JAI Webcam TM 1400 User Manual
TM-1400 Series Progressive Scan Shutter Cameras  
O p e r a t i o n M a n u a l  
69-0115  
Rev. C  
I m a g i n g P r o d u c t s  
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Page ii  
Table of Contents  
1
2
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1  
1.1 Product Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1  
1.2 Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2  
1.3 Functional Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3  
1.4 System Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4  
Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5  
2.1 Getting Started . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5  
2.1.1  
2.1.2  
2.1.3  
Unpacking Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5  
Components List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5  
Accessories and Options. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5  
2.2 Camera Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5  
2.2.1  
2.2.2  
2.2.3  
2.2.4  
2.2.5  
2.2.6  
2.2.7  
2.2.8  
2.2.9  
Heat Dissipation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5  
Connector Pin Configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6  
Shutter Speed Control Dial (TM-1400 only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9  
RS-232 Communication Cable (TM-1400 only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9  
Digital Output Cable (TM-1400 only). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10  
Camera Link Cable (CL Versions Only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11  
Power Supplies and Power Cable Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11  
Attaching the Analog Video Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13  
Attaching the Camera Lens. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13  
3
Operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14  
3.1 Camera Rear Panel (TM-1400) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14  
3.1.1  
3.1.2  
3.1.3  
3.1.4  
3.1.5  
3.1.6  
Up/Down Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14  
Digital Output Connector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14  
Analog Output Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14  
Power, RS-232, and External Sync Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14  
Shutter Speed Control Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14  
Mode Selection Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14  
3.2 Camera Rear Panel (CL Versions) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16  
3.2.1  
3.2.2  
3.2.3  
Digital Output Connector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16  
Analog Output Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16  
Power and External Sync Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16  
3.3 Progressive Scanning. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16  
3.4 Electronic Shutter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17  
3.5 Asynchronous Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17  
3.5.1  
3.5.2  
External VINIT With Pulse Width. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17  
Internal Shutter Speed Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18  
3.6 Dynamic Range Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19  
3.6.1  
Programmable Look-Up Table (LUT) and Knee Control . . . . . . . . . . .19  
3.7 Scan Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20  
3.7.1  
3.7.2  
Full Progressive Scan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20  
Partial Scan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20  
3.8 External Sync . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20  
3.9 Bayer Color Filter (Color Versions). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20  
3.9.1  
3.9.2  
3.9.3  
3.9.4  
3.9.5  
3.9.6  
3.9.7  
Color Filter Array . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21  
Bayer Color Filter Array (CFA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21  
Starting Pixel Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22  
Sync and Data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22  
Camera Functions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23  
Interpolation Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24  
Color Interpolation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24  
3.10 Camera Timing Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25  
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Page iii  
Table of Contents  
3.11 Serial Communication Kit CS-232C  
(not required for “CL” version) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31  
4
5
Troubleshooting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32  
4.1 Problems and Solutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32  
4.1.1  
4.1.2  
4.1.3  
Symptom: No Video . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32  
Symptom: Dark Video . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32  
Symptom: Non-Synchronized Video . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32  
4.2 Information and Support Resources. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33  
Appendix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34  
5.1 Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34  
5.2 Physical Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35  
5.3 Spectral Response . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36  
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Page v  
List of Figures  
FIGURE 1.  
FIGURE 2.  
FIGURE 3.  
FIGURE 4.  
FIGURE 5.  
FIGURE 6.  
FIGURE 7.  
FIGURE 8.  
FIGURE 9.  
FIGURE 10.  
FIGURE 11.  
TM-1400 System Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4  
TM-1400CL System Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4  
12-Pin Connector on Rear Panel of Camera . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6  
31-Pin Digital Connector on Rear Panel of Camera (TM-1400 only) . . . . . . . 7  
Serial Communication Cable RS-232B-12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9  
Pinout Configuration for Digital Output Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10  
12P-02S Interface Cable (optional) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12  
Pulse Width Async Shutter Timing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18  
Physical Dimensions (TM-1400) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35  
Physical Dimensions (TM-1400CL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36  
Spectral Response. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36  
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Page iv  
List of Tables  
TABLE 1.  
