4. Enter the number of the internal port.
5. Enter the IP address of the server that you want the Internet users to access.
Refer to your software documentation for more information about chang-
ing service port settings, if necessary.
• HTTP (HyperText Transport Protocol) The communications protocol used
to connect to servers on the World Wide Web. Its primary function is to
establish a connection with a Web server and transmit HTML pages to the
client browser.
6. Now, check the Enable box or the changes that you made to UPnP
Forwarding will not function.
• POP3 (Post Office Protocol 3) A standard mail server commonly used on
the Internet. It provides a message store that holds incoming e-mail until
users log on and download it. POP3 is a simple system with little selectivity.
All pending messages and attachments are downloaded at the same time.
POP3 uses the SMTP messaging protocol.
Port Range Forwarding
Forwarding is generally used to set up a web server, ftp server, or e-mail serv-
er on your network. The router’s DHCP function must be disabled to use
Forwarding.
• NNTP (Network News Transfer Protocol) The protocol used to connect to
Usenet groups on the Internet. Usenet newsreaders support the NNTP pro-
tocol.
Click the View Port Range Forwarding button to open the Port Range
Forwarding screen. (See Figure 6-14.) Port forwarding sets up public services
on your network. When users from the Internet make certain requests of your
network, the router will forward those requests to the appropriate computer.
• SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) A widely used network
monitoring and control protocol. Data is passed from SNMP agents, which
are hardware and/or software processes reporting activity in each network
device (hub, router, bridge, etc.) to the workstation console used to oversee
the network. The agents return information contained in a MIB
(Management Information Base), which is a data structure that defines what
is obtainable from the device and what can be controlled (turned off, on,
etc.).
You must check the Enable box to enable the applications you have defined.
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Dynamic Routing
Figure 6-15
With Dynamic Routing you can automatically adjust to physical changes in the
network’s layout. Using RIP protocol, the router determines the route of the
network packets based on the fewest number of hops between the source and
the destination. The RIP protocol regularly broadcasts routing information to
other routers on the network. To set up Dynamic Routing:
Figure 6-14
1. Choose the correct working mode. Use Gateway Mode if your Router is
hosting your network’s connection to the Internet. Use Router Mode if the
router exists on a network with other routers.
To add a server using Port Range Forwarding:
1. Enter the name of the application in the appropriate Customized
Applications field. Continue with the fields on the same line.
2. In the TX field, choose the protocol by which you transmit data on the net-
work.
2. In the Ext. Port field, enter the number of the external port used by the
server.
3. In the RX field, choose the protocol by which you receive data on the net-
work.
3. Check Protocol TCP or Protocol UDP, depending on which protocol you
use.
4. Click the Apply button to save your changes.
4. Enter the IP address of the server that you want the Internet users to access.
Refer to your software documentation for more information about chang-
ing service port settings, if necessary.
5. Now, check the Enable box or the changes that you made to Port Range
Forwarding will not function.
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Static Routing
Subnet Mask The Subnet Mask (also known as the Network Mask) deter-
mines which portion of an IP address is the network portion, and which
portion is the host portion. In the example above, the Network Mask is
255.255.255.0. This determines (by using the values 255) that the first
three numbers of a network IP address identify this particular network,
while the last digit (from 1 to 254) would identify the specific host.
Default Gateway IP This IP address should be the IP address of the gateway
device that allows for contact between the Router and the remote network
or host.
Hop Count This value gives the number of nodes that a data packet passes
through before reaching its destination. A node is any device
on the network, such as switches, PCs, etc.
Interface This interface tells you whether your network is on the internal
LAN or the WAN, or the external Internet. If you are connecting to a sub-
network, select LAN. If you’re connecting to another network through the
Internet, select WAN.
Figure 6-16
If your Router is connected to more than one network, it may be necessary to
set up a static route between them. A static route is a pre-determined pathway
that network information must travel to reach a specific host or network. Click
the Show Routing Table button to view the current static routing configura-
tion.
3. Click the Apply button to save your changes.
To create a static route entry:
1. Select Static Route Entry from the drop down list. The Cable/DSL Router
supports up to 20 static route entries.
2. Enter the following data to create a new static route:
Destination LAN IP The Destination LAN IP is the address of the remote
network or host to which you want to assign a static route. Enter the IP
address of the host for which you wish to create a static route here. If you
are building a route to an entire network, be sure that the network portion
of the IP address is set to zero (0). For example, the Router’s standard IP
address is 192.168.1.1. Based on this address, the address of the network to
which the Router is connected is 192.168.1, with the last digit (1, in this
case) determining the Router’s place on the network. Therefore you would
enter the IP address 192.168.1.0 if you want to route to the Router’s entire
network, rather than just to the Router.
