User Guide
Part Number 900-618
Revision B January 2013
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Disclaimer
Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause interference, in
which case the user, at his or her own expense, will be required to take whatever
measures may be required to correct the interference.
Note: This product has been designed to comply with the limits for a Class B digital
device pursuant to Part 15 of FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide
reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This
equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy, and if not
installed and used in accordance with this guide, may cause harmful interference to
radio communications.
Changes or modifications to this device not explicitly approved by Lantronix will void
the user's authority to operate this device.
Note: With the purchase of xPico, the OEM agrees to an OEM firmware license
agreement that grants the OEM a non-exclusive, royalty-free firmware license to use
and distribute the binary firmware image provided, only to the extent necessary to
use the xPico hardware. For further details, please see the xPico OEM firmware
license agreement.
Revision History
Date
Rev. Comments
April 2012
January 2013
A
B
Initial release for firmware version 6.8.0.0.
Updated for firmware version 6.8.0.3.
For the latest revision of this product document, please check our online
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Table of Contents
Warranty....................................................................................................................... 2
Disclaimer..................................................................................................................... 3
Protocol Support......................................................................................................... 12
Port Numbers....................................................................................................... 13
Network Configuration................................................................................................ 19
Network Mode...................................................................................................... 20
Automatic IP Address Configuration.................................................................... 20
Static IP Address Configuration........................................................................... 21
Ethernet Configuration......................................................................................... 21
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Table of Contents
Serial Settings...................................................................................................... 25
Connection Settings - UDP.................................................................................. 30
Configurable Pin Settings........................................................................................... 32
Configurable Pin Functions.................................................................................. 32
Telnet Connection................................................................................................ 34
Serial Port Connection......................................................................................... 35
I/F (Interface) Mode.................................................................................................... 41
a) Incoming Connection....................................................................................... 43
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Table of Contents
e) Modem Mode................................................................................................... 47
DisConnMode............................................................................................................. 50
TCP Keepalive time in seconds........................................................................... 54
CPU Performance................................................................................................ 55
Disable Monitor Mode at bootup.......................................................................... 55
Enable alternate MAC.......................................................................................... 56
Disable Port 77FE (Hex)...................................................................................... 58
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Table of Contents
Enable Encryption................................................................................................ 59
Security Settings Defaults.................................................................................... 61
Features............................................................................................................... 62
Control Protocol.......................................................................................................... 63
Examples.................................................................................................................... 65
Entering Monitor Mode Using the Serial Port............................................................. 70
Entering Monitor Mode Using the Network Port......................................................... 70
Problems and Error Messages................................................................................... 73
Converting Binary to Hexadecimal............................................................................. 77
Conversion Table................................................................................................. 77
RoHS Notice............................................................................................................... 79
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1. Using This Guide
Purpose and Audience
This guide covers xPico Device Server Module. It provides the information needed to
configure, use, and update the xPico firmware and is intended for OEMs and system
integrators who are embedding the xPico in their end product designs.
Chapter Summary
The remaining chapters in this guide include:
Document
Description
Describes the main features of the xPico and the protocols
it supports.
Provides information for getting your unit up and running,
using DeviceInstaller to assign an IP address.
Details using the Web-Manager to set parameters such as
port and server properties.
Provides instructions for accessing Setup Mode (command
line interface) using a Telnet connection through the
network or a terminal or terminal emulation program
through the serial port.
Details the network (server) settings
Details the serial port settings.
Details expert and security settings and explains how to
reset the unit to factory default values.
Provides instructions for configuring the eight General
Purpose I/O pins (CP1-8).
Provides instructions for obtaining the latest firmware and
updating the xPico.
Provides instructions for accessing and using the
command line interface for monitoring the network and
diagnosing problems.
Describes common problems and error messages and how
to contact Lantronix Technical Support.
Provides instructions for converting binary numbers to
hexadecimals.
Provides compliance information.
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1: Using This Guide
Additional Documentation
latest documentation and the following additional documentation.
Document
Description
xPico Quick Start
Provides the steps for getting the xPico evaluation board up
and running.
xPico Integration Guide
Provides information about the xPico hardware, testing the
xPico using the evaluation board, and integrating the xPico
into your product.
xPico Development Kit
Quick Start
Instructions for using the xPico on the xPico evaluation board.
Com Port Redirector
User Guide
Provides information on using the Windows-based utility to
create a virtual com port.
DeviceInstaller Online
Help
Provides information on using DeviceInstaller to configure IP
addresses and locate Lantronix devices on the network.
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2. Introduction
This chapter summarizes the xPico device server’s features and the basic
information needed to get started.
Capabilities
The xPico device server has the following capabilities:
Connects devices through a TCP data channel or through a Telnet connection to
computers or to another device server. The xPico also supports UDP datagrams.
Contains a web [HTTP] server allowing presentation of custom content and easy
configuration through a browser.
Has eight programmable I/O pins used to monitor or control attached devices.
Applications
The xPico device server connects serial devices such as those listed below to
Ethernet networks using the IP protocol family.
ATM machines
CNC controllers
Data collection devices
Environmental sensors
Universal Power Supply (UPS) management units
Telecommunications equipment
Data display devices
Security alarms and access control devices
Handheld instruments
Modems
Time/attendance clocks and terminals
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2: Introduction
Protocol Support
The xPico device server uses the Internet Protocol (IP) for network communications.
It uses the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) to assure that no data is lost or
duplicated, and that everything sent to the connection arrives correctly at the target.
Supported protocols include:
ARP, TCP/IP, UDP/IP, BOOTP, ICMP, Telnet, TFTP, AutoIP, DHCP, HTTP, and
SNMP for network communications and management.
TCP/IP, UDP/IP, and Telnet for connections to the serial port.
TFTP for firmware and web page updates.
IP for addressing, routing, and data block handling over the network.
User Datagram Protocol (UDP) for typical datagram applications in which devices
interact with other devices without maintaining a point-to-point connection.
Configuration Methods
For the unit to operate correctly on a network, it must have a unique IP address on
the network. There are three basic methods for logging into the device server to
assign an IP address and configure the unit:
DeviceInstaller: Assign an IP address and view the current xPico configuration using
Web-Manager: Through a web interface, configure the xPico and its settings using
Serial & Telnet Ports: There are two approaches to accessing Serial Mode. Make a
Telnet connection to the network port (9999) or connect a terminal (or a PC running a
terminal emulation program) to the unit’s serial port. (See 5 Configuration via Telnet
Addresses and Port Numbers
Hardware Address
The hardware address is also referred to as the Ethernet address or the MAC
address. The first three bytes of the Ethernet address identify the unit as a Lantronix
product. The fourth, fifth, and sixth bytes are unique numbers assigned to each unit.
Example: 00-80-A3-14-01-18
Note: Make note of the MAC address. It is needed to locate the xPico using
DeviceInstaller.
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2: Introduction
IP Address
Every device connected to an IP network must have a unique IP address. This
address is used to reference the specific unit. The xPico is automatically assigned an
IP address on DHCP-enabled networks, as it is DHCP-enabled by default.
Port Numbers
Every TCP connection and every UDP datagram is defined by a destination IP
address and a port number. For example, a Telnet application commonly uses port
number 23. A port number is similar to an extension on a phone system.
The unit's serial channel (port) can be associated with a specific TCP/UDP port
number. Port number 9999 is reserved for access to the unit's Setup (configuration)
Mode window. Ports 0-1024 are reserved as well. For more information on reserved
Product Information Label
The product information label on the unit contains the following information about the
specific unit:
Part Number
Revision
Manufacturing Date Code
Product Model
Country of Origin
Lantronix Datamatrix Barcode
MAC Address
Figure 2-1. Product Label
Part Number
MAC Address
Revision
Manufacturing
Date Code
Product Model
Lantronix
Datamatrix
Barcode
Country of Origin
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3. Using DeviceInstaller
This chapter covers the steps for getting the xPico device server online and viewing
its current configuration.
Note: DeviceInstaller is a free utility program provided by Lantronix that
discovers, configures, upgrades, and manages Lantronix Device Servers. It
can be downloaded from the Lantronix website at
For instructions on using DeviceInstaller to configure the IP address and
related settings or for more advanced features, see the DeviceInstaller
Installing DeviceInstaller
To install DeviceInstaller:
1. Download the latest version of DeviceInstaller from
2. Run the executable to start the installation process.
3. Respond to the installation wizard prompts. (If prompted to select an installation
type, select Typical).
Assigning an IP Address
The unit’s IP address must be configured before it can work correctly on a network.
You have several options for assigning an IP to your unit. We recommend that you
manually assign the IP address over the network using DeviceInstaller.
Note: To use a serial connection instead of an Ethernet connection to configure the
The unit’s IP address is normally set to 0.0.0.0 at the factory. The hardware address
is on the product label. The unit is DHCP enabled as the default.
To assign an IP address manually:
1. Click StartPrograms LantronixDeviceInstallerDeviceInstaller. If your
PC has more than one network adapter, a message displays. Select an adapter
and click OK.
Note: If the unit already has an IP address (e.g., DHCP has assigned an IP address),
click the Search icon and select the unit from the list of Lantronix device servers on
the local network.
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3: Using DeviceInstaller
2. Click the Assign IP icon
.
3. If prompted, enter the hardware address (on the product label) and click Next.
4. Select Assign a specific IP address and click Next.
5. Enter the IP address. The Subnet mask displays automatically based on the IP
address; if desired, you may change it. On a local network, you can leave the
Default gateway blank (all zeros). Click Next.
6. Click the Assign button and wait several seconds until a confirmation message
displays. Click Finish.
7. Select the device from the main window list and select Ping from the Tools
menu. The Ping Device dialog box shows the IP address of the selected unit.
8. From the Tools menu, click the Ping button. The results display in the Status
window. Click the Clear Status button to clear the window so you can ping the
device again.
Note: If you do not receive “Reply” messages, make sure the unit is properly
attached to the network and that the IP address assigned is valid for the particular
network segment you are working with. If you are not sure, check with your systems
administrator.
9. Click the Close button to close the dialog box and return to the main window.
Accessing the xPico Using DeviceInstaller
1. Click StartPrograms LantronixDeviceInstallerDeviceInstaller.
2. Click the xPico folder. The list of available Lantronix xPico modules display.
3. Expand the list of xPicos by clicking the + symbol next to the xPico icon. Select
the xPico unit by clicking on its IP address to view its configuration.
Viewing the Current Configuration
DeviceInstaller provides a view of the unit's configuration.
To view the unit's current settings:
1. Follow the instructions above to locate the xPico.
2. In the right pane, click the Device Details tab. The current xPico configuration
displays:
Name
Configurable field. A name that identifies the xPico.
Double-click the field, type in the value, and press Enter to
complete. This name is not visible on other PCs or laptops
using DeviceInstaller.
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DHCP Device Name
Non-configurable field. Displays the name associated with
xPico’s current IP address, if the IP address was obtained
dynamically.
To change the DHCP device name, see Configuration Using
Group
Configurable field. A group name to categorize the xPico.
Double-click the field, type in the value, and press Enter to
complete. This group name is not visible on other PCs or
laptops using DeviceInstaller.
Comments
Device Family
Configurable field. Information about the xPico.
Double-click the field, type in the value, and press Enter to
complete. This description or comment is not visible on other
PCs or laptops using DeviceInstaller.
Non-configurable field. Displays the xPico’s device family as
xPico.
Type
ID
Non-configurable field. Displays the device type as xPico.
Non-configurable field. Displays the xPico’s ID embedded
within the unit.
Hardware Address
Firmware Version
Non-configurable field. Displays the xPico’s hardware (or MAC)
address.
Non-configurable field. Displays the firmware currently installed
on the xPico.
Extended Firmware
Version
Non-configurable field. Displays the full version nomenclature of
the firmware.