TABLE 2.  
TABLE 3.  
TABLE 4.  
TABLE 5.  
TABLE 6.  
TABLE 7.  
TABLE 8.  
12-Pin Connector (TM-1400). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6  
12-Pin Connector (TM-1400CL). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6  
31-Pin Connector (MP211-031-113-4300) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7  
Connector Pinout Configurations (10226-6212 VC). . . . . . . . . . 8  
Shutter Speed Control Dial. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9  
Mode Selection Switch. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15  
Frame Grabber Interpolation Software List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24  
TM-1400 Series Product Specifications Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34  
TM-1400 Series Progressive Scan Shutter Cameras  
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May 2, 2005  
TM-1400 Series Progressive Scan  
Shutter Cameras  
Operation Manual  
1 Introduction  
1.1 Product Description  
*
The PULNiX TM-1400 series consists of high-resolution, high-speed progressive scan CCD cameras.  
The progressive interline-type CCD permits full vertical and horizontal resolution of very high speed  
shutter images and applications. The electronic shutter, which has speeds to 1/16,000 sec., can be reset  
asynchronously by external pulse control. Several frame rates are available: 15, 30, 56, 98 fps. On-chip  
micro lenses provide increased sensitivity.  
The TM-1400 has a full dynamic range control function, which can be set at externally selectable look-  
up-table (LUT) knee slopes to convert 10-bit input to 8-bit output, thereby optimizing the CCD’s full  
dynamic range in the normal output signal range. The camera has an 8-bit, RS-644 digital signal output  
for interfacing with external image-processing systems. All the key functions are externally controlled  
via RS-232C. The TM-1400CL model has a Camera Link output and its key functions are externally  
controlled via differential serial communication of Camera Link.  
Applications for the TM-1400 include machine vision, medical imaging, intelligent transportation  
systems, high-definition graphics, on-line inspection, gauging, character reading, archiving, and high-  
security surveillance.  
*. Unless specifically mentioned, all information in this manual is relevant to all cameras in the TM-  
1400 series, including the TM-1400, TMC-1400, TM-1400CL, and TMC-1400CL.  
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Page 2  
Introduction  
1.2 Features  
•
Miniaturized and lightweight  
The printed circuit boards in the TM-1400 have been arranged based on a design philosophy that  
creates modular electronics for the camera, giving it flexibility. In addition, the use of miniature  
solid-state components results in a compact, lightweight camera that is 44mm x 44mm x 64mm in  
dimensions, and weighs only 138 grams.  
•
Imager  
The TM-1400 uses a progressive scan interline transfer CCD that has the following features:  
- Resolution of 1392 x 1040 active pixels for excellent image quality.  
- 4.65 x 4.65 µm square pixels for precise dimensional measurement.  
- High-speed electronic shutter capability for high dynamic resolution of moving objects and  
electronic iris control that eliminates the need for a mechanical shutter.  
- Progressive scan CCD eliminates interlace deterioration of image and increases ease of  
computer interface.  
- High sensitivity and low noise at fast scanning. The CCD can drive faster than 50 MHz  
pixel clock rate and has an excellent S/N ratio that is greater than 50dB.  
- The CCD for the TM-1400 has built-in microlenses.  
•
Electronic shutter  
The TM-1400 has a substrate drain-type shutter mechanism which provides superb pictures at  
various speeds without smearing. A built-in manual shutter speed control selects the electronic  
shutter rate of 1/60 (non-async mode only), 1/125, 1/250, 1/500, 1/1,000, 1/2,000, 1/4,000, 1/8,000,  
or 1/16,000 second.  
With VINIT high (5V), the CCD keeps discharging. With a negative pulse to VINIT, the camera  
resets and purges the charge momentarily. Then it starts integrating for the period of shutter control  
set by either an external pulse width or internal shutter control. Progressive scanning permits a full  
1040 lines of vertical resolution, as compared to a conventional CCD camera which captures only  
half the vertical lines per shutter.  