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DMZ Host
MAC Address Cloning
Figure 6-18
MAC Address Cloning allows you to assign the Router a MAC address, which
is a 12-digit code assigned to a unique piece of hardware for identification, like
a Social Security number. Some ISPs require that you register the MAC
address of your network card/adapter, which was connected to your cable or
DSL modem during installation.
Figure 6-17
The DMZ Host setting allows one local computer to be exposed to the Internet
for the use of special-purpose services such as Internet gaming or video-con-
ferencing.
Click on the Clone button to find your adapter’s MAC address and click OK.
To expose one computer, enter the computer’s IP address and click the Apply
button. Inactivate DMZ by entering a zero (0). DMZ Host
This clones your network adapter’s MAC address onto your Router, and pre-
vents you from having to call your ISP to change the registered MAC address
to the adapter’s MAC address. Z Host
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3. I can’t browse through the Cable/DSL Wireless-Ready Router.
• Check if both ends of the network cable and power adapter are properly
connected. Check if the status LEDs on the front panel are functioning
properly.
Appendix A: Troubleshooting
Common Problems and Solutions
• If using Windows 95 or Windows 98, check the TCP/IP setup on the
client side. Run winipcfg by clicking on the Start button, selecting Run,
and typing winipcfg in the Run box. Then press Enter. The PC should
have an IP address of 192.168.1.xxx (“xxx” is from 2 to 254.) The Subnet
Mask is 255.255.255.0; the default gateway IP should be the Router’s IP
Address, and check that the DNS is correct.
This section provides possible solutions to problems regarding the installation
and operation of the Cable/DSL Wireless-Ready Router. If your situation is
described here, the problem should be solved by applying the corresponding
solution. If you can’t find an answer here, check the Linksys website at
• Same as above, check the same setup values on the Status Monitor page
of the Cable/DSL Wireless-Ready Router.
1. I can’t connect to the Cable/DSL Wireless-Ready Router.
• Ensure that the Cable/DSL Wireless-Ready Router is properly installed,
LAN connections are OK, and it is powered ON.
• Ensure that your PC and the Cable/DSL Wireless-Ready Router are on
the same network segment. If you are not sure, initiate the DHCP func-
tion, and let the PC get the IP address automatically.
• Ensure that your PC is using an IP address within the default range of
192.168.1.2 to 192.168.1.254 and thus compatible with the Cable/DSL
Wireless-Ready Router default IP Address of 192.168.1.1
• Also, the Subnet Mask should be set to 255.255.255.0 to match the
Cable/DSL Wireless-Ready Router. For the Cable/DSL Wireless-Ready
Router, you can check these settings by going to the Start Menu. Click
on Settings, then Control Panel, then double-click on Network, to
check the Properties for the TCP/IP protocol.
4. When I enter a URL or IP address, I get a time out error.
• Check if other PCs work. If they do, ensure that your workstations IP set-
tings are correct (IP address, Subnet Mask, Default gateway and DNS)
• If the PCs are configured correctly, but still not working, check the
Cable/DSL Wireless-Ready Router. Ensure that it is connected and ON.
Connect to it and check its settings. (If you cannot connect to it, check
the LAN and power connections.)
• If the Cable/DSL Wireless-Ready Router is configured correctly, check
your Internet connection (DSL/Cable modem, etc.) to see that it is work-
ing correctly.
• Manually configure the TCP/IP with a DNS address provided by your
ISP.
5. I can’t obtain an IP address from my cable or DSL modem.
• Ensure that all of your cabling is properly connected and that all of the
router’s WAN and LAN LEDs are correctly illuminated.
• Power down your cable or DSL modem for a few seconds. Turn it back
on. After the modem goes through its self-test, check to see if you now
have an IP address.
2. The Diag LED stays lit when it shouldn’t.
• The Diag LED lights up when the device is first powered up. Meantime,
the system will boot up itself and check for proper operation. After fin-
ishing the checking procedure, the LED turns off to show the system is
working fine. If the LED remains lit after this time, the device is not
working properly. Try to re-flash the firmware by assigning a static IP
address to the computer, and then upgrade the firmware again. If that
doesn’t help, contact your dealer for further inspection.
• Ensure that your cable or DSL modem is DHCP-capable.
