G10 CMTS
Hardware Guide
Release 3.0
Juniper Networks, Inc.
1194 North Mathilda Avenue
Sunnyvale, CA 94089
USA
408-745-2000
www.juniper.net
Part Number: 530-009111-01, Revision 1
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Objectives............................................................................................................xiii
Audience..............................................................................................................xiv
Document Organization.......................................................................................xiv
Related Documents..............................................................................................xiv
Documentation Conventions ................................................................................xv
Notes, Cautions, and Warnings......................................................................xv
Contact Juniper Networks ....................................................................................xvi
Documentation Feedback....................................................................................xvi
System Overview .....................................................................................................3
Broadband Cable Processor ASIC.....................................................................7
G10 CMTS Components..........................................................................................8
Chassis Versions............................................................................................25
Power Supplies..............................................................................................26
Cooling and Fans...........................................................................................29
Table of Contents
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Physical and Electrical Characteristics ...........................................................36
Functional Characteristics..............................................................................38
Physical and Electrical Characteristics ...........................................................40
NIC Module...........................................................................................................42
Functional Characteristics..............................................................................44
Physical and Electrical Characteristics ...........................................................44
Chassis Rear Modules ...........................................................................................48
NIC Access Module........................................................................................48
HFC Connector Module .................................................................................50
Switched I/O Module .....................................................................................53
Hard Disk Module..........................................................................................55
JUNOSg Internet Software Overview.....................................................................57
Interface Process....................................................................................60
Data Path Processing............................................................................................62
Downstream Data Path .................................................................................62
Upstream Data Path ......................................................................................63
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Prepare the Site .....................................................................................................67
Summary Checklist...............................................................................................82
Noise Measurement Methodology.........................................................................83
Install the CMTS......................................................................................................93
Ground the Chassis...............................................................................................94
Install Power Supplies.........................................................................................101
Install a Hard Disk Module..................................................................................108
Cable a NIC Access Module.................................................................................115
Table of Contents
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Power On the G10 CMTS....................................................................................123
Power On and Configure the PC.........................................................................127
Perform Initial Software Configuration ..............................................................128
RF Measurements................................................................................................133
Upstream RF Measurement ................................................................................137
Troubleshooting....................................................................................................141
Features for Troubleshooting..............................................................................141
Local Event Log ...........................................................................................145
Operational Commands ..............................................................................146
CMTS Power and Booting Issues.........................................................................148
CMTS Powers Down....................................................................................149
Ideal HFC Plant Configuration Issues ..................................................................150
Cable Modem is Dropped............................................................................156
HFC Plant Related Issues ....................................................................................156
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Replacement Procedures ...............................................................................159
Replace a Fan Tray......................................................................................162
Front Fan Trays....................................................................................163
Module Removal.................................................................................................166
Remove a DOCSIS Module...........................................................................166
Remove a Hard Disk Module .......................................................................170
Remove a NIC Module.................................................................................170
Agency Certifications........................................................................................173
EMC....................................................................................................................174
Radio Frequency (RF) Specifications .....................................................175
EIA Channel Plans................................................................................................181
Index.............................................................................................................................189
Table of Contents
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viii
List of Figures
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List of Figures
Figure 1: Typical CMTS Location..........................................................................4
Figure 2: Headend Architecture ..........................................................................5
Figure 10: Midplane Domains..............................................................................25
Figure 11: AC Power Supply Front Panel .............................................................27
Figure 12: DOCSIS Module Front Panel ...............................................................30
Figure 14: Packet Processing Layers....................................................................33
Figure 16: NIC Module Front Panel......................................................................43
Figure 17: NIC Access Module Front Panel ..........................................................49
Figure 19: G10 CMTS Data Flow .........................................................................52
Figure 20: SIM Rear Panel ...................................................................................54
Figure 21: Hard Disk Module Rear Panel .............................................................56
Figure 22: G10 CMTS Data Flow .........................................................................64
Figure 25: Air Flow Through Chassis....................................................................96
Figure 26: Bottom of Chassis...............................................................................97
Figure 27: Lifting the Chassis...............................................................................98
Figure 28: Rack-Mounted Chassis ........................................................................99
Figure 30: Power Supply Installation ................................................................102
Figure 32: DOCSIS Module Installation ..............................................................105
Figure 39: DC Power Transition Module ............................................................122
Figure 42: Single Upstream Burst ......................................................................138
Figure 43: Multiple Upstream Bursts..................................................................139
Figure 44: Power Supply Removal ....................................................................161
List of Figures
ix
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List of Figures
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Figure 45: Front Fan Tray Replacement ...........................................................164
Figure 46: Rear Fan Tray Replacement ............................................................165
Figure 47: DOCSIS Module Removal .................................................................167
JUNOSg 3.0 G10 CMTS Hardware Guide
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List of Tables
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List of Tables
Table 10: DOCSIS Module LEDs .........................................................................36
Table 14: Chassis Control Module LEDs..............................................................41
Table 16: NIC Module Connectors ......................................................................44
Table 19: Multimode GBIC Specifications ...........................................................46
Table 20: 1000BT GBIC Specifications................................................................46
Table 21: NIC Module LEDs................................................................................47
Table 22: NIC Access Module LEDs ....................................................................48
Table 24: SIM Fast Ethernet Port LEDs...............................................................54
Table 26: Coaxial Cable Requirements ...............................................................75
Table 38: G10 CMTS Installation Checklist..........................................................90
Table 40: Power Supply LEDs...........................................................................124
Table 41: DOCSIS Module LED Status...............................................................125
Table 43: NIC Module LED Status.....................................................................126
List of Tables
xi
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List of Tables
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Table 52: EIA Channel Plan..............................................................................181
JUNOSg 3.0 G10 CMTS Hardware Guide
xii
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About This Manual
This chapter provides a high-level overview of the G10 CMTS Hardware Guide:
Objectives
This manual explains the hardware installation and basic troubleshooting for the G10 CMTS
and your HFC plant. It contains procedures for preparing your site for CMTS installation,
installing the hardware, starting up the CMTS, performing initial software configuration, and
replacing field-replaceable units (FRUs). After completing the installation and basic
configuration procedures covered in this manual, refer to the JUNOSg software configuration
guides for information about further configuring the JUNOSg software.
To obtain additional information about Juniper Networks CMTSs—either corrections to
information in this manual or information that might have been omitted from this
manual—refer to the G10 CMTS hardware release notes.
To obtain the most current version of this manual, the most current version of the hardware
release notes, and other Juniper Networks technical documentation, refer to the product
documentation page on the Juniper Networks Web site, which is located at
http://www.juniper.net.
To order printed copies of this manual or to order a documentation CD-ROM, which contains
this manual, please contact your sales representative.
About This Manual
xiii
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Audience
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Audience
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This manual is designed for network administrators who are installing and maintaining a
G10 CMTS, or preparing a site for CMTS installation. It assumes that you have a broad
understanding of HFC networks, networking principles, and network configuration. Any
detailed discussion of these concepts is beyond the scope of this manual.
Document Organization
This manual is divided into several parts, each containing a category of information about
the CMTS:
components, the JUNOSg software, and the system architecture.
installing the CMTS, providing environmental and power supply specifications, rack and
clearance requirements, and wiring and cabling guidelines. It also provides an overview
of the installation process and lists safety precautions. Finally, it explains how to install
the CMTS chassis and components and how to initially start the CMTS and configure the
software.
procedures for the CMTS, cable modem operation, and the HFC plant, and explains how
to track the source of problems. It also provides replacement procedures for some of the
field-replaceable units.
DOCSIS radio frequency (RF) specifications, and an appendix listing various channel
plans.
Related Documents
For information about configuring the software, including examples, see the following
documents:
! JUNOSg Software Configuration Guide: Getting Started and System Management
! JUNOSg Software Configuration Guide: Interfaces, Cable, Policy, and Routing and Routing
Protocols
! JUNOSg Software Operational Mode Command Reference
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xiv
Documentation Conventions
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Documentation Conventions
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This manual uses the following text conventions:
! CMTS and CMTS component labels are shown in a sans serif font. In the following
example, ETHERNET is the label for the Ethernet management port on the CMTS:
The 10/100-Mbps Ethernet RJ-45 connector is used for out-of-band management of
the CMTS and is labeled ETHERNET.
! Statements, commands, filenames, directory names, IP addresses, and configuration
hierarchy levels are shown in a sans serif font. In the following example, stub is a
statement name and [edit protocols ospf area area-id] is a configuration hierarchy level:
To configure a stub area, include the stub statement at the [edit protocols ospf area
area-id] hierarchy level.
! In examples, text that you type literally is shown in bold. In the following example, you
type the words show chassis hardware:
For example, you can use the following command to get information about the
source of an alarm condition:
user@host> show chassis hardware
Notes, Cautions, and Warnings
Notes, cautions, and warnings are denoted by the following symbols:
A note indicates information that might be helpful in a
particular situation or that might otherwise be overlooked.
A caution indicates a situation that requires careful
attention. Failure to observe a cautionary note could result
in minor injury or discomfort to yourself, or serious
damage to the CMTS.
A warning indicates a potentially dangerous situation.
Failure to follow the guidelines in a warning could result in
severe injury or death.
About This Manual
xv
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Contact Juniper Networks
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Contact Juniper Networks
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For technical support, contact Juniper Networks at support@juniper.net, or at 1-888-314-JTAC
(within the United States) or (+1) 408-745-9500 (from outside the United States).
Documentation Feedback
We are always interested in hearing from our customers. Please let us know what you like
and do not like about the product documentation, and let us know of any suggestions you
have for improving the documentation. Also, let us know if you find any mistakes in the
documentation. Send your feedback and comments to techpubs-comments@juniper.net.
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2
CShysatepm tOveerrvie1w
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This chapter provides an overview of the G10 CMTS.
System Description
The JUNOSg software runs on the G10 cable modem termination system (CMTS) and
provides both IP routing (Layer 3) and IEEE 802.1 bridging (Layer 2), as well as software for
interface, network, cable services, and chassis management. The G10 CMTS manages
Internet voice and data. It functions as the interface between the service networks—Internet,
Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN)—and the hybrid fiber/coax (HFC) network of
the CMTS typically located in the cable headend or distribution hub. It is targeted at the
following data and voice aggregation applications:
! Large CATV hub sites—DOCSIS multiservice, residential, and commercial IP network
access over HFC networks maintained by cable television (CATV) multiple service
operators (MSOs) needing enhanced integrated data, voice, and video in large
metropolitan areas.
! Small CATV hub sites—Smaller hub sites aggregated over metropolitan fiber rings
supporting Gigabit Ethernet.
Figure 2 on page 5 illustrates a typical cable headend architecture.
System Overview
3
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System Description
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Figure 1: Typical CMTS Location
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Cable Headend
or
Distribution Hub
Internet
Backbone
Network
Management
Subscribers
Switch/
Router
CMTS
Video
Servers
PSTN
Network Side
Interface
Hybrid Fiber/Coax
Network
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4
System Description
Figure 2: Headend Architecture
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Head End
Analog
Video
Upconverter
Upconverter
Upconverter
Broadcast Channels:
Satellite, Fiber,
Cable,
Digital
Video
Combiner
Others
54-750 MHz
Other
QAM
Data
Remote
Dial-Up
Access
Server
Operations
System
Support
PSTN
Upconverters
Splitter
Security &
Access
Control
E/O
O/E
Backbone
Transport
Adapter,
Switch,
LAN, or
Hub
Mod
Backbone
Network
Network
Termination
5-42 MHz
Demod
Local
Server
Facility
CMTS
Remote
Server
Facility
Combiner
and
Signal
Router
Interactive
Cable
Gateway
Audio / Video
Demod
ATM
Fib
U
Coax Cable
Video
Data
High-speed
Data
Telephony
System Overview
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Field-Replaceable Units (FRUs)
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Field-Replaceable Units (FRUs)
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Field-replaceable units (FRUs) are CMTS components that can be replaced at the customer
site. Replacing FRUs requires minimal CMTS downtime. A FRU can be ordered as a separate
unit for replacement into the CMTS or for stocking spare parts.
Following is an alphabetical list of G10 CMTS FRUs. See “G10 CMTS Hardware Overview” on
page 10 for a description of each FRU.
! AC power supply
! AC power transition module
! Air management module
! Air management panel
! CCM Access Module
! Chassis
! Chassis Control Module
! DOCSIS Module
! DC power supply
! DC power transition module
! Front fan tray
! GBIC module
! Hard Disk Module
! HFC Connector Module
! NIC Module
! NIC Access Module
! NIC Access Module cable
! Power supply filler panel
! Rear fan tray
! Switched I/O Module (SIM)
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6
G10 CMTS Features and Functions
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G10 CMTS Features and Functions
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The G10 CMTS provides true multiservice support, including the ability to simultaneously
support DOCSIS IP services and VoIP services.
Functional Overview
The G10 CMTS is usually connected directly to a Gigabit-class core router that is part of a
multiple system operator’s (MSO) metropolitan core network. It receives network-side packet
streams originating from the Internet, Media Gateways or video servers, then processes them
into DOCSIS-compatible digital signals (MPEG) that are modulated onto an RF carrier for
transmission downstream over the HFC network to the subscribers’ cable modems.
Upstream signals consist of protocol data units (PDUs) in data bursts from the cable modems.
The G10 CMTS uses advanced scheduling algorithms to optimize the timing of these
transmissions. The packets are processed to recover the payload data, then routed, as IP
packets, to the appropriate destinations through the network-side interface.
The G10 CMTS’s high capacity of up to 32 downstream and 128 upstream interfaces and
other innovative features are provided by the Broadband Cable Processor ASIC
(application-specific integrated circuit).
Broadband Cable Processor ASIC
The Broadband Cable Processor ASIC provides all-digital processing of the return path. This,
plus advanced noise cancellation and equalization algorithms, enables modulation rates
beyond QPSK and allows traditionally problematic frequency ranges of the upstream
spectrum to be utilized. All-digital processing also accommodates full spectrum analysis by
capturing statistics of the upstream band in real time.
The Broadband Cable Processor ASIC incorporates key DOCSIS MAC (media access control)
functions such as concatenation, fragmentation, encryption, and decryption. Accelerating
these functions in hardware provides a high-performance, scalable CMTS solution that can
process thousands of simultaneous DOCSIS service flows.
Advanced timing and digital signal processing algorithms allow more efficient use of the
RF spectrum, resulting in increased channel capacity.
System Overview
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G10 CMTS Components
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G10 CMTS Components
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The G10 CMTS chassis employs front and rear modules that connect through a midplane.
Most of the cable connections are available in the rear of the unit. Following is a list of the
primary modules of the G10 CMTS:
! NIC Module—Provides Ethernet switching functionality for upstream and downstream
traffic and for the Fast Ethernet interfaces. Houses two Gigabit Ethernet ports with
Gigabit Interface Converters (GBICs).
! NIC Access Module—Fans out the Ethernet signals to individual 10/100Base-T lines,
which route to the HFC Connector Modules or Switched I/O Modules. A version of the
chassis provides internal Ethernet wiring between the NIC Modules and the DOCSIS
Modules.
! DOCSIS Module—Performs all data path processing functions, including Layer 2 bridging
and Layer 3 forwarding. Processes IP data into DOCSIS packets. Converts and modulates
data for RF transmission. Reverses these processes for upstream data.
! HFC Connector Module—Provides cable interfaces for a DOCSIS Module. Contains the
Fast Ethernet connectors for network-side data and the F-connectors for the HFC
cabling.
! Switched I/O Module—Provides the same functions as an HFC Connector Module, but
provides four additional upstream F-connectors for the HFC cabling.
! Chassis Control Module—Provides the management interface and runs the Routing
Engine software. Controls redundant protection functions and supplies software images
to all DOCSIS Modules. Runs the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) agent
and environmental monitoring.
! Hard Disk Module—Contains the system nonvolatile memory implemented as a hard
disk. This module is installed opposite the Chassis Control Module.
The G10 CMTS relays traffic between DOCSIS RF interfaces, on which the cable modems
reside, and the network-side interfaces (Fast Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet). Figure 3 on
page 9 illustrates the relationship between the primary modules in the chassis.
Each DOCSIS Module can support up to four cable interfaces, where a cable interface (MAC
domain) contains at least one downstream interface and one upstream interface. Each NIC
Module supports two Gigabit Ethernet interfaces and four Fast Ethernet interfaces. The
Chassis Control Module provides an out-of-band Fast Ethernet management interface.
See the JUNOSg Software Configuration Guide: Interfaces, Cable, Policy, and Routing and Routing
Protocols for more information on interfaces.
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8
G10 CMTS Components
Figure 3: G10 CMTS Components and Interfaces
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G10 CMTS
Management Port
fxp0
Chassis Control
Module (Slot 6)
32 Cable
Interfaces
NIC Module &
ca-0/1/0
ca-0/1/1
ca-0/1/2
ca-0/1/3
NIC Access Module
DOCSIS
Module
fx-0/5/0
fx-0/5/1
fx-0/5/2
fx-0/5/3
ca-0/2/0
ca-0/2/1
ca-0/2/2
ca-0/2/3
3x Octal
Fast Ethernet
Switch Ports
DOCSIS
Module
Domain A
ca-0/3/0
DOCSIS
Module
ca-0/3/1
ca-0/3/2
ca-0/3/3
2x Gigabit
Ethernet
Switch Ports
gx-0/5/0
gx-0/5/1
ca-0/4/0
ca-0/4/1
ca-0/4/2
ca-0/4/3
DOCSIS
Module
Switch
Element
NIC Module &
ca-0/10/0
ca-0/10/1
ca-0/10/2
ca-0/10/3
NIC Access Module
DOCSIS
Module
fx-0/9/0
fx-0/9/1
fx-0/9/2
fx-0/9/3
3x Octal
Fast Ethernet
Switch Ports
ca-0/11/0
ca-0/11/1
ca-0/11/2
ca-0/11/3
DOCSIS
Module
Domain B
ca-0/12/0
DOCSIS
Module
ca-0/12/1
ca-0/12/2
ca-0/12/3
2x Gigabit
Ethernet
Switch Ports
gx-0/9/0
gx-0/9/1
ca-0/13/0
ca-0/13/1
ca-0/13/2
ca-0/13/3
DOCSIS
Module
Switch
Element
System Overview
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G10 CMTS Management
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G10 CMTS Management
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The G10 CMTS supports the following system management applications and tools:
! Command-Line Interface (CLI)—The CLI provides the most comprehensive controls and
is instrumental for installation, configuration, troubleshooting, and upgrade tasks.
! SNMP—The CMTS can interact with SNMPv2c and SNMPv3-based Network
Management Systems using DOCSIS 1.0 and DOCSIS 1.1 MIBs and enterprise MIBs.
Events can conditionally be reported as system log messages or SNMP traps.
! ServiceGuard Management System – This optional advanced diagnostics application
with a Java GUI provides a rendition of a spectrum analyzer for acquiring data on
upstream transmission cable performance. It incorporates an integrated Impairment
Identification tool that allows for unattended monitoring of statistics to characterize
compromised performance to a potential cause (such as impulse or burst noise, narrow
band ingress, or microreflections).
G10 CMTS Hardware Overview
This section provides an overview of the modules and various hardware components of the
G10 CMTS and where they reside within the chassis. This overview presents material that is
specific to the installation and configuration of the G10 CMTS.
illustrates a front view of a partially configured chassis in which DOCSIS Modules, a Chassis
Control Module (CCM), a Network Interface Card (NIC) Module, power supplies, air
management modules, and power supply filler panels have been removed. Figure 6 on
page 13 illustrates a rear view of a fully configured chassis that uses the AC power transition
configured chassis in which HFC Connector Modules, a Hard Disk Module, a NIC Access
view of the chassis midplane showing the slot numbering and the location of each module.
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10
G10 CMTS Hardware Overview
Figure 4: Front View of Fully Configured Chassis
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ESD
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Cable
Guide
Power
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Power
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Ejector
Rail
Module
Ejector
Rail
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Air
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Front Fan
Tray LED
Chassis
Control
Module
Front Fan
Tray LED
NIC
Module
DOCSIS
Module
System Overview
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G10 CMTS Hardware Overview
•
Figure 5: Front View of Partially Configured Chassis
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Faceplate
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Power
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Filler
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Power
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Faceplate
Clip
Midplane
Air
Management
Module
Card
Guide
Air
Intake
Faceplate
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G10 CMTS Hardware Overview
Figure 6: Rear View of Fully Configured Chassis
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Air
Exhaust
AC Power
Switch
AC Power
Transition
Module
AC Power
Receptacle
DS 0
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DS 1
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Eth0
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S 1
S 2
S 3
Eth0
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DS 1
Eth0
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Eth1
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Eth0
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Eth
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DS 3
Eth1
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Eth
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Eth0
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Eth
Eth0
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Eth1
Eth1
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Air
Intake
Rear Fan
Tray
Rear Fan
Tray LED
NIC
Access
Module
CCM
Access
Module
Chassis
Ground
Nuts
HFC
Connector
Module
System Overview
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G10 CMTS Hardware Overview
•
Figure 7: Rear View of Partially Configured Chassis
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DS 0
DS 1
DS 2
DS 3
DS 0
DS 1
DS 2
DS 3
US 0
US 0
US 1
US 2
US 3
US 1
US 2
US 3
1
Air
Management
Panel
Eth
Eth0
Eth1
Eth0
Eth1
C
O
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2
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G10 CMTS Hardware Overview
Figure 8: Chassis Top View Showing Midplane Slot Numbering
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HFC Connector Module or
13
DOCSIS Module
SIM
HFC Connector Module or
12
DOCSIS Module
DOCSIS Module
SIM
HFC Connector Module or
11
SIM
HFC Connector Module or
10
DOCSIS Module
NIC Module
SIM
NIC Access Module
9
8
7
6
Chassis Control Module
Chassis Control Module
NIC Module
Hard Disk Module
Hard Disk Module
NIC Access Module
5
HFC Connector Module or
SIM
4
DOCSIS Module
DOCSIS Module
DOCSIS Module
HFC Connector Module or
SIM
3
2
1
HFC Connector Module or
SIM
HFC Connector Module or
SIM
DOCSIS Module
Midplane
with logical slot numbers
Slots 1 through 6 reside in domain A. Slots 7 and 9 through
13 reside in domain B.
System Overview
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G10 CMTS Hardware Overview
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Front Features
! DOCSIS Module—Module that contains the Broadband Cable Processor ASIC and resides
between the network-side interface (NSI) and the hybrid fiber/coax (HFC) interface.
! NIC Module—Module that provides the Gigabit Ethernet interface and the Fast Ethernet
switching functions for the network-side interface.
! Chassis Control Module—Module that performs management and monitoring functions.
! Module ejector rail—Rail into which a module’s ejector tabs fit when a module is
installed in a slot.
! ESD strap connector—Location where you can insert an ESD ground strap.
! Air intake—Slotted openings along the front (removable) and sides of the chassis where
air is drawn into the chassis for cooling the installed modules and power supplies.
! Air intake faceplate—Slotted removable panel that covers the two front fan trays.
! Air intake faceplate clip—Retainer clip used to mount the air intake faceplate.
! Front fan tray—Fan assembly that forces air upward through the front of the chassis.
! Front fan tray LED—LED that shows the status of the front fan tray.
! Power supply ejector rail—Rail into which the power supply ejector tabs fit when a
power supply is installed in a bay.
! Midplane—Passive electrical interconnecting device for all modules in the chassis.
! Air management module—Module installed in an unused module slot to redirect the air
flow through the chassis and to reduce EMI emissions.
! Card guide—Used to align a module or power supply while it is being inserted into its
slot or bay.
! Power supply—Converts AC or DC power supplied through the power transition modules
into the DC voltages required by the modules.
! Power supply faceplate—Panel along the top of the chassis that covers the power
supplies.
! Power supply faceplate clip—Retainer clip used to mount the power supply faceplate.
! Power supply bay—Chassis bay in which a single hot-swappable power supply is
inserted.
! Power supply filler panel—Panel covering an empty power supply bay.
! Cable channel—Channel through the top of the chassis that is used to route the network
cables from the rear of the chassis to the front.
! Cable guide—Guide used to route the network cables between the cable channel and the
lower opening in the power supply faceplate.
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G10 CMTS Hardware Overview
Rear Features
! HFC Connector Module—Module that functions as the DOCSIS Module’s physical access
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to both the NSI and the HFC interfaces on the rear of the chassis.
! Switched I/O Module—Provides the same functions as an HFC Connector Module, but
provides four additional upstream F-connectors for the HFC cabling.
! NIC Access Module—Module that provides the network connections between the NIC
Modules and the HFC Connector Modules.
! Hard Disk Module—Contains the system nonvolatile memory implemented as a hard
disk. This module is installed opposite the Chassis Control Module.
! Rear fan tray—Fan assembly that forces air upward through the rear of the chassis.
! Rear fan tray LED—LED that shows the status of the rear fan tray.
! Air management panel—Panel installed over an unused module slot to redirect the air
flow through the chassis and to reduce EMI emissions.
! Air exhaust—Panel along the top and rear of the chassis where air is expelled from the
chassis for cooling.
! AC power transition module—Rear module that distributes the externally supplied AC
power to the midplane.
! AC power receptacle—AC power cord receptacle on AC power transition module.
! AC power switch—AC power On/Off switch that resides on the AC power transition
module.
! DC power transition module—Rear module that distributes the externally supplied DC
power to the midplane.
! DC power receptacle—DC power cord terminal block on DC power transition module.
! Chassis ground nuts—Location where the earth ground connection to the chassis is
made.
System Overview
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G10 CMTS Hardware Overview
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18
CHharadwparte eCormp2onent Overview
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This chapter provides an overview of the G10 CMTS hardware components:
Chassis
This section discusses the following characteristics of the G10 CMTS chassis components:
The chassis is a rack-mountable, 19-inch wide, 13 U high housing that contains the modules,
power supplies and fans. The chassis accepts CompactPCI standard modules that conform to
dimensions specified in IEEE Standard 1101.1-1998. The use of a midplane as the
interconnecting device allows modules to be installed from both the front and rear of the
chassis.
fully populated chassis.
Hardware Component Overview
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Chassis
•
The major components of the G10 CMTS chassis are listed below and discussed in detail in
the following chapters.
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! DOCSIS Module—Up to eight modules, depending on planned customer capacity.
! HFC Connector Module—Up to eight modules, one for each DOCSIS Module.
You cannot use an HFC Connector Module in a version 2
chassis if you are also using a NIC Module.
! SIM—Up to eight modules, one for each DOCSIS Module. The SIM can be used with a
version 1 or version 2 chassis.
! Chassis Control Module—One module.
! Hard Disk Module—One module.
! NIC Module—One or two modules; one module per four DOCSIS Modules.
! NIC Access Module—One or two modules, one for each NIC Module.
! Power supply—10 units, AC or DC.
! Power transition module—Two modules, AC or DC models.
! Fan—Two front trays and one rear tray housing a total of 18 fans.
Physical Characteristics
The G10 CMTS chassis is constructed of plated sheet metal. It fits into a 19-inch equipment
rack that complies with EIA standard RS-310-C. You can install the chassis into a 23- inch EIA
rack by attaching additional mounting brackets to the sides of the chassis. Additional rail and
bracket mounting holes are provided to support installation into nonstandard racks.
Threaded nuts for chassis ground are located on the lower right side of the chassis near the
Table 1: Chassis Physical Specifications
Specification
Value
Height
Width
Depth
Weight
578 mm (22.8 in., 13 U)
480 mm (18.9 in.), excluding mounting brackets
483 mm (19.0 in.)
36 kg (80 lb) empty
64 kg (140 lb) fully populated
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Chassis
Table 2: Chassis Environmental Specifications
Specification
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Value
Ambient temperature range (operational)
0° to +40°C (0° to +104°F)
Ambient temperature range (nonoperational)
Altitude
–35° to +60°C (–31° to +140°F)
60 m (197 ft.) below sea level to 1800 m (5,905 ft.)