Online Status
Non-configurable field. Displays the xPico’s status as online,
offline, unreachable (the xPico is on a different subnet), or busy
(the xPico is currently performing a task).
IP Address
Non-configurable field. Displays the xPico’s current IP address.
IP Address was Obtained
Displays “Dynamically” if the xPico automatically received an
IP address (e.g., from DHCP). Displays “Statically” if the IP
address was configured manually. If the IP address was
assigned dynamically, the following fields appear:
Obtain via DHCP with value of True or False.
Obtain via BOOTP with value of True or False.
Obtain via RARP with value of True or False
Obtain via Auto IP with value of True or False
Subnet Mask
Gateway
Non-configurable field. Displays the xPico’s current subnet
Non-configurable field. Displays the xPico’s current gateway.
Number of COB partitions
supported
Non-configurable field. Displays the number of COB partitions
supported.
Number of Ports
Non-configurable field. Displays the number of ports on the
xPico.
TCP Keepalive
Non-configurable field. Displays 1-65s, the xPico’s TCP
keepalive value. The default setting is 45.
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Telnet Supported
Telnet Port
Non-configurable field. Indicates if Telnet sessions are
permitted.
Non-configurable field. Displays the xPico’s port for Telnet
sessions.
Web Port
Non-configurable field. Displays the xPico’s port for Web-
Manager configuration.
Maximum Baud Rate
Supported
Non-configurable field. Displays the xPico’s maximum baud
rate.
Note: the xPico may not currently be running at this rate.
Firmware Upgradeable
Non-configurable field. Displays True, indicating the xPico’s
firmware is upgradeable as newer version become available.
Supports Configurable
Pins
Non-configurable field. Displays True, indicating configurable
pins are available on the xPico.
Supports Email Triggers
Non-configurable field. Displays False, indicating email triggers
are not supported on xPico.
Supports AES Data
Stream
Non-configurable field. Displays True. xPico supports AES
encryption.
Supports 485
Non-configurable field. Displays True. xPico supports the RS-
485 protocol.
Supports 921K Baud Rate
Non-configurable field. Displays True. xPico supports baud
rates up to 921600 bits per second (bps).
Supports HTTP Server
Supports HTTP Setup
Supports 230K Baud Rate
Supports GPIO
Non-configurable field. Displays True.
Non-configurable field. Displays True.
Non-configurable field. Displays True.
Non-configurable field. Displays True, indicating the xPico
supports General Purpose Input Output (GPIO).
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4. Configuration Using Web Manager
You must configure the unit so that it can communicate on a network with your serial
device. For example, you must set the way the unit will respond to serial and network
traffic, how it will handle serial packets, and when to start or close a connection.
The unit’s configuration is stored in nonvolatile memory and is retained without
power. You can change the configuration at any time. The unit performs a reset after
you change and store the configuration.
In this chapter, we describe how to configure the xPico using Web-Manager,
Lantronix’s browser-based configuration tool. (For information on using Setup Mode,
our command line configuration interface, see 5 Configuration via Telnet or Serial
Note: The examples in this section show a typical device. Your device may have
different configuration options.
Accessing Web-Manager Using DeviceInstaller
1. Run DeviceInstaller and search for the list of available Lantronix device servers.
2. Click on the xPico folder. The list of available xPicos displays.
3. Expand the list of xPicos by clicking the + symbol next to the xPico icon.
4. Select the xPico unit by clicking its hardware address.
5. In the right pane, click the Web Configuration tab.
6. To view the xPico’s Web-Manager in the current DeviceInstaller window, click the
Go button. To open the Web-Manager in a web browser, click the External
Browser button.
Note: Alternatively, to open Web-Manager, open your web browser and
enter the IP address of the xPico.
A dialog box appears to prompt for a User Name and Password.
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4: Configuration Using Web Manager
Figure 4-1. Web-Manager Login Window
7. Perform one of the following:
If no Telnet password has been defined (default), leave both fields blank and
click OK.
If a Telnet password has been defined, leave the username blank, type in the
password, and then click OK.
The Web-Manager displays.
Figure 4-2. Lantronix Web-Manager
The main menu is in the left pane of the Web-Manager window.
Network Configuration
The unit’s network values display when you select Network from the main menu. The
following sections describe the configurable parameters on the Network Settings
page.
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4: Configuration Using Web Manager
Figure 4-3. Network Settings
Network Mode
1. Click Network from the main menu.
2. Note the following:
Wired Only is the only choice. It enables the Ethernet network
Network Mode
connectivity.
Automatic IP Address Configuration
An IP address can be assigned automatically. You then enter related network
settings.
To assign an IP address automatically:
1. On the main menu, click Network.
2. Select Obtain IP address automatically.
3. Enter the following (as necessary):
BOOTP
Select Enable to permit the Bootstrap Protocol (BOOTP).
server to assign the IP address from a pool of addresses
automatically. Enable is the default.
DHCP
Select Enable to permit the Dynamic Host Configuration
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4: Configuration Using Web Manager
Protocol (DHCP) to assign a leased IP address to the xPico
unit automatically. Enable is the default.
AutoIP
Select Enable to permit the xPico to generate an IP in the
169.254.x.x address range with a Class B subnet. Enable is
the default.
DHCP Host Name
Enter the desired host name for the xPico.
Note: Disabling BOOTP, DHCP, and AutoIP (all three checkboxes) is not advised as
the only available IP assignment method will then be ARP or serial port.
4. When you are finished, click the OK button.
5. On the main menu, click Apply Settings.
Static IP Address Configuration
You manually assign an IP address to the unit and enter related network settings.
To assign an IP address manually:
1. On the main menu, click Network.
2. Select Use the following IP configuration.
3. Enter the following (as necessary):
IP Address
If DHCP is not used to assign IP addresses, enter it manually
in decimal-dot notation. The IP address must be set to a
unique value in the network.
Subnet Mask
A subnet mask defines the number of bits taken from the IP
address that are assigned for the host part.
Default Gateway
The gateway address, or router, allows communication to
other LAN segments. The gateway address should be the IP
address of the router connected to the same LAN segment as
the unit. The gateway address must be within the local
network.
DNS Server
The DNS server allows the name of a remote machine to be
resolved automatically. Enter the IP address of the DNS
server. If the device is DHCP enabled, the DHCP server
provides the DNS server IP address, which will override this
configured value.
Note: This setting is applicable only in Manual Connection
mode.
4. When you are finished, click the OK button.
5. On the main menu, click Apply Settings.
Ethernet Configuration
You must specify the speed and direction of data transmission.
To specify how data will be transmitted:
1. On the main menu, click Network.
2. Enter the following (as necessary):
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Auto Negotiate
With this option, the Ethernet port auto-negotiates the speed
and duplex with the hardware endpoint to which it is
connected. This is the default.
If this option is not selected, the complete the fields that
become available:
Speed: The speed of data transmission. The default
is 100 Mbps.
Duplex: The direction of data transmission. The
default is Full.
3. When you are finished, click the OK button.
4. On the main menu, click Apply Settings.
Server Configuration
The unit’s server values display when you select Server from the main menu. The
following sections describe the configurable parameters on the Server Settings page.
Figure 4-4. Server Settings
To configure the xPico’s device server settings:
1. On the main menu, click Server.
2. Configure or modify the following fields:
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Server Configuration
Advanced Password
Select whether to enable advanced password:
Enable: selecting this option enables advanced
password creation, allowing you to create passwords up
to 16 bytes in length.
Disable: selecting this option disables advanced
password creation, allowing you to create basic
passwords up to 4 bytes in length.
Telnet/Web
Manager Password
Enter the password required for Telnet configuration and Web
Manager access.
Retype Password
Re-enter the password required for Telnet configuration and
Web Manager access.
Advanced
ARP Cache Timeout
When the unit communicates with another device on the
network, it adds an entry into its ARP table. ARP Cache
timeout defines the number of seconds (1-600) before it
refreshes this table.
TCP Keepalive
TCP Keepalive time defines how many seconds the unit waits
during an inactive connection before checking its status. If the
unit does not receive a response, it drops that connection.
Enter a value between 0 and 60 seconds. 0 disables
keepalive. The default setting is 45.
Monitor Mode @ Bootup
Select Disable to disable entry into the monitor mode using
the 'yyy' or 'xx1' key sequence at startup. This field prevents
the unit from entering monitor mode by interpreting the stream
of characters that are received during the device server's
initialization at startup.
CPU Performance Mode
HTTP Server Port
Select the xPico’s performance mode. Higher performance
settings require more energy. Regular is 48 Mhz; High is 88
Mhz. The default is Regular.
This option allows the configuration of the web server port
number. The valid range is 1-65535. The default port is 80.
Config Server Port
MTU Size
Not applicable for this product.
The Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) is the largest physical
packet size a network can transmit for TCP and UDP. Enter
between 512 and 1400 bytes. The default is 1400 bytes.
TCP Re-transmission
timeout (ms)
The desired TCP re-transmission timeout value. If the ACK is
not received for a packet sent from the xPico device, then the
unit will retransmit the data. The valid range is 500-4000
msec.
3. When you are finished, click the OK button.
4. On the main menu, click Apply Settings.
Host List Configuration
The xPico scrolls through the host list until it connects to a device listed in the host
list table. After a successful connection, the unit stops trying to connect to any others.
If this connection fails, the unit continues to scroll through the table until the next
successful connection.
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4: Configuration Using Web Manager
The host list supports a minimum of 1 and a maximum of 12 entries. Each entry
contains an IP address and a port number.
Note: The host list is disabled for Manual and Modem Mode. The unit does not
accept a data connection from a remote device when the hostlist option is enabled.
To configure the xPico’s host list:
1. On the main menu, click Hostlist.
Figure 4-5. Hostlist Settings
2. Enter or modify the following fields:
Retry Settings
Retry Counter
Enter the value for the number of times the xPico should
attempt to retry connecting to the host list.
Retry Timeout
Enter the duration (in milliseconds) the xPico should abandon
attempting a connection to the host list.
Host Information
Host Address
Port
Enter or modify the host’s IP address.
Enter the target port number.
3. When you are finished, click the OK button.
4. On the main menu, click Apply Settings.
Channel 1 and 2 Configuration
The Channel 1 and Channel 2 configuration define how the serial ports respond to
network and serial communication.
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Note: Directions for configuring Channel 1 serial settings and connection
apply for Channel 2 configuration, except where indicated.
Serial Settings
To configure the channel’s serial settings:
1. On the main menu, click Serial Settings (under Channel 1) to display the Serial
Settings window.
Figure 4-6. Channel Serial Settings
2. In the available fields, enter the following information:
Channel 1
Disable Serial Port
When selected, disables communication through the serial port.
The serial port is enabled by default.
Note: This checkbox only applies to Channel 2.
Port Settings
Protocol
From the drop-down menu, select the protocol type for the
selected channel.
Channel 1: RS232, RS422/RS485 – 4 wire or RS485 – 2
wire protocols.
Channel 2: RS232 only
Flow Control
Flow control manages data flow between devices in a network to
ensure it is processed efficiently. Too much data arriving before a
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4: Configuration Using Web Manager
device is prepared to manage it causes lost or retransmitted data.
None is the default.
Channel 1: None, Xon/Xoff, Xon/Xoff Pass Chars to Host or
CTS/RTS (hardware).
Channel 2: None, Xon/Xoff or Xon/Xoff Pass Chars to Host
Baud Rate
Data Bits
The unit and attached serial device, such as a modem, must
agree on a speed or baud rate to use for the serial connection.
Valid baud rates are 300, 600, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600 (default),
19200, 38400, 57600, 115200, or 230400, 460800, or 921600
Note: It is recommended to use hardware flow control for baud
rates of 38400 and higher or it could result in data loss.
Indicates the number of bits in a transmitted data package. The
default is 8.
Parity
Checks for the parity bit. The default is None.