• You may have to enter the router or host name in the Setup page of the
Router’s web-based utility. Go to the Setup section of the Web-based
Utility for more information.
• Your ISP may require Mac addresses. Check with your ISP. This address
can be obtained in the Status screen of the Router’s Web-based Utility.
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Does the Cable/DSL Wireless-Ready Router support any operating system other
than Windows 95, Windows 98, Windows 2000, Windows NT, or Windows XP?
Yes, but Linksys does not at this time provide technical support for setup,
configuration or troubleshooting of any non-Windows operating systems.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the maximum number of IP addresses that the Cable/DSL Wireless-Ready
Router will support? The Router will support up to 253 IP addresses.
Is IPSec Pass-Thru supported by the Router? Yes, it is a built-in feature that the
router automatically enables.
Does the Cable/DSL router support ICQ send file? Yes, with the following fix:
ICQ menu-> preference -> connections tab-> check “I am behind a firewall
or proxy,” and set the firewall time-out to 80 seconds in firewall setting. The
Internet user can then send a file to a user behind the router.
Where is the Cable/DSL Wireless-Ready Router installed on the network? In a typ-
ical environment, the Router is installed between the Cable/DSL Modem and
the LAN. Plug the Cable/DSL Wireless-Ready Router into the Cable/DSL
Modem’s Ethernet port.
How do I get Napster to work with the Router? Napster is fully compatible with
the Router, but you must make sure that, during installation, you select “no
idea” when asked about your firewall selection. Set your proxy settings to
“No Proxy Server” in your File>Preferences.
Does the Cable/DSL Wireless-Ready Router support IPX or AppleTalk? No. TCP/IP
is the only protocol standard for the Internet and has become the global stan-
dard for communications. IPX, a NetWare communications protocol used
only to route messages from one node to another, and AppleTalk, a commu-
nications protocol used on Apple and Macintosh networks, can be used from
LAN to LAN connections, but those protocols cannot connect from WAN to
LAN.
I set up an Unreal Tournament Server, but others on the LAN cannot join. What do
I need to do? If you have a dedicated Unreal Tournament server running, you
need to create a static IP for each of the LAN computers and forward ports
7777, 7778, 7779, 7780, 7781, and 27900 to the IP address of the server. If
you want to use the UT Server Admin, forward another port (8080 usually
works well), and then in the [UWeb.WebServer] section of the server.ini file,
set the ListenPort to 8080 (to match the mapped port above) and ServerName
to the IP assigned to the router from your ISP.
Does the WAN connection of the Cable/DSL Wireless-Ready Router support 100Mb
Ethernet? Because of the speed limitations of broadband Internet connections,
the Cable/DSL Router’s current hardware design supports 10Mb Ethernet on
its WAN port. It does, of course, support 100Mbps over the auto-sensing Fast
Ethernet 10/100 switch on the LAN side of the router.
Can multiple gamers on the LAN get on one game server and play simultaneously
with just one public IP address? It depends on which network game or what
kind of game server you are using. For example, Unreal Tournament supports
multi-login with one public IP.
What is Network Address Translation and what is it used for? Network Address
Translation (NAT) translates multiple IP addresses on the private LAN to one
public address that is sent out to the Internet. This adds a level of security
since the address of a PC connected to the private LAN is never transmitted
on the Internet. Furthermore, NAT allows the Cable/DSL Wireless-Ready
Router to be used with low cost Internet accounts, such as DSL or cable
modems, when only one TCP/IP address is provided by the ISP. The user may
have many private addresses behind this single address provided by the ISP.
How do I get Half-Life: Team Fortress to work with the Router? The default client
port for Half-Life is 27005. The computers on your LAN need to have
“+clientport 2700x” added to the HL shortcut command line; the x would be
6, 7, 8, and on up. This lets multiple computers connect to the same server.
One problem: Version 1.0.1.6 won’t let multiple computers with the same CD
key connect at the same time, even if on the same LAN (not a problem with
1.0.1.3). As far as hosting games, the HL server does not need to be in the
DMZ. Just forward port 27015 to the local IP of the server computer. There
remains, however, a problem with people being booted after a few minutes
with an “illegible server message.”
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The web page hangs; downloads are corrupt, or nothing but junk characters are
being displayed on the screen. What do I need to do? Force your NIC to
10Mbps or half duplex mode, and turn off the “Auto-negotiate” feature of
your NIC as a temporary measure. (Please look at the Network Control
Panel, in your Ethernet Adapter’s Advanced Properties tab.). Make sure that
your proxy setting is disabled in the browser. Check our website at
If DMZ is used, does the exposed user share the public IP with the Router? No.