10% to 90% non-condensing
Relative humidity
Vibration (operational)
5 Hz to 100 Hz and back to 5 Hz, at 0.1 g (0.1 oct/min)
Card Cage and Midplane
The card cage is the main section of the chassis that houses all the modules, which are based
the power supplies and power transition modules sit above the card cage, and the bays for
Table 3: Card Cage and Midplane Specifications
Specification
Value
Standard module dimensions
Module Face Plate
262 mm (10.3 in., 6 U) height
20 mm (0.8 in.) width, single-wide
40 mm (1.6 in.) width, double-wide
Module Circuit Card
233 mm (9.2 in.) height
340 mm (13.4 in.) depth - front modules
80 mm (3.2 in.) depth - rear modules
Midplane dimensions
Midplane card slots
487 mm (19.2 in.) height
428 mm (16.8 in.) width
13 slots spanning 21 connector columns
8 double-wide modules (16-slot equivalent)
4 single-wide modules
Module capacity
(each front and rear)
1 unused single-wide slot
The midplane is the passive electrical interconnecting device for all modules in the chassis. It
complies with CompactPCI Specification 2.0 R3.0, Oct.1, 1999. Analogous to a backplane, the
midplane resides towards the middle of the chassis with connectors facing front and rear (see
The G10 CMTS does not use all connector columns on the midplane. The DOCSIS Modules,
HFC Connector Modules, and SIMs are an 8 horizontal pitch (HP), double-wide design
covering two columns. The Chassis Control Modules and Hard Disk Modules are a 4 HP,
single-wide design. Midplane slot 8 is not used. This is reflected in the slot numbering
scheme.
The midplane extends the width of the chassis and the height of the chassis minus the top
and bottom air chambers.
Hardware Component Overview
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Chassis
•
The modules in the card cage use the P1 through P5 connectors of the midplane (see Figure 9
on page 23). The power supplies use connectors PS1 through PS10. Fan trays and power
transition modules also connect to the midplane.
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Connectors P3 through P5 provide the pass-through interconnection between the modules in
the front and rear of the chassis. Connectors P1 and P2 support the cPCI bus. The major
Table 4: Midplane P1 – P5 Connectors
Connector
Function
P1 and P2
P3
cPCI bus
I2C bus
Ethernet to/from HFC Connector Module or SIM
Synchronization and reference clocks
Power and ground
P4 and P5
RF signals to HFC Connector Module or SIM
IF signals from HFC Connector Module or SIM
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Chassis
Figure 9: Midplane—Front and Rear Views
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Front View
PS1
PS2
PS3
PS4
PS5
PS6
PS7
PS8
PS9
PS10
Power
Supply
Connectors
Pwr Supply Domain A
Pwr Supply Domain B
10 11 12
1
2
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4
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6
7
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9
13
P5
P4
P3
P2
P1
cPCI Bus Domain B
cPCI Bus Domain A
Fan
Connectors
Rear View
Power
Distribution
Connectors
13
12
11
10
9
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7
6
5
4
3
2
1
P5
P4
P3
Fan
Connectors
Hardware Component Overview
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Chassis
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the bus length restrictions stipulated in the cPCI specification. The power supplies and power
distribution panels are also separated into domains A and B.
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Table 5: Midplane Configuration
Domain
Slot
1
Front of Midplane
DOCSIS Module
DOCSIS Module
DOCSIS Module
DOCSIS Module
NIC Module
Rear of Midplane
A
HFC Connector Module or SIM
HFC Connector Module or SIM
HFC Connector Module or SIM
HFC Connector Module or SIM
NIC Access Module
2
3
4
5
6
Chassis Control Module
Chassis Control Module
Blank
CCM Access Module
B
B
7
CCM Access Module
8
Blank
9
NIC Module
NIC Access Module
10
11
12
13
DOCSIS Module
DOCSIS Module
DOCSIS Module
DOCSIS Module
HFC Connector Module or SIM
HFC Connector Module or SIM
HFC Connector Module or SIM
HFC Connector Module or SIM
Release 3.0 does not support Chassis Control Module
redundancy.
The division of the domains is between slots 6 and 7. Each domain includes up to four
DOCSIS Modules, a NIC Module, and a Chassis Control Module in the front, and up to four
HFC Connector Modules or SIMs, a NIC Access Module, and a Hard Disk Module in the rear.
The number of modules depends on your planned capacity.
The domains are bridged by the Chassis Control Module. Slots 6 and 7 are keyed to accept
only a Chassis Control Module in the front and a Hard Disk Module in the rear. Peripheral
interrupts, clocks, and bus arbitration signals are routed to these system slots. Continuity of
the bus across the midplane is accomplished by the two cPCI buses extending beyond their
system slots to connect with the system slot of the other domain, as shown in Figure 10 on
page 25. The electrical connection of the Chassis Control Module to both buses is controlled
by a PCI-to-PCI bridge in the module.
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Chassis
Figure 10: Midplane Domains
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Domain B
Domain A
Comm
Channel
Host
Controller
1
2
3
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6
7
9
10
11
12
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Midplane Slot Numbers
(front view)
Chassis Versions
There are two versions of the chassis—version 1 and version 2. Version 2 provides all the
functions provided by version 1, but contains a new midplane that provides the following
features:
! Support for eight RF upstream ports from a SIM to its corresponding DOCSIS Module.
! Ethernet wiring between DOCSIS Modules and NIC Modules that eliminates the need for
external NIC Access Module cables.
When Ethernet wiring within the new midplane is used:
! You must install a NIC Access Module opposite each
installed NIC Module for proper Ethernet signal
termination.
! You must not connect NIC Access Module cables to
the NIC Access Module.
! Ability to read the chassis version with the show chassis hardware detail command.
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Chassis
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Power Supplies
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Power supplies are available in either AC or DC input voltage models. You must specify a
model when ordering a G10 CMTS. The power supplies and the chassis are mechanically
keyed to ensure that the same types are used together.
If you order an AC version of the CMTS without power redundancy, the CMTS ships with five
AC power supplies installed in domain A. If you order the CMTS with power redundancy, the
CMTS ships with 10 AC power supplies installed. DC versions of the CMTS are always shipped
with 10 DC power supplies installed.
Power redundancy provides input power redundancy as well as N+1 power supply
redundancy. You must supply power from different circuits to domain A and domain B for
power redundancy protection. However, the VDC outputs of each power supply are available
to all chassis modules through the power bus in the midplane.
a standard 3 U housing with a 160 mm depth and a 40 mm front panel width. The power
hot-swappable.
Since a power supply is half the depth of the other modules in the front of the card cage, the
power supplies sit recessed in the chassis bay. A removable faceplate installs over the front
opening.
page 26 explains the significance of these LEDs.
Table 6: Power Supply LEDs
POWER
FAULT
Meaning
Green
Green
Not illuminated
Red
Normal operation
! Over-temperature
! Over-current or over power
limit condition
Not illuminated
Not illuminated
Red
Voltage input failure
Not illuminated
! Power supply not installed
correctly
! No input power and no DC
output from other power
supplies to illuminate FAULT
LED
If the power supply is operating in a degraded mode due to an increase in its temperature, a
warning event is generated (if enabled). If the temperature rises to the over-temperature
shutdown limit, the FAULT LED is illuminated and a critical event is generated (if enabled).
Temperatures above the over-temperature shutdown limit cause the power supply to shut
down. See the JUNOSg Software Configuration Guide: Interfaces, Cable, Policy, and Routing and
Routing Protocols for more information on event configuration.
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Chassis
Figure 11: AC Power Supply Front Panel
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Input Range
100-240V
200W Hot Swap
A fully populated chassis requires a nominal 1500 watts from an external power source. The
components of the chassis require 1000 watts (maximum) from the power supplies. The
aggregate power output from all voltage levels is 200 watts per power supply. Other electrical
The CMTS components do not consume their maximum
power at the same time. Therefore, the CMTS maximum
power requirement is less than the sum of the maximum
power consumed by each component installed in the
CMTS.
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Chassis
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Table 7: Power Supply Specifications
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Power Supply
Type
Output
Voltage
Maximum
Output Current
Input Voltage Input Current Rating
AC
90 to 240 VAC
47 to 63 Hz
2.5 A Nom (110 V, 70 percent efficiency) +5.0 VDC
25.0 A
35.0 A
8.0 A
+3.3 VDC
+12.0 VDC
–12.0 VDC
1.5 A
DC
–36 to –72 VDC 6.0 A Nom (–48 VDC)
+5.0 VDC
+3.3 VDC
+12.0 VDC
–12.0 VDC
25.0 A
35.0 A
8.0 A
1.5 A
The +5.0 VDC and +3.3 VDC outputs supply a combined maximum of 175 W using load
sharing.
You cannot use a 250 watt AC power supply and a
200 watt AC power supply in the same G10 CMTS chassis.
Power Transition Modules
The external power sources for the CMTS connect to the power transition modules. Two
power transition modules install from the rear of the chassis and plug into the midplane
modules are provided for either AC or DC power sources, depending on how the chassis is
configured.
The outputs of the AC and DC power transition modules are wired differently within the
midplane. An AC power transition module only supports the five power supplies within its
domain. However, because the outputs of each DC power transition module are wired
together along the midplane, each DC power transition module supplies power to all 10 DC
power supplies in the chassis.
Full power redundancy consists of redundant power supplies, power transition modules, and
power sources. All G10 CMTS systems are shipped with two power transition modules
installed, one per domain, to implement power transition module redundancy. This also
facilitates power source redundancy. You must supply power from different circuits to each
power transition module to implement power source redundancy.
Each AC module has a double-pole rocker switch that serves as a power switch for the
chassis. The switch is recessed to prevent accidental activation.
The AC panel has a standard IEC 15-A receptacle with a three-prong male plug for connecting
to a power source. The DC panel has a 40-A terminal block with barrier guards for single lug
connections to the source and return.
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DOCSIS Module
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Cooling and Fans
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The G10 CMTS has three fan trays. The trays install into the air intake chambers in the bottom
of the chassis. Two trays install from the front and one tray installs from the rear. The front
trays contain six large fans each and the rear tray contains six smaller fans. The total
maximum power consumption of the three fan trays is 165 watts.
Each tray has one LED. If a single fan fails, the LED illuminates red and a warning event is
generated (if enabled). If multiple fans fail, a critical event is generated (if enabled). See the
JUNOSg Software Configuration Guide: Interfaces, Cable, Policy, and Routing and Routing
Protocols for more information on event configuration.
The Chassis Control Module monitors the internal temperature of the chassis in multiple
locations. If the temperature is maintained between a lower and an upper threshold, the fans
continue to rotate at a nominal speed. If the temperature exceeds the upper threshold, the
speed of the fans and the value of the upper threshold are incrementally increased. Likewise,
if the temperature drops below the lower threshold, the speed of the fans and the value of the
lower threshold are incrementally decreased. This process continues until the temperature
and fan speed settle between the latest thresholds.
These temperature thresholds cannot be changed by a user. However, you can set
user-defined temperature thresholds by including the temperature-threshold statement at the
[edit chassis] hierarchy level (see the JUNOSg Software Configuration Guide: Getting Started
and System Management for more information).
The chassis directs the air flow upward through the card cage, then past the power supplies
and power transition modules. There is a 97-mm high air intake chamber with front and side
openings at the bottom of the chassis. Air exits through a 71-mm high chamber at the top of
the chassis through a rear opening and through the power transition modules in the rear.
The presence of the various modules is part of the air flow design. In a chassis that is not fully
populated, you must install air management modules, air management panels, and power
supply filler panels in all unused module slots to maintain proper air flow. You must also
install the power supply faceplate to ensure proper air flow.
The G10 CMTS must be installed in an open rack to ensure adequate air flow.
DOCSIS Module
The DOCSIS Module contains the circuits, devices (including the Broadband Cable Processor
ASIC), and code that provide the core functionality and features of the G10 CMTS.
The DOCSIS Module connects with the HFC Connector Modules or SIMs in the rear of the
chassis through the midplane. This keeps the cabling in back of the chassis. See “HFC
Figure 12 on page 30 shows the DOCSIS Module front panel.
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DOCSIS Module
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Functional Characteristics
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The DOCSIS Module is fully compliant with CompactPCI Specification 2.0 R3.0, Oct.1, 1999.
The module contains a 6 U (267 mm) x 340 mm card with an 8 HP (40 mm), double-wide
the front of the chassis and is hot-swappable.
Each DOCSIS Module has a companion HFC Connector Module or SIM on the back side of
transmitted and received by the DOCSIS Module passes through the midplane to and from
the HFC Connector Module or SIM. Thus, no external connections to the DOCSIS Module are
required from the front of the chassis for normal operation.
Downstream data flow comes to the DOCSIS Module from the HFC Connector Module or SIM
in the form of Internet data in IP packets. The module performs various processes described
then into an MPEG transport stream. The transport stream is modulated onto an RF signal for
downstream distribution to the cable modems.
The upstream data flow is contained in PDUs (protocol data units) of varying length
transmitted as TDMA bursts on specifically allocated frequencies. This process is controlled
by advanced timing algorithms.
The DOCSIS Module also has other innovations to achieve high levels of density and
performance. It combines the high-density Broadband Cable Processor ASIC with four
500 MHz MPC7410 processors for high-performance network edge processing in an
asymmetric multiprocessing architecture. The 60x system bus connecting the MPC7410
processors has a data rate of 8 Gbps. This module contains 384 MB of RAM, 128 KB of
NVRAM, and 1.5 MB of flash memory.
It runs DOCSIS MAC protocols, the scheduler, and all data path processing such as packet
filtering, rate-limiting, traffic shaping, and 802.1D bridging. The Broadband Cable Processor
ASIC provides hardware assist for the following functions: MAC protocol, scheduling,
concatenation, fragmentation, encryption and decryption, spectrum analysis, noise
cancellation, pre-equalization, and per-SID (Service Identifier) statistics.
The proprietary Broadband Cable Processor ASIC supports up to four downstream and eight
or 16 upstream interfaces (depending on the DOCSIS Module model). It enables the
implementation of QPSK and 16QAM modulation on upstream channels with very low
packet loss in the presence of noise. This allows tighter scheduling of packets, thereby
efficiently utilizing more of the RF spectrum. Downstream modulation uses 64QAM or
256QAM.
With up to eight DOCSIS Modules per chassis, the maximum interface capacity is
32 downstream interfaces and 128 upstream interfaces.
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DOCSIS Module
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Figure 13: DOCSIS Module Block Diagram
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Packet, Scheduling, and Management
Processing Devices
Upconverter
Modem
SDRAM
2
I
C
Dual PCI Bridge
Flash
Memory
Memory Controller
Timer &
NVRAM
Broadband Cable Processor
ASIC
Mgmt
Security
Proc.
Bridge
Port
100Base-T
cCPI Midplane
Traffic
Traffic
Port
100Base-T
Port
100Base-T
Data Packet Processing
This section describes the major processing functions performed at the PHY, MAC, and
higher protocol layers for DOCSIS 1.1 and EuroDOCSIS 1.1 compliance. Figure 14 on page 33
illustrates these functions. See the DOCSIS specifications for more details.
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DOCSIS Module
Figure 14: Packet Processing Layers
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Management
Interface
Higher Layers
Higher Layer
Functions
Network Layer
Protocols
CMTS
Management
De-encapsulator
MPEG
VoIP
Packet
Filtering
Forwarding
Data/IP
MAC Layer
Defragment
Deconcatenate
Decrypt
Frame
Parser
Packet Header
Suppression
Classifier
Frame
Encryption
Generator
Management/
Scheduler
MPEG Groomer
PHY Layer
Management/
Control
PMD Sublayer
DTC Sublayer
Upconverter
Modem
DOCSIS Data
to/from HFC
Higher Layer Functions
The DOCSIS Module provides the following higher layer functions:
! Packet filtering and forwarding—Filters Layer 2, Layer 3, Layer 4, and above based on
DOCSIS 1.1 filter functionality.
! CMTS management—SNMP, MIBs, and CLI (command-line interface).
! Network-side interface (NSI)—IP data and VoIP interfaces.
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DOCSIS Module
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MAC Layer Functions
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The DOCSIS Module provides the following MAC layer functions:
! Classifier—Classifies upstream data frames into higher layer packet flows; classifies
downstream frames into corresponding service flows using service flow IDs (SFIDs).
! Frame generator—Encapsulates downstream packets into DOCSIS frames.
! Encryption—Encrypts downstream data frames in accordance with the DOCSIS Baseline
Privacy and Baseline Privacy Plus standards.
! Decryption—Decrypts upstream data.
! Fragmentation/concatenation—Reassembles upstream fragmented MAC frames and
deconcatenates concatenated MAC frames.
! Frame parser—Parses DOCSIS MAC header, identifies packet as data or management,
and routes accordingly. Verifies header checksum (HCS) and cyclical redundancy
checking (CRC).
! MAC management—Provides cable modem, service flow, and RF management
functions. Performs resource allocation scheduling of requests, service flows, QoS, and
other items. Handles cable modem and service flow admission control.
Physical Layer Functions
The DOCSIS Module provides the following physical layer functions:
! Downstream transmission convergence (DTC) sublayer:
! Manages the use of internal or external clock in MPEG transport stream; inserts
timestamp.
! Examines packets for DOCSIS PID (packet identifier) and MPEG null PID and
multiplexes queued data packets into available MPEG packets.
! Re-stamps DOCSIS PID with MPEG null PID if no data is queued for transmission.
! Physical media dependent (PMD) sublayer:
! Frames downstream MPEG packets by substituting synchronization byte with parity
checksum.
! Implements FEC (forward error correction) and interleaving downstream;
descrambles data and decodes FEC upstream.
! Modulates to IF baseband and upconverts to RF for downstream traffic;
demodulates upstream traffic.
! Monitors upstream performance characteristics such as timing, frequency offset,
BER (bit error rate), and RF spectrum.
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DOCSIS Module
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Modem Management
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The DOCSIS Module exercises functional management over MAC layer and cable modem
processes.
MAC Layer Scheduling
Management at the MAC layer includes the following scheduling functions:
! Queueing upstream requests.
! Transmission opportunity allocation based on MAC messages from cable modems.
! QoS scheduling requirements, including congestion control, which have priority over
normal service flows.
! Prioritizing service flows for least delay.
! Maintenance opportunity allocation, including initial maintenance alignment.
Cable Modem Management
The DOCSIS Module performs the following cable modem management functions:
! Registration of cable modems by service identifier (SID) assignments, and recording
time and address failures.
! Ranging by adjusting timing offset, transmit power, carrier frequency, and transmit
equalizer taps.
Enhanced Routing and Bridging Features
The DOCSIS Module provides the following enhanced routing and bridging features that
provide additional value to MSOs:
! Simultaneous IP routing (Layer 3) and IEEE 802.1 bridging (Layer 2).
! ARP proxy.
! Address authentication for ARP and IP packets.
! 802.1Q and stacked 802.1Q VLANs.
! Security and service class assignment to multicast service flows.
! IGMP packet snooping.
See the JUNOSg Software Configuration Guide: Getting Started and System Management and the
JUNOSg Software Configuration Guide: Interfaces, Cable, Policy, and Routing and Routing
Protocols for more information on these and other DOCSIS Module features.
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DOCSIS Module
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Physical and Electrical Characteristics
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This section describes the physical and electrical characteristics of the DOCSIS Module. See
The DOCSIS Module installs into the chassis from the front and spans two midplane
connector columns. The module includes the RF upconverter and modem subassemblies.
The module connects to the midplane through connectors J1 through J5. See “Card Cage and
Midplane” on page 21 for related information.
The front panel connectors are not used.
Each DOCSIS Module with its subassemblies consumes 120 watts maximum power.
Table 8: DOCSIS Module Physical Dimensions
Dimension
Value
Height
Width
Depth
233 mm (9.2 in.) card
262 mm (10.3 in., 6 U) front panel
40 mm (1.6 in.)
(front panel width)
340 mm (13.4 in.)
(excluding front panel and cPCI connectors)
Table 9: DOCSIS Module Operational Characteristics
Characteristic
Frequency Range
Power level
Downstream
Upstream
91 through 857 MHz
5 – 42 MHz
+50 through +61 dBmV
(adjustable)
+8 to +55 dBmV (16QAM)
+8 to +58 dBmV (QPSK)
Modulation
64QAM and 256QAM
DOCSIS MPEG
QPSK, 16QAM
Transmission protocol
Symbol rate
Frequency-agile TDMA
5.057 Mbaud (64QAM)
5.361 Mbaud (256QAM)
40 Mbps/interface
4
160, 320, 640, 1280, and 2560
(user configurable)
Data rate (Max.)
Interfaces
10 Mbps/interface
8 or 16 (depending on the DOCSIS Module model)
Table 10: DOCSIS Module LEDs
LED Label Color
Function
CPCI
Green
On—cPCI bus is active.
Off—No activity on bus.
Test
Green / Red
Green Blinking—Self-test running.
Green On—Self-test passed.
Red On—Self-test failed.
Off—Self-test not running.
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Chassis Control Module
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LED Label Color
Function
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5
Red / Yellow / Green Red—Operating system image loaded for CPU0.
Yellow—Control transferred to CPU0 operating system.
Green—Operating system initialization completed successfully on CPU0.
Red / Yellow / Green Red—Operating system image loaded for CPU3.
Yellow—Control transferred to CPU3 operating system.
Green—Operating system initialization completed successfully on CPU3.
Red / Yellow / Green Red—Waiting to connect to boot server on Chassis Control Module.
Yellow—Established connection with boot server on Chassis Control Module.
Green—Obtained boot instructions from Chassis Control Module.
Red / Yellow / Green Red—Operating system image loaded for CPU2.
Yellow—Control transferred to CPU2 operating system.
Green—Operating system initialization completed successfully on CPU2.
Red / Yellow / Green Red—Waiting to establishing link-layer connectivity with Chassis Control
Module.
Yellow—Waiting to establishing IP connectivity with Chassis Control Module.
Green—IP connectivity with Chassis Control Module established.
6
Red / Yellow / Green Red—Operating system image loaded for CPU1.
Yellow—Control transferred to CPU1 operating system.
Green—Operating system initialization completed successfully on CPU1.
Eth0
Green
Green
Green
Green
Green
Amber
Blue
On—Link is present on traffic port Eth0.
Off—No link present.
Eth1
On—Link is present on traffic port Eth1.
Off—No link present.
Activity 0
Activity 1
Link
On—Activity is present on traffic port Eth0.
Off—No activity present.
On—Activity is present on traffic port Eth1.
Off—No activity present.
On—Link present.
Off—No link.
10/100
Hot Swap
On—100Base-T mode.
Off—10Base-T mode.
ON—Module is ready to be removed. Illuminates after the ejector release is
pressed. During hot insertion, LED is ON until ejectors are locked.
OFF during power up.
Chassis Control Module
The Chassis Control Module performs management and monitoring functions for the
G10 CMTS, and it provides a single access point for operational and maintenance functions.
In addition, the Chassis Control Module runs the Routing Engine.
The Chassis Control Module connects with the Hard Disk Module in the rear of the chassis
through the midplane. This provides an Ethernet port at the rear of the chassis as well as the
Figure 15 on page 39 shows the Chassis Control Module front panel.
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Chassis Control Module
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Functional Characteristics
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The Chassis Control Module contains a 6 U (267 mm) x 340 mm card with a 4 HP (20 mm),
single-wide front panel. The module installs from the front of the chassis and is
hot-swappable. A Chassis Control Module must be installed in slot 6 or slot 7. These slots and
the Chassis Control Module are keyed so no other module can be installed in slot 6, and the
Chassis Control Module cannot be installed in any other slots.
The Chassis Control Module is the single access point to the G10 CMTS for a command-line
interface or SNMP management application from a remote location. The Fast Ethernet port
Eth0 is used for this purpose. For connecting to the Chassis Control Module locally, use the
Eth0 port or the RS-232 COM port on the front panel. All DOCSIS Modules can be managed
through the Chassis Control Module.
The primary functions of the Chassis Control Module are as follows:
! Store and report configuration and alarm status on DOCSIS Modules and itself.
! Supply software images to all DOCSIS Modules.
! Serve as the SNMP agent for the CMTS.
! Provide the command-line interface.
! Run the CMTS’s Routing Engine.
! Support the subscriber account management (SAM) interface.
The Chassis Control Module contains a 500 MHz, Pentium III processor, 512 MB of RAM, and
256 MB CompactFlash, all delivering 1,300 MIPS of performance.
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Chassis Control Module
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Configuration, State, and Alarm Data
The Chassis Control Module stores configuration files for all DOCSIS Modules and itself.
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When a module boots, the Chassis Control Module sends the appropriate configuration file to
that module. Configuration files are ASCII text in a format readable by the command-line
interface. Users can edit these files on the CMTS or on an external host with any standard
text editor (see the JUNOSg Software Configuration Guide: Getting Started and System
Management for more information on configuration). The Chassis Control Module also
provides configuration data to management applications.
The Chassis Control Module polls each DOCSIS Module for state information, then stores that
data. This includes ranging and registration data on the cable modems and a backup of the
DOCSIS Modules’ memory and tables. Polling occurs at regular intervals to keep the data
current.
The Chassis Control Module collects and stores events from itself and the DOCSIS Modules
within the local event log. It uses this information to control the LEDs and provides this data
to management applications.
The Chassis Control Module monitors the power supplies for the failure and degraded
performance signals that they generate.
The Chassis Control Module monitors the fans for failures. If a fan in any of the multifan trays
fails, the module sends a signal to increase the speed of the remaining fans and conditionally
generates an event.
Physical and Electrical Characteristics
This section describes the physical dimensions, electrical characteristics, and components of
The Chassis Control Module installs into the chassis from the front. Midplane slots 6 and 7
are designated for this module. One module is required to manage the chassis.
Each Chassis Control Module consumes 29 watts maximum power.
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Chassis Control Module
Table 11: Chassis Control Module Physical Dimensions
Specification Value
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Height
Width
Depth
233 mm (9.2 in.) module
262 mm (10.3 in., 6 U) front panel
20 mm (0.8 in.)
(front panel width)
340 mm (13.4 in.)
(excluding front panel and cPCI connectors)
Table 12: Chassis Control Module Connectors
Connector Label
Function
COM
Eth0
RS-232 DB-9 connector for serial interface.
Fast Ethernet RJ-45 connector for CMTS management.
Table 13: Chassis Control Module Switches
Switch Label
Cut-off
Function
Disables audible alarm signals. Causes ACO LED to illuminate.
Reset
Depress for < 2 sec—Soft reset. Module is reinitialized.
Depress for > 2 sec—Hard reset. All module components, except Host Controller, are reset.
Table 14: Chassis Control Module LEDs
LED Label
Minor
Major
Crit
Color
Green
Function
On—Event of priority Warning, Notice, Information, or Critical has occurred.
On—Event of priority Error has occurred.
Amber
Red
On—Event of priority Emergency, Alert, or Critical has occurred.
Run
Green / Red
Green—Module is active.
Red—Module has been deactivated.
ACO
Green
Green
On—Alarm Cutoff is activated.
∆1 ∆2
On—Active module.
Off—Stand-by module (not used).
IDE
Green
Not used.
Power
Green / Red
Green—Power on.
Red—Fault present.
Not used.
USR1
Bi-color
Bi-color
Blue
USR2
Not used.
Hot Swap
ON—Module is ready to be removed. Illuminates after the ejector release is
pressed. During hot insertion, LED is ON until ejectors are locked.
OFF during power up.
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NIC Module
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NIC Module
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The NIC Module provides a GBIC-based network-side interface for the G10 CMTS, as well as
Ethernet switching functions. Four versions of this module are available:
! Single mode, long range—Optical interface for long haul network connections, up to 80
kilometers.
! Single mode, midrange—Optical interface for midrange network connections, up to 10
kilometers.
! Multimode—Optical interface for short haul network connections, up to 550 meters.
This is the default configuration.
! 1000BT mode—Electrical interface for very short haul network connections, less than
100 meters.
The version of the NIC Module installed is determined by the GBIC (Gigabit Interface
Converter) modules you have installed. The GBIC module houses the network connectors and
associated interface circuitry. These modules are field-replaceable units.
The NIC Module also provides Fast Ethernet switch ports that can be used in conjunction with
the GBIC connectors. They are accessible on the NIC Access Module cable (see “NIC Access
The NIC Module connects with the NIC Access Module in the rear of the chassis through the
midplane. This keeps the cabling in back of the chassis.
The NIC Module does not support the spanning tree
protocol (STP). BPDU packets are not forwarded by the NIC
Module.
Figure 16 on page 43 shows the NIC Module front panel.
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42
NIC Module
Figure 16: NIC Module Front Panel
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PULL
G
B
I
C
GB0
GB1
G
B
I
C
CLK PWR RTM OK
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NIC Module
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Functional Characteristics
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The NIC Module contains a 6U (267 mm) x 340 mm card with a 4 HP (20 mm), single-wide
front panel. The module installs from the front of the chassis and is hot swappable.