Stop Bits
The stop bit follows the data and parity bits in serial
communication. It indicates the end of transmission. The default
is 1.
Pack Control
Enable Packing
Select to enable packing on the xPico.
Two firmware-selectable packing algorithms define how and
when packets are sent to the network.
The standard algorithm is optimized for applications in which
the unit is used in a local environment, allowing for very small
delays for single characters, while keeping the packet count
low.
The alternate packing algorithm minimizes the packet count
on the network and is especially useful in applications in a
routed Wide Area Network (WAN). Adjusting parameters in
this mode can economize the network data stream.
Disabled by default.
Idle Gap Time
Select the maximum time for inactivity. The default time is
12 milliseconds.
Match 2 Byte Sequence
Use to indicate the end of a series of data to be sent as one
group. The sequence must occur sequentially to indicate end
of the data collection to the xPico. The default is No.
Match Bytes
Use to indicate the end of a series of data to be sent as one
group. Set this value to 00 if specific functions are not needed.
Send Frame Immediate
After the detection of the byte sequence, indicates whether to
send the data frame or the entire buffer. Select Yes to send
only the data frame. The default setting is No.
Send Trailing Bytes
Select the number of bytes to send after the end-of-sequence
characters. The default is None.
Flush Input Buffer (Serial to Network)
With Active Connect
Select Yes to clear the input buffer with a connection that is
initiated from the device to the network. The default is No.
With Passive Connect
Select Yes to clear the input buffer with a connection initiated
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4: Configuration Using Web Manager
from the network to the device. The default is No.
At Time of Disconnect
Select Yes to clear the input buffer when the network
connection to or from the device is disconnected. The default
is No.
Flush Output Buffer (Network to Serial)
With Active Connect
With Passive Connect
At Time of Disconnect
Select Yes to clear the output buffer with a connection that is
initiated from the device to the network. The default is No.
Select Yes to clear the output buffer with a connection initiated
from the network to the device. The default is No.
Select Yes to clear the output buffer when the network
connection to or from the device is disconnected. The default
is No.
3. When you are finished, click the OK button.
4. On the main menu, click Apply Settings.
Connection Settings - TCP
To configure a channel’s TCP settings:
1. On the main menu, click Connection. The Connection Settings window for the
channel displays.
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2. In the available fields, enter or modify the following information:
Connect Protocol
Protocol
From the drop-down menu, select TCP.
Connect Mode: Passive Connection
Accept Incoming
Select Yes to accept incoming connections. The default is
Yes.
Required
Determines whether a password is required for an incoming
passive connection. This field is not available when a
password is set for Telnet mode.
Password
If Password Required was set to Yes, enter the password for
passive connections.
Connect Mode: Active Connection
Active Connect
Select None to disable Active Connect. Otherwise, indicate
the connection type from the drop-down list:
With Any Character: Attempts to connect when any
character is received from the serial port.
With Active Mdm Ctrl In: Accepts external connection
requests only when the Modem Control In input is
asserted.
With Start Character: Attempts to connect when it
receives a specific start character from the serial port.
The default start character is carriage return.
Manual Connection: Attempts to connect when
directed by a command string received from the serial
port.
Auto Start: Automatically connects to the remote IP
address and port after booting up.
Start Character
Modem Mode
If Active Connect is set to With Start Character, enter the
start character in this field.
Indicates the on-screen response type when in Modem Mode
(if Modem Mode is enabled).
Show IP Address After
Ring
Indicates whether to display the remote IP address upon
connection. The default setting is Yes.
Endpoint Configuration
Local Port
Enter the local port number.
Auto increment for
active connect
Select to auto-increment the local port number for new
outgoing connections. The range of auto-incremented port
numbers is 50,000 to 59,999 and loops back to the beginning
when the maximum range is reached.
Remote Port
Remote Host
Enter the remote port number.
Enter the IP address of the remote device.
Common Options
Telnet Com Port Cntrl
This field is available for configuration only when Active
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Connect is set to None. Select Enable to permit Telnet
communication to the unit. The Telnet Com Port Cntrl
feature is used in conjunction with the Com Port Redirector
(CPR) utility. (See the CPR online Help for details.)
Terminal Name
This field is available for configuration only when Telnet Mode
is set to Enable.
Use the terminal name for the Telnet terminal type. Enter only
one name. When this option is enabled, the unit also reacts to
the end of record (EOR) and binary options, which can be
used for applications such as terminal emulation to IBM hosts.
Connect Response
Use Hostlist
A single character is transmitted to the serial port when there
is a change in connection state. Default setting is None.
If this option is set to True, the device server scrolls through
the host list until it connects to a device listed in the host list
table. Once it connects, the unit stops trying to connect to any
others. If this connection fails, the unit continues to scroll
through the table until it connects to another IP in the host list.
The host list is disabled for Manual Mode and for Modem
Mode. The unit will not accept a data connection from a
remote device when the host list option is enabled.
LED
Select Blink for the status LEDs to blink upon connection or
None for no LED output.
Disconnect Mode
On Mdm_Ctrl_In Drop
Set to Yes for the network connection to or from the serial port
to disconnect (drop) when Modem Control In transitions from
an asserted state to not asserted state. The default setting is
No.
Hard Disconnect
When set to Yes, the TCP connection closes even if the
remote site does not acknowledge the disconnect request.
Check EOT (Ctrl-D)
Select Yes to drop the connection when Ctrl-D or Hex 04 is
detected. Both Telnet Com Port Cntrl and Check EOT
(Ctrl+ D) must be enabled for Disconnect with EOT to
function properly. Ctrl+D is only detected going from the serial
port to the network. The default setting is No.
Inactivity Timeout
Use this parameter to set an inactivity timeout. The unit drops
the connection if there is no activity on the serial line before
the set time expires. Enter time in the format mm:ss, where m
is the number of minutes and s is the number of seconds. To
disable the inactivity timeout, enter 00:00.
3. When you are finished, click the OK button.
4. On the main menu, click Apply Settings.
Connection Settings - UDP
To configure a channel’s UDP settings:
1. On the main menu, click Connection. The Connection Settings window for the
selected channel displays.
2. In the available fields, enter or modify the following information:
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Figure 4-8. UDP Connection Settings
Connect Protocol
Protocol
Select UDP from the drop-down menu.
Datagram Mode
Datagram Type
Configures the remote IP or network broadcast address and
the remote port. Enter 01 for directed or broadcast UDP. The
default setting is 00.
Accept Incoming
Select Yes to accept incoming UDP datagrams.
Endpoint Configuration
Local Port
Enter the local port number.
Remote Port
Remote Host
Use Broadcast
Enter the port number of the remote device.
Enter the IP address of the remote device.
Select to broadcast the UDP datagram. The default is not to
broadcast.
Note: Datagrams are sent as subnet-directed broadcasts.
Device Address Table
The table is enabled when Datagram Type is set to FD. Enter
values between 1 and 255 to identify units on the local
network of device servers.
Note: Lantronix Tech Support supports Datagram type 01.
Datagram Type FD is for OEM use.
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4: Configuration Using Web Manager
3. When you are finished, click the OK button.
4. On the main menu, click Apply Settings.
Configurable Pin Settings
There are eight configurable hardware pins on the xPico unit. For each pin, configure
the pin function, communication direction, and activity level. For more information,
To configure the xPico’s Configurable Pins:
1. On the main menu, click Configurable Pins. The Configurable Pins page opens.
Figure 4-9. Configurable Pins Settings
2. Configure or modify the following fields for each pin:
Function
From the drop-down menu, select the purpose of the
specified pin. See Configurable Pin Functions (below) for
a description of each available function.
Direction
Select whether the pin inputs or outputs.
Select the signal active level (Low or High).
Active Level
Configurable Pin Functions
General Purpose I/O
Monitors input using the 77F0 port or controls output by the
77F0 port.
Modem Ctrl Channel 1 In
Modem Ctrl Channel 1 Out
RS485 Select Channel 1
RS485 2-Wire Channel 1
For DTE device configuration this would be the DCD control
line.
For DTE device configuration this would be the DTR control
line.
Optional control signal that enables toggling between RS232
and RS485 on OEM hardware design.
Optional control signal that enables toggling between RS485
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2-wire and 4-wire mode on OEM hardware design.
Indicates channel 1 status and extended diagnostics.
Indicates channel 2 status and extended diagnostics.
Serial Channel 1 Status LED
Serial Channel 2 Status LED
3. When you are finished, click the OK button.
4. On the main menu, click Apply Settings.
Apply Settings
1. To save and apply the configuration changes to the device server, click the
Apply Settings button.
Note: Clicking OK on each page does not change the configuration on the device.
Clicking the OK button tells the xPico what changes to use; the Apply Settings
button makes the changes permanent and reboots the xPico.
Apply Defaults
1. Click the Apply Defaults button to set the device server back to the default
2. Click Yes to set factory settings or click No to cancel.
Figure 4-10. Apply Settings and Apply Defaults
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5. Configuration via Telnet or Serial Port
(Setup Mode)
You must configure the unit so that it can communicate on a network with your serial
device. As an alternative to using a web browser, as described in the previous
chapter, you can use the following procedures remotely or locally:
Use a Telnet connection to configure the unit over the network.
Use a terminal or terminal emulation program to access the serial port locally.
The series of prompts at which you enter configuration settings is called Setup
Mode.
Note: Detailed information about other setup methods is available from your
Lantronix Sales Associate.
The unit’s configuration is stored in nonvolatile memory and is retained without
power. You can change the configuration at any time. The unit performs a reset after
the configuration has been changed and stored.
This chapter tells you how to access Setup Mode and the general procedure for
using it. To complete the configuration, continue with 6 Setup Mode: Server
Note: The menus in the configuration chapters show a typical device. Your device
may have different configuration options.
Accessing Setup Mode
Telnet Connection
To configure the unit over the network, establish a Telnet connection to port 9999.
Note: You can also use DeviceInstaller to access Telnet. Select the device from the
main window list, and click the Telnet Configuration tab. Skip steps 1 and 2.
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5: Configuration via Telnet or Serial Port (Setup Mode)
To establish a Telnet connection:
1. From the Windows Start menu, click Run and type the following command,
where x.x.x.x is the IP address, and 9999 is the unit’s fixed network configuration
port number:
Windows: telnet x.x.x.x 9999
UNIX: telnet x.x.x.x:9999
2. Click OK. The following information displays.
Figure 5-1. MAC Address
MAC address 0080A366000E
Software version V6.8.0.3 (120921) XPICO
AES library version 1.8.2.1
Press Enter for Setup Mode
3. To enter Setup Mode, press Enter within 5 seconds. The configuration settings
display, followed by the Change Setup menu.
Figure 5-2. Setup Menu Options
Change Setup:
0 Server
1 Channel 1
2 Channel 2
5 Expert
6 Security
7 Defaults
8 Exit without save
9 Save and exit
Your choice ?
4. Select an option on the menu by entering the number of the option in the Your
choice ? field and pressing Enter.
5. To enter a value for a parameter, type the value and press Enter, or to confirm a
current value, just press Enter.
6. When you are finished, save the new configuration (option 9). The unit reboots.
Serial Port Connection
To configure the unit through a serial connection:
1. Connect a console terminal or PC running a terminal emulation program to your
unit's serial port.
2. Set the terminal emulator serial port settings to 9600 baud, 8 bits, no parity, 1
stop bit, no flow control.
Note: The xPico always uses these serial port settings on boot-up.
3. Reset the xPico unit by cycling the unit's power (turning the power off and back
on). Immediately upon resetting the device, enter three lowercase x characters
(xxx).
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5: Configuration via Telnet or Serial Port (Setup Mode)
Note: The easiest way to enter Setup Mode is to hold down the x key at the terminal
(or emulation) while resetting the unit. You must do this within three seconds of
resetting the xPico.
At this point, the screen display is the same as when you use a Telnet connection. To
continue, go to step 4, above, in the section, Telnet Connection
.