Does the Router pass PPTP packets or actively route PPTP sessions? The router
allows PPTP packets to pass through.
Is the Router cross-platform compatible? Any platform that supports Ethernet
and TCP/IP is compatible with the router.
If all else fails in the installation, what can I do? Reset the router by holding down
the reset button for at least three seconds and reset your cable or DSL modem
by powering the unit off and then on. Obtain and flash the latest firmware
Will the Router allow me to use my own public IPs and Domain, or do I have to use
the IPs provided by the Router? The router mode allows for customization of
your public IPs and Domain.
How many ports can be simultaneously forwarded? Theoretically, the router can
establish 520 sessions at the same time, but you can only forward 10 ranges
of ports.
How will I be notified of new router firmware upgrades? All Linksys firmware
can be downloaded for free. The router's firmware can be upgraded with
TFTP programs.
Does the Router replace a modem? Is there a cable or DSL modem in the Router?
No, this version of the router must work in conjunction with a cable or DSL
modem.
Does the Cable/DSL Wireless-Ready Router support IPSec? Yes, but only pass
through IPSec is supported.
Which modems are compatible with the Router? The router is compatible with
Will the router function in a Macintosh environment? Yes, but the router’s setup
pages are accessible only through Internet Explorer v4.0 or Netscape
Navigator v4.0 or higher for Macintosh.
virtually any cable or DSL modem that supports Ethernet.
What are the advanced features of the Router? The router’s advanced features
include Filters, Forwarding, Dynamic Routing, Static Routing, and DMZ
host.
With which type of firewall is the router equipped? The Cable/DSL Wireless-
Ready Router uses NAT and TCP/IP port inspections.
Does Linksys provide syslog support? No, Linksys does not currently provide
Does the Router do Stateful packet inspection? No
syslog support.
I am not able to get the web configuration screen for the Router. What can I do?
You may have to remove the proxy settings on your Internet browser, e.g.,
Netscape Navigator or Internet Explorer. Or remove the dial-up settings on
your browser. Check with your browser documentation.
How can I check whether I have static DHCP IP Addresses? Consult your ISP to
confirm the information.
How do I get mIRC to work with the Router? Set port forwarding to 113 for the
computer on which you are using mIRC. If you are experiencing difficulty
after setting the port forwarding, try changing the Direct Client-to-Client
(DCC) settings to a range from 1024 to 1030 on the DCC option and
Forwarding page of the Web-based Setup Utility.
What is DMZ? Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) allows one IP address (computer) to
be exposed to the Internet. Some applications require multiple TCP/IP ports
to be open. It is recommended that you set your computer with a static IP if
you want to use DMZ.
If your questions are not addressed here, refer to the contact information
on the last page of this manual.
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3. At the DOS command prompt, type ping mail. (assuming that the loca-
tion for which you’re trying to find an IP address is configured as “mail”).
Press Enter. Information such as the following data, taken from a ping of
Microsoft Network’s e-mail server, will be displayed.
Appendix B: How to Obtain Your
ISP’ s E-mail & Web Addresses
C:\>ping mail
Virtually all Internet addresses are configured with words or characters (i.e.,
addresses are assigned to IP addresses, which are the true addresses on the
into your web browser and you will wind up at the Linksys home page every
time.
Pinging mail [24.53.32.4] with 32 bytes of data:
Reply from 24.53.32.4: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=128
Reply from 24.53.32.4: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=128
Reply from 24.53.32.4: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=128
Reply from 24.53.32.4: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=128
IP and web addresses, however, can sometimes be long and hard to remember.
Because of this, certain ISPs will shorten their server addresses to single words
or codes on their users’ web browser or e-mail configurations. If your ISP’s e-
mail and web server addresses are configured with single words (“www,” “e-
mail,” “home,” “pop3,” etc.) rather than whole Internet addresses or IP address-
es, your Router may have problems sending or receiving mail and accessing the
Internet. This happens because your Router has not been configured by your
ISP to accept their abbreviated server addresses.
Ping statistics for 24.53.32.4:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0%
loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms
4. Write down the IP address returned by the ping command. (In the
example above: 24.53.32.4.) This IP address is the actual IP address of the
server “mail,” or any other word or value you have pinged.
The solution is to determine the true web addresses behind your ISPs code
words. You can determine the IP and web addresses of your ISP’s servers by
“pinging” them.