The NIC Module provides the network-side interface of the G10 CMTS. It provides two Gigabit
Ethernet and 24 Fast Ethernet switch ports (eight ports are used for DOCSIS Module
connectivity, four ports are for general purposes, and 12 ports are reserved for future use).
The NIC Module aggregates all upstream traffic from the DOCSIS Modules and routes it to
one or more of the switch ports. The NIC Module distributes all downstream traffic from the
“Switched I/O Module” on page 53 for more information on traffic routing.
The NIC Module is powered by a 266 MHz MPC8240 processor and contains a 64 MB SDRAM
buffer, 32 MB of system memory, and a 32.5 MB flash memory, all delivering 6.6 million pps
switching capacity.
Physical and Electrical Characteristics
This section describes the physical dimensions, electrical characteristics and components of
The NIC Modules install from the front and occupy midplane slots 5 and 9. To maximum the
number of MAC addresses supported, we recommend you use one NIC Module for each of
the two domains (A and B) of the chassis.
Each NIC Module consumes 36 watts maximum power.
Table 15: NIC Module Physical Dimensions
Specification
Value
Height
Width
Depth
233 mm (9.2 in.) module
262 mm (10.3 in., 6 U) front panel
20 mm (0.8 in.)
(front panel width)
340 mm (13.4 in.)
(excluding front panel and cPCI connectors)
Table 16: NIC Module Connectors
Connector Label
Function
0 and 1
Duplex Gigabit Ethernet interface converters with SC optical connectors, or HSSDC serial
connector for 1000BT mode.
COM
RS-232 DB-9 connector for serial interface.
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NIC Module
Table 17: Single-Mode, Long-Range GBIC Specifications
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Parameter
Value
Transmitter type
Range
Longwave laser, 1550 nm
80 Km
Data rate (nominal)
Average launch power
1.0625 to 1.250 Gbps
-4 dBm min.
-1 dBm max.
Transmitter extinction ratio
Data format
9 dB min.
8B / 10B
Average receive power
-25.5 dBm min.
-1 dBm max.
Connector
Regulatory
Duplex SC
Class 1 devices per FDA/CDRH and IEC-825-1 laser safety regulations
Table 18: Single-Mode, Midrange GBIC Specifications
Parameter
Value
Transmitter type
Range
Longwave laser, 1310 nm
10 Km
Data rate (nominal)
Average launch power
1.0625 to 1.250 Gbps
-8 dBm min.
-3 dBm max.
Transmitter extinction ratio
Data format
9 dB min.
8B / 10B
Average receive power
-19 dBm min.
-26.5 dBm typical
-3 dBm max.
Connector
Regulatory
Duplex SC
Class 1 devices per FDA/CDRH and IEC-825-1 laser safety regulations
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NIC Module
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Table 19: Multimode GBIC Specifications
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Parameter
Value
Transmitter type
Range
Shortwave laser, 850 nm
550 m
Data rate (nominal)
1.0625 to 1.250 Gbps
Average launch power (62.5 µm -9.5 dBm min.
MMF)
-5 dBm max.
9 dB min.
8B / 10B
Transmitter extinction ratio
Data format
Average receive sensitivity
-22 dBm typical
-20.5 dBm max.
Connector
Duplex SC
Total Tx jitter contribution
45 psec typical
Total Tx+Rx jitter contribution 50 psec typical
Output rise/fall time
Regulatory
120 psec typical
Class 1 devices per FDA/CDRH and IEC-825-1 laser safety regulations
Table 20: 1000BT GBIC Specifications
Parameter
Data rate
Value
1000BaseT
RJ-45
Connector
Transmitter type
CAT 5 twisted pair
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NIC Module
Table 21: NIC Module LEDs
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LED
Color
Function
Pull
Red
On—Module software is in a safe state; module can be
removed.
LED is on during power up and off during normal
operation.
0 through 23
Green
On—Successful link of the corresponding Ethernet
interface.
FLASHING—Activity on corresponding channel.
LEDs are off during power up.
GB0
GB1
Green
Green
On—Successful link of corresponding Gigabit Ethernet
interface.
LED is off during power up.
Not used.
CLK
LED is on during power up and off during normal
operation.
PWR
RTM
Green
Green
On—Power is applied to the module.
LED is on during power up.
On—Continuity is established with NIC Access Module
(Rear Transition Module).
LED is on during power up.
OK
Green
On—Successful initialization of module completed.
LED is off during power up and on after initialization is
completed.
EXT FLT
Amber
On—One or more of the FE or GE ports is enabled, but
unused.
LED is on during power up.
INT FLT
Amber
Blue
On—Failure detected in the module.
LED is on during power up.
Hot SWP
On—Module is ready to be removed. Illuminates after the
ejector release is pressed. During hot insertion, LED is on
until ejectors are locked.
Off during power up.
When the single-mode (long-range—80 km) GBIC module
is used in the NIC Module and there is no link activity on
the Gigabit Ethernet port, the LEDs GB0 and GB1 might
dimly flicker. This is normal.
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Chassis Rear Modules
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Chassis Rear Modules
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The rear modules, in general, are designed to locate the chassis cable connections on the
back of the chassis rather than the front. The rear modules primarily distribute signals
between the functional modules in front and the cabling in the rear.
This section discusses the following chassis rear modules:
NIC Access Module
The NIC Access Module contains a 6 U (267 mm) x 80 mm card with a 4 HP (20 mm),
single-wide rear panel. The module installs from the rear of the chassis and is hot-swappable.
There must be one NIC Access Module opposite each NIC Module.
The NIC Access Module passes the network traffic through the midplane as Fast Ethernet
frames to and from the NIC Module. The module has two RJ-21 connectors. A NIC Access
Module cable plugs into each connector and fans out to 12 individual lines with RJ-45
connectors. Eight of the RJ-45 connectors from the NIC Access Module cable plugged into
connector 1 mate with the HFC Connector Modules or SIMs within the same chassis domain.
The NIC Access Module cable plugged into connector 2 provides four RJ-45 connectors that
Module” on page 53 for more discussion and an illustration of the data flow path.
the NIC Access Module rear panel.
Table 22: NIC Access Module LEDs
LED
Color
Green
Green
Green
Amber
Function
POWER
ON—Power is applied to the module.
ON—Initialization successfully completed.
ON—Failure detected in the module.
OPERATIONAL
INT FAULT
EXT FAULT
ON—One or more of the Fast Ethernet or Gigabit
Ethernet ports is enabled, but unused.
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Chassis Rear Modules
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HFC Connector Module
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The HFC Connector Module contains a 6 U (267 mm) x 80 mm card with an 8 HP (40 mm),
double-wide rear panel. The module installs from the rear of the chassis and is
hot-swappable.
The HFC Connector Module has two RJ-45 Ethernet connectors carrying IP data to and from
the network-side interface. The module also has four downstream F-connectors and four
upstream F-connectors for routing traffic to and from the HFC network (see Figure 18 on
page 51).
The HFC Connector Modules are located on the opposite side of the midplane from the
DOCSIS Modules. These modules can occupy slots 1 through 4 and 10 through 13. There is
one HFC Connector Module for each DOCSIS Module.
If a NIC Module is used in a version 2 chassis, you must use
a SIM opposite each DOCSIS Module to provide the
Ethernet connectivity between a DOCSIS Module and a
NIC Module (through the midplane). You must not use an
HFC Connector Module in this configuration.
The HFC Connector Module receives downstream IP data from the 100Base-T Ethernet cables
coming from the NIC Access Module. IP data is then passed to the DOCSIS Module for
processing into DOCSIS frames, then into an MPEG stream. The MPEG stream is modulated
onto the RF carrier signal and routed back to the HFC Connector Module (through the
midplane) for downstream distribution through the F-connectors to the HFC network.
Upstream data follows the path in reverse order, starting with data coming into the upstream
Table 23: HFC Connector Module Fast Ethernet LEDs
LED
Function
Green
On—Link is present.
Off—Link is not present.
Blinking—Activity on link.
Amber
On—100Base-T mode.
Off—10Base-T mode.
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Chassis Rear Modules
Figure 18: HFC Connector Module Rear Panel
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DS 0
US 0
DS 1
US 1
DS 2
US 2
DS 3
US 3
Eth0
Eth1
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Chassis Rear Modules
•
Figure 19: G10 CMTS Data Flow
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Downstream RF
DOCSIS Frames in MPEG Stream
Downstream
DOCSIS
Upstream
Ethernet
Network-
Side
Interface
Hybrid
Fiber/Coax
Ethernet
Ethernet
Gigabit Ethernet
IP Data
10/100BASE-T
IP Data
Upstream
DOCSIS
Downstream
Midplane
Upstream Data Bursts
in TDMA
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52
Chassis Rear Modules
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Switched I/O Module
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The Switched I/O Module (SIM) contains a 6 U (267 mm) x 80 mm card with an 8 HP
(40 mm), double-wide rear panel. The module installs from the rear of the chassis and is
hot-swappable.
The SIM has four RJ-45 Ethernet connectors, and four downstream F-connectors and eight
upstream F-connectors for routing traffic to and from the HFC network (see Figure 20 on
page 54).
! Fast Ethernet ports Eth0-B and Eth1-B are not used.
! Upstream F-connectors US4 through US7 are not
used.
! Ports DSR-IN and DSR-OUT are not used.
The SIMs are located on the opposite side of the midplane from the DOCSIS Modules. These
modules can occupy slots 1 through 4 and 10 through 13. There is one SIM for each DOCSIS
Module.
The SIM provides the path and switching for Ethernet frames between DOCSIS Modules and
the NIC Module.
! If you have a version 1 chassis, the Ethernet path is through a NIC Access Module cable
connected between the NIC Access Module and the SIM.
! If you have a version 2 chassis, the Ethernet path is through the midplane. This
eliminates the need for external NIC Access Module cables.
If a NIC Module is used in a version 2 chassis, you must use
a SIM opposite each DOCSIS Module to provide the
Ethernet connectivity between a DOCSIS Module and a
NIC Module (through the midplane). You must not use an
HFC Connector Module in this configuration.
The SIM receives downstream IP data from the NIC Access Module. IP data is then passed to
the DOCSIS Module for processing into DOCSIS frames, then into an MPEG stream. The
MPEG stream is modulated onto the RF carrier signal and routed back to the SIM (through the
midplane) for downstream distribution through the F-connectors to the HFC network.
Upstream data follows the path in reverse order, starting with data coming into the upstream
Figure 20 on page 54 shows the SIM rear panel.
These LEDs can illuminate even when no cables are
connected to the ports, as long as the link is present from
the DOCSIS Module through the midplane.
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Chassis Rear Modules
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Table 24: SIM Fast Ethernet Port LEDs
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LED
Function
Green
On—Link is present.
Off—Link is not present.
Blinking—Activity on link.
Amber
On—100Base-T mode.
Off—10Base-T mode.
Figure 20: SIM Rear Panel
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Chassis Rear Modules
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Hard Disk Module
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The Hard Disk Module contains a 6 U (267 mm) x 80 mm card with a 4 HP (20 mm),
single-wide rear panel. The module installs from the rear of the chassis and is hot-swappable.
The Hard Disk Module contains the system nonvolatile memory implemented as a hard disk.
There must be one Hard Disk Module for each Chassis Control Module. It installs opposite the
Chassis Control Module in slot 6 or 7. The Hard Disk Module is keyed so that it can be
installed only in slots 6 and 7.
The serial port COM is identical to the serial port on the Chassis Control Module and can be
used as a local management port.
The Fast Ethernet port Eth is not used.
Figure 21 on page 56 shows the Hard Disk Module rear panel.
Hardware Component Overview
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CShysatepm tArechritec3ture Overview
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This chapter provides an overview of the G10 CMTS’s system architecture, discussing the
following topics:
JUNOSg Internet Software Overview
The JUNOSg software provides Internet Protocol (IP) routing software, as well as software for
interface, cable, network, and chassis management.
The software runs on the CMTS’s Routing Engine. The software consists of processes that
support Internet routing protocols, control the CMTS’s interfaces and the CMTS chassis itself,
and allow system management of the CMTS. All these processes run on top of a kernel that
provides the communication among all the processes and has a direct link to the Packet
Forwarding Engine software. You use the JUNOSg software to configure the routing protocols
that run on the CMTS and properties of the interfaces in the CMTS. After you have activated a
software configuration, you can use the software to monitor the protocol traffic passing
through the CMTS and to troubleshoot protocol, network, and HFC network connectivity
problems.
This section discusses the following topics to provide an overview of the components of the
software and of how to use the software:
For complete information about configuring the software, including examples, see the
JUNOSg software configuration guides.
System Architecture Overview
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JUNOSg Internet Software Overview
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Routing Engine Software Components
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The Routing Engine software consists of several software processes that control router
functionality and a kernel that provides the communication among all the processes. This
section describes each of the Routing Engine software components:
Routing Protocol Process
The software routing protocol process controls the routing protocols that run on the CMTS.
The routing protocol process starts all configured routing protocols and handles all routing
messages. It maintains one routing table and consolidates the routing information learned
from all routing protocols into this common table. From this routing information, the routing
protocol process determines the active routes to network destinations and installs these
routes into the Routing Engine’s forwarding table. Finally, the routing protocol process
implements routing policy, which allows you to control the routing information that is
transferred between the routing protocols and the routing table. Using routing policy, you can
filter routing information so that only some of it is transferred, and you also can set
properties associated with the routes.
For complete information about the routing protocol process, including routing protocols,
routing and forwarding tables, routing policy, and interfaces, see the JUNOSg software
configuration guides.
Routing Protocols
The JUNOSg Internet software implements full IP routing functionality, providing support for
IP Version 4 (IPv4). The routing protocols are fully interoperable with existing IP routing
protocols, and provide the scale and control necessary for the Internet core. The software
provides support for the following routing and traffic engineering protocols:
! OSPF—Open Shortest Path First, Version 2, is an IGP that was developed for IP networks
by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). OSPF is a link-state protocol that makes
routing decisions based on the SPF algorithm.
! RIP—Routing Information Protocol, Version 2, is an IGP for IP networks based on the
Bellman-Ford algorithm. RIP is a distance-vector protocol. The JUNOSg RIP software is
compatible with RIP Version 1.
! ICMP—Internet Control Message Protocol router discovery allows hosts to discover the
addresses of operational routers on the subnet.
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JUNOSg Internet Software Overview
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Routing and Forwarding Tables
A primary function of the JUNOSg routing protocol process is to maintain the Routing
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Engine’s routing table and to determine the active routes to network destinations. It then
installs these routes into the Routing Engine’s forwarding table. The JUNOSg kernel then
copies this forwarding table to the Packet Forwarding Engine.
The routing table stores routing information for all routing protocols running on the CMTS.
OSPF and RIP store their routing information in this common routing table, and you can
configure additional routes, such as static routes, to be included in this routing table. OSPF
and RIP use the routes in the routing table when advertising routing information to their
neighbors.
Using the routing table, the routing protocol process uses the collected routing information to
determine active routes to network destinations. The routing protocol process determines
active routes by choosing the most preferred route, which is the route with the lowest
preference value. By default, the route’s preference value is simply a function of how the
routing protocol process learned about the route. You can modify the default preference value
using routing policy and with software configuration parameters.
Routing Policy
By default, all routing protocols place their routes into the routing table. When advertising
routes, the routing protocols, by default, advertise only a limited set of routes from the
routing table. Specifically, each routing protocol exports only the active routes that were
learned by that protocol. In addition, IGPs (OSPF and RIP) export the direct (interface) routes
for the interfaces on which the protocol is explicitly configured.
For the routing table, you can affect the routes that a protocol places into the table and the
routes from the table that the protocol advertises by defining one or more routing policies
and then applying them to the specific routing protocol.
Routing policies applied when the routing protocol places routes into the routing table are
called import policies because the routes are being imported into the routing table. Policies
applied when the routing protocol is advertising routes that are in the routing table are called
export policies because the routes are being exported from the routing table. In other words,
the terms import and export are used with respect to the routing table.
Routing policy allows you to control (filter) which routes are imported into the routing table
and which routes are exported from the routing table. Routing policy also allows you to set
the information associated with a route as it is being imported into or exported from the
routing table. Applying routing policy to imported routes allows you to control the routes used
to determine active routes. Applying routing policy to routes being exported from the routing
table allows you to control the routes that a protocol advertises to its neighbors.
You implement routing policy by defining policies. A policy specifies the conditions to use to
match a route and the action to perform on the route when a match occurs. For example,
when a routing table imports routing information from a routing protocol, a routing policy
might modify the route’s preference or prevent the route from even being installed in a
routing table. When exporting routes from a routing table into a routing protocol, a policy
might assign metric values, tag the route with additional information, or prevent the route
from being exported altogether. You also can define policies for redistributing the routes
learned from one protocol into another protocol.
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JUNOSg Internet Software Overview
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Interface Process
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The JUNOSg interface process allows you to configure and control the physical interface
devices and logical interfaces in the CMTS. You configure various interface properties such as
the interface location (the slot in which the module is installed and the port on the module),
the interface family (Layer 2 or Layer 3), and interface-specific properties. You can configure
the interfaces that are currently present in the CMTS, as well as interfaces that you might be
adding.
The JUNOSg interface process communicates with the interface process in the Packet
Forwarding Engine through the JUNOSg kernel, enabling the JUNOSg software to track the
status and condition of the CMTS’s interfaces.
SNMP and MIB II Processes
The JUNOSg Internet software supports the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP),
Versions 1, 2, and 3, which provides a mechanism for monitoring the state of the CMTS. This
software is controlled by the JUNOSg SNMP and MIB II processes, which consist of an SNMP
master agent and a MIB II agent.
Management Process
Within the JUNOSg software, a management process starts and monitors all the other
software processes, as well as the command-line interface (CLI), which is the primary tool
you use to control and monitor the JUNOSg software. The management process starts all the
software processes and the CLI when the CMTS boots. If a software process terminates for
some reason, the management process makes all reasonable attempts to restart it.
Routing Engine Kernel
The Routing Engine kernel provides the underlying infrastructure for all the JUNOSg software
processes. It also provides the link among the routing protocol process’ routing table and the
Routing Engine’s forwarding table. Additionally, it conducts communication with the Packet
Forwarding Engine, including keeping the Packet Forwarding Engine’s copy of the forwarding
table synchronized with the master copy in the Routing Engine.
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JUNOSg Internet Software Overview
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Tools for Accessing and Controlling the Software
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The primary means of accessing and controlling the JUNOSg software is the CLI.
The CMTS provides two ports on the Chassis Control Module for connecting external
management devices to the Routing Engine and hence to the JUNOSg software:
! Fast Ethernet management port (Eth0)—Connects the Routing Engine to a management
LAN (or any other device that plugs into an Ethernet connection) for out-of-band
management of the CMTS. The Ethernet port can be 10 or 100 Mbps and uses an
autosensing RJ-45 connector.
! Console port (COM)—Connects a system console to the Routing Engine with an RS-232
serial cable.
The CLI is the interface to the JUNOSg Internet software that you use whenever you access
the CMTS from the console or through a remote network connection. The CLI provides
commands used to perform various tasks, including configuring the JUNOSg software, and
monitoring and troubleshooting the software, network connectivity, and the CMTS hardware.
The JUNOSg CLI is a straightforward command interface. You type commands on a single
line, and enter the commands by pressing the Enter key. The CLI provides command help
and command completion, and also provides Emacs-style keyboard sequences that allow
you to move around on a command line and scroll through a buffer that contains recently
executed commands.
Software Monitoring Tools
You can monitor and troubleshoot the software, routing protocols, network connectivity, and
hardware by running commands from the CLI. The CLI provides commands that let you
display information in the routing table, display routing protocol-specific information, and
check network connectivity using the ping and traceroute commands.
The JUNOSg software includes Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) software,
which allows you to manage CMTSs. The SNMP software consists of an SNMP master agent
and a MIB II agent, and provides full support for MIB II SNMP Version 1 traps and Version 2
and Version 3 notifications.
The software also supports tracing and logging operations, which allow you to track events
that occur in the CMTS—both normal CMTS operations and error conditions—and to track
the packets that are generated by or pass through the CMTS. Logging operations use a system
log-like mechanism to record systemwide, high-level operations, such as interfaces going up
or down and users logging into or out of the CMTS. Tracing operations record more detailed
messages about the operation of routing protocols, such as the various types of routing
protocol packets sent and received, and routing policy actions.
Software Installation and Upgrade Procedures
The JUNOSg software is preinstalled in the CMTS. To upgrade the software, you copy a set of
software images over the network to the CMTS’s flash disk using the CLI. The JUNOSg
software set consists of several images that are provided in individual packages or as a single
bundle. You normally upgrade all packages simultaneously. For information about installing
and upgrading JUNOSg software, see the JUNOSg software configuration guides.
System Architecture Overview
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Data Path Processing
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Data Path Processing
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This section describes the data path processing of the downstream and upstream traffic
flows.
Packets that enter the CMTS from the network-side interface (NSI) and are destined for the
HFC network are processed through the downstream path. Packets that enter the CMTS from
the HFC network and are destined to either the NSI or the HFC network are processed
flow through the modules in a chassis.
Downstream Data Path
Following is a description of the flow of a packet through the downstream data path of a
DOCSIS Module:
1. A packet is received on the Gigabit Ethernet interface of a NIC Module and is forwarded
to a DOCSIS Module over a Fast Ethernet connection.
2. If you have configured and applied a subscriber management input filter, the packet is
evaluated based on the filter configuration and is either dropped or passed.
3. If the packet is not dropped by the input filter, it is classified to an ingress logical
interface (unit) and either bridged (Layer 2) or forwarded (Layer 3), depending on the
configuration of the ingress unit, to the egress unit.
4. The packet is classified to a service flow based on its header.
5. If you have configured and applied a subscriber management or IEEE 802.1 output filter,
the packet is evaluated based on the filter configuration and is either dropped or passed.
6. If the packet is not dropped by the output filter, it is sent to QoS processing, where it is
ordered and scheduled based on its QoS parameters and the traffic scheduling policy
you have configured. If you have configured a congestion management policy, the
packet might be dropped, depending on its projected queue traversal latency.
7. The packet is transmitted to the HFC network on the physical interface associated with
the egress unit.
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Data Path Processing
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Upstream Data Path
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Following is a description of the flow of a packet through the upstream data path of a DOCSIS
Module:
1. If you have configured and applied a subscriber management or IEEE 802.1 input filter,
a packet received on a cable interface of a DOCSIS Module is evaluated based on the
filter configuration and is either dropped or passed.
2. If the packet is not dropped by an input filter, it is classified to an ingress unit and either
bridged (Layer 2) or forwarded (Layer 3), depending on the configuration of the ingress
unit, to the egress unit.
3. If you have configured and applied a subscriber management or IEEE 802.1 output filter,
the packet is evaluated based on the filter configuration and is either dropped or passed.
4. If the packet is not dropped by the output filter, it is sent to QoS processing, where it is
ordered and scheduled based on its QoS parameters and the traffic scheduling policy
you have configured. If you have configured a congestion management policy, the
packet might be dropped, depending on its projected queue traversal latency.
5. The packet is transmitted to either the NSI or the HFC network on the physical interface
associated with the egress unit.
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Data Path Processing
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Figure 22: G10 CMTS Data Flow
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Midplane
DOCSIS Data
DOCSIS Data
Hybrid
Fiber/Coax
Management
Ports
Management
Data
Network-
Side
Interface
IP Data
G10 CMTS
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CPhreapapretthee Srite4
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This chapter provides the installation site requirements and step-by-step procedures that we
recommend in preparation for the installation of the G10 CMTS in the headend. The
installation procedures described in this manual assume that the procedures and the
checklist provided in this chapter have been successfully completed and approved by the
user and Juniper Networks field engineers.
All the steps required to successfully install the G10 CMTS are summarized at the end of this
The topics in this chapter include:
Prepare the Site
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Safety Precautions
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Safety Precautions
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During the preparation and installation of the G10 CMTS,
we strongly recommend that you adhere to the
precautions presented in this section to avoid physical
injury due to lifting, moving, or rack mounting the CMTS.
! Only trained and certified personnel should be involved in the installation of the CMTS.
! We recommend the use of a lift to install the G10 CMTS.
! Do not attempt to lift the G10 CMTS alone. If a lift is not used, we recommend at least
three installers assist with lifting the system. This includes removal from the shipping
carton, temporary or permanent placement on a flat surface, rack mounting, or lifting
for any other purpose.
! Prior to lifting and moving the G10 CMTS, ensure that the path you will be taking is
totally unobstructed.
! To avoid back injury when lifting the G10 CMTS, avoid bending your back to achieve lift
leverage. Instead, keep your back in the upright position, and bend at the knees. Also
avoid twisting your back while lifting.
! Always rack mount a system from the bottom up to maintain the lowest possible center
of gravity of the entire rack with its equipment.
! Do not install any additional modules or power supplies to the G10 CMTS prior to
mounting it in a rack. First mount the system into the rack with its original contents as
shipped, then install additional components after the G10 CMTS is securely mounted to
its rack.
! Never attempt to move the G10 CMTS while any cables or power cords are still
connected.
! Ensure that any loose articles of clothing are well clear of the fan trays prior to powering
up the G10 CMTS.
During the preparation and installation of the G10 CMTS,
we strongly recommend that you adhere to the
precautions presented in this section to avoid physical
injury due to an electrical hazard.
High levels of electrical energy are distributed across the
system midplane. Be careful not to contact the midplane
connectors, or any component connected to the midplane,
with any metallic object while hot-swapping or servicing
components installed in the system.
! We recommend at least two installers be present when connecting the G10 CMTS to its
power source.
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Safety Precautions
! Remove all jewelry that can act as a conductor of electricity such as watches, rings,
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bracelets, and necklaces.
! Prior to making any power connections, locate the emergency power-off switch and
ensure that the path between where the G10 CMTS will be installed and the power-off
switch is unobstructed.
! Prior to making any power connections, survey the immediate area to ensure that no
additional electrical safety hazards exist (such as ungrounded equipment or power
cords, or damp, moist areas that could conduct electricity).
! Ensure that the power supply switches on the rear of the G10 CMTS are in the OFF (O)
position prior to connecting any power cords.
! Use the factory-supplied AC power cords. These cords are grounded and appropriately
rated for the G10 CMTS.
! Use the factory-supplied DC power cord ring lugs, and wire according to your local code
for the DC power cord connection to the G10 CMTS.
! Attach all power cords to their appropriate terminals (AC or DC) in the rear of the G10
CMTS prior to plugging any power cord into its respective power source (AC or DC).
! Never apply excessive force when attaching a power cord to a terminal or power source
if it does not readily mate with ease. Having to apply an unusual amount of force might
indicate that electrical leads are bent and damaged, or that an improper connection is
being attempted.
! Ensure that the G10 CMTS chassis is properly grounded to earth prior to connecting any
During the preparation and installation of the G10 CMTS,
we strongly recommend that you adhere to the
precautions presented in this section to avoid damaging
the G10 CMTS.
! Before handling any G10 CMTS module, always wear an ESD ground strap that is
connected to the ESD strap jack located on the front of the chassis.
! Leave all modules in the anti-static bags they are shipped in until you are ready to install
the modules into the G10 CMTS.
! Handle all modules by their card edges or ejectors and avoid directly touching any
component on a module.
! Ensure that all modules and power supplies are properly aligned and mated to their
respective midplane connectors prior to powering up the G10 CMTS. Check that all
captive retainer screws are securely tightened according to the torque specifications
provided herein.
! Air management modules and air management panels must always be installed in
empty slots while operating the G10 CMTS to ensure that proper air ventilation occurs
throughout the chassis, and to reduce electromagnetic interference (EMI) emissions.
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Notices
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! All modules and power supplies are designed to smoothly slide into the G10 CMTS
chassis using the card guides. Do not apply excessive force during the insertion of any
assembly into the system. If resistance to insertion is encountered while installing any
assembly, carefully remove it, realign its card edge with the chassis’ card guides, and
reinsert it into the system.
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! When you install a rear chassis module, apply more pressure to the upper ejector than to
the lower ejector. This ensures the module connectors on the top of the card edge are
properly aligned with the midplane connectors. The bottom edge has no connectors, so
you do not need to press the rear ejector as firmly.
! Do not operate the G10 CMTS without the front and rear fan trays that are shipped with
the system.
! Do not apply torque to screws that is below or above the specifications provided herein.
Notices
! This equipment is intended only for installation in a
restricted access location within a building.
! This equipment is intended for indoor use only.
! This equipment does not have a direct copper
connection to the outside plant.