Exiting Setup Mode
To exit setup mode:
You have two options:
To save all changes and reboot the device, select option 9 Save and exit from
the Change Setup menu. All values are stored in nonvolatile memory.
To exit the configuration mode without saving any changes or rebooting, select
option 8 Exit without save from the Change Setup menu.
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6. Setup Mode: Server Configuration
This chapter explains how to configure the network settings.
Note: Current values appear in parentheses.
Server Configuration (Option 0)
The unit’s basic network parameters display when you select Server configuration
(option 0). The IP Address, Set Gateway IP Address, and Netmask fields display
the current values.
IP Address : (172) .(019) .(205) .(008)
Set Gateway IP Address (Y) ?
Gateway IP addr (172) .(019) .(000) .(001)
Netmask: Number of Bits for Host Part (0=default) (0)
Set DNS Server IP addr (N) ?
Change Telnet/Web Manager password (N) ?
IP Address
If DHCP is not used to assign IP addresses, enter the IP address manually. The IP
address must be set to a unique value in the network. Enter each octet and press
Enter between each section. The current value displays in parentheses.
IP Address : ( 0) ( 0) ( 0) ( 0) _
If DHCP is used, the third octet of the IP address sets the BootP/DHCP/AutoIP
options. The following table shows the bits you can manually configure to force the
xPico to disable AutoIP, DHCP, or BootP. To disable an option, set the appropriate
bit.
Table 6-1. BootP/DHCP/AutoIP Options
Options
AutoIP
DHCP
Bit
0
1
BootP
2
For example, if the third octet is 0.0.5.0, the AutoIP and BootP options are disabled;
only DHCP is enabled. (The value 5 results from adding the binary equivalents of 0
and 2.) This is the most common setting when using DHCP.
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6: Setup Mode: Server Configuration
Set Gateway IP Address
The gateway address, or router, allows communication to other LAN segments. The
gateway address should be the IP address of the router connected to the same LAN
segment as the unit. The gateway address must be within the local network. The
default is N (No), meaning the gateway address has not been set. To set the gateway
address, type Y and enter the address.
Set Gateway IP Address (N) ? Y
Gateway IP addr ( 0) ( 0) ( 0) ( 0)_
Netmask: Number of Bits for Host Part
A netmask defines the number of bits taken from the IP address that are assigned for
the host part.
Netmask: Number of Bits for Host Part (0=default) (0) _
Note: Class A: 24 bits; Class B: 16 bits; Class C: 8 bits
The unit prompts for the number of host bits to be entered, then calculates the
netmask, which appears in standard decimal-dot notation (for example,
255.255.255.0) when the saved parameters display.
Table 6-2. Standard IP Network Netmasks
Network Class
Host Bits
Netmask
A
B
C
24
16
8
255.0.0.0
255.255.0.0
255.255.255.0
Set DNS Server IP Address
The DNS server allows the name of a remote machine to be resolved automatically.
The default is N (No), indicating the DNS server address has not been set. To set the
DNS server address, type Y. At the prompt, enter the DNS server address. If the
device is DHCP enabled, the DHCP server provides the DNS server IP address,
which will override this configured value.
Note: This setting is applicable only in Manual Connection mode.
Set DNS Server IP addr <N> ?
Change Telnet/Web-Manager Password
Setting the Telnet/Web-Manager password prevents unauthorized access to the
setup menu through a Telnet connection to port 9999 or through web pages. The
password must have 4 characters.
Change Telnet/Web-Manager password (N) ? _
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6: Setup Mode: Server Configuration
An enhanced password setting (for Telnet access only) of 16 characters is available
Note: You do not need a password to access the Setup Mode window by a serial
connection.
DHCP Name
If a DHCP server has automatically assigned the IP address and network settings,
you can discover the unit by using the DeviceInstaller network search feature.
There are three methods for assigning DHCP names to the unit.
Default DHCP Name: If you do not change the DHCP name, and you are using an
IP of 0.0.0.0, then the DHCP name defaults to CXXXXXX (XXXXXX is the last 6
digits of the MAC address shown on the label on the bottom/side of the unit). For
example, if the MAC address is 00-20-4A-12-34-56, then the default DHCP name is
C123456.
Custom DHCP Name: You can create your own DHCP name. If you are using an IP
address of 0.0.0.0, then the last option in Server configuration is Change DHCP
device name. This option allows you to change the DHCP name to an alphanumeric
name (LTX in our example).
Change DHCP device name (not set) ? (N) Y
Enter new DHCP device name : LTX
Numeric DHCP Name: You can change the DHCP name by specifying the last octet
of the IP address. When you use this method, the DHCP name is LTXYY where YY
is what you chose for the last octet of the IP address. If the IP address you specify is
0.0.0.12, then the DHCP name is LTX12. This method only works with 2 digit
numbers (01-99).
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7. Setup Mode: Channel Configuration
This chapter explains how to configure the serial port.
Channel 1 (Option 1) or Channel 2 (Option 2)
Select Channel 1 (option 1) or Channel 2 (option 2) from the Change Setup menu to
define how the serial port responds to network and serial communications. The
following sections describe the configurable parameters within the Channel
configuration menu.
Figure 7-1. Serial Port Parameters
Baudrate (9600) ?
I/F Mode (4C) ?
Flow (00) ?
Port No (10001) ?
ConnectMode (C0) ?
Send '+++' in Modem Mode (Y) ?
Show IP addr after 'RING' (Y) ?
Auto increment source port (N) ?
Remote IP Address : (000) .(000) .(000) .(000)
Remote Port (0) ?
DisConnMode (00) ?
FlushMode (00) ?
DisConnTime (00:00) ?:
SendChar 1 (00) ?
SendChar 2 (00) ?
Baudrate
The unit and attached serial device, such as a modem, must agree on a speed or
baud rate to use for the serial connection. Valid baud rates are 300, 600, 1200, 2400,
4800, 9600 (default), 19200, 38400, 57600, 115200, and 230400 bits per second.
xPico also supports high-performance baud rates of 460800 and 921600 bits per
Baudrate (9600) ? _
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7: Setup Mode: Channel Configuration
I/F (Interface) Mode
The Interface (I/F) Mode is a bit-coded byte entered in hexadecimal notation.
I/F Mode (4C) ? _
The following table displays available I/F Mode options:
Note: All bit positions in the table that are blank represent “don’t care” bits for that
particular option, which can be set to either a 0 or 1 value.
Table 7-1. Interface Mode Options
I/F Mode Option
RS-232C (1)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0
0
RS-422/485
RS-485 2-wire
7 Bit
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
8 Bit
No Parity
Even Parity
Odd Parity
1 stop bit
2 stop bits (1)
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
(1) 2 stop bits are implemented by the software. This might influence performance.
The following table demonstrates how to build some common Interface Mode
settings:
Table 7-2. RS232 Interface Mode Settings
Common I/F Mode Setting
Binary
Hex
RS-232C, 8-bit, No Parity, 1 stop bit
0100 1100
4C
RS-232C, 7-bit, Even Parity, 1 stop bit 0111 1000
78
Flow
Flow control sets the local handshaking method for stopping serial input/output.
Flow (00) ? _
Use the following table to select flow control options:
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7: Setup Mode: Channel Configuration
Table 7-3. Flow Control Options
Flow Control Option
Hex
No flow control
00
01
02
05
XON/XOFF flow control
Hardware handshake with RTS/CTS lines
XON/XOFF pass characters to host
Port Number
The setting represents the source port number in TCP connections. It is the number
that identifies the channel for remote initiating connections.
Port No (10001) ? _
The default setting for Port 1 is 10001. The default setting for Port 2 is 10002. The
range is 1-65535, except for the following reserved port numbers:
Table 7-4. Reserved Port Numbers
Port Numbers Reserved for
1 – 1024
9999
Reserved (well known ports)
Telnet setup
14000-14009
30704
Reserved for Redirector
Reserved (77F0h)
30718
Reserved (77FEh)
WARNING: We recommend that you not use the reserved port numbers
for this setting as incorrect operation may result.
Use Port 0 for the outgoing local port to change with each connection. The port range
is 50,000 to 59,999. Each subsequent connection increments the number by 1 (it
wraps back around to 50,000).
Only use this automatic port increment feature to initiate a connection using TCP. Set
the port to a non-zero value when the unit is in a passive mode or when using UDP
instead of TCP.
Connect Mode
Connect Mode defines how the unit makes a connection, and how it reacts to
incoming connections over the network.
ConnectMode (C0) ? _
Enter Connect Mode options in hexadecimal notation.
Note: All bit positions in the table that are blank represent “don’t care” bits, for that
particular option, which can be set to either a 0 or 1 value.
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7: Setup Mode: Channel Configuration
Table 7-5. Connect Mode Options
Connect Mode Option
a) Incoming Connection
Never accept incoming
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
Accept with active Modem Control In
Always Accept
b) Response
Nothing (quiet)
0
1
Character response (C=connect,
D=disconnect, N=unreachable)
c) Active Startup
No active startup
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
With any character
With active Modem Control In
With a specific start character
Manual connection
Autostart
Hostlist
0
0
1
0
d) Datagram Type
Directed UDP
e) Modem Mode
No Echo
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
Data Echo & Modem Response
(Numeric)
1
Data Echo & Modem Response
(Verbose)
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
Modem Response Only (Numeric)
Modem Response Only (Verbose)
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
a) Incoming Connection
Never Accept Incoming
Rejects all external connection attempts.
Accept with active
Modem Control In
Accepts external connection requests only when the Modem
Control In input is asserted. Cannot be used with Modem
Mode.
Always Accept
Accepts any incoming connection when a connection is not
already established. Default setting.
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7: Setup Mode: Channel Configuration
b) Response
Character Response
A single character is transmitted to the serial port when there is a
change in connection state:
C = connected, D = disconnected, N = host unreachable.
The IP address of the host connecting to the CoBos device will
be provided when you use verbose mode.
This option is overridden when the Active Start Modem Mode
or Active Start Host List is in effect. Default setting is Nothing
(quiet).
c) Active Startup
No Active Startup
Does not attempt to initiate a connection under any
circumstance. Default setting.
With Any Character
Attempts to connect when any character is received from the
serial port.
With active Modem
Control In
Attempts to connect when the Modem Control In input changes
from not asserted to asserted.
With a Specific Start
Character
Attempts to connect when it receives a specific start character
from the serial port. The default start character is carriage return.
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7: Setup Mode: Channel Configuration
Manual Connection
Attempts to connect when directed by a command string
received from the serial port. The first character of the command
string must be a C (ASCII 0x43), and the last character must be
either a carriage return (ASCII 0x0D) or a line feed (0x0A). No
blanks or space characters may be in the command string.
Between the first and last command string characters must be a
full or partial destination IP address and may be a destination
port number.
The IP address must be in standard decimal-dot notation and
may be a partial address, representing the least significant 1, 2,
or 3 bytes of the remote IP address. The period is required
between each pair of IP address numbers.
If present, the port number must follow the IP address, must be
presented as a decimal number in the range 1-65535, and must
be preceded by a forward slash (ASCII 0x2F). The slash
separates the IP address and the port number. If you omit the
port number from a command string, the internally stored remote
port number starts a connection.
If a partial IP address is presented in a command string, it is
interpreted to be the least significant bytes of the IP address and
uses the internally stored remote IP address to provide the most
significant bytes of the IP address. If the IP address entered is
0.0.0.0/0, the device server enters Monitor Mode.
For example, if the remote IP address already configured in the
unit is 129.1.2.3, then an example command string would be
C3/7. (This would connect to 129.1.2.3 and port 7.) You may
also use a different ending for the connection string. For
example, C50.1/23 would connect you to 129.1.50.1 and port 23.