Step Two: Pinging for a Web Address
If you don’t have your ISP’s web and e-mail IP addresses, you
must either get them from your ISP or follow these steps prior
to connecting your Router to your network.
While the IP address returned above would work as your e-mail server address,
it may not be permanent. IP addresses change all the time. Web addresses, how-
ever, usually don’t. Because of this, you’re likely to have fewer problems by
configuring your system with web addresses rather than IP addresses. Follow
the instructions below to find the web address assigned to the IP address that
you just pinged.
Step One: Pinging an IP Address
The first step to determining your ISP’s web and e-mail server address is to
ping its IP address.
1. At the DOS command prompt, type “ping -a 24.53.32.4,” where
24.53.32.4 is the IP address that you just pinged. Information such as the
following data will be displayed.
1. Power on the computer and the cable or DSL modem, and restore the
network configuration set by your ISP if you have since changed it.
2. Click Start, then Run, and type command. This will bring up the DOS
window.
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C:\>ping -a 24.53.32.4
Appendix C: Installing the
TCP/IP Protocol
Pinging mail.msnv3.occa.home.com [24.53.32.4] with
32 bytes of data:
Follow these instructions to install the TCP/IP Protocol on one of your PCs only
after a network card has been successfully installed inside the PC. These
instructions are for Windows 95, 98 or Millennium. For TCP/IP setup under
Microsoft Windows NT, 2000, or XP, please refer to your Microsoft Windows
NT, 2000, or XP manual.
Reply from 24.53.32.4: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=127
Reply from 24.53.32.4: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=127
Reply from 24.53.32.4: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=127
Reply from 24.53.32.4: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=127
Ping statistics for 24.53.32.4:
1. Click the Start button. Choose Settings, then Control Panel.
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0%
loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms
2. Double-click the Network icon. Your Network window should pop up.
Select the Configuration tab.
2. Write down the web address returned by the ping command (In the
example above: mail.msnv3.occa.home.com.). This web address is the web
address assigned to the IP address you just pinged. While the IP address of
“mail” could conceivably change, it is likely that this web address will not.
3. Replace your ISP’s abbreviated server address with this extended web
address in the corresponding Internet application (web browser, e-mail
application, etc.).
Once you have replaced the brief server address with the true server address,
your Router should have no problem accessing the Internet through that
Internet application.
Figure C-1
3. Click the Add button.
4. Double-click Protocol.
5. Highlight Microsoft under the list of manufacturers.
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6. Find and double-click TCP/IP in the list on the right side.
Appendix D: Twisted-Pair Cabling
There are different grades, or categories, of twisted-pair cabling. Category 5 is
the most reliable and is highly recommended. Category 3 is a good second
choice. Straight-through cables are used for connecting computers to a hub.
Crossover cables are used for connecting a hub to another hub (there is an
exception: some hubs have a built-in uplink port that is crossed internally; this
allows you to link or connect hubs together with a straight-through cable
instead).
You can buy pre-made Category 5
cabling, or cut and crimp your own.
Category 5 cables can be purchased or
crimped as either straight-through or
crossover. Inside a Category 5 cable
are eight thin, color-coded wires that
run from one end of the cable to the
other. All eight wires are used. In a
straight-through cable, wires 1, 2, 3,
and 6 at one end of the cable are also
wires 1, 2, 3, and 6 at the other end. In
a crossover cable, the order of the
wires change from one end to the
other: wire 1 becomes 3, and 2
becomes 6. See the dia-
Figure C-2
7. After a few seconds you will be brought back to the main Network window.
The TCP/IP Protocol should now be listed.
grams on the next page
for more detailed infor-
Figure D-1
mation on straight-
through and crossover
cabling.
To determine which wire is wire number 1, hold the cable so
that the end of the plastic RJ-45 tip (the part that goes into a
wall jack first) is facing away from you. Face the clip down
so that the copper side faces up (the springy clip will now be
parallel to the floor).When looking down on the copper side,
wire 1 will be on the far left.
Figure C-3
8. Click OK. Windows may ask for original Windows installation files. Supply
them as needed (i.e.: D:\win98, D:\win95, c:\windows\options\cabs.)
Figure D-2
9. Windows will ask you to restart the PC. Click Yes.
The TCP/IP Installation is complete.
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l
Crimping Your Own Network
Appendix E: Glossary
Ad-hoc Network - An ad-hoc network is a wireless network or other small net-
work in which some of the network devices are part of the network only for the
duration of a communications session, while others stay in close proximity to
the rest of the network.