! Removal of power supplies or cards will result in
access to hazardous energy.
! Each power cord must be connected to an
independent branch circuit.
! Product connected to two power sources. Disconnect
both power sources before servicing.
Risk of explosion if battery is replaced by an incorrect
type. Dispose of used batteries according to the
instructions.
This is a Class A product. In a domestic environment this
product may cause radio interference in which case the
user may be required to take adequate measures.
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Power
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This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules.
Operation is subject to the following two conditions:
(1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and
(2) this device must accept any interference received,
including interference that may cause undesired operation.
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Power
The G10 CMTS can be configured with either AC or DC power supply modules. To support a
fully-populated CMTS, the installation site must be able to source 1500 watts of input power.
The G10 CMTS chassis midplane is electrically partitioned
into A and B domains. To support power redundancy, you
must supply power from different circuits to each power
transition module to implement power source redundancy.
Ensure that all power distribution panel switches on the
rear of the CMTS are in the off position prior to connecting
any electrical power cords. Also ensure that the CMTS
chassis is properly grounded to earth prior to connecting
any source of power.
AC Power
The G10 CMTS requires an AC power source that operates within a voltage and frequency
range of 100 to 240 VAC and 47 to 63 Hz. In addition, appropriately sized circuit protection
measures must be implemented to ensure compliance with electrical regulatory standards.
Use the factory-supplied power cords for AC power.
AC power sources must use circuit breakers, rather than
fuses, for current surge protection.
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Environment
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DC Power
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The G10 CMTS requires a DC power source that operates within a voltage range of –36 to
–75 VDC. Unlike the AC configuration, the DC power transition modules do not operate
independently. Each DC power transition module supports the power supplies in both
domains of the chassis. If one DC power transition module fails, all the current for the system
must be supplied from a single power source. Therefore, within the United States, a 50 A
circuit breaker (36 A maximum, plus margin) must be used with each of the two independent
DC power sources connected to the CMTS. Outside the United States, each DC power source
must have circuit breaker protection to account for a maximum current of 36 A, plus
additional margin required by local regulations.
Use the factory-supplied DC power cord ring lugs, and wire according to your local code for
the DC power cord connection to the G10 CMTS.
Environment
environmental conditions for the G10 CMTS.
Table 25: G10 CMTS Environmental Specifications
Parameter
Condition
Requirement
Temperature
Ambient operating
0° to +40°C (0° to +104°F)
Ambient non-operating
Ambient operating and non-operating
Operating and non-operating
Operating
–35° to +60°C (–31° to +140°F)
10% to 90% (non-condensing)
0 to 3048 m (10,000 ft)
Humidity
Altitude
Vibration
5 Hz to 200 Hz, at 1.0g (1.0 oct/min)
5 Hz to 200 Hz, at 1.0g (1.0 oct/min)
200 Hz to 500 Hz, at 2.0g (1.0 oct/min)
Non-operating
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Mounting
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Mounting
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The G10 CMTS can be mounted in a 19-inch EIA RS-310-C equipment rack or a 23-inch AT&T
DATAPHONE equipment rack. You can install the CMTS into non-standard racks by using the
additional rail mounting bracket holes in the CMTS.
We recommend that you rack mount systems from the
bottom up to maintain the lowest possible center of gravity
of the entire rack with its equipment.
We recommend that you use an equipment shelf or tray
beneath the CMTS to support its weight. The shelf avoids
backward toppling of the rack and excess torque on the
mounting brackets.
We recommend you use a cable organizer to assist with the routing of cables to and from the
equipment rack. You should mount the cable organizer after the CMTS is installed.
For thermal management, airflow enters into the lower front and sides of the CMTS chassis
and exits through the upper rear. As a result, a clearance of 3 to 6 inches is required on each
side of the CMTS. You can mount additional equipment directly on either the top or the
bottom of the CMTS without impacting system ventilation.
We recommend that you locate neighboring equipment
such that its ventilation exhaust does not feed into the
CMTS air intakes.
We recommend that you maintain proper clearance to the front and rear of the mounting
rack so that the CMTS can be easily accessed during maintenance. The recommended
clearance to the front and rear of the chassis is 3 feet and 2 feet.
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Tools and Equipment Required for Installation
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Tools and Equipment Required for Installation
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You need the following tools to complete the G10 CMTS installation:
! M2.5 Phillips torque screwdriver
! M2.5 flathead torque screwdriver
! M3 Phillips torque screwdriver
! M5 Phillips torque screwdriver
! #10 Phillips torque screwdriver
! #10 flathead torque screwdriver
! #12 Phillips torque screwdriver
! 7/16 in. torque wrench
! 22-10 AWG crimper/cutter/stripper
In addition, you might need the following supplies:
! RF cables and adapters
! Ethernet cables with RJ-45 connectors
You need the following equipment to configure the G10 CMTS and verify that the RF system
has been set up properly:
! PC with asynchronous terminal emulation
! RF spectrum analyzer
! RF power meter
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Coaxial Cable Requirements
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Coaxial Cable Requirements
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To achieve optimal RF performance and to minimize the potential damage of the
F-connectors on the HFC Connector Modules and SIMs, we recommend that you use the
Table 26: Coaxial Cable Requirements
Cable Type
Diameter of Center Conductor
0.57 mm (0.022 in)
RG-59/U
RG-59
RG-6
0.86 mm (0.034 in)
1.05 mm (0.041 in)
particular F-connector is replaced, we recommend that the you replace it with a cable that
has the same, or larger, center conductor diameter than the original cable. This ensures that
proper contact between the cable conductor and an F-connector is maintained.
If a replacement cable has a smaller center conductor diameter than the original cable—for
example, replacing an RG-6 cable with an RG-59U—the smaller RG-59U cable conductor
might not make adequate contact with an F-connector, which can potentially lead to a partial
or complete loss of the signal.
Characterization of Installation Site
You need to characterize several parameters associated with the installation site prior to the
installation of the CMTS. These parameters relate to specific aspects of the installation site
system, HFC network connections, and CMTS downstream and upstream transmissions. The
information collected allows field engineers to verify that the installation site environment is
plant and HFC environment.
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Characterization of Installation Site
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Table 27: RF Plant/HFC Environment Characterization
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Parameter
Value
Plant architecture type
____ HFC ____ All Coax
Number of optical links within HFC
Distance between optical links within HFC
Amplifier cascade depth from node
Homes passed per node
____ max ____ average
____ max ____ average
____ max ____ average
Total homes passed by installation site
Node combining ratio per port
___:1 upstream ___:1 downstream
Average upstream noise measurement (see note below)
Peak upstream noise measurement (see note below)
Passive loss from upstream receiver to CMTS
Maximum tap value used
____ dB
____ dB
____ dB
____ dB
____ dBmV
____ dB
Maximum tap output level at highest frequency
Maximum drop loss allowed from tap to home
Method used for return path alignment
Upstream frequency spectrum utilization
____ yes ____ no
We recommend that you take a sample of 10 percent of
the total nodes terminated at the installation site for
average and peak noise measurements using the
methodology described in “Noise Measurement
proceed to subsequent tables. If more than two DOCSIS services exist, additional tables are
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Characterization of Installation Site
Table 28: Existing DOCSIS Service Characterization
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Parameter
Value
1st DOCSIS Service
Upstream RF bandwidth allocated
Upstream modulation type
Upstream input level expected at CMTS
____ MHz (max) ____ MHz (min)
____ QPSK ____ 16QAM
____ dBmV
FEC enabled?
If yes, FEC level parameters (T and K)
____ yes ____ no
____T ____ K
Upstream measured C/N
____ dB
Downstream RF bandwidth allocated
Downstream modulation type
____ MHz (max) ____ MHz (min)
____ 64QAM ____256QAM
____ dB
Downstream output signal level (relative to analog video)
Downstream measured C/N
____ dB (DOSCIS carrier)
____ dB (Analog video carrier)
Downstream interleave depth setting
2nd DOCSIS Service
___ (# of taps) ____(increments)
Upstream RF bandwidth allocated
Upstream modulation type
____ MHz (max) ____ MHz (min)
____ QPSK ____ 16QAM
____ dBmV
Upstream input level expected at CMTS
FEC enabled?
If yes, FEC level parameters (T and K)
____ yes ____ no
____ T ____ K
Upstream measured C/N
____ dB
Downstream RF bandwidth allocated
Downstream modulation type
____ MHz (max) ____ MHz (min)
____ 64QAM ____256QAM
____ dB
Downstream output signal level (relative to analog video)
Downstream measured C/N
____ dB (DOCSIS carrier)
____ dB (Analog video carrier)
Downstream interleave depth setting
___ (# of taps) ____(increments)
downstream characterization information for a DOCSIS Module. If the CMTS configuration
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Characterization of Installation Site
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Table 29: Upstream CMTS Parameter Characterization
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Upstream Parameters
DOCSIS Module #___
Port 0
Port 1
Port 2
Port 3
Node combining ratio per
port
____ : 1
____ : 1
____ : 1
____ : 1
Expected interfaces per port
Expected port input level
____ dBmV
____ dBmV
____ dBmV
____ dBmV
Modulation type
(where applicable)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH0)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH1)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH2)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH3)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH4)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH5)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH6)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH7)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH8)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH9)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH10)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH11)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH12)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH13)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH14)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH15)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 0)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 1)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 2)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 3)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 4)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 5)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 6)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 7)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 8)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 9)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 10)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 11)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 12)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 13)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 14)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 15)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH0)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH1)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH2)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH3)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH4)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH5)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH6)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH7)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH8)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH9)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH10)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH11)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH12)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH13)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH14)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH15)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 0)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 1)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 2)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 3)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 4)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 5)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 6)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 7)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 8)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 9)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 10)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 11)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 12)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 13)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 14)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 15)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH0)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH1)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH2)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH3)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH4)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH5)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH6)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH7)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH8)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH9)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH10)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH11)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH12)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH13)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH14)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH15)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 0)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 1)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 2)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 3)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 4)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 5)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 6)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 7)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 8)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 9)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 10)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 11)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 12)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 13)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 14)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 15)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH0)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH1)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH2)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH3)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH4)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH5)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH6)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH7)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH8)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH9)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH10)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH11)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH12)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH13)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH14)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH15)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 0)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 1)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 2)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 3)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 4)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 5)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 6)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 7)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 8)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 9)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 10)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 11)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 12)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 13)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 14)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 15)
Channel width
(where applicable)
Circle the applicable unit.
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Characterization of Installation Site
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Upstream Parameters
Port 0
Port 1
Port 2
Port 3
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FEC enabled?
If yes, FEC level parameters
_____ yes _____ no
____ T ____ K (CH 0)
____ T ____ K (CH 1)
____ T ____ K (CH 2)
____ T ____ K (CH 3)
____ T ____ K (CH 4)
____ T ____ K (CH 5)
____ T ____ K (CH 6)
____ T ____ K (CH 7)
____ T ____ K (CH 8)
____ T ____ K (CH 9)
____ T ____ K (CH 10)
____ T ____ K (CH 11)
____ T ____ K (CH 12)
____ T ____ K (CH 13)
____ T ____ K (CH 14)
____ T ____ K (CH 15)
_____ yes _____ no
____ T ____ K (CH 0)
____ T ____ K (CH 1)
____ T ____ K (CH 2)
____ T ____ K (CH 3)
____ T ____ K (CH 4)
____ T ____ K (CH 5)
____ T ____ K (CH 6)
____ T ____ K (CH 7)
____ T ____ K (CH 8)
____ T ____ K (CH 9)
____ T ____ K (CH 10)
____ T ____ K (CH 11)
____ T ____ K (CH 12)
____ T ____ K (CH 13)
____ T ____ K (CH 14)
____ T ____ K (CH 15)
_____ yes _____ no
____ T ____ K (CH 0)
____ T ____ K (CH 1)
____ T ____ K (CH 2)
____ T ____ K (CH 3)
____ T ____ K (CH 4)
____ T ____ K (CH 5)
____ T ____ K (CH 6)
____ T ____ K (CH 7)
____ T ____ K (CH 8)
____ T ____ K (CH 9)
____ T ____ K (CH 10)
____ T ____ K (CH 11)
____ T ____ K (CH 12)
____ T ____ K (CH 13)
____ T ____ K (CH 14)
____ T ____ K (CH 15)
_____ yes _____ no
____ T ____ K (CH 0)
____ T ____ K (CH 1)
____ T ____ K (CH 2)
____ T ____ K (CH 3)
____ T ____ K (CH 4)
____ T ____ K (CH 5)
____ T ____ K (CH 6)
____ T ____ K (CH 7)
____ T ____ K (CH 8)
____ T ____ K (CH 9)
____ T ____ K (CH 10)
____ T ____ K (CH 11)
____ T ____ K (CH 12)
____ T ____ K (CH 13)
____ T ____ K (CH 14)
____ T ____ K (CH 15)
Interface frequency
(where applicable)
____ MHz (CH 0)
____ MHz (CH 1)
____ MHz (CH 2)
____ MHz (CH 3)
____ MHz (CH 4)
____ MHz (CH 5)
____ MHz (CH 6)
____ MHz (CH 7)
____ MHz (CH 8)
____ MHz (CH 9)
____ MHz (CH 10)
____ MHz (CH 11)
____ MHz (CH 12)
____ MHz (CH 13)
____ MHz (CH 14)
____ MHz (CH 15)
____ MHz (CH 0)
____ MHz (CH 1)
____ MHz (CH 2)
____ MHz (CH 3)
____ MHz (CH 4)
____ MHz (CH 5)
____ MHz (CH 6)
____ MHz (CH 7)
____ MHz (CH 8)
____ MHz (CH 9)
____ MHz (CH 10)
____ MHz (CH 11)
____ MHz (CH 12)
____ MHz (CH 13)
____ MHz (CH 14)
____ MHz (CH 15)
____ MHz (CH 0)
____ MHz (CH 1)
____ MHz (CH 2)
____ MHz (CH 3)
____ MHz (CH 4)
____ MHz (CH 5)
____ MHz (CH 6)
____ MHz (CH 7)
____ MHz (CH 8)
____ MHz (CH 9)
____ MHz (CH 10)
____ MHz (CH 11)
____ MHz (CH 12)
____ MHz (CH 13)
____ MHz (CH 14)
____ MHz (CH 15)
____ MHz (CH 0)
____ MHz (CH 1)
____ MHz (CH 2)
____ MHz (CH 3)
____ MHz (CH 4)
____ MHz (CH 5)
____ MHz (CH 6)
____ MHz (CH 7)
____ MHz (CH 8)
____ MHz (CH 9)
____ MHz (CH 10)
____ MHz (CH 11)
____ MHz (CH 12)
____ MHz (CH 13)
____ MHz (CH 14)
____ MHz (CH 15)
Required interface input
level
____ dBmV (CH 0)
____ dBmV (CH 1)
____ dBmV (CH 2)
____ dBmV (CH 3)
____ dBmV (CH 4)
____ dBmV (CH 5)
____ dBmV (CH 6)
____ dBmV (CH 7)
____ dBmV (CH 8)
____ dBmV (CH 9)
____ dBmV (CH 10)
____ dBmV (CH 11)
____ dBmV (CH 12)
____ dBmV (CH 13)
____ dBmV (CH 14)
____ dBmV (CH 15)
____ dBmV (CH 0)
____ dBmV (CH 1)
____ dBmV (CH 2)
____ dBmV (CH 3)
____ dBmV (CH 4)
____ dBmV (CH 5)
____ dBmV (CH 6)
____ dBmV (CH 7)
____ dBmV (CH 8)
____ dBmV (CH 9)
____ dBmV (CH 10)
____ dBmV (CH 11)
____ dBmV (CH 12)
____ dBmV (CH 13)
____ dBmV (CH 14)
____ dBmV (CH 15)
____ dBmV (CH 0)
____ dBmV (CH 1)
____ dBmV (CH 2)
____ dBmV (CH 3)
____ dBmV (CH 4)
____ dBmV (CH 5)
____ dBmV (CH 6)
____ dBmV (CH 7)
____ dBmV (CH 8)
____ dBmV (CH 9)
____ dBmV (CH 10)
____ dBmV (CH 11)
____ dBmV (CH 12)
____ dBmV (CH 13)
____ dBmV (CH 14)
____ dBmV (CH 15)
____ dBmV (CH 0)
____ dBmV (CH 1)
____ dBmV (CH 2)
____ dBmV (CH 3)
____ dBmV (CH 4)
____ dBmV (CH 5)
____ dBmV (CH 6)
____ dBmV (CH 7)
____ dBmV (CH 8)
____ dBmV (CH 9)
____ dBmV (CH 10)
____ dBmV (CH 11)
____ dBmV (CH 12)
____ dBmV (CH 13)
____ dBmV (CH 14)
____ dBmV (CH 15)
(where applicable)
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Characterization of Installation Site
•
Table 30: Downstream CMTS Parameter Characterization
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Downstream Parameters
DOCSIS Module #___
Port 0
Port 1
Port 2
Port 3
Node combining ratio per port
Interface frequency allocated
Modulation type
____ : 1
____ : 1
____ : 1
____ : 1
____ MHz
____ MHz
____ MHz
____ MHz
_ 64QAM _256QAM
____ dB
_ 64QAM _256QAM
____ dB
_ 64QAM _256QAM
____ dB
_ 64QAM _256QAM
____ dB
Output signal level (relative to analog
video)
Required interface output level
Interleave depth setting
____ dBmV
____ dBmV
____ dBmV
____ dBmV
___ [I] (# of taps)
___ [J] (increments)
___ [I] (# of taps)
___ [J] (increments)
___ [I] (# of taps)
___ [J] (increments)
___ [I] (# of taps)
___ [J] (increments)
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Characterization of Installation Site
Table 31: Upstream Frequency Spectrum Utilization
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Frequency
Description of Utilization
Frequency
Description of Utilization
5 – 6 MHz
24 – 25 MHz
6 – 7 MHz
25 – 26 MHz
26 – 27 MHz
27 – 28 MHz
28 – 29 MHz
29 – 30 MHz
30 – 31 MHz
31 – 32 MHz
32 – 33 MHz
33 – 34 MHz
34 – 35 MHz
35 – 36 MHz
36 – 37 MHz
37 – 38 MHz
38 – 39 MHz
39 – 40 MHz
40 – 41 MHz
41 – 42 MHz
7 – 8 MHz
8 – 9 MHz
9 – 10 MHz
10 – 11 MHz
11 – 12 MHz
12 – 13 MHz
13 – 14 MHz
14 – 15 MHz
15 – 16 MHz
16 – 17 MHz
17 – 18 MHz
18 – 19 MHz
19 – 20 MHz
20 – 21 MHz
21 – 22 MHz
22 – 23 MHz
23 – 24 MHz
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Summary Checklist
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Summary Checklist
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complete and review this checklist with field engineers to ensure the installation site is
prepared for installing the G10 CMTS.
Table 32: Pre-Installation Requirement Summary Checklist
Requirement
Verified
Safety
Grounding straps provided for ESD protection
Compliance verified with all local and national regulatory requirements
Equipment to be positioned in a clear, dry, dust-free area
Power
AC Power
AC-input supply operates within range of 100 to 240 VAC and 47 to 63 Hz
Appropriate circuit protection in place for compliance with area electric regulations
Separate AC-input power supply sources for CMTS A and B domains
DC Power
DC-input supply operates within range of –36 to –75 VDC
Appropriate circuit protection in place for compliance with area electric regulations
Separate DC-input power supply sources for CMTS A and B domains
Environment
Ambient temperature conditions satisfied
Ambient humidity conditions satisfied
Altitude conditions satisfied
Vibration conditions satisfied
Mounting
19-inch rack, 23-inch rack, or appropriate non-standard rack or shelf available
Cable organizer available for mounting rack
Adequate access clearance to front, rear, and sides of CMTS
Hardware
Specified tools and supplies available
Test equipment available for installation and verifying RF setup
Installation Site
Characterization of RF Plant/HFC environment parameters completed
Characterization of existing DOCSIS services completed
Characterization of upstream CMTS parameters completed
Characterization of downstream CMTS parameters completed
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Noise Measurement Methodology
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Noise Measurement Methodology
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This section describes the methodology for conducting average and peak upstream noise
measurements. The procedures establish a consistent methodology for obtaining the
requested information during the characterization of the installation site. We recommend you
use the HP 8591C spectrum analyzer for taking these measurements.
Average Upstream Noise Measurement
This section defines a procedure for taking the average upstream noise measurements
required as part of the RF plant and HFC environment characterization. We recommend that
provides the appropriate setup configuration settings for the HP 8591C spectrum analyzer.
Table 33: Average Noise Spectrum Analyzer Settings
Setting
Value
2 MHz
45 MHz
100 kHz
30 kHz
5 dB/div
On
Start frequency
Stop frequency
Resolution bandwidth
Video bandwidth
Scale
Internal amplifier
Attenuator
0 dB
Reference level offset
Reference level
Number of averages
-28 dB
-5 dBmV
100
You might need to adjust the reference level for your
particular test environment.
1. Connect the spectrum analyzer to the selected upstream signal at the upstream splitter
or at the CMTS upstream port.
3. Start the measurement.
After completing the measurement, the analyzer display should resemble Figure 23 on
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Noise Measurement Methodology
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Figure 23: Average Upstream Noise Measurement Example
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Peak Upstream Noise Measurement
This section defines a procedure for taking the peak upstream noise measurements required
as part of the RF plant and HFC environment characterization. We recommend that you take
appropriate setup configuration settings for the HP 8591C spectrum analyzer.
Table 34: Peak Noise Spectrum Analyzer Setup
Setting
Value
2 MHz
45 MHz
100 kHz
30 kHz
5 dB/div
Off
Start frequency
Stop frequency
Resolution bandwidth
Video bandwidth
Scale
Internal amplifier
Attenuator
0 dB
Reference level of headend
Max Hold
0 dBmV
1 minute
1. Connect the spectrum analyzer to the selected upstream signal at the upstream splitter
or at the CMTS upstream port.
3. Start the measurement.
After completing the measurement, the analyzer display should resemble Figure 24 on
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Additional Characterization Tables
Figure 24: Peak Upstream Noise Measurement Example
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Additional Characterization Tables
If the installation site supports more than two DOCSIS services, you can record the
data.
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Additional Characterization Tables
•
Table 35: Existing DOCSIS Service Characterization
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Parameter
Value
____ DOCSIS Service
Upstream RF bandwidth allocated
Upstream modulation type
Upstream input level expected at CMTS
____ MHz (max) ____ MHz (min)
____ QPSK ____ 16QAM
____ dBmV
FEC enabled?
If yes, FEC level parameters (T and K)
____ yes ____ no
____T ____ K
Upstream measured C/N
____ dB
Downstream RF bandwidth allocated
Downstream modulation type
____ MHz (max) ____ MHz (min)
____ 64QAM ____256QAM
____ dB
Downstream output signal level (relative to analog video)
Downstream measured C/N
____ dB (DOSCIS carrier)
____ dB (Analog video carrier)
Downstream interleave depth setting
____ DOCSIS Service
___ (# of taps) ____(increments)
Upstream RF bandwidth allocated
Upstream modulation type
____ MHz (max) ____ MHz (min)
____ QPSK ____ 16QAM
____ dBmV
Upstream input level expected at CMTS
FEC enabled?
If yes, FEC level parameters (T and K)
____ yes ____ no
____ T ____ K
Upstream measured C/N
____ dB
Downstream RF bandwidth allocated
Downstream modulation type
____ MHz (max) ____ MHz (min)
____ 64QAM ____256QAM
____ dB
Downstream output signal level (relative to analog video)
Downstream measured C/N
____ dB (DOSCIS carrier)
____ dB (Analog video carrier)
Downstream interleave depth setting
___ (# of taps) ____(increments)
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Additional Characterization Tables
Table 36: Upstream CMTS Parameter Characterization
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Upstream Parameters
DOCSIS Module #___
Port 0
Port 1
Port 2
Port 3
Node combining ratio per
port
____ : 1
____ : 1
____ : 1
____ : 1
Expected interfaces per port
Expected port input level
____ dBmV
____ dBmV
____ dBmV
____ dBmV
Modulation type
(where applicable)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH0)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH1)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH2)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH3)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH4)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH5)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH6)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH7)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH8)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH9)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH10)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH11)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH12)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH13)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH14)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH15)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 0)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 1)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 2)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 3)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 4)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 5)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 6)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 7)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 8)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 9)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 10)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 11)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 12)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 13)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 14)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 15)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH0)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH1)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH2)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH3)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH4)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH5)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH6)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH7)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH8)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH9)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH10)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH11)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH12)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH13)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH14)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH15)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 0)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 1)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 2)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 3)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 4)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 5)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 6)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 7)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 8)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 9)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 10)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 11)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 12)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 13)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 14)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 15)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH0)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH1)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH2)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH3)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH4)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH5)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH6)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH7)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH8)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH9)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH10)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH11)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH12)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH13)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH14)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH15)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 0)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 1)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 2)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 3)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 4)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 5)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 6)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 7)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 8)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 9)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 10)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 11)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 12)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 13)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 14)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 15)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH0)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH1)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH2)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH3)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH4)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH5)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH6)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH7)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH8)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH9)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH10)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH11)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH12)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH13)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH14)
_ QPSK _ 16QAM (CH15)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 0)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 1)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 2)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 3)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 4)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 5)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 6)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 7)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 8)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 9)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 10)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 11)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 12)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 13)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 14)
____ kHz/MHz (CH 15)
Channel width
(where applicable)
Circle the applicable unit.
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Additional Characterization Tables
•
Upstream Parameters
Port 0
Port 1
Port 2
Port 3
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FEC enabled?