If an IP address does not follow the first command string
character (which is "C"), the subsequent character string is
interpreted as the host name and domain to be used in DNS
lookup. This character string can include a destination port
number as well. The port number can be preceded by either a
forward slash (/) or a colon ( : ).
Table 7-6. Manual Connection Address Example
Command String
Result if remote IP is 129.1.2.3 and remote port is
1234
Complete override; connection is started with host 121.2.4.5,
port 1
C121.2.4.5/1
C5
Connects to 129.1.2.5, port 1234
Connects to 129.1.28.10, port 12
Enters Monitor Mode
C28.10/12
C0.0.0.0/0
Tries to connect to the Lantronix web server if the
DNS server database.
If you enable Autostart, the unit automatically connects to the
remote IP address and remote port specified when the firmware
starts.
Autostart (Automatic
Connection)
Hostlist
If you enable this option, the device server scrolls through the
hostlist until it connects to a device listed in the hostlist table.
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7: Setup Mode: Channel Configuration
Command String
Result if remote IP is 129.1.2.3 and remote port is
1234
Once it connects, the unit stops trying to connect to any others.
If this connection fails, the unit continues to scroll through the
table until it is able to connect to another IP in the hostlist.
Hostlist supports a minimum of 1 and a maximum of 12 entries.
Each entry contains the IP address and the port number.
The hostlist is disabled for Manual and Modem Modes. The unit
does not accept a data connection from a remote device when
the hostlist option is enabled.
Figure 7-2. Hostlist Option
Baudrate (9600) ?
I/F Mode (4C) ?
Flow (00) ?
Port No (10001) ?
ConnectMode (C0) ? 25
Send '+++' in Modem Mode (Y) ?
Show IP addr after 'RING' (Y) ?
Auto increment source port (N) ?
Hostlist :
01. IP : 172.019.205.011 Port : 00001
02. IP : 172.019.205.012 Port : 00002
03. IP : 172.019.205.013 Port : 00003
Change Hostlist ? (N) ?
Hostlist Retrycounter (3) ?
Hostlist Retrytimeout (250) ?
DisConnMode (00) ?
FlushMode (00) ?
DisConnTime (00:00) ?:
SendChar 1 (00) ?
SendChar 2 (00) ?
To enable the hostlist:
1. Enter a Connect Mode of 0x20 (2X), where X is any digit. The menu shows you
a list of current entries already defined in the product.
2. To delete, modify, or add an entry, select Yes. If you enter an IP address of
0.0.0.0, that entry and all others after it are deleted.
3. After completing the hostlist, repeat the previous step if necessary to edit the
hostlist again.
4. For Retrycounter, enter the number of times the Lantronix unit should try to
make a good network connection to a hostlist entry that it has successfully
ARPed. The range is 1-15, with the default set to 3.
5. For Retrytimeout, enter the number of seconds the unit should wait before
failing an attempted connection. The time is stored as units of milliseconds in the
range of 10-65535. The default is 250.
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7: Setup Mode: Channel Configuration
d) Datagram Type
Directed UDP
When selecting this option, you are prompted for the Datagram type.
Enter 01 for directed or broadcast UDP. Datagrams of type 01 can be
sent as a broadcast by enabling the Send as Broadcast option. The
default is not to broadcast.
When the UDP option is in effect, the unit never attempts to initiate a
TCP connection because it uses UDP datagrams to send and receive
data.
e) Modem Mode
In Modem (Emulation) Mode, the unit presents a modem interface to the attached
serial device. It accepts AT-style modem commands and handles the modem signals
correctly.
Normally, there is a modem connected to a local PC and a modem connected to a
remote machine. A user must dial from the local PC to the remote machine,
accumulating phone charges for each connection. Modem Mode allows you to
replace modems with xPicos, and to use an Ethernet connection instead of a phone
call. By not having to change communications applications, you avoid potentially
expensive phone calls.
To select Modem Mode, set the Connect Mode to C6 (no echo), D6 (echo with full
verbose), D7 (echo with numeric response), CF (modem responses only, numeric
response), or CE (modem responses only, full verbose).
Note: If the unit is in Modem Mode, and the serial port is idle, the unit can still accept
network TCP connections to the serial port if Connect Mode is set to C6 (no echo),
D6 (echo with full verbose), D7 (echo with numeric response, CF (modem responses
only, numeric response), or CE (modem responses only, full verbose).
Without Echo
In Modem Mode, echo refers to the echo of all of the characters
entered in command mode; it does not mean to echo data that is
transferred. Quiet Mode (without echo) refers to the modem not
sending an answer to the commands received (or displaying what
was typed).
Data Echo & Modem
Response
Full Verbose: The unit echoes modem commands and responds to
a command with a message string shown in the table below.
Numeric Response: The unit echoes modem commands and
responds to a command with a numeric response.
Modem Responses
Only
Full Verbose: The unit does not echo modem commands and
responds to a command with a message string shown in the table
below.
Numeric Response: The unit does not echo modem commands
and responds to a command with a numeric response.
Table 7-7. Modem Mode Messages
Meaning
Message
Full Verbose
OK
Command was executed without error.
A network connection has been established.
A network connection has been closed.
CONNECT
NO CARRIER
A remote device, having IP address n.n.n.n, is connecting to this
device.
RING n.n.n.n.
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7: Setup Mode: Channel Configuration
Message
Meaning
Numeric Response
0
1
2
3
4
OK
Connected
Ring
No Carrier
Error
Received commands must begin with the two-character sequence AT and be
terminated with a carriage return character.
The unit ignores any character sequence received not starting with AT, and only
recognizes and processes single AT-style commands. The unit treats compound AT
commands as unrecognized commands.
If the Full Verbose option is in effect, the unit responds to an unrecognized
command string that is otherwise formatted correctly (begins with AT and ends with
carriage return) with the "OK" message and takes no further action.
If the Numeric Response option is in effect, the unit responds to an unrecognized
command string that is otherwise formatted correctly with the "OK" message and
takes no further action.
When an active connection is in effect, the unit transfers data and does not process
commands received from the serial interface.
When a connection is terminated or lost, the unit reverts to command mode.
When an active connection is in effect, the unit terminates the connection if it
receives the following sequence from the attached serial device:
No serial data is received for one second.
The character sequence +++ is received, with no more than one second between
each two characters.
No serial data is received for one second after the last + character. At this time,
the unit responds affirmatively per the selected echo/response mode.
The character string ATH is received, terminated with a carriage return. The unit
responds affirmatively according to the selected echo/response mode and drops
the network connection. The serial interface reverts to accepting command
strings.
If this sequence is not followed, the unit remains in data transfer mode.
Table 7-8. Modem Mode Commands
Modem Mode
Command
Function
ATDTx.x.x.x,pppp,
ATDTx.x.x.x/pppp,
or
Makes a connection to an IP address (x.x.x.x) and a remote port
number (pppp).
ATDTx.x.x.x:pppp
Makes a connection to an IP address (x.x.x.x) and the remote port
number defined within the unit.
ATDTx.x.x.x
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7: Setup Mode: Channel Configuration
Modem Mode
Command
Function
Forces the unit into Monitor Mode if a remote IP address and port
number are defined within the unit.
ATD0.0.0.0
Forces the unit into Monitor Mode if a remote IP address and port
number are not defined within the unit.
ATD or ATDT
Makes a connection to an IP address (x.x.x.x) and the remote port
number defined within the unit.
ATDx.x.x.x
ATH
Hangs up the connection (Entered as +++ATH ).
Enables or disables connections from the network going to the serial
port.
n=0 disables the ability to make a connection from the network to the
serial port.
ATS0=n
n=1-9 enables the ability to make a connection from the network to
the serial port.
n>1-9 is invalid.
Enables or disables character echo and responses.
n=0 disables character echo and responses.
ATEn
ATVn
n=1 enables character echo and responses.
Enables numeric response or full verbose.
n=0 enables numeric response.
n=1 enables full verbose.
Note: The unit recognizes these AT commands as single commands such as ATE0
or ATV1; it does not recognize compound commands such as ATE0V.
Send the Escape Sequence (+++) in Modem Mode
Send ‘+++’ in Modem Mode (Y) ? _
Disable or enable the xPico’s ability to send the escape sequence. The default is Y
(Yes) (send the escape sequence).
Show IP addr after 'RING'
Show IP addr after 'RING' (Y)
Disable or enable the xPico's ability to show the IP address after RING in Modem
Mode. The default is Y (Yes), to show the IP address.
Auto Increment Source Port
Auto increment source port (N) ? _
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7: Setup Mode: Channel Configuration
Y (Yes) auto increment the source port. The xPico increments the port number used
with each new connection.
Remote IP Address
This is the destination IP address used with an outgoing connection.
Remote IP Address : (000) (000) (000) (000)_
Note: This option does not display when Hostlist is enabled from the ConnectMode
Remote Port
You must set the remote TCP port number for the unit to make outgoing connections.
This parameter defines the port number on the target host to which a connection is
attempted.
Remote Port (0) ? _
To connect an ASCII terminal to a host using the unit for login purposes, use the
remote port number 23 (Internet standard port number for Telnet services).
Note: This option does not display when Hostlist is enabled from the ConnectMode
DisConnMode
This setting determines the conditions under which the unit will cause a network
connection to terminate.
DisConnMode (00) ? _
Notes:
In DisConnMode (Disconnect Mode), Modem Control In drop either drops the
connection or is ignored.
All bit positions in the table that are blank represent “don’t care” bits, for that
particular option, which can be set to either a 0 or 1 value.
Table 7-9. Disconnect Mode Options
Disconnect Mode Option
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Disconnect when Modem Control In is not asserted (6)
1
Ignore Modem Control In
0
Telnet Com Port Cntrl and terminal type setup (1)
Channel (port) password (2)
Hard disconnect (3)
1
1
0
1
Disable hard disconnect
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7: Setup Mode: Channel Configuration
Disconnect Mode Option
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
State LED off with connection (4)
1
Disconnect with EOT (^D) (5)
1
(1) The Telnet Com Port Control feature is used in conjunction with Com Port Redirector. The unit
sends the Terminal Type upon an outgoing connection.
(2) A password is required for a connection to the serial port from the network.
(3) The TCP connection closes even if the remote site does not acknowledge the disconnection.
(4) When there is a network connection to or from the serial port, the state LED turns off instead of
blinking.
(5) When Ctrl+D or Hex 04 is detected, the connection is dropped. Both Telnet Com Port Cntrl and
Disconnect with EOT must be enabled for Disconnect with EOT to function properly. Ctrl+D is only
detected going from the serial port to the network.
(6) When Modem Control In transitions from a high state to a low state, the network connection to or
from the serial port drops.
Flush Mode (Buffer Flushing)
Using this parameter, you can control line handling and network buffers with
connection startup and disconnect.
FlushMode (00) ? _
You can also select between two different packing algorithms.
Note: All bit positions in the table that are blank represent “don’t care” bits, for that
particular option, which can be set to either a 0 or 1 value.
Table 7-10. Flush Mode Options
Function
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Input Buffer (Serial to Network)
Clear with a connection initiated from the device to the network
Clear with a connection initiated from the network to the device
Clear when the network connection to or from the device is disconnected
Output Buffer (Network to Serial)
1
1
1
Clear with a connection initiated from the device to the network
Clear with a connection initiated from the network to the device
Clear when the network connection to or from the device is disconnected
Alternate Packing Algorithm (Pack Control)
1
1
1
Enable
1
Pack Control
The packing algorithms define how and when packets are sent to the network. The
standard algorithm is optimized for applications in which the unit is used in a local
environment, allowing for very small delays for single characters, while keeping the
packet count low. The alternate packing algorithm minimizes the packet count on the
network and is especially useful in applications in a routed Wide Area Network
(WAN). Adjusting parameters in this mode can economize the network data stream.
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7: Setup Mode: Channel Configuration
Pack control settings are enabled in Flush Mode. Set this value to 00 if you do not
need specific functions.