•
Asynchronous reset  
The TM-1400’s asynchronous reset is flexible and accepts external horizontal drive (HD) for phase  
locking. When the VINIT pulse is applied, it resets the camera's scanning and purging of the CCD.  
There are two modes to control the asynchronous reset and shutter speed:  
- External VINIT with pulse width. The duration between pulse edges controls the shutter  
speed externally.  
- Internal shutter control mode. The speed control varies from 1/125 to 1/16,000 sec. The  
video signal starts with internal V reset timing related to shutter speed.  
•
•
Output  
The TM-1400 has an 8-bit RS-644 (LVDS) digital output for interfacing with external image-  
processing systems. The TM-1400 camera is also available with RS-422 digital output as an option  
(OP-93). The TM-1400CL has a Camera Link output. The analog output is 1.0 Vp-p composite  
video (75 ohms).  
Asynchronous image capturing  
The TM-1400 captures async reset images and provides single-shot video output with single FDV.  
This makes it simpler for an ordinary frame grabber to capture the async reset images.  
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Page 3  
Introduction  
•
•
Integration  
The TM-1400 is capable of capturing high-resolution integration images. Its CCD imager can be  
exposed for longer than the normal scan timing of 1/30 sec. This integration feature provides extra  
sensitivity for applications in dark environments. The progressive scan imager permits a full frame  
of resolution in non-interlace format. Integration is achieved by controlling pin #11 of the 12-pin  
connector to low (GND) or pulse width control VINIT to pin #6 of the 12-pin connector up to 1  
second.  
Warranty  
Please contact your factory representative for details about the warranty.  
Warning: Unscrewing the camera cover or opening the camera in any  
way will void the warranty unless prior written approval is  
obtained from the factory.  
1.3 Functional Options  
•
•
•
•
Differential input, VINIT (OP89-3).  
Differential input, VD (OP89-4).  
RS-422 (digital) output for the TM-1400 (OP93).  
10 bit output (OP93-1).  
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Page 4  
Introduction  
1.4 System Configuration  
FIGURE 1. TM-1400 System Configuration  
Figure 1 below presents a typical system configuration for the TM-1400 camera.  
UP  
0
0
2
E
D
8 6  
6
5
DOWN  
SHUTTER MODE  
Digital cable  
DIGITAL  
1
9
2
8
10  
3
11  
7
12  
4
6
5
RS-232B-12  
cable in  
CS-232E kit  
VIDEO  
POWER  
BNC cable  
12-pin  
connectors  
analog frame  
grabber  
Computer with  
frame-grabber  
board  
PD-12 (series)  
power supply  
OR  
12P-02S  
Power and  
Ext. Sync  
FIGURE 2. TM-1400CL System Configuration  
Figure 2 below presents a typical system configuration for the TM-1400CL camera.  
26CL-02-26  
CAMERA LINK  
1
9
2
8
10  
3
11  
7
12  
12P-02S  
or  
Power and  
Ext. Sync  
4
6
5
POWER VIDEO  
PD-12P (series)  
power supply  
Analog  
frame grabber  
Computer with  
Camera Link™  
frame grabber  
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Page 5  
Installation  
2 Installation  
The following instructions are provided to help you to set up your camera quickly and easily. We  
suggest that you read through these instructions before you unpack and set up your camera system.  
2.1 Getting Started  
2.1.1 Unpacking Instructions  
We recommend that you save the original packing cartons for the cameras and accessories in case you  
need to return or exchange an item.  
We also recommend that you bench-test any equipment being sent to another location for field  
installation to assure that everything is fully operational as a system.  
2.1.2 Components List  
Please begin by checking your order against the Components List shown below to assure that you have  
received everything as ordered, and that nothing has been overlooked in the packing materials. If any  
item is missing, please contact your JAI PULNiX representative immediately.  