If yes, FEC level parameters
_____ yes _____ no
____ T ____ K (CH 0)
____ T ____ K (CH 1)
____ T ____ K (CH 2)
____ T ____ K (CH 3)
____ T ____ K (CH 4)
____ T ____ K (CH 5)
____ T ____ K (CH 6)
____ T ____ K (CH 7)
____ T ____ K (CH 8)
____ T ____ K (CH 9)
____ T ____ K (CH 10)
____ T ____ K (CH 11)
____ T ____ K (CH 12)
____ T ____ K (CH 13)
____ T ____ K (CH 14)
____ T ____ K (CH 15)
_____ yes _____ no
____ T ____ K (CH 0)
____ T ____ K (CH 1)
____ T ____ K (CH 2)
____ T ____ K (CH 3)
____ T ____ K (CH 4)
____ T ____ K (CH 5)
____ T ____ K (CH 6)
____ T ____ K (CH 7)
____ T ____ K (CH 8)
____ T ____ K (CH 9)
____ T ____ K (CH 10)
____ T ____ K (CH 11)
____ T ____ K (CH 12)
____ T ____ K (CH 13)
____ T ____ K (CH 14)
____ T ____ K (CH 15)
_____ yes _____ no
____ T ____ K (CH 0)
____ T ____ K (CH 1)
____ T ____ K (CH 2)
____ T ____ K (CH 3)
____ T ____ K (CH 4)
____ T ____ K (CH 5)
____ T ____ K (CH 6)
____ T ____ K (CH 7)
____ T ____ K (CH 8)
____ T ____ K (CH 9)
____ T ____ K (CH 10)
____ T ____ K (CH 11)
____ T ____ K (CH 12)
____ T ____ K (CH 13)
____ T ____ K (CH 14)
____ T ____ K (CH 15)
_____ yes _____ no
____ T ____ K (CH 0)
____ T ____ K (CH 1)
____ T ____ K (CH 2)
____ T ____ K (CH 3)
____ T ____ K (CH 4)
____ T ____ K (CH 5)
____ T ____ K (CH 6)
____ T ____ K (CH 7)
____ T ____ K (CH 8)
____ T ____ K (CH 9)
____ T ____ K (CH 10)
____ T ____ K (CH 11)
____ T ____ K (CH 12)
____ T ____ K (CH 13)
____ T ____ K (CH 14)
____ T ____ K (CH 15)
Interface frequency
(where applicable)
____ MHz (CH 0)
____ MHz (CH 1)
____ MHz (CH 2)
____ MHz (CH 3)
____ MHz (CH 4)
____ MHz (CH 5)
____ MHz (CH 6)
____ MHz (CH 7)
____ MHz (CH 8)
____ MHz (CH 9)
____ MHz (CH 10)
____ MHz (CH 11)
____ MHz (CH 12)
____ MHz (CH 13)
____ MHz (CH 14)
____ MHz (CH 15)
____ MHz (CH 0)
____ MHz (CH 1)
____ MHz (CH 2)
____ MHz (CH 3)
____ MHz (CH 4)
____ MHz (CH 5)
____ MHz (CH 6)
____ MHz (CH 7)
____ MHz (CH 8)
____ MHz (CH 9)
____ MHz (CH 10)
____ MHz (CH 11)
____ MHz (CH 12)
____ MHz (CH 13)
____ MHz (CH 14)
____ MHz (CH 15)
____ MHz (CH 0)
____ MHz (CH 1)
____ MHz (CH 2)
____ MHz (CH 3)
____ MHz (CH 4)
____ MHz (CH 5)
____ MHz (CH 6)
____ MHz (CH 7)
____ MHz (CH 8)
____ MHz (CH 9)
____ MHz (CH 10)
____ MHz (CH 11)
____ MHz (CH 12)
____ MHz (CH 13)
____ MHz (CH 14)
____ MHz (CH 15)
____ MHz (CH 0)
____ MHz (CH 1)
____ MHz (CH 2)
____ MHz (CH 3)
____ MHz (CH 4)
____ MHz (CH 5)
____ MHz (CH 6)
____ MHz (CH 7)
____ MHz (CH 8)
____ MHz (CH 9)
____ MHz (CH 10)
____ MHz (CH 11)
____ MHz (CH 12)
____ MHz (CH 13)
____ MHz (CH 14)
____ MHz (CH 15)
Required interface input
level
____ dBmV (CH 0)
____ dBmV (CH 1)
____ dBmV (CH 2)
____ dBmV (CH 3)
____ dBmV (CH 4)
____ dBmV (CH 5)
____ dBmV (CH 6)
____ dBmV (CH 7)
____ dBmV (CH 8)
____ dBmV (CH 9)
____ dBmV (CH 10)
____ dBmV (CH 11)
____ dBmV (CH 12)
____ dBmV (CH 13)
____ dBmV (CH 14)
____ dBmV (CH 15)
____ dBmV (CH 0)
____ dBmV (CH 1)
____ dBmV (CH 2)
____ dBmV (CH 3)
____ dBmV (CH 4)
____ dBmV (CH 5)
____ dBmV (CH 6)
____ dBmV (CH 7)
____ dBmV (CH 8)
____ dBmV (CH 9)
____ dBmV (CH 10)
____ dBmV (CH 11)
____ dBmV (CH 12)
____ dBmV (CH 13)
____ dBmV (CH 14)
____ dBmV (CH 15)
____ dBmV (CH 0)
____ dBmV (CH 1)
____ dBmV (CH 2)
____ dBmV (CH 3)
____ dBmV (CH 4)
____ dBmV (CH 5)
____ dBmV (CH 6)
____ dBmV (CH 7)
____ dBmV (CH 8)
____ dBmV (CH 9)
____ dBmV (CH 10)
____ dBmV (CH 11)
____ dBmV (CH 12)
____ dBmV (CH 13)
____ dBmV (CH 14)
____ dBmV (CH 15)
____ dBmV (CH 0)
____ dBmV (CH 1)
____ dBmV (CH 2)
____ dBmV (CH 3)
____ dBmV (CH 4)
____ dBmV (CH 5)
____ dBmV (CH 6)
____ dBmV (CH 7)
____ dBmV (CH 8)
____ dBmV (CH 9)
____ dBmV (CH 10)
____ dBmV (CH 11)
____ dBmV (CH 12)
____ dBmV (CH 13)
____ dBmV (CH 14)
____ dBmV (CH 15)
(where applicable)
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Verification of Shipping Cartons
Table 37: Downstream CMTS Parameter Characterization
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Downstream Parameters
DOCSIS Module #___
Port 0
Port 1
Port 2
Port 3
Node combining ratio per port
Interface frequency allocated
Modulation type
____ : 1
____ : 1
____ : 1
____ : 1
____ MHz
____ MHz
____ MHz
____ MHz
_ 64QAM _256QAM
____ dB
_ 64QAM _256QAM
____ dB
_ 64QAM _256QAM
____ dB
_ 64QAM _256QAM
____ dB
Output signal level (relative to analog
video)
Required interface output level
Interleave depth setting
____ dBmV
____ dBmV
____ dBmV
____ dBmV
___ [I] (# of taps)
___ [J] (increments)
___ [I] (# of taps)
___ [J] (increments)
___ [I] (# of taps)
___ [J] (increments)
___ [I] (# of taps)
___ [J] (increments)
Verification of Shipping Cartons
Prior to beginning the installation of the G10 CMTS, you should verify that the contents of the
shipping cartons are identical to the contents listed on the packing lists. In addition, you
should carefully inspect the shipped contents to ensure that they are not damaged in any
manner. If any contents are missing or damaged, report this to customer support.
To verify the contents of the shipping cartons match the packing list, use the following
procedure:
1. Carefully open the shipping cartons. Pay attention to any instructions printed on each
shipping carton.
2. Remove all the contents of the shipping cartons. When lifting heavy contents, be sure to
follow the safety precautions listed in “Safety Precautions” on page 68.
3. Verify that the contents of the shipping cartons are identical to the contents listed on the
packing lists.
4. Verify that the correct number of power supplies are installed in the G10 CMTS chassis.
5. Open all accessory kits that are included in the shipment. Verify that the contents are
identical to the contents listed on the accessory kit packing lists.
6. Install the power supply faceplate included in the shipment by aligning its four ball studs
with the four power supply faceplate clips and pressing the faceplate towards the chassis
until it snaps into place. If you will install additional power supplies, this step can be
deferred.
You must install the power supply faceplate prior to
powering on the G10 CMTS to ensure that proper air
ventilation occurs throughout the chassis.
7. Install the air intake faceplate included in the shipment by aligning its four ball studs
with the four air intake faceplate clips and pressing the faceplate towards the chassis
until it snaps into place.
Prepare the Site
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G10 CMTS Installation Checklist
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G10 CMTS Installation Checklist
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install the G10 CMTS in the headend. We recommend that copies of this table be made and
used to keep track of the installation status of each G10 CMTS.
Table 38: G10 CMTS Installation Checklist
Step
Page Number
Completion Status
Preparation for Installation
Complete all checklists in “Prepare the Site”
Completely review the G10 CMTS Hardware Guide, including the safety precautions
Verify the contents of the shipping cartons
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Verify the number of pre-installed modules and power supplies in the chassis is correct
Verify the contents of all accessory kits
Install the power supply faceplate and the air intake faceplate
Ground and Rack Mount the Chassis
Crimp the supplied two-ring lug connector to the earth ground strap
Attach the earth ground strap to the chassis
Ensure proper ventilation clearance surrounding the G10 CMTS
Install an equipment shelf in the rack
If applicable, install the rack mounting brackets
Slide the chassis onto the shelf and mount it to the rack
Attach the earth ground strap to earth ground
Remove the power supply faceplate
Determine the bay in which to install the power supply
Remove the power supply filler panel
Release the ejector, align to the card guides, insert the power supply, and close the
ejector
Tighten the self-contained screws
Replace the power supply faceplate
Install a DOCSIS Module and an HFC Connector Module or SIM
Remove the air management module where the DOCSIS Module will be inserted
Release the ejectors, align to the card guides, insert the DOCSIS Module, and close the
ejectors
Tighten the self-contained screws
Remove the air management panel where the HFC Connector Module or SIM will be
inserted
Release the ejectors, align to the card guides, insert the HFC Connector Module or SIM,
and close the ejectors
Tighten the self-contained screws
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G10 CMTS Installation Checklist
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Completion Status
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Install a Chassis Control Module and a Hard Disk Module
Release the ejectors, align to the card guides, insert the Chassis Control Module, and
close the ejectors
Tighten the self-contained screws
Remove the air management panel where the Hard Disk Module will be inserted
Release the ejectors, align to the card guides, insert the Hard Disk Module, and close the
ejectors
Tighten the self-contained screws
Install a NIC Module and a NIC Access Module
Remove the air management module where the NIC Module will be inserted
Release the ejectors, align to the card guides, insert the NIC Module, and close the
ejectors
Tighten the self-contained screws
Remove the air management panel where the NIC Access Module will be inserted
Release the ejectors, align to the card guides, insert the NIC Access Module, and close
the ejectors
Tighten the self-contained screws
Determine how the cable plant nodes will be connected to the downstream and
upstream ports of the module
Connect each of the four downstream ports to its respective node
Connect each of the four upstream ports to its respective node
Dress all cables appropriately
Thread the Ethernet cable through the cable channel from the rear of the chassis
Connect the RJ-45 connector of the Ethernet cable to the Eth0 port on the Chassis
Control Module
Connect the other end of the Ethernet cable to its respective network equipment in the
headend
Cable a NIC Module and a NIC Access Module (if applicable)
Thread the network cables through the cable channel from the rear of the chassis
Connect each of the two Gigabit Ethernet network cables to the ports on the NIC
Module
Connect the other ends of the network cables to their respective network equipment in
the headend
Connect the RJ-21 end of the NIC Access Module cable into the NIC Access Module and
tighten the cable retainer screws
Connect eight RJ-45 connectors of the NIC Access Module cable to a maximum of four
HFC Connector Module
Dress all cables appropriately
Connect the serial cable to the COM port on the Chassis Control Module
Connect the other end of the serial cable to the serial port on the PC
Prepare the Site
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G10 CMTS Installation Checklist
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Step
Page Number
Completion Status
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Ensure that each power distribution rocker switch is OFF (AC only)
Plug each power cord into the power receptacles (AC) or terminal blocks (DC)
Close the retainer clips around the power cords (AC) or secure the DC ring lugs to the
terminal blocks (DC)
Plug the other ends of the power cords to their respective, independent power sources
Ensure that the power sources are on
Turn on the power switches on the power transition modules (AC only)
Check all power supply LEDs (power supply faceplate must be removed, then replaced)
Check front and rear fan tray LEDs
Check all DOCSIS Module LEDs
Check all Chassis Control Module LEDs
Check all NIC Module LEDs
Power on the PC, launch the asynchronous terminal emulation application, and
establish a direct serial connection with the Chassis Control Module
Check for correct boot banner and system prompt on PC
Log into the G10 CMTS
Configure the name of the CMTS
Configure the CMTS’s domain name
Configure the IP address of the Fast Ethernet management port
Configure the IP address of a backup router
Configure the IP address of a DNS server
Set the root authentication password
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Chapter 5
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Install the CMTS
This chapter describes the complete installation procedure for the G10 CMTS. It is assumed
that you have followed all safety precautions and procedures described in “Prepare the Site”
that the entire installation process in this chapter be read prior to performing the actual
G10 CMTS installation.
Before installing a power supply or any module into the
G10 CMTS, attach one end of an ESD ground strap to your
wrist and attach the other end to the ESD strap jack on the
front of the chassis (see Figure 5 on page 12).
This chapter discusses the following topics:
Install the CMTS
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Ground the Chassis
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Ground the Chassis
Prior to rack mounting the G10 CMTS, you should install an earth ground strap on the chassis,
particularly if the sides of the chassis will be inaccessible after it is rack mounted. Figure 6 on
page 13 shows the location of the chassis ground nuts on the chassis. The G10 CMTS
accessory kit contains a two-ring lug connector that you must crimp to the ground strap.
Using two of the supplied #12 screws and washers (a washer is installed between each bolt
and the lug connector), attach the ground strap to the chassis using 35 in-lb of torque on each
screw. The other end of the ground strap will be attached to earth ground after the chassis is
rack mounted.
Never power on the G10 CMTS without first grounding the
chassis.
Rack Mounting
This section describes the process for rack mounting the G10 CMTS into an EIA standard
19-inch rack. The mounting brackets are compatible with either of the following racks:
! Standard 1-3/4” EIA wide
1-1/4”, 1/2”, 1-1/4”
12-24 tapped
! Standard 2” EIA wide
1”, 1”
12-24 tapped
The G10 CMTS is shipped from the factory with mounting brackets attached to the front of
the chassis for front-rack mounting. If the chassis is to be mid-rack mounted, you must
remove and reinstall the mounting brackets to the center of the chassis.
The following procedure assumes that all the contents of the shipping cartons, including the
G10 CMTS chassis, have been removed.
You must rack mount the G10 CMTS chassis prior to the
installation of any additional power supplies or modules.
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Rack Mounting
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In general, when more than one piece of equipment is
mounted into a rack, you should install the heaviest piece
of equipment at the bottom of the rack. Each successive
piece you install should be lighter than the piece
immediately below it. For planning purposes, a
minimally-populated G10 CMTS weighs approximately
80 lb (36 kg), and a fully-populated G10 CMTS weighs
approximately 140 lb (64 kg).
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To rack mount the chassis, follow this procedure:
1. Prior to rack mounting, ensure that proper clearance is maintained between the
G10 CMTS chassis and its surroundings to allow adequate air ventilation to flow into the
air intakes and out of the air exhaust:
! A minimum of 3 feet (0.91 m) between the front of the chassis and any other
object.
! A minimum of 2 feet (0.61 m) between the rear of the chassis and any other object.
! A minimum of 3 inches between each side of the chassis and any other object.
Figure 25 on page 96 illustrates the air flow through the chassis.
If there is no other equipment installed in the rack, you should install the G10 CMTS as
low as possible into the rack.
You must install the power supply faceplate prior to
powering on the G10 CMTS to ensure that proper air flow
occurs throughout the chassis.
The G10 CMTS does not require any clearance between the
bottom of the chassis and the floor. Similarly, there are no
clearance requirements between the top of the chassis and
the bottom of another G10 CMTS stacked above it on the
2. We recommend that you install an equipment shelf into the rack that can support the
maximum weight (140 lb, or 64 kg) and dimensions of the chassis. The chassis
mid-rack mounted, proceed to step 4.
4. Remove the seven screws fastening the mounting brackets to the front of the chassis,
align the brackets with the corresponding hole patterns in the center of the chassis, and
insert the seven screws into the chassis. Apply 20 in-lb of torque to each of the seven
screws.
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Rack Mounting
Figure 26: Bottom of Chassis
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17.3 in (439.4 mm)
Front
5. When lifting the chassis, we recommend that you follow the safety precautions listed in
left, one on the right, and one in the front of the chassis), slowly lift and slide the
in which to manually lift the chassis such that the risk of injury is minimized.
Do not use the handles on the rear fan tray to assist with
lifting the G10 CMTS. These handles are solely for the
purpose of removing the rear fan tray.
6. Continue sliding the chassis all the way into the rack until the flanges of the mounting
brackets are flush with the mounting rails of the rack and the mounting holes in the
mounting brackets are aligned with the corresponding holes in the mounting rails.
7. Using the #12 screws supplied in the accessory kit (up to six for each mounting bracket),
fasten the chassis to the rack by applying 30 in-lb of torque to each of the screws (see
Figure 28 on page 99). Do not completely tighten any screw to its torque specification
until all 12 screws are inserted.
populated rack with three G10 CMTS chassis.
Now you can install additional power supplies and modules.
Install the CMTS
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Install Power Supplies
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Install Power Supplies
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If you order an AC version of the CMTS without power redundancy, the CMTS ships with five
AC power supplies installed in domain A. If you order the CMTS with power redundancy, the
CMTS ships with 10 AC power supplies installed. DC versions of the CMTS are always shipped
with 10 DC power supplies installed.
To install an additional power supply, follow this procedure:
1. Remove the power supply faceplate by pulling the flanges on each side of the faceplate
away from the chassis until the faceplate ball studs are removed from the power supply
faceplate clips.
2. Remove the power supply filler panel covering the selected bay by loosening the two
self-contained screws.
3. If the power supply’s ejector is locked in the vertical position, press down on the ejector
release while simultaneously pulling the ejector away from the power supply. The ejector
should rest at approximately 45° from the faceplate.
The power supplies and the chassis are mechanically
keyed to ensure that the same type of supplies and chassis
(AC or DC) are used together. Do not attempt to remove or
reconfigure the keys.
4. Each power supply bay has an upper and lower card guide. Align the printed circuit
board of the power supply with the bay card guides and slowly slide the power supply
(the tabs closest to midplane) of the ejector should be resting over the power supply
ejector rail.
5. Firmly lift the ejector to the vertical position until the ejector release clicks into position
supply ejector rail. The power supply should be flush with any other installed power
supplies.
6. Tighten the upper and lower retainer screws by applying 3 in-lb of torque to each screw.
7. Replace the power supply faceplate by aligning its four ball studs with the four power
supply faceplate clips and pressing the faceplate towards the chassis until it snaps into
place.
You must replace the power supply faceplate and power
supply filler panels prior to powering on the G10 CMTS to
ensure that proper air ventilation occurs throughout the
chassis, and to reduce EMI emissions.
Install the CMTS
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Install a DOCSIS Module
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Install a DOCSIS Module
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The G10 CMTS chassis accommodates a total of eight DOCSIS Modules. The chassis is not
shipped from the factory with any DOCSIS Modules installed into any card cage slots. All
DOCSIS Modules that you order are packaged separately and must be installed at the
headend after the G10 CMTS has been rack mounted. The card cage is shipped from the
factory with seven air management modules installed in front slots that do not contain
DOCSIS Modules, and seven air management panels into rear slots that do not contain HFC
Connector Modules or SIMs. These air management modules and panels act as baffles that
prevent air from flowing upward through empty space or out of the chassis, and redirect the
air flow through slots that contain active modules. A single card cage slot (front and back) is
intentionally left empty when shipped from the factory because at least one DOCSIS Modules
and one HFC Connector Module or SIM must be installed in the system.
DOCSIS Modules are installed in the front of the G10 CMTS chassis in card cage slots 1
through 4 (for domain A) and slots 10 through 13 (for domain B). HFC Connector Modules
and SIMs are installed in the rear of the G10 CMTS chassis in card cage slots 1 through 4 (for
illustration of the chassis domains.
To assist with the installation, the top of the air intake faceplate, the bottom of the power
supply faceplate, and the top of the rear fan tray are labeled with the slot numbers.
To install a DOCSIS Module, follow this procedure:
1. If applicable, remove the air management module from the slot. Loosen the two retainer
screws, then press upward and downward on the ejector releases (action #1 in Figure 31
on page 104). Simultaneously pull the ejectors away from the module faceplate (action
2. Remove the module from its anti-static bag, being careful to avoid directly touching any
component on the module. We recommend that you handle the module by by its card
edges or ejectors.
If any G10 CMTS module has been removed from its
anti-static bag and must be temporarily put aside prior to
its installation, you should replace the module into the
anti-static bag or on top of an anti-static mat that is
properly grounded.
3. If the upper or lower ejector of the module is locked in the vertical position, press
upward or downward on the ejector release while simultaneously pulling the ejector
away from the module faceplate. Each ejector should rest at approximately 45° away
from its locked position.
4. Each card cage slot in the front of the chassis has an upper and lower card guide. Align
the printed circuit board of the module with the card guides and slowly slide the module
(tabs closest to midplane) of the upper and lower ejectors should be resting directly
under and over the module ejector rail.
5. Simultaneously push the ejectors toward the module faceplate until they are vertical and
each ejector clicks into position. The module faceplate should be flush with the faceplate
of any other adjacent module.
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Install a DOCSIS Module
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6. Tighten the two retainer screws by applying 3 in-lb of torque to each screw.
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Figure 31: Air Management Module Removal
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Install an HFC Connector Module or SIM
Figure 32: DOCSIS Module Installation
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2
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Install an HFC Connector Module or SIM
To install an HFC Connector Module or SIM, follow this procedure:
1. If applicable, remove the air management panel from the slot by loosening the two
self-contained screws at the top and bottom of each panel.
2. Remove the module from its anti-static bag, being careful to avoid directly touching any
component on the module. We recommend that you handle the module by by its card
edges or ejectors.
Unlike a DOCSIS Module, the ejectors on a rear module
lock in the horizontal position (90° from the faceplate)
when the module is properly installed into its card slot.
Install the CMTS
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Install an HFC Connector Module or SIM
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3. If the upper or lower ejector of the module is locked in the horizontal position, press
upward or downward on the ejector release while simultaneously pulling the ejector
away from the module faceplate. Each ejector should rest at approximately 45° away
from its locked position.
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4. Each card cage slot in the rear of the chassis has an upper and lower card guide. Align
the printed circuit board of the module with the card guides and slowly slide the module
(tabs closest to midplane) of the upper and lower ejectors should be resting directly
under and over the module ejector rail.
5. Simultaneously push the ejectors toward the module faceplate until they are horizontal
and each ejector clicks into position. The module faceplate should be flush with the
faceplate of any other adjacent module.
When you install a rear chassis module, apply more
pressure to the upper ejector than to the lower ejector. This
ensures the module connectors on the top of the card edge
are properly aligned with the midplane connectors. The
bottom edge has no connectors, so you do not need to
press the rear ejector as firmly.
6. Tighten the two retainer screws by applying 3 in-lb of torque to each screw.
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Install an HFC Connector Module or SIM
Figure 33: HFC Connector Module Installation
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Install a Chassis Control Module
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Install a Chassis Control Module
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The G10 CMTS chassis accommodates a maximum of two Chassis Control Modules in slots 6
and 7. To install a Chassis Control Module, follow the same procedure described in “Install a
Install a Hard Disk Module
You must install a Hard Disk Module opposite each installed Chassis Control Module. To
install a Hard Disk Module, follow the same procedure described in “Install an HFC Connector
Install a NIC Module
The G10 CMTS chassis accommodates a maximum of two NIC Modules in slots 5 and 9 for
domain A and domain B. NIC Modules are shipped from the factory with two multimode
GBIC modules installed. If you are using a different GBIC module interface, you need to
replace the multimode GBIC modules that are shipped with the NIC Module. We recommend
that you remove and install the GBIC modules while the NIC Module is installed in the
chassis.
To install a NIC Module, follow this procedure:
Otherwise, you have completed the installation of the NIC Module.
2. Remove each multimode GBIC module by squeezing the metal clasps at the top and
bottom of the GBIC module towards the module and firmly pull out the module until it is
removed from its slot.
3. With the label side of the GBIC module facing the right, slide each replacement module
into its NIC Module slot until the metal clasps at the top and bottom of the GBIC module
click into place.
The GBIC module can be installed only one way. If you
orient the module in its slot incorrectly, it will stop about
halfway into the slot. If this occurs, remove the GBIC
module, rotate it 180°, and reinstall it.
Install a NIC Access Module
You must install a NIC Access Module opposite each installed NIC Module. To install a NIC
Access Module, follow the same procedure described in “Install an HFC Connector Module or
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Cable an HFC Connector Module or SIM
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Cable an HFC Connector Module or SIM
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This section describes how to connect the four downstream and four upstream F-connector
ports of an HFC Connector Module or SIM. This section also describes how to connect the
two Fast Ethernet ports on an HFC Connector Module or SIM.
The following ports on the SIM are not used:
! Fast Ethernet ports Eth0-B and Eth1-B
! Upstream F-connectors US4 through US7
! Ports DSR-IN and DSR-OUT
Cable the F-connector Ports
Prior to inserting a coaxial cable into any of the module
F-connectors, ensure that the cable meets the
requirements provided in “Coaxial Cable Requirements”
Each DOCSIS Module, and its corresponding rear HFC Connector Module or SIM, support a
total of four downstream interfaces, where one interface is assigned to each physical
downstream port. Each DOCSIS Module supports a total of 8 or 16 upstream interfaces
(depending on the DOCSIS Module model), which can be allocated to any of the four physical
interfaces allocated on each port is five, three, seven, and one. You should consider the
assignment of a node to a port and the allocation of upstream interfaces to upstream ports
prior to connecting the coaxial cables from the cable plant to the HFC Connector Module or
SIM.
Figure 34: Example of Allocation of Multiple Interfaces Per Port
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Cable an HFC Connector Module or SIM
•
One possible deployment scenario for the upstream is to attach one node per upstream port
and to turn on one upstream interface per node. If one of the nodes reaches capacity due to
high penetration or heavy usage of bandwidth-intensive services, you can provision another
interface on that port.
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Figure 20 on page 54 for port labeling):
1. Select the first node in the cable plant for assignment to the first of four downstream
ports.
2. Connect the coaxial cable associated with the first node to the F-connector labeled DS0
on the HFC Connector Module or the SIM.
3. If applicable, select the second, third, and fourth nodes in the cable plant for assignment
to the remaining three downstream ports.
4. If applicable, connect the coaxial cables associated with the second, third, and fourth
nodes to the F-connectors labeled DS1, DS2, and DS3 on the HFC Connector Module or
the SIM.
When you tighten a coaxial cable onto an F-connector, use
a 7/16 inch torque wrench to apply torque according to
SCTE standards.
To cable the upstream ports, follow this procedure:
1. Select the first node in the cable plant for assignment to the first of four upstream ports.
2. Connect the coaxial cable associated with the first node to the F-connector labeled US0
on the HFC Connector Module or the SIM.
3. If applicable, select the second, third, and fourth nodes in the cable plant for assignment
to the remaining three upstream ports.
4. If applicable, connect the coaxial cables associated with the second, third, and fourth
nodes to the F-connectors labeled US1, US2, and US3 on the HFC Connector Module or
the SIM.
5. We recommend that you use cable organizers to dress and route all coaxial cables to
A node can represent a single node or multiple nodes that
are combined.
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Cable an HFC Connector Module or SIM
•
When connecting nodes to the upstream ports of an HFC
Connector Module or SIM, do not split a coaxial cable from
one node and attach it to more than one upstream port.
Doing so prevents you from using the complete features of
a DOCSIS Module that are designed for supporting four
separate nodes or four groups of nodes that are combined.
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If you are not using internal chassis Fast Ethernet wiring (using a version 2 chassis and SIMs),
Ethernet ports of an HFC Connector Module or SIM to the NIC Access Module.
Both Fast Ethernet ports on the HFC Connector Module
and the SIM must be connected to the network.
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Cable an HFC Connector Module or SIM
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Figure 35: Rear Coaxial Cable Connections
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Cable a Chassis Control Module
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Cable a Chassis Control Module
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The Chassis Control Module contains a Fast Ethernet RJ-45 port labeled Eth0 on its front
CMTS.
To connect to the Chassis Control Module management port, follow this procedure:
1. Carefully thread the Ethernet cable into the cable channel from the rear of the chassis
faceplate.
2. Plug the RJ-45 connector of the Ethernet cable into the RJ-45 port of the Chassis Control
Module labeled Eth0.
3. Attach the other end of the Ethernet cable to its network equipment in the headend.
Cable a NIC Module
The NIC Module contains two full-duplex, Gigabit Ethernet GBIC transceiver ports on its front
interfaces provided.
To connect the network cables to the Gigabit Ethernet ports, follow this procedure (see
Figure 16 on page 43 for port labeling):
1. Carefully thread each of the two cables into the cable channel from the rear of the
supply faceplate.
2. Connect the transmit/receive pair of each of these cables to the GBIC ports labeled 0
and 1 on the NIC Module.
3. Attach the other end of each cable to its network equipment in the headend.
If using optical cables, avoid bending the cables too
sharply when threading them through the cable channel.
into a NIC Module.
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Cable a NIC Access Module
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Cable a NIC Access Module
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This section describes how to interconnect up to two NIC Access Modules to multiple HFC
Connector Modules or SIMs. The procedure assumes that a NIC Module supports only the
DOCSIS Modules installed in the same domain of the chassis. Therefore, if five or more
DOCSIS Modules are installed in the system, two NIC Modules are needed to support them.
In addition, the procedure assumes that DOCSIS Modules are installed in the following slot
order: 1, 2, 3, 4, 10, 11, 12, 13.
The NIC Access Module cables are used to interconnect the Fast Ethernet ports of the HFC
Connector Modules or SIMs to the NIC Access Module.
If you are using internal chassis Fast Ethernet wiring (using
a version 2 chassis and SIMs), do not attach any cables to
the NIC Access Module.
You can use four of the RJ-45 connectors on the NIC Access Module cable plugged into
for more information.
We recommend you follow this procedure to allow for
future wiring considerations.
1. If applicable, remove the protective cover that is inserted into the RJ-21 end of the NIC
Access Module cable.