Note: All bit positions in the table that are blank represent “don’t care” bits, for that
particular option, which can be set to either a 0 or 1 value.
Table 7-11. Pack Control Options
Option
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Packing Interval
Interval: 12ms
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
Interval: 52ms
Interval: 250ms
Interval: 5sec
Trailing Characters
None
0
0
1
0
1
0
One
Two
Send Characters
2-Byte Send Character Sequence
Send Immediately After Send chars
1
1
Packing Interval
Packing Interval defines how long the unit should wait before sending accumulated
characters. This wait period is between successive network segments containing
data. For alternate packing, the default interval is 12 ms.
Trailing Characters
In some applications, CRC, Checksum, or other trailing characters follow the end-of-
sequence character; this option helps to adapt frame transmission to the frame
boundary.
Send Characters
If 2-Byte Send Character Sequence is enabled, the unit interprets the
sendchars as a 2-byte sequence; if this option is not enabled, the unit interprets
them independently.
If Send Immediately After Characters is not set, any characters already in the
serial buffer are included in the transmission after a "transmit" condition is found.
If this option is set, the unit sends immediately after recognizing the transmit
condition (sendchar or timeout).
Note: A transmission might occur if status information needs to be exchanged or an
acknowledgment needs to be sent.
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7: Setup Mode: Channel Configuration
DisConnTime (Inactivity Timeout)
Use this parameter to set an inactivity timeout. The unit drops the TCP connection to
the local port if there is no activity on the serial line before the set time expires. Enter
time in the format mm:ss, where m is the number of minutes and s is the number of
seconds.
DisConnTime (00:00) ?:
To disable the inactivity timeout, enter 00:00. Range is 0 (disabled) to 5999 seconds
(99 minutes, 59 seconds). Default is 0.
Send Characters
Enter up to two characters in hexadecimal representation in sendchar.
SendChar 1 ( 0) ? _
SendChar 2 ( 0) ? _
If the unit receives a character on the serial line that matches one of these
characters, it sends the character immediately, along with any awaiting characters, to
the TCP connection. This action minimizes the response time for specific protocol
characters on the serial line (for example, ETX, EOT). Setting the first sendchar to 00
disables the recognition of the characters. Alternatively, the unit can interpret two
Telnet Terminal Type
This parameter displays only if you enabled the terminal type option in Disconnect
Mode. With this option enabled, you can use the terminal name for the Telnet
terminal type. Enter only one name.
With terminal type option enabled, the unit also reacts to the EOR (end of record) and
binary options, useful for applications like terminal emulation to IBM hosts.
Channel (Port) Password
This parameter appears only if the channel (port) password option is enabled in
Disconnect Mode. With this option enabled, you can set a password on the serial
port.
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8. Setup Mode: Advanced Settings
Expert Settings (Option 5)
Note: You can change the Enable alternate MAC setting using telnet or serial
connections only. It is not available through the Web-Manager.
CAUTION: Only an expert should change these parameters. You must
definitely know the consequences the changes might have.
Figure 8-1. Expert Settings
TCP Keepalive time in s (1s - 65s; 0s=disable): (45) ?
ARP Cache timeout in s (1s - 600s) : (600) ?
CPU performance (0=Regular, 1=Low, 2=High): (0) ?
Disable Monitor Mode @ bootup (N) ?
HTTP Port Number : (80) ?
MTU Size (512 - 1400): (1400) ?
TCP Re-transmission Timeout (500 - 4000) (ms): (500) ?
Enable alternate MAC (N) ?
Ethernet connection type: (0) ?
The default settings are listed below:
TCP Keepalive time in s
(1s – 65s; 0s=disable)
ARP Cache timeout in s
(1s – 600s)
45
600
CPU Performance
Regular
No
80
Disable Monitor Mode @ bootup
HTTP Port Number
(1-65535)
MTU Size (512 – 1400)
0 (resulting in an operational value of 1400)
0 (resulting in an operational value of 500)
No (OEM use only)
TCP Re-transmission Timeout
Enable alternate MAC
Ethernet connection type
0 (resulting in auto-negotiation)
TCP Keepalive time in seconds
This option allows you to change how many seconds the unit waits during a silent
connection before attempting to see if the currently connected network device is still
on the network. If the unit gets no response, it drops that connection.
TCP Keepalive time in s (1s – 65s; 0s=disable): (45)? _
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8: Setup Mode: Advanced Settings
ARP Cache timeout in seconds
Whenever the unit communicates with another device on the network, it adds an
entry into its ARP table. The ARP Cache timeout option allows you to define how
many seconds (1-600) the unit will wait before timing out this table.
ARP Cache timeout in s (1s - 600s) : (600) ?
CPU Performance
This option allows you to increase the CPU performance required to use the higher
baud rates on the serial interface (460800 bps and 921600 bps). The standard CPU
performance mode supports up to 230400 bps.
CPU performance (0=Regular, 1=Low, 2=High): (0) ?
Notes:
If a baud rate of 460 Kbps or 920 Kbps is set and the high performance mode is
disabled, the operation of the serial channel would be out of the specified error
tolerance, thereby leading to inconsistent speed settings on the two ends of the
serial channel.
Increasing CPU clock speed consumes more power and generates more heat.
This reduces the maximum operating temperature specification. See the
appropriate product brief for details.
Disable Monitor Mode at bootup
This option allows you to disable all entries into Monitor Mode during startup, except
for the ‘xxx’ sequence. This prevents entry using yyy, zzz, xx1, and yy1 key
sequences (only during the bootup sequence). The default for Monitor Mode at
Disable Monitor Mode @ bootup (N) ? _
HTTP Port Number
This option allows the configuration of the web server port number. The valid range is
1-65535. The default HTTP port number is 80.
HTTP Port Number : (80) ? _
MTU Size
The Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) is the largest physical packet size a network
can transmit for TCP and UDP. Enter between 512 and 1400 bytes. The default is
1400 bytes.
MTU Size: (1400) ? _
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8: Setup Mode: Advanced Settings
TCP Re-Transmission Timeout
The TCP Re-Transmission Timeout is the interval to wait for acknowledgement of
transmitted TCP segments before re-transmitting them. Enter between 500 and 4000
ms. The default is 500 ms.
TCP Re-transmission Timeout (500 - 4000) (ms): (500) ?
Enable alternate MAC
If necessary, enable the alternate MAC address (if specified in the OEM setup
record).
Enable alternate MAC (N) ? _
Ethernet Connection Type
The xPico allows for the Ethernet speed and duplex to be manually configured. Enter
0 for auto-negotiation (default). To select the speed and duplex, enter one of the
following: 2 (10 MB/half duplex), 3 (10 MB/full duplex), 4 (100 MB/half duplex), or 5
(100 MB/full duplex).
Ethernet connection type: (0) ? _
Security Settings (Option 6)
Note: You can change security settings by means of Telnet or serial connections
only, not on the Web-Manager. We recommend that you set security over the
dedicated network or over the serial setup to prevent eavesdropping.
CAUTION: Disabling both Telnet Setup and Port 77FE will prevent users
from accessing the setup menu from the network. Disabling Port 77FE
also disables the Web from configuring the device.
Select 7 to configure security settings.
Figure 8-2. Security Settings
Disable SNMP (N) ?
SNMP Community Name (public):
Disable Telnet Setup (N) ?
Disable TFTP Firmware Update (N) ?
Disable Port 77FEh (N) ?
Disable Web Server (N) ?
Disable Web Setup (N) ?
Disable ECHO ports (Y) ?
Enable Encryption (N) ?
Enable Enhanced Password (N) ?
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8: Setup Mode: Advanced Settings
Disable Port 77F0h (N) ?
Disable SNMP
This setting allows you to disable the SNMP protocol on the unit for security reasons.
Disable SNMP (N) ? _
SNMP Community Name
The SNMP Community Name is a required field for NMS to read or write to a device.
Enter a string of 1 to 13 characters.
SNMP Community Name (public): _
The default entry is public. The current value is displayed in parentheses.
Disable Telnet Setup
Note: If you choose to disable this option, keep in mind that disabling both Telnet
Setup and Port 77FE will prevent users from accessing the setup menu from the
network.
This setting defaults to the N (No) option. The Y (Yes) option disables access to
Setup Mode by Telnet (port 9999). It only allows access locally using the web pages
and the serial port of the unit.
Disable Telnet Setup (N) ? _
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8: Setup Mode: Advanced Settings
Disable TFTP Firmware Upgrade
This setting defaults to the N (No) option. The Y (Yes) option disables the use of
TFTP to perform network firmware upgrades. With this option, you can download
firmware upgrades over the serial port using DeviceInstaller’s Recover Firmware
Disable TFTP Firmware Update (N) : _
Disable Port 77FE (Hex)
Note: If you choose to disable this option, keep in mind that disabling both Telnet
Setup and Port 77FE will prevent users from accessing the setup menu from the
network.
Port 77FE is a setting that allows DeviceInstaller, Web-Manager, and custom
programs to configure the unit remotely. You may wish to disable this capability for
security purposes.
Disable Port 77FEh (N) ? _
The default setting is the N (No) option, which enables remote configuration. You can
configure the unit by using DeviceInstaller, web pages, Telnet, or serial configuration.
The Y (Yes) option disables remote configuration and web sites.
Note: The Y (Yes) option disables many of the GUI tools for configuring the unit,
including the embedded Web-Manager tool.
Disable Web Server
This setting defaults to the N (option). The Y (Yes) option disables the web server.
Disable Web Server (N) ? _
Disable Web Setup
The Y (Yes) option disables configuration using the Web-Manager. This setting
defaults to the N (option).
Disable Web Setup (N) ? _
Disable ECHO Ports
This setting controls whether port 7 echoes characters it receives.
Disable ECHO ports (Y) ? _
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8: Setup Mode: Advanced Settings
Enable Encryption
Rijndael is the block cipher algorithm chosen by the National Institute of Science and
Technology (NIST) as the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) to be used by the
US government. The xPico supports 128-, 192-, and 256-bit encryption key lengths.
Note: Configuring encryption should be done through a local connection to the serial
port of the xPico, or via a secured network connection. Initial configuration
information, including the encryption key, is sent in clear text over the network.
To configure AES encryption on the xPico:
1. When prompted to enable encryption, select Y.
2. When prompted, enter the encryption key length. The xPico supports 128-, 192-,
and 256-bit encryption key lengths.
3. When prompted to change keys, select Y.
4. At the Enter Keys prompt, enter your encryption key. The encryption keys are
entered in hexadecimal. The hexadecimal values are echoed as asterisks to
prevent onlookers from seeing the key. Hexadecimal values are 0-9 and A-F.
.
.
.
For a 128-bit key length, enter 32 hexadecimal characters.
For a 192-bit key length, enter 48 hexadecimal characters.
For a 256-bit key length, enter 64 hexadecimal characters
5. Continue pressing Enter until you return to the Change Setup menu.
6. From the Change Setup menu, select option 9 to save and exit.
Encryption only applies to the port selected for data tunneling (default 10001 for
Channel 1 and 10002 for Channel 2), regardless of whether you are using TCP or
UDP.
Generally, one of these situations applies:
Encrypted xPico-to-xPico communication. Be sure to configure both modules
with the same encryption key.
Third-party application to xPico-encrypted communication: xPico uses standard
AES encryption protocols. To communicate successfully, products and
applications on the peer side must use the same protocols and the same
encryption key as the xPico.
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8: Setup Mode: Advanced Settings
Lantronix Secure Com Port Redirector provides an encrypted connection from
Windows-based applications to the xPico. Information about SCPR is at
A 30-day trial version of SCPR is available.
Note: Developers can license the Lantronix Encryption Library Suite. See
Enable Enhanced Password
This setting defaults to the N (No) option, which allows you to set a 4-character
password that protects Setup Mode by means of Telnet and web pages. The Y (Yes)
option allows you to set an extended security password of 16-characters for
protecting Telnet and Web Page access.