•
•
TM-1400 camera  
Document download card (includes instructions on how to download the necessary documentation  
and software)  
2.1.3 Accessories and Options  
Following is a list of additional accessories and options that may be required for your application.  
Please check with your JAI PULNiX representative before you install your camera to determine what  
you might need.  
•
Digital output cable (not required for “CL” version)  
- 30DG-02 (for standard model only)  
- 26CL-02-26 (for Camera Link model only)  
•
Serial Communication Kit CS-232E (not required for “CL” version)  
Note: For CL models, the control software is included and serial communication is through the  
Camera Link cable. No additional accessories are required.  
•
•
PD-12UUP series power supply  
12P-02S power cable  
2.2 Camera Setup  
2.2.1 Heat Dissipation  
The TM-1400 camera is a compact 1.3K x 1K camera. Since all the electronics have been packed in a  
compact package, the outer case of the camera gets hot due to heat dissipation. JAI PULNiX  
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Page 6  
Installation  
recommends using a cooling fan to set up a positive air flow around the camera, and following the  
precautions below:  
•
•
•
Mount the camera on a large heat sink (camera bracket) made out of a conductive material such as  
aluminum.  
Make sure the flow of heat from the camera case to the bracket is not blocked by a non-conducting  
material like plastic.  
Make sure the camera has enough open space around it to facilitate the free flow of air.  
2.2.2 Connector Pin Configurations  
2.2.2 (a) 12-Pin Connector (TM-1400)  
FIGURE 3. 12-Pin Connector on Rear Panel of Camera  
1
9
2
8
The TM-1400 has a 12-pin Hirose connector for power input, serial  
communication, and signal integration. Pin #1 is Ground and Pin #2 is  
+12V DC. Other pins handle a number of input and output functions,  
as shown in Table 1 below.  
10  
3
7
11  
12  
4
6
5
TABLE 1.  
12-Pin Connector (TM-1400)  
Pin  
1
Description  
GND (power)  
+12V DC  
Pin  
7
Description  
VD In  
2
8
Reserved  
3
GND (analog)  
Video Out  
9
HD In  
4
10  
11  
12  
RXD (RS-232)  
Integration Control/ROI  
TXD (RS-232)  
5
GND (digital)  
VINIT In  
6
2.2.2 (b) 12-Pin Connector (TM-1400CL)  
The TM-1400CL has a 12-pin Hirose connector for power input and signal integration. Pin #1 is Ground  
and pin #2 is +12V DC. The pinout table is shown below. For the TM-1400CL, serial communication  
camera control is done via the MDR26 Camera Link connector on the rear panel of the camera.  
TABLE 2.  
12-Pin Connector (TM-1400CL)  
Pin  
1
Description  
GND (power)  
+12V DC  
Pin  
7
Description  
VD in  
2
8
Reserved  
3
GND (analog)  
Video out  
9
HD in  
4
10  
11  
12  
N/C  
5
GND (digital)  
VINIT in  
Integration Control/ROI  
N/C  
6
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Page 7  
Installation  
2.2.2 (c) Digital Output Connector (TM-1400 only)  
The TM-1400 has a 31-pin AirBorn connector (MP211-031-113-4300) on the rear panel to output 8-bit,  
RS-644 video data. The connector pin-out is shown in the figure below.  
FIGURE 4. 31-Pin Digital Connector on Rear Panel of Camera (TM-1400 only)  
1
16  
17  
31  
Note: CLK: data clock, LDV: Line Data Valid, FDV: Frame Data Valid, INTEG: Integration  
control, EXT CLK: external pixel clock, []: Differential input option.  
TABLE 3.  