2. Firmly insert the RJ-21 end of the cable into the connector labeled 1 on the NIC Access
3. Tighten the two cable retainer screws by applying 4 in-lb of torque to each of the screws.
4. Locate the PORT 5 and PORT 6 connectors of the NIC Access Module cable and plug
them into the Eth0 and Eth1 ports of the HFC Connector Module or SIM in slot 1 (see
5. Locate the PORT 7 and PORT 8 connectors of the NIC Access Module cable and plug
them into the Eth0 and Eth1 ports of the HFC Connector Module or SIM in slot 2. If an
6. Locate the PORT 9 and PORT 10 connectors of the NIC Access Module cable and plug
them into the Eth0 and Eth1 ports of the HFC Connector Module or SIM in slot 3. If an
7. Locate the PORT 11 and PORT 12 connectors of the NIC Access Module cable and plug
them into the Eth0 and Eth1 ports of the HFC Connector Module or SIM in slot 4. If an
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Cable a NIC Access Module
•
8. If you have reached this step in the procedure, at least five HFC Connector Modules or
SIMs are installed in the G10 CMTS, and a second NIC Access Module and its
corresponding cable are required to complete the interconnection procedure. If
applicable, remove the protective cover that is inserted into the RJ-21 end of the NIC
Access Module cable.
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9. Firmly insert the RJ-21 end of the second NIC Access Module cable into the connector
10. Tighten the two cable retainer screws by applying 4 in-lb of torque to each of the screws.
11. Locate the PORT 5 and PORT 6 connectors of the NIC Access Module cable and plug
them into the Eth0 and Eth1 ports of the HFC Connector Module or SIM in slot 10. If an
12. Locate the PORT 7 and PORT 8 connectors of the NIC Access Module cable and plug
them into the Eth0 and Eth1 ports of the HFC Connector Module or SIM in slot 11. If an
13. Locate the PORT 9 and PORT 10 connectors of the NIC Access Module cable and plug
them into the Eth0 and Eth1 ports of the HFC Connector Module or SIM in slot 12. If an
14. Locate the PORT 11 and PORT 12 connectors of the NIC Access Module cable and plug
them into the Eth0 and Eth1 ports of the HFC Connector Module or SIM in slot 13.
15. Ensure that all the Fast Ethernet ports of the HFC Connector Modules or SIMs are
these connections (without the coaxial cables shown).
16. Dress and route all used and unused Ethernet cable wires on all NIC Access Module
cables to avoid obstructing the rear connections of the CMTS.
The Module – Slot / Port headings specify the HFC Connector Module name, the slot in
which the module is installed, and the Fast Ethernet port label of the module.
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Cable a NIC Access Module
Figure 37: NIC Access Module Cable Connections
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DS 0
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Cable a NIC Access Module
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Table 39: NIC Access Module Wiring Plan
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NIC Access Module in Slot 5
NIC Access Module in Slot 9
Rear Module – Slot / Port
NAM Cable / Port
Cable 1 / PORT 1
Cable 1 / PORT 2
Cable 1 / PORT 3
Cable 1 / PORT 4
Cable 1 / PORT 5
Cable 1 / PORT 6
Cable 1 / PORT 7
Cable 1 / PORT 8
Cable 1 / PORT 9
Cable 1 / PORT 10
Cable 1 / PORT 11
Cable 1 / PORT 12
Cable 2 / PORT 1
Cable 2 / PORT 2
Cable 2 / PORT 3
Cable 2 / PORT 4
Cable 2 / PORT 5
Cable 2 / PORT 6
Cable 2 / PORT 7
Cable 2 / PORT 8
Cable 2 / PORT 9
Cable 2 / PORT 10
Cable 2 / PORT 11
Cable 2 / PORT 12
Rear Module – Slot / Port NAM Cable / Port
Reserved
Cable 1 / PORT 1
Cable 1 / PORT 2
Cable 1 / PORT 3
Cable 1 / PORT 4
Cable 1 / PORT 5
Cable 1 / PORT 6
Cable 1 / PORT 7
Cable 1 / PORT 8
Cable 1 / PORT 9
Cable 1 / PORT 10
Cable 1 / PORT 11
Cable 1 / PORT 12
Cable 2 / PORT 1
Cable 2 / PORT 2
Cable 2 / PORT 3
Cable 2 / PORT 4
Cable 2 / PORT 5
Cable 2 / PORT 6
Cable 2 / PORT 7
Cable 2 / PORT 8
Cable 2 / PORT 9
Cable 2 / PORT 10
Cable 2 / PORT 11
Cable 2 / PORT 12
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
HFC or SIM – 1 / Eth0
HFC or SIM – 1 / Eth1
HFC or SIM – 2 / Eth0
HFC or SIM – 2 / Eth1
HFC or SIM – 3 / Eth0
HFC or SIM – 3 / Eth1
HFC or SIM – 4 / Eth0
HFC or SIM – 4 / Eth1
Reserved
HFC or SIM – 10 / Eth0
HFC or SIM – 10 / Eth1
HFC or SIM – 11 / Eth0
HFC or SIM – 11 / Eth1
HFC or SIM – 12 / Eth0
HFC or SIM – 12 / Eth1
HFC or SIM – 13 / Eth0
HFC or SIM – 13 / Eth1
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Fast Ethernet or Unused
Fast Ethernet or Unused
Fast Ethernet or Unused
Fast Ethernet or Unused
Fast Ethernet or Unused
Fast Ethernet or Unused
Fast Ethernet or Unused
Fast Ethernet or Unused
You can use PORT 9 through PORT 12 on cable 2 as Fast
Ethernet interfaces; otherwise, these connectors are
unused. These ports correspond to Fast Ethernet interfaces
fx-0/slot/0 through fx-0/slot/3, where the slot can be 5 or
9.
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118
Attach a PC to the Chassis Control Module
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Attach a PC to the Chassis Control Module
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You must directly connect a personal computer (PC) to the Chassis Control Module to
perform the initial configuration of the G10 CMTS. Using the DB-9–to–DB-9 null modem
serial cable supplied in the accessory kit, connect one end of the cable to the RS-232 DB-9
connect the other end to the serial port on your PC.
You might need an adapter to connect the DB-9 connector
of the cable to the serial port of your PC (for example, a
DB-9–to–DB-25 adapter).
Connect to Power Sources
Ensure that you have read and taken the safety precautions
connecting an AC or DC power source to the CMTS.
AC Power
Each AC power transition module in the G10 CMTS chassis contains a standard IEC 15 A
three-prong male AC power receptacle for connecting to an AC power source (see Figure 6 on
page 13). Facing the rear of the chassis, the AC power transition modules on the right and left
sides of the chassis independently support the power supplies in domain A and domain B.
You must supply power from different circuits to domain A
and domain B for power redundancy protection.
To connect the AC power transition modules to their power sources, follow this procedure
1. Ensure that the rocker switch on each AC power transition module is in the OFF (O)
position.
2. Swing the power cord retainer clips to their upright position and plug the female end of
each 15 A power cord supplied with your shipment into the AC power receptacle on each
AC power transition module.
3. Close the retainer clips so that they clasp around the power cords.
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Connect to Power Sources
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4. Plug the male end of each 15 A power cord into independent power sources. Always use
AC power sources that support the ground prong of the power cord.
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The G10 CMTS power supplies are autosensing which
enables them for usage with 115 VAC or 230 VAC.
Figure 38: AC Power Cord and Retainer Clip
Power Cord
Retainer Clip
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Connect to Power Sources
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DC Power
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Each DC power transition module in the G10 CMTS chassis contains a terminal block for
the DC power transition modules do not operate independently. Each DC power transition
module supports the power supplies in both domains of the chassis.
You must supply power from different circuits to domain A
and domain B for power redundancy protection.
To connect the DC power transition modules to their power sources, follow this procedure:
1. The G10 CMTS is shipped with ring lugs that are used to connect the DC power cord to
the DC power transition module terminal block. You must crimp these ring lugs to the
negative (–) and positive (+) wires of the DC power cord in order to properly connect to
the DC power transition module.
We recommend you use 10–12 AWG wires for your power
feeds unless your local safety code states otherwise.
2. Remove the plastic guard over the DC terminal block by loosening the two fastening
screws until the guard can be removed by sliding it upward and over the two screws (see
Figure 39 on page 122; the guard in this illustration is transparent so that you can see
the terminal block). The guard will be reinstalled in step 7.
3. Remove the screw from the negative (–) terminal on the terminal block of the DC power
transition module. Insert the screw through the ring lug of the power cord that will be
attached to the negative (–) terminal of the DC power source and tighten the screw into
the negative (–) terminal on the terminal block. Apply 20 in-lb of torque to the screw.
4. Remove the screw from the positive (+) terminal on the terminal block of the DC power
transition module. Insert the screw through the ring lug of the power cord that will be
attached to the positive (+) terminal of the DC power source and tighten the screw into
the positive (+) terminal on the terminal block. Apply 20 in-lb of torque to the screw.
5. Connect the other end of the power cord connected to the negative (–) terminal on the
terminal block of the DC power transition module to the negative (–) terminal of the DC
power source in accordance with the manufacturer’s specifications.
6. Connect the other end of the power cord connected to the positive (+) terminal on the
terminal block of the DC power transition module to the positive (+) terminal of the DC
power source in accordance with the manufacturer’s specifications.
7. Replace the plastic guard over the two fastening screws and slide the guard down.
Tighten the screws using a torque of 2.5 in-lb.
Install the CMTS
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CChonanepctttheerPow6er and Perform Initial Configuration
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It is assumed that you have followed the installation procedures described in “Install the
This chapter discusses the following topics:
Power On the G10 CMTS
Ensure that you have read and taken the safety precautions
G10 CMTS.
The following procedure defines the power-on procedure and the expected state of the LEDs
on the power supplies, fan trays, and module panels after the CMTS is powered on.
1. Ensure that the power sources connected to the power transition modules are switched
on.
2. If the CMTS is AC powered, press the rocker switch on each AC power transition module
power switches be turned on in any particular order. If the G10 CMTS is DC powered, the
system will be powered up when the DC power transition modules have been connected
to the DC power sources.
3. Remove the power supply faceplate by pulling the flanges on each side of the faceplate
away from the chassis until the faceplate ball studs are removed from the power supply
faceplate clips. Ensure that all power supplies are operating normally by checking that
the Power LED is illuminated green and the Fault LED is not illuminated. If this is not the
take.
Connect the Power and Perform Initial Configuration
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Power On the G10 CMTS
•
Table 40: Power Supply LEDs
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POWER
Green
FAULT
Potential Meaning
Normal operation
Over-temperature
Action
Not illuminated
Red
None
Green
! Ensure all empty module slots and power supply
bays contain air management modules, panels,
and filler panels.
! Ensure air intakes and exhaust are not blocked.
Green
Red
Over-current or over power limit condition
Voltage input failure
Ensure that the correct number of power supplies are
installed to support the CMTS configuration.
Not illuminated
Not illuminated
Red
Ensure that the external power sources are operating
within specification.
Not illuminated
! Power supply not installed correctly.
! Power down the G10 CMTS and reinstall the
power supply as described on “Install Power
Supplies” on page 101. If power supply
redundancy is implemented, you can replace a
power supply without powering down the
system.
! No input power and no DC output from
other power supplies to illuminate FAULT
LED.
! Ensure that the external power sources are
switched on.
If the POWER LED is not illuminated, the FAULT LED can be
illuminated red only if the DC output voltage is present
from other power supplies.
4. Replace the power supply faceplate by aligning its four ball studs with the four power
supply faceplate clips and pressing the faceplate towards the chassis until it snaps into
place.
illuminated red, one or more fans in that tray has failed and you must replace the entire
To minimize the risk of damage to the G10 CMTS, you
should replace a failed fan tray as soon as possible to
ensure that proper air ventilation occurs throughout the
chassis.
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Power On the G10 CMTS
6. Immediately after the G10 CMTS is powered on, check that the Test LED on every
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indicates that the module’s self-test is running. Continue to monitor each module’s Test
LED until it stops blinking. If the Test LED is illuminated green, this indicates the
successful completion of that module’s self-test. If any module’s Test LED is illuminated
red, this indicates the self-test was not successful and you might have to replace the
status of all the LEDs on the module’s front panel following the successful completion of
the self-test.
Table 41: DOCSIS Module LED Status
LED
CPCI
Test
1
Status
Meaning
Green Blinking
Green
cPCI bus activity.
Self-test successful.
Green
Operating system initialization completed successfully on
CPU0.
2
Green
Operating system initialization completed successfully on
CPU3.
3
4
Green
Green
Obtained boot instructions from Chassis Control Module.
Operating system initialization completed successfully on
CPU2.
5
6
Green
Green
IP connectivity with Chassis Control Module established.
Operating system initialization completed successfully on
CPU1.
Eth0
Off
Off
Off
Off
Off
Off
No link present.
No link present.
No activity.
Eth1
Activity 0
Activity 1
Link
No activity.
No link present.
10/100
Off—10 MHz.
On—100 MHz.
Hot Swap
Off
Not safe to remove module.
7. Immediately after the G10 CMTS is powered on, check that the Power LED on the
Power LED is illuminated red, this indicates a short circuit or over-current condition; you
might have to replace the module (see “Remove a Chassis Control Module” on
panel following power-on.
Connect the Power and Perform Initial Configuration
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Power On the G10 CMTS
•
Table 42: Chassis Control Module LED Status
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LED
Status
Meaning
Minor
Off
No event of priority Warning, Notice, Information, or Critical
has occurred.
Major
Critical
Run
Off
No event of priority Error has occurred.
Off
No event of priority Emergency, Alert, or Critical has occurred.
Green
Off
Module is active.
Alarm Cutoff not activated.
On—Active module.
Off—Stand-by module.
IDE inactive.
ACO
∆1 ∆2
Green
IDE
Off
Power
USR1
USR2
Hot Swap
Green
[TBD]
[TBD]
Off
Power is applied.
[TBD]
[TBD]
Not safe to remove module.
8. Immediately after the G10 CMTS is powered on, wait for the OK LED on the NIC Module
faceplate to illuminate green, which indicates the module initialization has been
during the initialization (OK LED not illuminated), then change to another state after the
status of all LEDs on the module’s front panel. If the OK LED does not illuminate, the NIC
Module is considered faulty and you might have to replace it (see “Remove a NIC
Table 43: NIC Module LED Status
LED
Pre-initialization Status Post-initialization Status Meaning
Pull
Red
Off
Off
Off
Normal operation.
0 through 23
No link or activity on
interfaces.
GB0 and GB1
Off
Off
No link on Gigabit
interfaces.
CLK
PWR
RTM
Green
Green
Green
Off
Undefined.
Green
Green
Power is applied.
Continuity established
with NAM.
OK
Off
Green
Off
Successful initialization.
No external failure.
EXT FLT
Amber
Amber
One or more of the FE or
GE ports is enabled, but
unused.
INT FLT
Amber
Off
Off
Off
No internal failure.
Hot Swap
Not safe to remove
module.
9. You should check the four LEDs at the top of the NIC Access Module rear panel after
confirming the LEDs on its corresponding NIC Module are in the correct state as
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Power On and Configure the PC
all the LEDs on the NIC Access Module’s rear panel following power-on. If the
OPERATION LED is not illuminated green, the NIC Access Module is considered faulty
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Table 44: NIC Access Module LED Status
LED
Post-initialization Status
Meaning
POWER
Green
Green
Off
Power is applied.
Successful initialization.
No internal failure.
No external failure.
OPERATIONAL
INT FAULT
EXT FAULT
Off
Amber
One or more of the FE or GE ports is
enabled, but unused.
Before you replace any module that appears to be faulty
based on its LED status, contact Juniper Networks
customer support for technical assistance.
Power On and Configure the PC
1. Power on the personal computer (PC) attached to the serial port of the Chassis Control
Module.
2. Launch your asynchronous terminal emulation application (such as Microsoft Windows
Hyperterminal), and establish a direct connection. Configure the port settings as follows:
! Bits per second: 9600
! Data bits: 8
! Parity: None
! Stop bits: 1
! Flow control: None
Connect the Power and Perform Initial Configuration
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Perform Initial Software Configuration
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Perform Initial Software Configuration
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When you receive the CMTS, the JUNOSg software is preinstalled and is ready to be
configured after the CMTS successfully boots. The primary copy of the software is installed
on a nonrotating flash disk and a backup copy is included on the CMTS’s rotating hard disk
on the Hard Disk Module. When the CMTS boots, it first attempts to start the image from the
flash disk. If the boot from the flash disk fails, the CMTS attempts to boot from the hard disk.
Before you configure the CMTS, you need the following information:
! Name the CMTS will use on the network
! Domain name the CMTS will use
! IP address and prefix length information for the Ethernet interface
! IP address of a default CMTS
! IP address of a DNS server
! Password for the root user
To configure the software, follow this procedure:
1. After a successful connection is made between the PC attached to the serial port of the
Chassis Control Module and the CMTS, the terminal emulation screen on your PC will
display a banner and prompt you for a login username. Log in as the root user. There is
no password.
2. Start the CLI.
root# cli
root@>
3. Enter configuration mode.
cli> configure
[edit]
root@#
4. Configure the name of the CMTS. If the name includes spaces, enclose the name in
quotation marks (“ “).
[edit]
root@# set system host-name host-name
5. Configure the CMTS’s domain name.
[edit]
root@# set system domain-name domain-name
6. Configure the IP address and prefix length for the CMTS’s Fast Ethernet management
interface.
[edit]
root@# set interfaces fxp0 unit 0 family inet address address/prefix-length
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Perform Initial Software Configuration
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7. Configure the IP address of a backup router, which is used only while the routing
protocol is not running.
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[edit]
root@# set system backup-router address
8. Configure the IP address of a DNS server.
[edit]
root@# set system name-server address
9. Set the root authentication password by entering either a clear-text password, an
encrypted password, or an ssh public key string (DSA or RSA).
[edit]
root@# set system root-authentication plain-text-password
New password: password
Retype new password: password
or
[edit]
root@# set system root-authentication encrypted-password encrypted-password
or
[edit]
root@# set system root-authentication ssh-dsa public-key
or
[edit]
root@# set system root-authentication ssh-rsa public-key
10. Optionally, display the configuration to verify that it is correct.
[edit]
root@# show
system {
host-name host-name;
domain-name domain-name;
backup-router address;
root-authentication {
authentication-method (password | public-key);
}
name-server {
address;
}
}
interfaces {
fxp0 {
unit 0 {
family inet {
address address/prefix-length;
}
}
}
}
11. Commit the configuration. This activates the configuration on the CMTS.
[edit]
root@# commit
Connect the Power and Perform Initial Configuration
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Perform Initial Software Configuration
•
12. Optionally, configure additional properties by adding the necessary configuration
statements. Then, commit the changes to activate them on the CMTS.
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[edit]
root@host-name# commit
13. When you have finished configuring the CMTS, exit configuration mode.
[edit]
root@host-name# exit
root@host-name>
The CMTS is now connected to the network but is not fully configured. You must perform
additional configuration before the CMTS can pass traffic. For complete information about
configuring the CMTS, including examples, see the JUNOSg software configuration guides.
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132
CRhFaMepastureemren7ts
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This chapter provides the procedures for measuring the downstream and upstream RF
signals of a DOCSIS Module using a spectrum analyzer. You can follow these procedures
immediately after the initial installation and configuration of the G10 CMTS to ensure the
system is configured and operating properly. In addition, these procedures can assist you
with the diagnosis of RF issues that are detected by spectrum monitoring applications such
as the ServiceGuard Management System (see “ServiceGuard Management System” on
page 147).
The procedures assume the use of a Hewlett Packard HP8591C CATV Analyzer, but any
equivalent spectrum analyzer will suffice.
This chapter discusses the following topics:
RF Measurements
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Downstream RF Measurement in CATV Mode
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Downstream RF Measurement in CATV Mode
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This section describes the procedure for measuring the downstream signal power from the
G10 CMTS using CATV mode on the HP8591C CATV analyzer. If your spectrum analyzer does
not support CATV mode, you can use the spectrum analyzer mode as described in
To measure the downstream signal power using CATV mode, follow this procedure:
1. Connect the spectrum analyzer to a cable within the plant that carries the downstream
signal you are measuring. The signal originates from one of the downstream ports of the
HFC Connector Module or the SIM (DS0 through DS3).
2. View (or set) the output RF power level of the specific interface to be measured. You can
view the output power by issuing the show configuration command:
user@host> show configuration interfaces cd-virtual-slot/docsis-slot/downstream-interface
cable-options downstream
...
rf-power 61;
...
In this example, the output RF power level is set to 61 dBmV. If the rf-power statement is
not included in your configuration, the output RF power level defaults to 61 dBmV.
To set the output RF power level for a downstream interface, include the rf-power
statement at the [edit interfaces cd-virtual-slot/docsis-slot/downstream-interface
cable-options downstream] hierarchy level:
rf-power rf-power;
The downstream interface power level can be from 50 dBmV through 61 dBmV.
3. Press the MODE key and set the spectrum analyzer to CABLE TV ANALYZER mode.
4. Select CHANNEL MEAS (channel measurement) and enter the desired channel number.
For example, select channel 75, which corresponds to a center frequency of 531 MHz.
5. Navigate to the third menu on the screen and select DIGITAL POWER. The spectrum
analyzer display should be similar to the display in Figure 40 on page 135.
6. Ensure that the DIGITAL CHANNEL POWER shown at the bottom of the display is
approximately equal to the configured downstream power level, minus any attenuation
between the HFC Connector Module or SIM downstream port and the point at which
your measurement is taken in the cable plant. In this example, assume the attentuation
between the CMTS and the measurement point is approximately 13 dB. Therefore, the
expected measured value should be approximately 48 dBmV.
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Downstream RF Measurement in Spectrum Analyzer Mode
Figure 40: Downstream RF Signal (CATV Mode)
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Downstream RF Measurement in Spectrum Analyzer Mode
To measure the downstream signal power using the spectrum analyzer mode on the
HP8591C CATV analyzer, follow this procedure:
1. Connect the spectrum analyzer to a cable within the plant that carries the downstream
signal you are measuring. The signal originates from one of the downstream ports of the
HFC Connector Module or the SIM (DS0 through DS3).
2. View (or set) the output RF power level of the specific interface to be measured. You can
view the output power by issuing the show configuration command:
user@host> show configuration interfaces cd-virtual-slot/docsis-slot/downstream-interface
cable-options downstream
...
rf-power 61;
...
In this example, the output RF power level is set to 61 dBmV. If the rf-power statement is
not included in your configuration, the output RF power level defaults to 61 dBmV.
To set the output RF power level for a downstream interface, include the rf-power
statement at the [edit interfaces cd-virtual-slot/docsis-slot/downstream-interface
cable-options downstream] hierarchy level:
rf-power rf-power;
The downstream interface power level can be from 50 dBmV through 61 dBmV.
3. Press the MODE key and set the spectrum analyzer to SPECTRUM ANALYZER mode.
4. Press the FREQUENCY key and enter the desired frequency (for example, 531 MHz).
RF Measurements
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Downstream RF Measurement in Spectrum Analyzer Mode
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5. Press the SPAN key and enter 6 MHz.
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6. Press the BW key and turn video averaging on by selecting VID AVG ON. The default
number of averages is 100. You can change the number of averages by using the
numeric keypad.
7. Press the MKR FCTN key (marker function) and select MK NOISE ON. This sets the
spectrum analyzer to read out the power bandwidth, normalized to 1 Hz. The spectrum
middle/left—is –19.12 dBmV, at 1 Hz. In order to obtain the power in the 6 MHz
channel, a correction factor is required. This correction factor equals
10 log(ChannelBW/measurementBW). In this case, 10 log (6x10^6/1) equals 67.78 dB.
Therefore, the actual downstream channel power equals (-19.12 dBmV+67.78 dBmV),
which equals 48.66 dBmV. Ensure that this power value is approximately equal to the
configured downstream power level, minus any attenuation between the HFC Connector
Module or SIM downstream port and the point at which your measurement is taken in
the cable plant. In this example, assume the attentuation between the CMTS and the
measurement point is approximately 13 dB. Therefore, the expected measured value
should be approximately 48 dBmV.
Figure 41: Downstream RF Signal (Spectrum Analyzer Mode)
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Upstream RF Measurement
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Upstream RF Measurement
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To measure an upstream signal to the CMTS using zero span mode on the HP8591C CATV
analyzer, follow this procedure:
DOCSIS specifies that cable modems use TDMA (time
division multiple access) for upstream transmissions,
which means that cable modems are not continuously
transmitting. In order to facilitate the triggering and
capture of upstream signals, the cable modems should be
transmitting long packets as often as possible.
1. Connect the spectrum analyzer to a cable within the plant that carries the upstream
signal you are measuring. The signals are received on one of the upstream ports of the
HFC Connector Module or SIM (US0 through US3).
2. Press the FREQ key and enter the center frequency that corresponds to the upstream
frequency you are measuring. You can view the upstream frequency by issuing the show
configuration command:
user@host> show configuration interfaces cu-virtual-slot/docsis-slot/upstream-interface
cable-options upstream
...
frequency 9m;
...
In this example, the upstream frequency is set to 9 MHz.
3. Press the SPAN key and enter 0 MHz (or select ZERO SPAN). This sets the spectrum
analyzer to zero span mode, which means that signals will be displayed in the time
domain.
4. Press the BW key (bandwidth), select RES BW MAN (resolution bandwidth manual), and
enter 3 MHz.
5. While in the BW key menu, select VID BW MAN (video bandwidth manual), and enter
3 MHz.
6. Press the AMPLITUDE key, select ATTEN MAN (attenuation manual), and enter 0 dB. This
removes all internal spectrum analyzer attenuation.
7. While in the AMPLITUDE screen, select REF LVL (reference level), and enter a value
slightly greater than the maximum power level you are expecting. The reference level is
the power represented by the top graticule line in the display. Assume the reference level
is set to 5 dBmV.
8. Select SCALE and adjust the scale so that the signal spans the entire Y-axis of the display.
9. Press the TRIG key (trigger), select VIDEO, and adjust the trigger line to within one
graticule of the peak of the signal.
10. Press the SWEEP key, select SWP TIME MAN (sweep time manual), and set the sweep
time to a value in the range of 80 through 100 microseconds.
RF Measurements
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Upstream RF Measurement
•
11 . P re ss t he SGL SWP key (single sweep) repeatedly until the spectrum analyzer display is
represent the upstream burst transmission of a single cable modem, including the
preamble.
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12. Press the MKR (marker) key and adjust the marker to a position on the signal that
approximately positioned at a median level of 0.65 dBmV. Ensure that this power level is
equal to the commanded receive power level at the CMTS, plus any attenuation between
the CMTS and the point of measurement.
You can view the commanded receive power level by issuing the show configuration
command:
user@host> show configuration interfaces cu-virtual-slot/docsis-slot/upstream-interface
cable-options upstream
...
commanded-power-level 0;
...
In this example, the commanded receive power level is set to 0 dBmV. If the
commanded-power-level statement is not included in your configuration, the
commanded receive power level defaults to 0 dBmV.
Figure 42: Single Upstream Burst
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Upstream RF Measurement
Figure 43 represents the spectrum analyzer display of multiple upstream bursts. This display
was produced by repeating this procedure with the following modifications:
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Figure 43: Multiple Upstream Bursts
RF Measurements
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Upstream RF Measurement
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CThroaublpesthoeotring8
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This chapter identifies common issues associated with the operation and configuration of the
G10 CMTS, the HFC plant, and cable modem provisioning. Recommendations for
troubleshooting and resolving these issues using the flap list are also provided. For purposes
of discussion, HFC plant refers to all cabling and equipment on the RF side of the network,
other than the CMTS, regardless of its physical location.
We recommend that you review the G10 CMTS software
and hardware release notes for details regarding the latest
features, changes, and known and resolved issues. This
might assist you with troubleshooting some of the issues
you encounter with the operation of your system.
This chapter discusses the following topics:
Features for Troubleshooting
The G10 CMTS provides powerful features that aid you with troubleshooting CMTS, cable
modem, and HFC plant related issues, including the flap list, the local event log, and various
CLI commands that display relevant statistics.
This section discusses the following topics:
Troubleshooting
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Features for Troubleshooting
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Flap List
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The CMTS maintains a database of cable modems, along with various statistics for each cable
modem. When a cable modem exhibits behavior that matches pre-defined criteria—referred
to as a flap—an entry is added to a table called a flap list. Each flap list entry contains the
MAC address of the cable modem, along with additional modem statistics that can assist in
determining why the cable modem flapped. You can display the flap list by issuing the show
cable modem flaps command.
You can define global flap criteria or define flap criteria on an upstream interface basis. Flap
criteria defined for an upstream interface override those set at the global level. If a parameter
is not explicitly set, a flap is defined by its default value.
After an entry is added to the flap list for a cable modem, any subsequent flap for that cable
modem, whether defined explicitly or by default, updates that flap list entry with new
statistics (including a flap count). Examples of flaps include excessive initial ranging, missed
station maintenance opportunities, large upstream power adjustments, and an SNR dropping
below a threshold.