Enable Enhanced Password (Y) ? _
Disable Port 77F0 (Hex)
Port 77F0 is a setting that allows a custom application to query or set the eight xPico
configurable pins when they are functioning as general purpose I/O (GPIO). You may
want to disable this capability for security purposes. The default setting is the N (No)
option, which enables GPIO control. The Y (Yes) option disables the GPIO control
interface.
Disable Port 77F0h ? _
Default Settings (Option 7)
Select 7 to reset the unit’s Channel 1 and Channel 2 configuration and expert
settings to the default settings. The server configuration settings for IP address,
gateway IP address, and netmask remain unchanged. The configurable pins’ settings
also remain unchanged. The specific settings that this option changes are listed
below:
Channel 1 and Channel 2 Configuration Defaults
Baudrate
I/F Mode
Flow
9600
4C (1 stop bit, no parity, 8 bit, RS-232C)
00
Note: Flow control option only available for
Channel 1 configuration.
Port number
10001 for Channel 1
10002 for Channel 2
Connect Mode
C0 (always accept incoming connection; no active
connection startup)
Send '+++' in Modem Mode
Show IP addr after 'RING'
Auto increment source port
Hostlist retry counter
Enabled
Enabled
Disable
3
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Hostlist retry timeout
250 (msec)
0x0D (CR)
Start character for serial channel 1
(or channel 2)
All other parameters
0
Expert Settings Defaults
TCP Keepalive time in s
ARP Cache timeout in s
CPU Performance
45
600
0 (Regular)
Enabled
80
Monitor Mode @ bootup
HTTP Port Number
(1-65535)
MTU Size (512 – 1400)
0 (resulting in an operational value of 1400)
500 (msec)
TCP Re-transmission timeout (ms)
Alternate MAC
Disabled (for OEM use only)
0 (auto-negotiate)
Ethernet Connection Type
Security Settings Defaults
Disable SNMP
No
SNMP community name
Disable Telnet setup
public
No
Disable TFTP Firmware Update
Disable Port 77FEh
No
No
Disable Web Server
No
Disable Web Setup
No
Yes
No
No
No
Disable ECHO ports
Enable Encryption
Enable Enhanced Password
Disable Port 77F0h
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9. GPIO Interface
Configurable Pins
The xPico has eight pins (CP1-8) that you can configure for General Purpose I/O
(GPIO).
Note: You can also configure the pins for serial port control lines, such as hardware
control, modem control (CTS, RTS, DTR, and DCD), and diagnostic outputs to LED,
using DeviceInstaller.
You can use these GPIO pins to control devices such as relays, servers, lights,
monitor switches, sensors, and even processes such as data transfer.
You can set the functions for the eight pins independently and in any combination.
The initial directions (input/output) and active levels (active low or high) at boot up
can also be configured through 77FE, for example, by using DeviceInstaller.
This chapter describes how the directions, active levels, and states can be
dynamically controlled and probed through special port 77F0.
The configurable pins default configuration is:
Function: General Purpose Input
Active Level: Active Low
Features
TCP and UDP can be used.
The protocol supports up to 32 GPIO for future products.
Function configuration can be retrieved.
Input or output selection can be retrieved and controlled.
Active low or high selection can be retrieved and controlled.
Active or inactive selection can be retrieved and controlled.
77F0 can be disabled.
Every change of state (active/inactive) requires a command over TCP or UDP, and
thus is not very fast. If you use this port for data transfer, the throughput is low,
usually up to 1 Kbps.
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9: GPIO Interface
Control Protocol
The GPIO control protocol is a simple, proprietary protocol.
Guidelines
The GPIO control protocol is described from the PC side. Send means from PC to
xPico. Response comes from xPico to PC.
The protocol allows for control of up to 32 GPIOs. How many are actually available
depends on the product. xPico has only eight.
The parameters are four bytes long and represent GPIOs 0-31, with GPIO0 in bit 0 of
the first byte (Little Endian). Parameter bits for configurable pins not configured as
GPIOs are undefined for Get commands and ignored on Set commands.
Every command consists of nine bytes: one command type of one byte and two
parameters of four bytes each.
Command
0
Parameter 1
Parameter 2
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
On some commands, one or all parameters are ignored.
For UDP, command type and parameters need to be in the same datagram.
Responses to valid commands are always five bytes long, consisting of the returned
command byte and as parameters in the current or updated values. In case of an
invalid command, only one byte with value 0FFh is returned.
Command
0
Parameter 1
1
2
3
4
When sending a command (TCP and UDP), wait for the response before sending the
next command.
Commands
Byte 0 Command Types
10h
11h
12h
13h
19h
1Ah
1Bh
Get functions
Get directions (input or output)
Get active levels (high active or low active)
Get current states (active or not active)
Set directions
Set active levels
Set current states
There is no Set functions command. Since the pin’s function depends on the
hardware in which the xPico is embedded, that configuration is only allowed using
77FE. Settings changed by any of the Set commands are not stored and are lost
when the unit is powered down or rebooted.
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9: GPIO Interface
Command 10h, Get Functions
Send:
No parameters
Response:
1 parameter
Bytes 1-4: Functions
Bit X
1 means general purpose I/O available to the user.
0 means dedicated function (e.g., serial flow control, diagnostics) for
configurable pin X.
Command 11h, Get Directions
Send:
No parameters
Response:
1 parameter
Bytes 1-4: Directions
Bit X
1 means GPIO X is an output.
0 means it is an input.
Command 12h, Get Active Levels
Send:
No parameters
Response:
1 parameter
Bytes 1-4: Active levels
Bit X
1 means GPIO X is active low (0V when active, 3.3V when inactive).
0 means it is active high (3.3V when active, 0V when inactive).
Command 13h, Get Current States
Send:
No parameters
Response:
1 parameter
Bytes 1-4: States
Bit X
1 means GPIO X is active
0 means it is inactive.
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9: GPIO Interface
Command 19h, Set Directions
Send:
2 parameters
Bytes 1-4: Mask
Bit X
1 means the direction for GPIO X will be updated with the value in the
second parameter.
0 means the direction for that GPIO will not change.
Bytes 5-8: New Directions
Bit X 1 means GPIO X will become an output.
0 means it will become an input.
Response:
1 parameter
Bytes 1-4: The updated directions
Command 1Ah, Set Active Levels
Send:
2 parameters
Bytes 1-4: Mask
Bit X
1 means the direction for GPIO X will be updated with the value in the
second parameter.
0 means the active type for that GPIO will not change.
Bytes 5-8: New Active Levels
Bit X 1 means GPIO X will become active low.
0 means it will become active high.
Response:
1 parameter
Bytes 1-4: Updated active levels
Command 1Bh, Set States
Send:
2 parameters
Bytes 1-4: Mask
Bit X
1 means the state for GPIO X will be updated with the value in the
second parameter.
0 means the state for that GPIO will not change.
Bytes 5-8: New States
Bit X 1 means GPIO X will become active.
0 means it will become inactive.
Response:
1 parameter
Bytes 1-4: Updated states
Examples
Example 1: PC sends command 10h to find out which configurable pins are
available as GPIO.
PC -> xPico: 10h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h
xPico -> PC: 10h, 03h, 00h, 00h, 00h
Command details:
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9: GPIO Interface
10h = command 10h
00h, 00h, 00h, 00h = ignored
00h, 00h, 00h, 00h = ignored
Response details:
10h = response to command 10h
03h, 00h, 00h, 00h =
bits 0 and 1 are 1 →CP1 and CP2 are configured as GPIOs.
bit 2 is 0 → CP3 is configured as either serial control or diagnostics.
The other bits are ignored because there are only eight configurable pins on
the xPico.
Example 2: PC sends command 1Bh to change the current states of GPIO 0
and 1.
PC -> xPico: 1Bh, 01h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h
xPico -> PC: 1Bh, 05h, 00h, 00h, 00h
Command details:
1Bh = command 1Bh
01h, 00h, 00h, 00h = the mask that determines which GPIOs will be changed.
bit 0 is 1 → GPIO0 will be changed.
bit 1 is 0 → GPIO1 will remain the same.
00h, 00h, 00h, 00h = the new states
bit 0 is 0 → GPIO0 will become 0.
bit 1 is ignored since it is masked out.
Response details:
1Bh = response to command 1Bh
05h, 00h, 00h, 00h =
bit 0 is 1 → GPIO0 = 1
bit 1 is 0 → GPIO1 = 0
bit 2 is 1 → GPIO2 = 1
The other bits are ignored because there are only eight configurable pins on
the xPico.
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10. Firmware Upgrades
Obtaining Firmware
You can obtain the most up-to-date firmware and release notes for the unit from the
Reloading Firmware
There are several ways to update the unit's internal operational code (*.ROM): using
DeviceInstaller (the preferred way), using TFTP, or using the serial port. You can also
update the unit's internal Web interface (*.COB) using TFTP or DeviceInstaller.
Here are typical names for those files. Check the Lantronix web site for the latest
versions and release notes.
Table 10-1. Firmware Files
ROM File
COB
xpico_6800.rom
xpico_webm_1900.cob
Please refer to the DeviceInstaller online Help for information about reloading
firmware using DeviceInstaller. The other methods are discussed below.
Using TFTP: Graphical User Interface
To download new firmware from a computer:
1. Use a TFTP client to put a binary file to the unit (*.ROM to upgrade the unit's
internal operational code and *.COB to upgrade its internal web interface).
Note: TFTP requires the .rom (binary) version of the unit's internal operational code.
2. In the Host field, enter the IP address of the unit being upgraded.
3. In the Port field, enter 69.
4. Enter the full path of the firmware file in the Local File field.
5. In the Remote File field, enter the current internal operational code or WEB1 to
WEB6 for the internal web interface.
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10: Firmware Upgrades
Figure 10-1. TFTP Window
6. Click the Put button to transfer the file to the unit. The unit performs a power
reset after the firmware has been loaded and stored.
After the firmware has been loaded and stored, which takes approximately 8 seconds
to complete, the unit performs a power reset.
Using TFTP: Command Line Interface
To download new firmware from a computer:
1. Enter the following from a TFTP command line interface:
tftp –i <ip address> put <local filename> <destination file
name>
The following examples demonstrate the TFTP command sequence to download the
.rom file and the .cob file:
tftp –i 192.168.1.111 put xpico_6800 X6
tftp –i 192.168.1.111 put xpico_webm_1900.cob WEB1
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10: Firmware Upgrades
Recovering the Firmware Using the Serial Port and
DeviceInstaller
If for some reason the firmware is damaged, you can recover the firmware file by
using DeviceInstaller to download the *.ROM file over the serial port.
To recover firmware:
1. Start DeviceInstaller. If your PC has more than one network adapter, a message
displays. Select an adapter and click OK.
2. From the Tools menu, select Advanced/Recover Firmware. The Serial Port
Firmware Upgrade window displays.
3. For Port on PC, enter the COM port on the PC that is connected to the serial
port of the Lantronix unit.
4. For Device Model, be sure the appropriate xPico module is shown (xPico).
5. For Firmware File, click the Browse button and go to the location where the
firmware file resides.
Note: Make sure the xPico on which you are recovering firmware is connected to this
selected port on your PC.
6. Click OK to download the file.
7. When prompted, reset the device. Status messages and a progress bar at the
bottom of the screen show the progress of the file transfer. When the file transfer
completes, the message “Successful, Click OK to Close” appears.
8. Click the OK button to complete this procedure.
Note For more information, see Recovering Firmware in the DeviceInstaller online
Help.
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11. Monitor Mode
Monitor Mode is a command-line interface used for diagnostic purposes.
There are two ways to enter Monitor Mode: locally using the serial port or remotely
using the network.