For Straight-Through Cabling, see Figure D-3 and for Cross-Over Cabling, see
Figure D-4.
• Straight-Through Cabling
BSS (Basic Service Set) - A group of Instant WirelessTM Network PC Card
users and a Wireless AP + Cable/DSL Router.
Default Gateway - The router used to forward all traffic that is not addressed
to a station within the local subnet.
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) - A protocol that lets network
administrators centrally manage and automate the assignment of Internet
Protocol (IP) addresses in an organization's network. Using the Internet's set of
protocol (TCP/IP), each machine that can connect to the Internet needs a
unique IP address. When an organization sets up its computer users with a con-
nection to the Internet, an IP address must be assigned to each machine.
Without DHCP, the IP address must be entered manually at each computer and,
if computers move to another location in another part of the network, a new IP
address must be entered. DHCP lets a network administrator supervise and dis-
tribute IP addresses from a central point and automatically sends a new IP
address when a computer is plugged into a different place in the network.
Figure D-3
•Cross-Over Cabling
DHCP uses the concept of a “lease” or amount of time that a given IP address
will be valid for a computer. The lease time can vary depending on how long a
user is likely to require the Internet connection at a particular location. It’s espe-
cially useful in education and other environments where users change fre-
quently. Using very short leases, DHCP can dynamically reconfigure networks
in which there are more computers than there are available IP addresses.
DHCP supports static addresses for computers containing Web servers that
need a permanent IP address.
DMZ - A DMZ (demilitarized zone) is a computer host or small network
inserted as a “neutral zone” between a company’s private network and the out-
side public network. It prevents outside users from getting direct access to a
server that has company data.
Figure D-4
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DNS - The Domain Name System (DNS) is the way that Internet domain
names are located and translated into Internet Protocol (IP) addresses. A
domain name is a meaningful and easy-to-remember “handle” for an Internet
address.
IEEE - The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. The IEEE
describes itself as “the world's largest technical professional society—promot-
ing the development and application of electrotechnology and allied sciences
for the benefit of humanity, the advancement of the profession, and the well-
being of our members.”
DSSS - Also known as “Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum,” this is a variety of
radio transmission methods that continuously change frequencies or signal pat-
terns. Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS), which is used in CDMA,
multiplies the data bits by a very fast, pseudo-random bit pattern (PN sequence)
that “spreads” the data into a large coded stream that takes the full bandwidth
of the channel
The IEEE fosters the development of standards that often become national and
international standards. The organization publishes a number of journals, has
many local chapters, and has several large societies in special areas, such as the
IEEE Computer Society.
Infrastructure - An infrastructure network is a wireless network or other small
network in which the wireless network devices are made a part of the network
through an Access Point that connects them to the rest of the network.
Dynamic IP Address - An IP address that is automatically assigned to a client
station in a TCP/IP network, typically by a DHCP server. Network devices that
serve multiple users, such as servers and printers, are usually assigned static IP
addresses.
IP Address - In the most widely installed level of the Internet Protocol (IP)
today, an IP address is a 32-binary digit number that identifies each sender or
receiver of information that is sent in packets across the Internet. When you
request an HTML page or send e-mail, the Internet Protocol part of TCP/IP
includes your IP address in the message (actually, in each of the packets if more
than one is required) and sends it to the IP address that is obtained by looking
up the domain name in the Uniform Resource Locator you requested or in the
e-mail address you're sending a note to. At the other end, the recipient can see
the IP address of the Web page requester or the e-mail sender and can respond
by sending another message using the IP address it received.
ESS - More than one BSS in a network.
FHSS - Also known as “Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum.” Frequency
Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS) continuously changes the center frequency
of a conventional carrier several times per second according to a pseudo-ran-
dom set of channels, while chirp spread spectrum changes the carrier frequen-
cy. Because a fixed frequency is not used, illegal monitoring of spread spec-
trum signals is extremely difficult, if not downright impossible depending on
the particular method.
IPCONFIG - A utility that provides for querying, defining and managing IP
addresses within a network. A commonly used utility, under Windows NT and
2000, for configuring networks with static IP addresses.
Firewall - A firewall is a set of related programs, located at a network gateway
server, that protects the resources of a network from users of other networks.
(The term also implies the security policy that is used with the programs.) An
enterprise with an intranet that allows its workers access to the wider Internet
installs a firewall to prevent outsiders from accessing its own private data
resources and to control which outside resources to which its own users have
access.