The flap list can be used to assist you with troubleshooting, locating CMTS and cable modem
configuration issues, and locating problems in the HFC plant without impacting throughput
and downstream performance, and without creating additional packet overhead throughout
the HFC network.
For more information about the flap list, see the JUNOSg Software Configuration Guide:
Interfaces, Cable, Policy, and Routing and Routing Protocols.
Use the Flap List for Troubleshooting
To display the flap list, issue the show cable flap-list command:
user@host> show cable flap-list
MAC-Address
CER LTime
Interface Us/Port
IM
SM
PAdj
FAdj
SNR
0
MER
0
LEvnt Total FAdjAmnt SNRavg MERavg CERavg
00:20:40:BF:5B:C4 ca-0/2/1
0 Feb 18 12:04:21 PADJ FLAP
00:E0:6F:03:16:DB ca-0/2/0
0 Feb 18 12:04:28 PADJ FLAP
2/1
9/0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
33
28
23
0
0
13
0
0
13
24
and statistics displayed in the output fields. The quantification of the flap counts and statistics
is plant dependent, so general qualifications, such as High and Low, are provided.
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Features for Troubleshooting
Table 45: Flap List Association to Potential Issues
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Output Field
Value
Potential Issues
IM (initial maintenance
retry flaps)
High
! DHCP server issues
! TFTP server issues
! Configuration file issues
SM (missed station
maintenance flaps)
High
! Noise
! Ingress
! Impairments such as common path distortion
! Laser clipping distortion
! Attenuation (too large or too small)
! Impulse noise
CER (codeword error rate High (with low CERavg)
flaps)
CERavg (average CER)
High
! Ingress
! Impulse noise
! Impairments such as common path distortion
! Laser clipping distortion
PAdj (power adjust flaps)
High
! High attenuation in the return path
! Changing environmental conditions that affect the
return path such as temperature
! Improper amplification
! Poor amplifier performance
FAdj (frequency adjust
flaps)
High
Low
! Significant frequency error introduced by frequency
stacking multiplexer (sometimes called block
upconversion) in the return path
! Degraded frequency stability in cable modem
! Increase in return path noise due to:
! Amplifier thermal noise
SNRavg (SNR average)
MERavg (MER average)
! Fiberoptic link noise
! Ingress noise
! High attenuation in the return path
Low
Any issues that affect the phase and amplitude of the
signal in the return path:
! Noise
! Impairments
! Non-linear distortions (in lasers and amplifiers, for
example)
! Linear distortions such as group delay variance
! Quality of cable modem transmitter
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Features for Troubleshooting
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You should consider the following general guidelines when interpreting the flap list statistics:
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provisioning and the HFC plant conditions are considered satisfactory. Use these values
to establish an operational baseline.
! If you sort the flap list by the total number of flaps, or by a specific flap, you can locate
problematic nodes in the HFC plant. For example, if the flap list is sorted by MERavg and
the flap entries with the lowest MERavg values are all within the same cable interface,
your diagnostic procedures can focus on a particular area of the return path.
! If you sort the flap list by MAC address (by-mac), you can reveal issues associated with
cable modems manufactured by the same vendor. You can determine this by inspecting
the unique vendor identifier contained in the first 24 bits of the MAC address.
! MERavg provides a good metric for the overall quality of the return path because it is
affected by virtually every possible source of QPSK and QAM signal amplitude and phase
distortion (unlike other metrics are affected mostly by noise). You can use MERavg to
gauge the margin of failure available within a particular upstream interface.
! If the IM value is high and the SM value is low, the cable modem might be having
problems with the following:
! Initial ranging due to CMTS configuration issues.
! Initial ranging due to HFC plant issues in the forward path or the return path.
! Registration due to provisioning issues.
! Stability.
! If the IM value is low and the SM value is high, then the cable modem is able to
successfully register, but there might be intermittent HFC plant issues in the forward
path or the return path that cause the cable modem to use periodic maintenance
opportunities unsuccessfully.
! A high PAdj value indicates that a cable modem’s power adjustment is changing by a
significant amount, which suggests problems in the return path. Compare PAdj for cable
modems that reside before and after an amplifier in the return path to provide an
indication of amplifier issues. High power levels of an RF signal can lead to laser
clipping, which results in corrupted codewords as seen by the CMTS. Therefore, a high
PAdj value in conjunction with a high CERavg value might provide an indication of laser
clipping.
! A high FAdj value can occur when you use a frequency stacking multiplexer (sometimes
called block upconversion) in which multiple upstream spectrums are stacked in
frequency at the fiber node in the upstream, and there is significant frequency error
introduced in the upconversion and downconversion process. Cable modems that have
degraded frequency stability also cause frequency adjust flaps to occur.
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Features for Troubleshooting
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Local Event Log
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The local event log of the CMTS corresponds to the docsDevEventTable within the
DOCS-CABLE-DEVICE-MIB (RFC 2669). This log can assist you with troubleshooting various
issues. The OSSI specification defines required events that a CMTS must support. In addition,
the G10 CMTS supports vendor-specific events.
between the display output fields and the DOCS-CABLE-DEVICE-MIB objects.
user@host> show log cable
Time shown as :
YYYY:MM:DD:HH:MM:SS:DS
Index Date/Time
Level Id
Description
----- ---------------------- ----------- ---------- ----------------------
2003:04:16:11:55:37:07 information 2539850802 FLAPLIST CM aged/cleared out
5
of flaplist on interface cable:2/0,CM MAC:00:00:39:A1:8A:4F,Upstream
Ch:1,Upstream Port:0
4
2003:04:15:10:54:51:03 notice
2539850801 FLAPLIST CM added to
flaplist on interface cable:2/0,CM MAC:00:00:39:A1:8A:4F,Upstream Ch:1,Upstream
Port:0,Condition:IRng
3
2003:04:15:10:54:31:05 information 2539850204 CHASSIS Module at slot 2
went online
2
2003:04:15:10:54:10:00 information 2539850204 CHASSIS Module at slot 5
went online
Table 46: Local Event Log Headings Displayed
DOCS-CABLE-DEVICE-MIB
Object
Output Field
Index
Meaning
docsDevEvIndex
docsDevEvFirstTime
docsDevEvLevel
docsDevEvId
Relative ordering in the event log.
The time the entry was created.
The priority level of the event.
Unique identifier used by the CMTS for the event type.
A text description of the docsDevEvId.
Date/Time
Level
Id
Description
docsDevEvText
See the DOCSIS OSSI specification and the DOCS-CABLE-DEVICE-MIB for more information
about the docsDevEventTable. See the JUNOSg Software Configuration Guide: Interfaces, Cable,
Policy, and Routing and Routing Protocols for more information about event management.
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Features for Troubleshooting
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Operational Commands
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The following CLI commands can assist you with troubleshooting issues by displaying various
types of information, including cable modem operational states, chassis hardware status,
error logs, physical layer statistics, and configuration data:
! show cable modem—Display a list of cable modems (registered and unregistered) and
associated operational parameters.
! show cable modem connectivity—Display connectivity information for a list of cable
modems.
! show cable modem counters—Display byte and packet counters for all active service
flows for a list of cable modems. For DOCSIS 1.0 cable modems, the counters
correspond to the equivalent primary service flows created corresponding to the
primary class-of-service.
! show cable modem cpe—Display a table of known CPE devices behind a set of cable
modems.
! show cable modem detail—Display detailed information for a cable modem with the
specified IP address.
! show cable modem errors—Display error statistics for a list of cable modems.
! show cable modem flaps—Display flaps for a list of cable modems.
! show cable modem offline—Display a list of offline cable modems.
! show cable modem physical-statistics—Display physical layer (PHY) statistics for a list
of cable modems.
! show cable modem qos-profile—Display a list of cable modems associated with the
specified QoS profile ID (which corresponds to the docsIfCmtsServiceQosProfile object
in the RF-MIBv2-04 MIB).
! show cable modem ranging-statistics—Display ranging statistics for a list of cable
modems.
! show cable modem registered—Display a list of registered cable modems and
associated operational parameters.
! show cable modem remote-query—Display the statistics specified by the snmp-entity
option for a list of cable modems that are in the IP-complete or registration-complete
states.
! show cable modem rogue—Display a list of cable modems that have been declared
rogue. The entity displayed corresponds to the pbcCmtsRogueCmTable object in the
PBC-CMTS-MIB MIB.
! show cable modem subscriber-group—Display subscriber group information for a list of
cable modems.
! show cable modem summary—Display a summary of cable modems in each
operational state.
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! show cable modem unregistered—Display a list of unregistered cable modems and
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associated operational parameters.
! show chassis environment—Display environmental information about the CMTS
chassis, including the temperature of each DOCSIS Module, temperature thresholds, and
fan and power supply status.
See the JUNOSg Software Operational Mode Command Reference for more information about
these commands.
ServiceGuard Management System
The ServiceGuard Management System is an optional tool
that is not part of the standard G10 CMTS shipment. A
ServiceGuard Management System application must be
purchased to take advantage of this powerful diagnostic
aid.
You can perform spectrum monitoring of the HFC return path by using the ServiceGuard
Management System. The ServiceGuard Management System provides a headend technician
with an integrated tool to monitor and analyze the return path network performance at the
G10 CMTS by collecting measurements gathered by the Broadband Cable Processor ASIC,
processing them into useful statistical information, and presenting them graphically. Statistics
that you can be measure and plot within the ServiceGuard Management System include
noise power and noise power density, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), modulation error
rate (MER), and codeword error rate (CER).
The ServiceGuard Management System incorporates an integrated impairment identification
tool that monitors statistics to characterize compromised performance to a potential cause
(such as impulse or burst noise, narrowband ingress, or microreflections).
This application allows you to recognize, identify, and troubleshoot issues with the return
path. In addition, you can use this application to map and allocate spectrum for upstream
interfaces.
Troubleshooting
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CMTS Power and Booting Issues
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CMTS Power and Booting Issues
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This section lists the following issues associated with powering up and booting the CMTS,
along with procedures to resolve them:
CMTS Is Not Powering Up
If it appears that power is not being applied to the CMTS—because you do not hear or see
any fans rotating, or do not see any LEDs illuminated—the cause might be one or more of
the following:
! The power cords are not securely connected to the power transition modules and to
their power sources.
! The power switches and the power sources are not turned on.
! The power supplies have failed. Note the status of the power supply LEDs. If the Power
LED is not green or if the Fault LED is illuminated, take the appropriate actions described
CMTS Does Not Boot Successfully
If you do not get to the login and password prompts, the CMTS did not successfully boot up.
The cause might be one or more of the following:
! A new module added to the system might not be properly installed into the midplane of
When you install a rear chassis module, apply more
pressure to the upper ejector than to the lower ejector. This
ensures the module connectors on the top of the card edge
are properly aligned with the midplane connectors. The
bottom edge has no connectors, so you do not need to
press the rear ejector as firmly.
! The CMTS does not have at least one DOCSIS Module installed.
! A module is not operational. After you check that all modules are properly installed in
the chassis, check their status LEDs to ensure they have powered up successfully. If you
observe any of the following LED states, contact customer support:
! The Power LED of a Chassis Control Module remains red indefinitely.
! The Test LED of any DOCSIS Module remains red indefinitely.
! Any of the 1 through 6 LEDs of any DOCSIS Module is not green.
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CMTS Power and Booting Issues
! The OK LED of a NIC Module does not illuminate.
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! The OPERATIONAL LED of a NIC Access Module does not illuminate.
A faulty Chassis Control Module will prevent the CMTS
from successfully booting up and might give the false
appearance that the DOCSIS Modules and the NIC Modules
are also faulty (based on their LED status). Determine the
operational status of the Chassis Control Module before
declaring any DOCSIS Modules or NIC Modules as faulty.
! The CMTS could not boot from the flash disk. When the CMTS boots, it first attempts to
start the software image from the flash disk. If this fails, you can remove the flash disk to
force the CMTS to boot from the hard disk. Contact customer support for learn how to
remove the flash disk. Normally, you want the CMTS to boot from the flash disk.
! The CMTS was powered down and powered up in quick succession. We recommend
that you wait at least 10 seconds after powering down the CMTS before you power it up.
CMTS Powers Down
If the CMTS powers down, this might be caused by one or more of the following:
! The power supplies in the CMTS have reached their over-temperature shutdown limit.
1. Check the ambient temperature in the headend or hub in which the CMTS resides.
The air cooling system might not be fully operative, and the ambient operating
temperature might have exceeded the maximum specification for the G10 CMTS of
40°C. See if an SNMP message was sent to the NMS or an entry was added to the
event log indicating the temperature of the CMTS exceeded the high threshold
(defined by the high statement).
2. Check that all empty module slots and power supply bays contain air management
modules, panels, and filler panels. In addition, the power supply faceplate must
always be installed while the CMTS is operating. These requirements ensure that
proper air ventilation occurs throughout the chassis.
3. Ensure that proper clearance is maintained between the G10 CMTS chassis and its
surroundings to allow adequate air ventilation to flow into the air intakes and out of
4. One or more of the fans within a fan tray might have stopped rotating while the
CMTS was operating. If an SNMP message was sent to the NMS, an entry was added
to the event log indicating a fan failure, or a fan tray LED was illuminated red before
the CMTS powered down, you must replace the fan tray that contains the faulty fan.
Troubleshooting
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Ideal HFC Plant Configuration Issues
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Ideal HFC Plant Configuration Issues
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This section provides a list of potential HFC plant issues and the procedures to resolve them.
The troubleshooting procedures in this section assume that the HFC plant is ideal and not
contributing to issues associated with the cable modems.
“HFC Plant Related Issues” on page 156 addresses issues associated with problems in the
HFC plant.
This section includes the following topics:
Cable Modem Cannot Successfully Range
If a cable modem cannot successfully range, the cause might be one or more of the following:
! The downstream and upstream interface and port mapping are not properly aligned
with the forward and return path topology of the HFC plant. For example, suppose a
cable modem resides in cable interface 0 (MAC domain 0), which contains downstream
interface 0 and upstream interfaces 0 and 1. Also, suppose the forward and return paths
are connected to downstream port 0 and upstream port 0 of an HFC Connector Module
or SIM. If you manually reconfigured the CMTS so that upstream interface 0 is moved to
upstream port 1, but the interface still resides in cable interface 0, when upstream
interface 0 is enabled, the CMTS will be expecting the cable modem to transmit on
port 1, but the cable modem will be transmitting its ranging requests on port 0.
! The upstream interface on which the cable modem resides is not enabled.
A high IM value in the flap list can be an indication of ranging issues.
The local event log might contain events that explain why a cable modem has been
de-ranged. Issue the show log cable command to see the local event log.
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Cable Modem Cannot Establish IP Connectivity
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If a cable modem cannot establish IP connectivity, the cause might be one or more of the
following :
! The DHCP server could not be accessed because the network is down.
! The DHCP server is down. Ping the DHCP server IP address using the ping command to
see if the server is responding.
! The DHCP server parameters are not properly configured within the CMTS.
A high IM value in the flap list can be an indication of DHCP setup issues.
Cable Modem Cannot Successfully Register
If a cable modem cannot successfully register, the cause might be one or more of the
following:
! The cable modem did not receive a configuration file because:
! The TFTP server could not be accessed because the network is down.
! The TFTP server is down.
! The name of the configuration file provided in the DHCP response was incorrect.
! The TFTP server IP address provided in the siaddr field of the DHCP response was
incorrect.
! The TFTP server was hosting the maximum number of sessions when the cable
modem requested the configuration file.
! The CMTS indicated an authentication failure in its REG-RSP message because:
! The TFTP Server Timestamp field in the cable modem’s REG-REQ message differs
from the local time maintained by the CMTS by more than the CM Configuration
Processing Time (the maximum time for a cable modem to send a REG-REQ
message following the receipt of the configuration file, which must be a minimum
of 30 seconds).
! The TFTP Server Provisioned Modem Address field in the cable modem’s REG-REQ
message does not match the requesting cable modem’s actual address.
! The message integrity check (MIC) was not valid because the shared secret between
the CMTS and the provisioning server did not match, which results in an
authentication failure.
! The MIC was not valid because the configuration file was modified en route
between the provisioning server and the cable modem.
Issue the show log cable command to see if the CMTS made an entry for an
authentication failure in the local event log.
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! The cable modem received a configuration file, but the contents of the file are not valid.
Ensure the configuration settings are valid and are consistent with the DOCSIS
specifications.
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! The cable modem timed out waiting for the time of day (TOD) server to respond. Newer
cable modems continue the registration process while continuing to retry the TOD
request. However, some older cable modems do not attempt to register if they time out
while waiting for a TOD response. The TOD timeout might occur if the TOD server IP
address provided in the DHCP response was incorrect.
A high IM value in the flap list can be an indication of TFTP, configuration file, or registration
issues.
Cable Modem Throughput is Slow
If the throughput of a cable modem seems slow, the cause might be one or more of the
following:
! The DOCSIS 1.0 Class of Service Configuration Setting (for DOCSIS 1.0) or the
Upstream Service Flow Configuration Setting and the Downstream Service Flow
Configuration Setting fields (DOCSIS 1.1) of the configuration file are limiting the
maximum upstream and downstream bandwidth of the cable modem. If necessary,
increase the parameters within these fields in the configuration file to increase the cable
modem’s throughput.
To determine the maximum bandwidth settings for a cable modem, issue the show
cable modem command to determine the QoS profile for a cable modem:
user@host> show cable modem
Interface Us Prim Online
Reg Modul
Timing Rec QoS BPI IP-Address
Offset Power
MAC-Address
Sid
36 init(rc)
00:40:36:09:44:EB 1.0 TDMA
State
ca-0/2/0
0
585
0.0
1 Off 10.27.1.101
In this example, the cable modem uses QoS profile 1. Then issue the show cable
qos-profile command to display the characteristics of QoS profile 1:
user@host> show cable qos-profile 1
Service Prio
class
Max Guarantee
upstream upstream downstream
bandwidth bandwidth
1000000
Max Max tx Create Baseline
burst
by privacy
enable
bandwidth
10000000
1
0
0
0
cmts
no
The cable modem’s maximum upstream bandwidth is 1 Mbps and its maximum
downstream bandwidth is 10 Mbps.
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! The cable modem belongs to a downstream or upstream interface on which a traffic
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scheduling policy is assigned. Packets that exceed the maximum sustained traffic rate
(MSTR) are dropped or shaped, depending on the traffic scheduling policy configuration.
Issue the show cable policy traffic-scheduling command to display configured traffic
scheduling policies.
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! The cable modem belongs to a downstream or upstream interface on which a
congestion control policy is assigned, such as random early detection (RED), leading to
dropped packets. Issue the show cable policy congestion-control command to display
configured congestion control policies.
! Congestion exists in the upstream.
You can compute the approximate upstream channel utilization by monitoring the
ifInOctets object in the DOCS-IF-MIB (RFC 2670). The ifInOctets object contains the total
number of octets received on an interface, including data packets as well as MAC layer
packets, and includes the length of the MAC header. However, this object does not
account for the PHY layer overhead—preamble, FEC, and guard time—which consumes
a certain percent of the available raw channel bandwidth. The following procedure
explains how to compute the approximate upstream channel utilization using an SNMP
MIB browser:
1. Set the SNMP polling time to a value large enough to capture a statistically
significant amount of upstream traffic. In this example, assume the polling time is
60 seconds.
2. Browse the ifInOctets object for the interface that corresponds to the upstream
interface you are measuring. Wait for the value of the object to change and record
this value. Assume the value is 33,019,041 octets.
3. Wait 60 seconds for the value of the object to change and record this value. Assume
the value is 65,903,162 octets.
interface over the polling time: (65,903,162–33,019,041=32,884,121 octets).
the polling time to compute the upstream channel bandwidth (without the PHY
overhead): [(32,884,121 octets * 8) / 60 sec]=4,384,549 bps.
6. Compute the maximum available raw bandwidth by multiplying the symbol rate of
the channel by the number of bits/symbol. Assume the symbol rate is 2560
Ksym/sec, and the modulation is QPSK (2 bits/symbol), which yields a bandwidth of
5,120,000 bps.
7. Computing the PHY overhead, and hence the channel efficiency, is a non-trivial
exercise because it is dependent on the mix of transmissions that use a particular
interval usage code, packet sizes, and the modulation profile and mini-slot size of
the channel. Using practical values for these variables, assume a channel efficiency
of 92 percent (be aware that the channel efficiency can be lower depending on the
assumptions made). Derating the maximum available raw bandwidth of the
channel by 92 percent yields 4,710,400 bps (5,120,000 bps*0.92).
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Ideal HFC Plant Configuration Issues
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8. You can compute the approximate upstream channel utilization by dividing the
utilized interface.
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Congestion might be attributed to one or more of the following:
! An excessive number of cable modems are attached to a DOCSIS Module in the
return path of the HFC plant. Review your corporate guidelines to ensure you have
not exceeded the maximum number of cable modems per DOCSIS Module for the
modulation profiles being used. If necessary, install additional DOCSIS Modules.
! An excessive number of cable modems are assigned to the upstream interface in
which the cable modem transmits. Issue the show cable modem command as
follows to determine the number of cable modems within an upstream interface:
user@host> show cable modem summary total interface
cu-virtual-slot/docsis-slot/upstream-interface
---Cable Modem Operational States---
Interface Us
CM
Qty
5
Dstry Dclr Rng
Rng
Rng
IP
Reg
Access
Abort
Compl Compl
Denied
ca-0/2/0
total
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0
5
An excessive number of cable modems on an upstream interface can be addressed
by the following:
! Enable load balancing in the CMTS by including the load-balance statement at
the [edit services cable upstream] hierarchy level. The CMTS attempts to
assign a cable modem to an upstream channel based on channel width and
utilization.
! Provision one or more additional upstream interfaces in the cable interface in
which the cable modem resides. The logical allocation of up to 16 upstream
interfaces to any of the upstream ports on a DOCSIS Module allows you to
provision interfaces without the need for physical node recombining.
! Increase the upstream channel width.
! The cable modem is transmitting using QPSK modulation. The all-digital processing of
the Broadband Cable Processor ASIC, along with its advanced noise cancellation and
equalization algorithms, might allow the cable modems on an upstream channel to
operate at 16QAM. To change the modulation of an upstream channel, assign a new
modulation profile to that channel.
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! Congestion exists in the downstream.
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You can compute the approximate downstream channel utilization by monitoring the
ifOutOctets object in the DOCS-IF-MIB (RFC 2670). The ifOutOctets object contains the
total number of octets transmitted on an interface, including data packets as well as MAC
layer packets, and includes the length of the MAC header. However, this object does not
account for overhead—such as FEC, MPEG, and DOCSIS MAC—which consumes a
certain percent of the available raw channel bandwidth. The following procedure
explains how to compute the approximate downstream channel utilization using an
SNMP MIB browser:
1. Set the SNMP polling time to a value large enough to capture a statistically
significant amount of upstream traffic. In this example, assume the polling time is
60 seconds.
2. Browse the ifOutOctets object for the interface that corresponds to the downstream
interface you are measuring. Wait for the value of the object to change and record
this value. Assume the value is 383,456,157 octets.
3. Wait 60 seconds for the value of the object to change and record this value. Assume
the value is 563,344,189 octets.
interface over the polling time: (563,344,189–383,456,157=179,888,032 octets).
the polling time to compute the downstream channel bandwidth:
[(179,888,032 octets * 8) / 60 sec]=23,985,071 bps.
6. Compute the maximum available raw bandwidth by multiplying the symbol rate of
the channel by the number of bits/symbol. Assume the symbol rate is
5.056941 Msym/sec, and the modulation is 64QAM (6 bits/symbol), which yields a
bandwidth of 30,341,646 bps.
7. Assuming a channel efficiency of 85 percent (due to overhead), derating the
maximum available raw bandwidth of the channel yields 25,790,399 bps
(30,341,646 bps*0.85).
8. You can compute the approximate downstream channel utilization by dividing the
highly utilized interface.
Congestion in the downstream might caused by an excessive number of cable modems
attached to a DOCSIS Module in the forward path of the HFC plant. Review your
corporate guidelines to ensure you have not exceeded the maximum number of cable
modems per DOCSIS Module. If necessary, install additional DOCSIS Modules.
! The CMTS is transmitting using 64QAM modulation. If the HFC plant can support
reliable downstream transmissions using 256QAM modulation, change the modulation
to 256QAM.
! The performance on the network-side interface (NSI) is slow. Find the NSI bottleneck
and address the performance issue appropriately.
Troubleshooting
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HFC Plant Related Issues
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! If the cable modem is a CCCM (CPE controlled cable modem), the performance of the
CPE is affecting the performance of the cable modem. The CPE performance can be
affected by one or more of the following:
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! A slow microprocessor.
! Not enough RAM.
! Not enough disk space.
! Running too many applications.
! Improper network configuration.
Cable Modem is Dropped
A cable modem might be dropped from the CMTS for the following reasons:
! The cable modem belongs to a downstream or upstream interface on which a call
admission control (CAC) policy is assigned. If the ratio of the aggregate best-effort
minimum reserved traffic rate (MRTR) for all admitted service flows to the channel
bandwidth exceeds the ratio configured in the CAC policy, cable modems are dropped
based on the traffic priority of their service flow until the ratio is not exceeded. Issue the
show cable policy admission-control command to display configured CAC policies.
! You have changed the configuration for an interface that was previously configured with
QoS parameters for admitted service flows based on the original interface configuration.
For example, assume a CAC policy is configured with the maximum allowable ratio of
the aggregate best-effort MRTR for all admitted service flows to the channel bandwidth
at 50 percent. If the original channel bandwidth was 10 Mbps, but is reconfigured to
5 Mbps, the aggregate MRTR above which cable modems are dropped is reduced from
5 Mbps (50 percent of 10 Mbps) to 2.5 Mbps (50 percent of 5 Mbps).
HFC Plant Related Issues
This section assumes that the HFC plant is potentially contributing to issues associated with
the cable modems. Following is a list of potential issues along with suggestions to resolve
them.
This section includes the following topics:
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HFC Plant Related Issues
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Cable Modem Cannot Successfully Range
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If a cable modem cannot successfully range, the cause might be one or more of the following:
! There is too much attenuation in the return path. If the power level of the cable
modem’s signal measured at the CMTS is not within the tolerable limits of the CMTS due
to excessive attenuation, the CMTS responds with an abort ranging status in the ranging
response (RNG-RSP) message to the cable modem.
You can configure the power level below the commanded power level at which a cable
modem is considered successfully ranged by including the minimum-power-level
statement at the [edit services cable upstream] or [edit interfaces
cu-virtual-slot/docsis-slot/upstream-interface cable-options upstream] hierarchy levels.
The default is –3 dB below the commanded power level. Consider lowering this
threshold to see if a cable modem can operate successfully at a lower power level.
See the JUNOSg Software Configuration Guide: Interfaces,
Cable, Policy, and Routing and Routing Protocol for
important information about changing the minimum
power level. Setting the value too low can lead to improper
CMTS behavior.
! RF plant issues in the downstream prevent the cable modem from receiving unicast
upstream bandwidth allocation MAP messages that define periodic ranging
opportunities (station maintenance) for the cable modem. In this case, the cable modem
will time out and reinitialize its MAC, causing it to drop offline.
! RF plant issues in the return path prevent the CMTS from receiving ranging request
(RNG-REQ) messages, in which case the CMTS will not provide ranging response
(RNG-RSP) messages. In this case, the cable modem will time out and reinitialize its
MAC, causing it to drop offline.
! Significant frequency error is being introduced by the frequency stacking multiplexer
(sometimes called block upconversion) in the return path.
! Frequency stability within the cable modem is degraded.
High IM, SM, and FAdj values in the flap list can be an indication of HFC plant issues that
The local event log might contain events that explain why a cable modem has been
deranged. Issue the show log cable command to see the local event log.
Issue the show cable modem ranging-statistics command to view ranging statistics that
might provide insight into ranging issues.
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HFC Plant Related Issues
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Cable Modem Throughput is Slow
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If the throughput of a cable modem seems slow, the cause might be one or more of the
following:
! HFC plant issues, such as impulse noise or ingress, that corrupt upstream burst
transmissions from the cable modem. A high CERavg value or a low MERavg value in the
flap list is indicative of this. Uncorrectable codewords cause packets to be dropped by
the CMTS, which reduces the cable modem throughput.