Entering Monitor Mode Using the Serial Port
To enter Monitor Mode locally:
1. Follow the same steps used for setting the serial configuration parameters
2. Instead of typing three x keys, however:
3. Type zzz (or xx1) to enter Monitor Mode with network connections.
4. Type yyy (or yy1) to enter Monitor Mode without network connections.
A 0> prompt indicates that you have successfully entered Monitor Mode.
Entering Monitor Mode Using the Network Port
To enter Monitor Mode using a Telnet connection:
1. Establish a Telnet session to the configuration port (9999). The following
message appears:
MAC address 0080A366000E
Software version V6.8.0.0RC4 (120327) XPICO
AES library version 1.8.2.1
Press Enter for Setup Mode
2. Type M (upper case).
A 0> prompt indicates that you have successfully entered Monitor Mode.
Monitor Mode Commands
The following commands are available in Monitor Mode. Many commands have an IP
address as an optional parameter (xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx). If you enter the IP address, the
command is applied to another unit with that IP address. If you do not enter the IP
address, the command is executed locally.
Note: All commands must be in capital letters. Responses to some of the commands
are in Intel Hex format.
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11: Monitor Mode
Table 11-1. Monitor Mode Commands
Command
VS x.x.x.x
Command Name
Function
Version
Queries software header record (16 bytes) of unit
with IP address x.x.x.x.
GC x.x.x.x
SC x.x.x.x
PI x.x.x.x
Get Configuration
Send Configuration
Ping
Gets configuration of unit with IP address x.x.x.x as
hex records (120 bytes).
Sets configuration of unit with IP address x.x.x.x
from hex records.
Pings unit with IP address x.x.x.x to check device
status.
AT
TT
ARP Table
Shows the unit’s ARP table entries.
TCP Connection
Table
Shows all incoming and outgoing TCP connections.
NC
Network Connection
Shows the unit’s IP address, gateway, subnet
mask, and DNS server.
RS
Reset
Quit
Resets the unit’s power.
Exits diagnostics mode.
QU
G0, G1, ....,Ge, Gf
Get configuration
from memory page
Gets a memory page of configuration information
from the device.
S0, S1,...,Se, Sf
Set configuration to
memory page
Sets a memory page of configuration information
on the device.
GM
SS
Get MAC address
Set Security record
Shows the unit's 6-byte MAC address.
Sets the Security record without the encryption key
and length parameters. The entire record must still
be written, but the encryption-specific bytes do not
need to be provided (they can be null since they
are not overwritten).
SA
Scan
Initiates a wireless scan if the wireless interface is
enabled. Reports any stations found, including
BSSID, SSID, and RSSI. If SA is followed by a
string, the string is used to filter SSIDs before
reporting. If the BSS does not broadcast its SSID,
only the BSSID and RSSI are returned.
NS
co
Network Status
Reports the network interfaces’ statuses. Includes
potentially negotiated parameters like speed/duplex
for Ethernet or BSSID, encryption, authentication
for wireless interfaces.
Example:
Set IP address,
hostbits, gateway ,
and DNS server IP
co 192.168.0.10 8 192.168.0.1 10001 192.168.1.10
with
192.168.0.10 = IP address of the xPico
8 = number of hostbits
192.168.0.1 = gateway IP address
10001 = port number of the xPico Channel 1
192.168.1.10 = IP address of the DNS Server
The xPico stores the setup and performs a reset. It
sends an X before the reset if the command was
OK.
Note: Entering any of the commands listed above generates one of the following
command response codes:
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12. Troubleshooting
This chapter discusses how you can diagnose and fix errors quickly without having to
contact a dealer or Lantronix. It helps to connect a terminal to the serial port while
diagnosing an error to view summary messages that may display. When
troubleshooting, always ensure that the physical connections (power cable, network
cable, and serial cable) are secure.
Note: Some unexplained errors might be caused by duplicate IP addresses on the
network. Make sure that your unit's IP address is unique.
When troubleshooting the following problems, make sure that the xPico is powered
up. Confirm that you are using a good network connection.
Problems and Error Messages
Problem/Message
Reason
Solution
When you issue the ARP –S
command in Windows, the
"ARP entry addition failed: 5"
message displays.
Your currently logged-in
user does not have the
correct rights to use this
command on this PC.
Have someone from your IT
department log you in with
sufficient rights.
When you attempt to assign an
IP address to the unit by the
ARP method, the "Press Enter
to go into Setup Mode" error
"(described below) message
displays. Now when you Telnet
to the device server, the
When you Telnet to port
1 on the device server,
you are only assigning a
temporary IP address.
When you Telnet into
port 9999 and do not
press Enter quickly, the
device server reboots,
causing it to lose the IP
address.
Telnet back to Port 1. Wait for it
to fail, then Telnet to port 9999
again. Make sure you press
Enter quickly.
connection fails.
You did not press Enter
quickly enough. You only
have 5 seconds to press
Enter before the
When you Telnet to port 9999,
the "Press Enter to go into
Setup Mode" message
displays. However, nothing
happens when you press
Enter, or your connection is
closed.
Telnet to port 9999 again, but
press Enter as soon as you
see the "Press Enter to go into
Setup Mode" message.
connection is closed.
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12: Troubleshooting
Problem/Message
Reason
Solution
When you Telnet to port 1 to
assign an IP address to the
device server, the Telnet
window does not respond for a
long time.
You may have entered
the Ethernet address
incorrectly with the ARP
command.
Confirm that the Ethernet
address that you entered with
the ARP command is correct.
The Ethernet address may only
include numbers 0-9 and letters
A-F. In Windows and usually in
Unix, the segments of the
Ethernet address are
separated by dashes. In some
forms of Unix, the Ethernet
address is segmented with
colons.
The IP address you are
trying to assign is not on
your logical subnet.
Confirm that your PC has an IP
address and that it is in the
same logical subnet that you
are trying to assign to the
device server.
The device server may
not be plugged into the
network properly.
Make sure that the Link LED is
lit. If the Link LED is not lit, then
the device server is not
properly plugged into the
network.
When you try to assign an IP
with DeviceInstaller, you get
the following :
The cause is most likely
one of the following:
Double-check the parameters
that you specified.
Note: You cannot assign an IP
address to a device server
The hardware address
"No response from device!
Verify the IP, Hardware
Address and Network Class.
Please try again."
you specified is incorrect. through a router.
The IP address you are
trying to assign is not a
valid IP for your logical
subnet.
You did not choose the
correct subnet mask.
The device server is not
communicating with the serial
device to which it is attached.
The most likely reason is
the wrong serial settings
were chosen.
The serial settings for the serial
device and the device server
must match. The default serial
settings for the device server
are RS-232, 9600 baud, 8
character bits, no parity, 1 stop
bit, no flow control.
When you try to enter the setup The issue is most likely
Double-check everything in the
mode on the device server
something covered in the problem above. Confirm that
Caps Lock is not on.
using the serial port, you get no previous problem, or
possibly, you have Caps
response.
Lock on.
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12: Troubleshooting
Problem/Message
Reason
Solution
You can ping the device server, There may be an IP
Turn the device server off and
then issue the following
commands at the DOS prompt
of your computer:
but not Telnet to the device
server on port 9999.
address conflict on your
network
You are not Telneting to
port 9999.
ARP -D X.X.X.X (X.X.X.X is the
IP of the device server).
The Telnet configuration
port (9999) is disabled
within the device server
security settings.
PING X.X.X.X (X.X.X.X is the
IP of the device server).
If you get a response, then
there is a duplicate IP address
on the network. If you do not
get a response, use the serial
port to verify that Telnet is not
disabled.
The device server appears to
be set up correctly, but you are
not communicating with your
device attached to the device
server across the network.
If you are sure that the
serial port setting is
correct, then you may not or from the device server by
be connecting to the
correct socket of the
device server.
You can check to see whether
there is a socket connection to
checking the state of CPx, if
one of the CPs has been
configured for Serial Channel
Status LED functionality.
Another possibility is that
the device server is not
set up correctly to make
If the state of CPx is blinking
consistently, then there is a
a good socket connection good socket connection.
to the network.
If the state of CPx is low, use
the Connect Mode option C0
for making a connection to the
device server from the network.
Use Connect Mode option C1
or C5 for a connection to the
network from the device server.
See the full list of Connect
Mode options in Connect Mode
When connecting to the Web-
Manager within the device
server, the "No Connection
With The Device Server"
message displays.
Your computer is not
able to connect to port
30718 (77FEh) on the
device server.
Make sure that port 30718
(77FEh) is not blocked with any
router that you are using on the
network. Also, make sure that
port 77FEh is not disabled
within the Security settings of
the device server.
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12: Troubleshooting
Technical Support
If you are experiencing an error that is not described in this chapter, or if you are
unable to fix the error, you have the following options:
Technical Support US
Check our online knowledge base or send a question to Technical Support at
Phone: (800) 422-7044 (US Only)
(949) 453-7198
Technical Support Europe, Middle East, and Africa
Phone: +33 (0)1 39 30 4172
+49 (0) 180 500 13 53 (Germany Only)
Firmware downloads, FAQs, and the most up-to-date documentation are available at
When you report a problem, please provide the following information:
Your name, and your company name, address, and phone number
Lantronix model number
Lantronix MAC number
Software version (on the first screen shown when you Telnet to port 9999)
Description of the problem
Status of the unit when the problem occurred (please try to include information
on user and network activity at the time of the problem).
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A: Binary to Hexadecimal Conversions
Many of the unit’s configuration procedures require assembling a series of options
(represented as bits) into a complete command (represented as a byte). Convert the
resulting binary value to a hexadecimal representation.
Converting Binary to Hexadecimal
Following are two simple ways to convert binary numbers to hexadecimals.
Conversion Table
Hexadecimal digits have values ranging from 0 to F, which are represented as 0-9, A
(for 10), B (for 11), etc. To convert a binary value (for example, 0100 1100) to a
hexadecimal representation, the upper and lower four bits are treated separately,
resulting in a two-digit hexadecimal number (in this case, 4C). Use the following table
to convert values from binary to hexadecimal.
Decimal
Binary Hex
0000
0
1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
A
B
C
D
E
F
0001
2
0010
3
0011
4
0100
5
0101
6
0110
7
0111
8
1000
9
1001
10
11
12
13
14
15
1010
1011
1100
1101
1110
1111
Scientific Calculator
Another simple way to convert binary to hexadecimals is to use a scientific calculator,
such as the one available on Windows’ operating systems. For example:
1. On the Windows’ Start menu, click ProgramsAccessoriesCalculator.
2. On the View menu, select Scientific. The scientific calculator displays.
3. Select Bin (Binary), and type the number to convert.
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A: Binary to Hexadecimal Conversions
4. Click Hex. The hexadecimal value displays.
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B: Compliance
RoHS Notice
All Lantronix products in the following families are China RoHS-compliant and free of the following hazardous substances and
elements:
•
•
Lead (Pb)
Cadmium (Cd)
•
•
Mercury (Hg)
Hexavalent Chromium (Cr (VI))
Toxic or hazardous Substances and Elements
•
•
Polybrominated biphenyls (PBB)
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE)
Product Family Name
Lead
(Pb)
Mercury
(Hg)
Cadmium
(Cd)
Hexavalent
Chromium
Polybrominated
biphenyls (PBB)
Polybrominated diphenyl
ethers (PBDE)
(Cr (VI))
UDS1100 and 2100
EDS
MSS100
IntelliBox
XPress DR & XPress-DR+
SecureBox 1101 & 2101
WiBox
UBox
MatchPort
SLC
XPort
WiPort
SLB
SLP
SCS
SLS
DSC
PremierWave
Micro125
xPico
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
xPrintServer
O: toxic or hazardous substance contained in all of the homogeneous materials for this part is below the limit requirement in SJ/T11363-2006.
X: toxic or hazardous substance contained in at least one of the homogeneous materials used for this part is above the limit requirement in SJ/T11363-2006.
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