IPSec - IPSec (Internet Protocol Security) is a developing standard for securi-
ty at the network or packet processing layer of network communication. A big
advantage of IPSec is that security arrangements can be handled without
requiring changes to individual user computers.
Basically, a firewall, working closely with a router program, examines each
network packet to determine whether to forward it toward its destination.
ISP - An ISP (Internet service provider) is a company that provides individuals
and companies access to the Internet and other related services such as website
building and virtual hosting.
Firmware - Programming that is inserted into programmable read-only mem-
ory, thus becoming a permanent part of a computing device.
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LAN - A local area network (LAN) is a group of computers and associated
devices that share a common communications line and typically share the
resources of a single processor or server within a small geographic area (for
example, within an office building).
PrintServer - A hardware device that enables a printer to be located anywhere
in the network.
RJ-45 - A connector similar to a telephone connector that holds up to eight
wires, used for connecting Ethernet devices.
MAC Address - The MAC (Media Access Control) address is a unique num-
ber assigned by the manufacturer to any Ethernet networking device, such as a
network adapter, that allows the network to identify it at the hardware level.
Roaming - The ability to use a wireless device and be able to move from one
access point’s range to another without losing the connection.
mIRC - mIRC runs under Windows and provides a graphical interface for log-
ging onto IRC servers and listing, joining, and leaving channels.
SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) - A widely used network mon-
itoring and control protocol. Data is passed from SNMP agents, which are
hardware and/or software processes reporting activity in each network device
(hub, router, bridge, etc.) to the workstation console used to oversee the net-
work. The agents return information contained in a MIB (Management
Information Base), which is a data structure that defines what is obtainable
from the device and what can be controlled (turned off, on, etc.).
NAT - NAT (Network Address Translation) is the translation of an Internet
Protocol address (IP address) used within one network to a different IP address
known within another network. One network is designated the inside network
and the other is the outside.
Network Mask - also known as the “Subnet Mask.”
SSID (Service Set IDentifier) - A unique name shared among all points in a
wireless network. The SSID must be identical for each point in the wireless net-
work and is case-sensitive. Also known as "ESSID."
Packet Filtering - Discarding unwanted network traffic based on its originat-
ing address or range of addresses or its type (e-mail, file transfer, etc.).
Static IP Address - A permanent IP address that is assigned to a node in a
PCMCIA - The PCMCIA (Personal Computer Memory Card International
Association) is an industry group organized in 1989 to promote standards for a
credit card-size memory or I/O device that would fit into a personal computer,
usually a notebook or laptop computer.
TCP/IP network.
Subnet Mask - The method used for splitting IP networks into a series of sub-
groups, or subnets. The mask is a binary pattern that is matched up with the IP
address to turn part of the host ID address field into a field for subnets.
Ping (Packet INternet Groper) - An Internet utility used to determine whether
a particular IP address is online. It is used to test and debug a network by send-
ing out a packet and waiting for a response.
TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) - A method (protocol) used along with
the Internet Protocol (IP) to send data in the form of message units between
computers over the Internet. While IP takes care of handling the actual deliv-
ery of the data, TCP takes care of keeping track of the individual units of data
(called packets) that a message is divided into for efficient routing through the
Internet.
PPPoE (Point to Point Protocol over Ethernet) - A method used mostly by DSL
providers for connecting personal computers to a broadband modem for
Internet access. It is similar to how a dial-up connection works but at higher
speeds and quicker access.
TCP/IP - Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) is the
basic communication language or protocol of the Internet. It can also be used
as a communications protocol in a private network (either an intranet or an
extranet). When you are set up with direct access to the Internet, your comput-
er is provided with a copy of the TCP/IP program just as every other computer
that you may send messages to or get information from also has a copy of
TCP/IP.
PPTP (Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol) - A protocol (set of communication
rules) that allows corporations to extend their own corporate network through pri-
vate “tunnels” over the public Internet. Effectively, a corporation uses a wide-area
network as a single large local area network. A company no longer needs to lease
its own lines for wide-area communication but can securely use the public net-
works. This kind of interconnection is known as a virtual private network (VPN).