If the CER value is high, but the CERavg value is low, this suggests that burst noise is
occurring, but its duration is too short to render a codeword uncorrectable. However, you
should investigate the source of the noise as part of your preventive HFC plant
maintenance routine.
! HFC plant issues, such as impulse noise, that corrupt downstream transmissions to the
cable modem. Increasing the depth of the interleaver can increase the amount of burst
protection in the downstream. For example, the default interleaver depth using 64QAM
modulation provides 5.9 microseconds of burst protection. You can increase the burst
protection to 12, 24, 47, or 95 microseconds. Be aware that increasing the interleaver
depth increases the latency of the transmission.
In general, a number of HFC-related issues can be responsible for the receipt of uncorrectable
the presence of these issues.
Issuing one or more of the following commands can provide you with additional insight into
HFC-related issues that affect cable modem performance:
! show cable modem errors
! show cable modem flap
! show cable modem physical-statistics
! show cable modem remote-query
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CRhepalapcetmeentrPr9ocedures
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This chapter discusses the following topics related to the removal and replacement of CMTS
hardware components:
Before replacing a power supply or any module from the
CMTS, attach one end of an ESD ground strap to your wrist
and attach the other end to the ESD ground strap jack on
Power Supplies
The G10 CMTS can operate in a power redundant or non-redundant configuration. Power
redundancy consists of redundant power supplies, power transition modules, and power
sources:
! Power supplies—The G10 CMTS can accommodate up to ten power supplies within
domains A and B.
! Power transition modules—All G10 CMTS systems are shipped with two power transition
modules installed in each of the two domains to implement power transition module
redundancy. This also facilitates power source redundancy.
! Power sources—Each power transition module must be powered by sources on different
circuits to implement power source redundancy.
When operating in a power-redundant configuration, a single power-related component can
fail without affecting the operation of the CMTS. However, because the CMTS is no longer
operating as a redundant system, we recommend that you replace the faulty component as
soon as possible. The component can be hot-swapped without powering down the CMTS.
To determine if a power supply has faulted, check the status of the power supply LEDs. If the
Power LED is not illuminate green, or if the Fault LED is illuminated, take the appropriate
Replacement Procedures
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Power Supplies
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If the CMTS is not operating in a power-redundant configuration, a fault with a single
power-related component might cause the CMTS to shut down.
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If a fault does occur within a non-redundant configuration,
we strongly recommended that you immediately switch
off the power to the CMTS for safety purposes.
In the case of AC power, you switch off the power by pressing the rocker switch on the AC
power transition module to the off (O) position. In the case of DC power, the DC power
transition module does not contain a power switch. We recommend that you switch off the
DC power before removing the DC power cord from the DC power transition module
terminal block. Once the power is switched off, you can safely replace the faulty component.
Remove Power Supplies
The power supplies in the G10 CMTS are hot-swappable, which means that the system can
remain powered up while a power supply is being removed or installed.
Before you hot-swap a power supply, ensure at least five
operating power supplies remain in the chassis after you
remove the faulty power supply. Otherwise, power down
the CMTS before removing the faulty power supply.
The following procedure describes the steps required for removing a power supply:
1. Remove the power supply faceplate by pulling the flanges on each side of the faceplate
away from the chassis until the faceplate ball studs are removed from the power supply
faceplate clips.
2. Loosen the upper and lower retainer screws of the power supply.
3. Press down on the ejector release while simultaneously pulling the ejector away from the
approximately 45° from the faceplate. The power supply is physically and electrically
removed from its connector on the midplane.
4. Slowly slide the power supply out of its bay until it is fully removed from the system
5. If you are not replacing the power supply, you must install a power supply filler panel to
cover the empty power supply bay. Align the panel over the bay opening so that the two
self-contained screws are on the left side of the panel when installed in the chassis (see
Figure 5 on page 12). Apply 3 in-lb of torque to each of the two screws.
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Power Supplies
6. Replace the power supply faceplate by aligning its four ball studs with the four power
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supply faceplate clips and pressing the faceplate towards the chassis until it snaps into
place.
The power supply faceplate and power supply filler panels
must be installed before you power on the G10 CMTS to
ensure that proper air ventilation occurs throughout the
chassis, and to reduce EMI emissions.
Figure 44: Power Supply Removal
3
1
2
Replacement Procedures
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Fan Trays
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Fan Trays
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To maintain an internal temperature below the maximum operating temperature of the G10
CMTS, all fan trays must be fully functional. If any of the fan trays fails, you must replace it as
soon as possible to ensure the CMTS remains operational.
You can detect a fan tray failure by any of following indicators:
! A fan tray LED is illuminated red.
! If enabled, an entry was written the local event log.
! If enabled, an SNMP message was sent to the NMS indicating a fan failure.
! The display produced by issuing the show chassis environment command shows a fan
speed of 0 RPM.
! If enabled, an SNMP message was sent to the NMS indicating the temperature of the
CMTS exceeded the temperature high threshold. This might also indicate the ambient
temperature is rising.
Replace a Fan Tray
If a fan tray LED is illuminated red, one or more fans in that tray has failed and you must
replace the fan tray. The fan trays are hot-swappable, which means you can remove and
install them while the system is powered on.
If a fan tray fails to the point where inadequate air ventilation flows through the chassis, the
Chassis Control Module might power down the system if the temperature within the chassis
exceeds the threshold considered safe for system operation.
! All fans within a fan tray contain top and bottom grills
to provide protection during removal and installation.
Nevertheless, take care when inserting your hand
anywhere in the vicinity of an operating fan.
! Operating the G10 CMTS without fully functional fan
trays might cause irreparable damage or reduce the
life of one or more modules in the system. After
removing a fan tray, you must immediately install its
replacement.
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Fan Trays
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Front Fan Trays
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1. Remove the air intake faceplate by pulling the flanges on each side of the faceplate away
from the chassis until the faceplate ball studs are removed from the air intake faceplate
clips.
2. Each fan tray is held into place by a front fan tray retainer that resides on hinges. The
retainer contains a spring-loaded plunger that mates with the chassis when the retainer
is locked into position. To unlock the retainer, pull down on its plunger and swing it away
from the chassis until it comes to rest.
3. Grab the fan tray directly underneath the flange that houses its LED and slowly pull the
and an empty front fan tray bay in the chassis (the front fan tray retainer is not shown in
the empty bay and the air intake faceplate clips are not shown in either bay).
4. Align the edges of the fan tray replacement within the chassis fan tray rails. Ensure that
the fan tray edges are not seated above or below the rails, but are within the rails.
5. Slowly slide the fan tray completely into its bay until its power connector mates with its
corresponding midplane power connector. You should be able to see and hear the fans
operating within the tray.
6. You must return the front fan tray retainer to its locked position by pulling down on its
plunger, swinging the retainer toward the chassis, and releasing its plunger so that it
mates with the chassis. If the plunger cannot mate with the chassis, the fan tray is not
fully installed into its bay.
7. Replace the air intake faceplate by aligning its four ball studs with the four air intake
faceplate clips and pressing the faceplate towards the chassis until it snaps into place.
Rear Fan Tray
1. Loosen the eight self-contained screws that fasten the rear fan tray to the chassis.
2. Grasp the handles on each side of the fan tray and slowly pull the tray out of its bay until
it is fully removed from the system.
3. Align the fan tray replacement within the chassis. The rear fan tray flanges in the chassis
assure proper alignment within the bay.
4. Slowly slide the fan tray completely into its bay until its power connector mates with its
corresponding midplane power connector. You should be able to see and hear the fans
operating within the tray.
5. Manually fasten the eight self-contained screws of the rear fan tray to the chassis, then
apply 4 in-lb of torque to each of the eight screws.
Replacement Procedures
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Fan Trays
•
Figure 45: Front Fan Tray Replacement
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Retainer
Plunger
Fan Tray
Rail
Front Fan
Tray Retainer
Fan Tray
Rail
Midplane
Power
Connector
Front Fan
Tray
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Fan Trays
Figure 46: Rear Fan Tray Replacement
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DS 0
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DS 2
DS 3
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DS 3
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US 3
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Eth
Eth0
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Eth0
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Midplane
Power
Connector
Midplane
Power
Connector
Fan Tray
Flange
Fan Tray
Flange
Rear Fan
Tray
Replacement Procedures
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Module Removal
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Module Removal
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This section discussions the following procedures for card module removal:
Remove a DOCSIS Module
The DOCSIS Module is hot-swappable, so you can remove it or install it while the CMTS is
powered on.
If a DOCSIS Module is being hot-swapped, this procedure
assumes you have moved all services supported by that
module to another DOCSIS Module.
1. Loosen the two retainer screws.
One of the ejector releases on the DOCSIS Module
activates a microswitch that signals the module to
condition itself for hot-swapping.
3. After the Hot Swap LED is illuminated, simultaneously pull the ejectors away from the
module faceplate. The ejectors should rest at approximately 45° from the faceplate. At
this point, the module is physically and electrically removed from its connectors on the
midplane.
4. Slowly slide the module out of its slot until it is fully removed from the system.
5. Insert the module into an anti-static bag, being careful to avoid directly touching any
component on the module. We recommend that you handle the module by its card
edges or ejectors.
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Module Removal
6. If the module will not be replaced, you must install an air management module in its
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place. Tighten the two retainer screws on the air management module by applying 3
in-lb of torque to each screw.
You must install air management modules and air
management panels in all empty slots while operating the
G10 CMTS to ensure that proper air ventilation occurs
throughout the chassis, and to reduce EMI emissions.
Figure 47: DOCSIS Module Removal
1
2
3
2
1
Replacement Procedures
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Module Removal
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Remove an HFC Connector Module or SIM
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The HFC Connector Module and the SIM are hot-swappable, so you can remove them or
install them while the CMTS is powered on.
1. Disconnect all cables that are attached to the module ports. If appropriate, tag each cable
with its corresponding module port.
2. Loosen the two retainer screws.
page 169).
4. Simultaneously pull the ejectors away from the module faceplate. The ejectors should
rest at approximately 45° from their locked position. At this point, the module is
physically and electrically removed from its connectors on the midplane.
5. Slowly slide the module out of its slot until it is fully removed from the system.
6. Insert the module into an anti-static bag, being careful to avoid directly touching any
component on the module. We recommend that you handle the module by its card
edges or ejectors.
7. If the module will not be replaced, you must install an air management panel in its
place. Tighten the two retainer screws on the air management panel by applying 3 in-lb
of torque to each screw.
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Module Removal
Figure 48: HFC Connector Module Removal
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Remove a Chassis Control Module
The Chassis Control Module is hot-swappable. However, if you hot-swap the Chassis Control
Module, all services supported by the CMTS are lost because the CMTS cannot operate
without the Chassis Control Module.
To remove a Chassis Control Module, follow this procedure:
1. Stop the CMTS software by issuing the request system halt command:
user@host> request system halt
2. Power down the CMTS.
Replacement Procedures
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Module Removal
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Remove a Hard Disk Module
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To remove a Hard Disk Module, follow this procedure:
1. Stop the CMTS software by issuing the request system halt command:
user@host> request system halt
2. Power down the CMTS.
Remove a NIC Module
The NIC Module is hot-swappable, so you can remove it or install it while the CMTS is
powered on. To remove a NIC Module, follow the same procedure described in “Remove a
Remove a NIC Access Module
The NIC Access Module is hot-swappable, so you can remove it or install it while the CMTS is
powered on. To remove a NIC Access Module, follow the same procedure described in
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172
AApgepncey CnerdtifiicxatioAns
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This appendix lists agency compliance and certifications for the G10 CMTS.
Safety
! UL 60950 (US, Canada)
! This equipment is intended only for installation in a
restricted access location within a building.
! This equipment is intended for indoor use only.
! This equipment does not have a direct copper
connection to the outside plant.
! Removal of power supplies or cards will result in
access to hazardous energy.
! Each power cord must be connected to an
independent branch circuit.
! Product connected to two power sources. Disconnect
both power sources before servicing.
Risk of explosion if battery is replaced by an incorrect
type. Dispose of used batteries according to the
instructions.
! EN 60950 (Europe)
Agency Certifications
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Agency Certifications
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EMC
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! FCC Part 15, Class A (US)
This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules.
Operation is subject to the following two conditions:
(1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and
(2) this device must accept any interference received,
including interference that may cause undesired operation.
! ICES–003, Class A (Canada)
! EN 55022, Class A (Europe)
Immunity
! EN 55024
! EN 61000–4–2 (ESD)
! EN 61000–4–3 (RF Field, AM)
! EN 61000–4–4 (EFT)
! EN 61000–4–5 (Surge)
! EN 61000–4–6 (RF Conducted Continuous)
! EN 61000–4–11 (Voltage Dips and Interrupts)
! EN 61000–3–3 (Flicker)
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ARpadpioeFrnequdenicxy (RBF) Specifications
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DOCSIS Radio Frequency Interface Specification, SP-RFI-I05-991105. For the complete
DOCSIS specifications, see the appropriate CableLabs document.
This appendix contains the following tables:
Radio Frequency (RF) Specifications
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Radio Frequency (RF) Specifications
•
Table 47: Downstream RF Channel Transmission Characteristics
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Parameter
Value
Frequency range
Cable system normal downstream operating range is from 50 MHz to as
high as 860 MHz. However, the values in this table apply only at frequencies
>= 88 MHz.
RF channel spacing (design bandwidth)
6 MHz
Transit delay from headend to most distant customer
Carrier-to-noise ratio in a 6-MHz band (analog video level)
<= 0.800 msec (typically much less)
Not less than 35 dB4
Carrier-to-interference ratio for total power (discrete and broadband ingress Not less than 35 dB within the design bandwidth
signals)
Composite triple beat distortion for analog modulated carriers
Composite second order distortion for analog odulated carriers
Cross-modulation level
Not greater than -50 dBc within the design bandwidth
Not greater than -50 dBc within the design bandwidth
Not greater than -40 dBc within the design bandwidth
0.5 dB within the design bandwidth
Amplitude ripple
Group delay ripple in the spectrum occupied by the CMTS
Micro-reflections bound for dominant echo
75 ns within the design bandwidth
-10 dBc @ <= 0.5 m sec, -15 dBc @ <= 1.0 m sec
-20 dBc @ <= 1.5 m sec, -30 dBc @ > 1.5 m sec
Carrier hum modulation
Not greater than -26 dBc (5%)
Burst noise
Not longer than 25 m sec at a 10 Hz average rate
Seasonal and diurnal signal level variation
Signal level slope, 50-750 MHz
8 dB
16 dB
Maximum analog video carrier level at the CM input, inclusive of above
signal level variation
17 dBmV
Lowest analog video carrier level at the CM input, inclusive of above signal -5 dBmV
level variation
1. Transmission is from the headend combiner to the CM input at the customer location.
2. For measurements above the normal downstream operating frequency band (except hum), impairments are referenced to the
highest-frequency NTSC carrier level.
3. For hum measurements above the normal downstream operating frequency band, a continuous-wave carrier is sent at the test frequency
at the same level as the highest-frequency NTSC carrier.
4. This presumes that the digital carrier is operated at analog peak carrier level. When the digital carrier is operated below the analog peak
carrier level, this C/N may be less.
5. Measurement methods defined in [NCTA] or [CableLabs2].
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Radio Frequency (RF) Specifications
Table 48: Upstream RF Channel Transmission Characteristics
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Parameter
Value
Frequency range
5 to 42 MHz edge to edge
Transit delay from the most distant CM to the nearest
CM or CMTS
<= 0.800 msec (typically much less)
Carrier-to-noise ratio
Not less than 25 dB
Not less than 25 dB2
Carrier-to-ingress power (the sum of discrete and
broadband ingress signals) ratio
Carrier- to-interference (the sum of noise, distortion, common-path
distortion and cross-modulation) ratio
Not less than 25 dB
Carrier hum modulation
Burst noise
Not greater than -23 dBc (7.0%)
Not longer than 10 msec at a 1 kHz average rate for most cases3,4,5
5-42 MHz: 0.5 dB/MHz
Amplitude ripple
Group delay ripple
Micro-reflections -- single echo
5-42 MHz: 200 ns/MHz
-10 dBc @ <= 0.5 m sec
-20 dBc @ <= 1.0 m sec
-30 dBc @ > 1.0 m sec
Seasonal and diurnal signal level variation
Not greater than 8 dB min to max
1. Transmission is from the CM output at the customer location to the headend.
2. Ingress avoidance or tolerance techniques MAY be used to ensure operation in the presence of time-varying discrete ingress signals that
could be as high as 0 dBc [CableLabs1].
3. Amplitude and frequency characteristics sufficiently strong to partially or wholly mask the data carrier.
4. CableLabs report containing distribution of return-path burst noise measurements and measurement method is forthcoming.
5. Impulse noise levels more prevalent at lower frequencies (< 15 MHz).
Radio Frequency (RF) Specifications
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Radio Frequency (RF) Specifications
•
Table 49: Downstream RF Signal Output Characteristics
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Parameter
Center Frequency (fc)
Level
Value
91 to 857 MHz
30 kHz1
Adjustable over the range 50 to 61 dBmV
Symbol Rate (nominal)
64QAM
256QAM
5.056941 Msym/sec
5.360537 Msym/sec
Nominal Channel Spacing
6 MHz
Frequency response
64QAM
256QAM
~18% Square Root Raised Cosine shaping
~12% Square Root Raised Cosine shaping
Total Discrete Spurious Inband (fc
3 MHz)
< -57dBc
Inband Spurious and Noise (fc
3 MHz)
< -48dBc; where channel spurious and noise includes all discrete spurious,
noise, carrier leakage, clock lines, synthesizer products, and other undesired
transmitter products. Noise within +/- 50kHz of the carrier is excluded.
Adjacent channel (fc
Adjacent channel (fc
3.0 MHz) to (fc
3.75 MHz)
9 MHz)
< -58 dBc in 750 kHz
3.75 MHz) to (fc
< -62 dBc, in 5.25 MHz, excluding up to 3 spurs, each of which must be
<-60 dBc when measured in a 10 kHz band
Next adjacent channel (fc
9 MHz) to (fc
15 MHz)
Less than the greater of -65 dBc or -12dBmV in 6MHz, excluding up to three
discrete spurs. The total power in the spurs must be < -60dBc when each is
measured with 10 kHz bandwidth.
Other channels (47 MHz to 1,000 MHz)
Phase Noise
< -12dBmV in each 6 MHz channel, excluding up to three discrete spurs. The
total power in the spurs must be < -60dBc when each is measured with
10kHz bandwidth.
1 kHz - 10 kHz: -33dBc double sided noise power
10 kHz - 50 kHz: -51dBc double sided noise power
50 kHz - 3 MHz: -51dBc double sided noise power
Output Impedance
Output Return Loss
75 ohms
> 14 dB within an output channel up to 750 MHz;
> 13 dB in an output channel above 750 MHz
Connector
F connector per [IPS-SP-406]
1.
30 kHz includes an allowance of 25 kHz for the largest FCC frequency offset normally built into upconverters.
Table 50: DOCSIS Downstream Channel Rates and Spacing
Nominal Symbol Rate
(Msym/sec)
Nominal Channel Spacing
(kHz)
6000
6000
Bit Rate (bps)
30,341,646
5.056941 (64QAM)
5.360537 (256QAM)
42,884,296
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Radio Frequency (RF) Specifications
Table 51: DOCSIS Maximum Upstream Channel Rates and Widths
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Symbol Rate
(ksym/sec)
Channel Width
(kHz)
Bit-rate/sec
(QPSK)
Bit-rate/sec
(16QAM)
1
160
200
320,000
640,000
320
400
640,000
1,280,000
2,560,000
5,120,000
10,240,000
640
800
1,280,000
2,560,000
5,120,000
1,280
2,560
1,600
3,200
1. Channel width is the -30 dB bandwidth.
Radio Frequency (RF) Specifications
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Radio Frequency (RF) Specifications
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JUNOSg 3.0 G10 CMTS Hardware Guide
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180
AEpIApCheannnedl Pilaxns C
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•
•
•
•
•
•
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Carrier), and HRC (Harmonically Related Carrier) frequency plans.
calculate the DOCSIS center frequency.
Table 52: EIA Channel Plan
Channel
T-7
STD
IRC
HRC
7.0000
13.0000
19.0000
25.0000
31.0000
37.0000
43.0000
T-8
T-9
T-10
T-11
T-12
T-13
1 / A-8
2
73.2625
55.2625
61.2625
72.0036
54.0027
60.0030
66.0033
78.0039
84.0042
174.0087
180.0090
186.0093
192.0096
198.0099
204.0102
210.0105
120.0060
126.0063
132.0066
138.0069
144.0072
150.0075
55.2500
3
61.2500
4
67.2500
67.2625
79.2625
85.2625
175.2625
181.2625
187.2625
193.2625
199.2625
205.2625
211.2625
121.2625
127.2625
133.2625
139.2625
145.2625
151.2625
5 / A-7
6 / A-6
7
77.2500
83.2500
175.2500
181.2500
187.2500
193.2500
199.2500
205.2500
211.2500
121.2625
127.2625
133.2625
139.2500
145.2500
151.2500
8
9
10
11
12
13
14 / A
15 / B
16 / C
17 / D
18 / E
19 / F
EIA Channel Plans
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EIA Channel Plans
•
Channel
20 / G
STD
IRC
HRC
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•
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•
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•
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•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
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•
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•
•
157.2500
163.2500
169.2500
217.2500
223.2500
229.2625
235.2625
241.2625
247.2625
253.2625
259.2625
265.2625
271.2625
277.2625
283.2625
289.2625
295.2625
301.2625
307.2625
313.2625
319.2625
325.2625
331.2750
337.2625
343.2625
349.2625
355.2625
361.2625
367.2625
373.2625
379.2625
385.2625
391.2625
397.2625
403.2500
409.2500
415.2500
421.2500
427.2500
433.2500
439.2500
445.2500
451.2500
157.2625
163.2625
169.2625
217.2625
223.2625
229.2625
235.2625
241.2625
247.2625
253.2625
259.2625
265.2625
271.2625
277.2625
283.2625
289.2625
295.2625
301.2625
307.2625
313.2625
319.2625
325.2625
331.2750
337.2625
343.2625
349.2625
355.2625
361.2625
367.2625
373.2625
379.2625
385.2625
391.2625
397.2625
403.2625
409.2625
415.2625
421.2625
427.2625
433.2625
439.2625
445.2625
451.2625
156.0078
162.0081
168.0084
216.0108
222.0111
228.0114
234.0117
240.0120
246.0123
252.0126
258.0129
264.0132
270.0135
276.0138
282.0141
288.0144
294.0147
300.0150
306.0153
312.0156
318.0159
324.0162
330.0165
336.0168
342.0171
348.0174
354.0177
360.0180
366.0183
372.0186
378.0189
384.0192
390.0195
396.0198
402.0201
408.0204
414.0207
420.0210
426.0213
432.0216
438.0219
444.0222
450.0225
21 / H
22 / I
23 / J
24 / K
25 / L
26 / M
27 / N
28 / O
29 / P
30 / Q
31 / R
32 / S
33 / T
34 / U
35 / V
36 / W
37 / AA
38 / BB
39 / CC
40 / DD
41 / EE
42 / FF
43 / GG
44 / HH
45 / II
46 / JJ
47 / KK
48 / LL
49 / MM
50 / NN
51 / OO
52 / PP
53 / QQ
54 / RR
55 / SS
56 / TT
57 / UU
58 / VV
59 / WW
60 / XX
61 / YY
62 / ZZ
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182
EIA Channel Plans
•
Channel
63 / AAA
64 / BBB
65 / CCC
66 / DDD
67 / EEE
68 / FFF
69 / GGG
70 / HHH
71 / III
STD
IRC
HRC
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•
457.2500
463.2500
469.2500
475.2500
481.2500
487.2500
493.2500
499.2500
505.2500
511.2500
517.2500
523.2500
529.2500
535.2500
541.2500
547.2500
553.2500
559.2500
565.2500
571.2500
577.2500
583.2500
589.2500
595.2500
601.2500
607.2500
613.2500
619.2500
625.2500
631.2500
637.2500
643.2500
91.2500
457.2625
463.2625
469.2625
475.2625
481.2625
487.2625
493.2625
499.2625
505.2625
511.2625
517.2625
523.2625
529.2625
535.2625
541.2625
547.2625
553.2625
559.2625
565.2625
571.2625
577.2625
583.2625
589.2625
595.2625
601.2625
607.2625
613.2625
619.2625
625.2625
631.2625
637.2625
643.2625
91.2625
456.0228
462.0231
468.0234
474.0237
480.0240
486.0243
492.0246
498.0249
504.0252
510.0255
516.0258
522.0261
528.0264
534.0267
540.0270
546.0273
552.0276
558.0279
564.0282
570.0285
576.0288
582.0291
588.0294
594.0297
600.0300
606.0303
612.0306
618.0309
624.0312
630.0315
636.0318
642.0321
90.0045
72 / JJJ
73 / KKK
74 / LLL
75 / MMM
76 / NNN
77 / OOO
78 / PPP
79 / QQQ
80 / RRR
81 / SSS
82 / TTT
83 / UUU
84 / VVV
85 / WWW
86 / XXX
87 / YYY
88 / ZZZ
89
90
91
92
93
94
95 / A-5
96 / A-4
97 / A-3
98 / A-2
99 / A-1
100
97.2500
97.2625
96.0048
103.2500
109.2750
115.2750
649.2500
655.2500
661.2500
667.2500
673.2500
679.2500
103.2625
109.2750
115.2750
649.2625
655.2625
661.2625
667.2625
673.2625
679.2625
102.0051
108.0054
114.0057
648.0324
654.0327
660.0330
666.0333
672.0336
678.0339
101
102
103
104
105
EIA Channel Plans
183
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EIA Channel Plans
•
Channel
106
107
108
109
110
STD
IRC
HRC
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•
685.2500
691.2500
697.2500
703.2500
709.2500
715.2500
721.2500
727.2500
733.2500
739.2500
745.2500
751.2500
757.2500
763.2500
769.2500
775.2500
781.2500
787.2500
793.2500
799.2500
805.2500
811.2500
817.2500
823.2500
829.2500
835.2500
841.2500
847.2500
853.2500
859.2500
865.2500
871.2500
877.2500
883.2500
889.2500
895.2500
901.2500
907.2500
913.2500
919.2500
925.2500
931.2500
937.2500
685.2625
691.2625
697.2625
703.2625
709.2625
715.2625
721.2625
727.2625
733.2625
739.2625
745.2625
751.2625
757.2625
763.2625
769.2625
775.2625
781.2625
787.2625
793.2625
799.2625
805.2625
811.2625
817.2625
823.2625
829.2625
835.2625
841.2625
847.2625
853.2625
859.2625
865.2625
871.2625
877.2625
883.2625
889.2625
895.2625
901.2625
907.2625
913.2625
919.2625
925.2625
931.2625
937.2625
684.0342
690.0345
696.0348
702.0351
708.0354
714.0357
720.0360
726.0363
732.0366
738.0369
744.0372
750.0375
756.0378
762.0381
768.0384
774.0387
780.0390
786.0393
792.0396
798.0399
804.0402
810.0405
816.0408
822.0411
828.0414
834.0417
840.0420
846.0423
852.0426
858.0429
864.0432
870.0435
876.0438
882.0441
888.0444
894.0447
900.0450
906.0453
912.0456
918.0459
924.0462
930.0465
936.0468
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
JUNOSg 3.0 G10 CMTS Hardware Guide
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184
EIA Channel Plans
•
Channel
149
STD
IRC
HRC
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•
943.2500
949.2500
955.2500
961.2500
967.2500
973.2500
979.2500
985.2500
991.2500
997.2500
1003.250
943.2625
949.2625
955.2625
961.2625
967.2625
973.2625
979.2625
985.2625
991.2625
997.2625
1003.2625
942.0471
948.0474
954.0477
960.0480
966.0483
972.0486
978.0489
984.0492
990.0495
996.0498
1002.0501
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
EIA Channel Plans
185
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EIA Channel Plans
•
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•
JUNOSg 3.0 G10 CMTS Hardware Guide
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JUNOSg 3.0 G10 CMTS Hardware Guide
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188
Index
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Ethernet management port
console port
counter
DOCSIS
ESD
JUNOSg 3.0 G10 CMTS Hardware Guide
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Index
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LED
ports
power
Index
191
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Index
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Routing Engine
power receptacle
software, JUNOSg
redundant protection
JUNOSg 3.0 G10 CMTS Hardware Guide
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Index
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Index
193
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Index
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JUNOSg 3.0 G10 CMTS Hardware Guide
194
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