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UDP (User Datagram Protocol) - A communications method (protocol) that
offers a limited amount of service when messages are exchanged between com-
puters in a network that uses the Internet Protocol (IP). UDP is an alternative
to the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and, together with IP, is sometimes
referred to as UDP/IP. Like the Transmission Control Protocol, UDP uses the
Internet Protocol to actually get a data unit (called a datagram) from one com-
puter to another. Unlike TCP, however, UDP does not provide the service of
dividing a message into packets (datagrams) and reassembling it at the other
end. Specifically, UDP doesn't provide sequencing of the packets that the data
arrives in. This means that the application program that uses UDP must be able
to make sure that the entire message has arrived and is in the right order.
Network applications that want to save processing time because they have very
small data units to exchange (and therefore very little message reassembling to
do) may prefer UDP to TCP.
Appendix F: Specifications
Model Number
BEFSR41W
Standards
PC Card 16-bit standard, IEEE 802.3 (10BaseT),
IEEE 802.3u (100BaseTX), IEEE 802.11b
(Wireless)*
Protocol
CSMA/CD
Ports
WAN:
LAN:
One 10Base-T RJ-45 Port for Cable/DSL Modem
Four 10/100 RJ-45 Switched Ports,
One Shared Uplink Port
UTP - Unshielded twisted pair is the most common kind of copper telephone
wiring. Twisted pair is the ordinary copper wire that connects home and many
business computers to the telephone company. To reduce crosstalk or electro-
magnetic induction between pairs of wires, two insulated copper wires are
twisted around each other. Each signal on twisted pair requires both wires.
Since some telephone sets or desktop locations require multiple connections,
twisted pair is sometimes installed in two or more pairs, all within a single
cable.
Speed
WAN
LAN
10Mbps
10/100Mbps (Half Duplex) 20/200Mbps (Full
Duplex)
Up to 11 Mbps
Wireless*
Cabling Type
UTP Category 5 or better
Virtual Server - Multiple servers that appear as one server, or one system
image, to the operating system or for network administration
Operating Range*
(Wireless)
Indoors: Up to 300 ft. (91m)
Outdoors: Up to 1500 ft. (457m)
WAN - A communications network that covers a wide geographic area, such as
a state or country.
LEDs Power, Diag
WAN
100, Full/Col, Link/Act, WLAN
WAN
LAN
WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) - A data privacy mechanism based on a 64-
bit shared key algorithm, as described in the IEEE 802.11 standard.
WINIPCFG - Configuration utility based on the Win32 API for querying,
defining, and managing IP addresses within a network. A commonly used util-
ity, under Windows 95, 98, and Millennium, for configuring networks with
static IP addresses.
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Environmental
Environ
Appendix G: Warranty
Information
BE SURE TO HAVE YOUR PROOF OF PURCHASE AND A BARCODE
FROM THE PRODUCT'S PACKAGING ON HAND WHEN CALLING.
RETURN REQUESTS CANNOT BE PROCESSED WITHOUT PROOF OF
PURCHASE.
Dimensions
Unit Weight
Power Input
Certifications
7.31" x 1.88" x 6.16" (186 mm x 48 mm x 157 mm)
14.4 oz. (0.40 kg).
External, 12V DC, 800mA
FCC Class B, CE Mark
Operating Temperature 0ºC to 40ºC (32ºF to 104ºF)
Storage Temperature
Operating Humidity
Storage Humidity
-20ºC to 70ºC (-4ºF to 158ºF)
IN NO EVENT SHALL LINKSYS’ LIABILITY EXCEED THE PRICE PAID
FOR THE PRODUCT FROM DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDEN-
TAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES RESULTING FROM THE USE
OF THE PRODUCT, ITS ACCOMPANYING SOFTWARE, OR ITS DOCU-
MENTATION. LINKSYS DOES NOT OFFER REFUNDS FOR ANY PROD-
UCT.
10% to 85%, Non-Condensing
5% to 90%, Non-Condensing Support
LINKSYS OFFERS CROSS SHIPMENTS, A FASTER PROCESS FOR PRO-
CESSING AND RECEIVING YOUR REPLACEMENT. LINKSYS PAYS
FOR UPS GROUND ONLY. ALL CUSTOMERS LOCATED OUTSIDE OF
THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND CANADA SHALL BE HELD
RESPONSIBLE FOR SHIPPING AND HANDLING CHARGES. PLEASE
CALL LINKSYS FOR MORE DETAILS.
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Appendix H: Contact
Information
For help with the installation or operation of this product, contact Linksys
Customer Support at one of the phone numbers or Internet addresses below.
Sales Information
Tech Support
RMA Issues
Fax
800-546-5797 (LINKSYS)
800-326-7114
949-261-1288
949-261-8868
Email
Web
FTP Site
ftp.linksys.com
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