31-Pin Connector (MP211-031-113-4300)  
Pin #  
Description  
CLK+  
I/O  
Out  
Out  
Out  
Pin #  
17  
Description  
CLK-  
I/O  
Out  
Out  
Out  
1
2
3
4
LDV+  
18  
LDV-  
FDV+  
19  
FDV-  
GND  
20  
VINIT (TTL)  
[Integ (TTL)]  
In  
In  
5
6
7
EXT HD (TTL)  
[EXT CLK+]  
In  
21  
22  
23  
EXT VD (TTL)  
[EXT CLK-]  
In  
INTEG (TTL)  
[HD+]  
In  
In  
N/C  
[HD-]  
In  
N/C  
GND  
[VINIT+/(VD+)]  
In  
[VINIT-/(VD-)]  
In  
8
D0+  
D1+  
D2+  
D3+  
D4+  
D5+  
D6+  
D7+  
GND  
Out  
Out  
Out  
Out  
Out  
Out  
Out  
Out  
24  
25  
26  
27  
28  
29  
30  
31  
D0-  
D1-  
D2-  
D3-  
D4-  
D5-  
D6-  
D7-  
Out  
Out  
Out  
Out  
Out  
Out  
Out  
Out  
9
10  
11  
12  
13  
14  
15  
16  
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Installation  
2.2.2 (d) Camera Link Connector  
The TM-1400CL has a 26-pin MDR26 connector (3M part number 10226-6212VC) on the rear panel to  
output Camera Link data. The connector pin-out is shown in Table 4 below.  
13  
1
26  
14  
TABLE 4.  
Connector Pinout Configurations (10226-6212 VC)  
Camera Link Connector MDR 26-pin Connector 10226-6212VC  
Pin #  
Description  
GND  
I/O  
Pin #  
14  
Description  
GND  
I/O  
(Shield)  
Out  
Out  
Out  
Out  
Out  
In  
1
2
Tx OUT 0-  
Tx OUT 1-  
Tx OUT 2-  
Tx CLK OUT-  
Tx OUT 3-  
SerTC+  
Out  
Out  
Out  
Out  
Out  
In  
15  
Tx OUT 0+  
Tx OUT 1+  
Tx OUT 2+  
Tx CLK OUT+  
Tx OUT 3+  
SerTC-  
3
16  
4
17  
5
18  
6
19  
7
20  
8
SerTFG-  
Out  
In  
21  
SerTFG+  
Out  
In  
9
VINIT- (CC1-)  
INTEG+ (CC2+)  
EX_HD-  
22  
VINIT+ (CC1+)  
INTEG- (CC2-)  
EX_HD+  
10  
11  
12  
13  
In  
23  
In  
In  
24  
In  
EX_HD+  
In  
25  
EX_HD-  
In  
GND  
26  
GND  
Note: SerTC: Differential Serial Communication to camera;  
SerToFG: Differential Serial Communication to frame grabber.  
2.2.2 (e) Analog Output Connector  
The TM-1400 has a BNC connector on the rear panel  
to output analog video.  
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2.2.3 Shutter Speed Control Dial (TM-1400 only)  
0
Shutter speed can be selected by switching the shutter dial to the  
appropriate setting (0 through 9). The factory default settings correspond  
to the shutter speeds as shown in below.  
1
8
7
2
3
4
5
TABLE 5.  
Shutter Speed Control Dial  
Shutter Exposure Time (Seconds)  
Normal  
no shutter (1/30)  
1/60  
Async  
no shutter (1/30)  
1/16,000  
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1/125  
1/8,000  
1/250  
1/4,000  
1/500  
1/2,000  
1/1,000  
1/2,000  
1/4,000  
1/8,000  
1/16,000  
1/1,000  
1/500  
1/250  
1/125  
Ext. pulse width control  
2.2.4 RS-232 Communication Cable (TM-1400 only)  
FIGURE 5. Serial Communication Cable RS-232B-12  
2000 20mm  
40 3mm  
1925 10mm  
Receptacle  
1
6
9
5
Jack  
The RS-232 controller set CS-232E includes cable RS-232B-12 interface cable, software disk, and a  
quick-start card. The TM-1400 camera’s built-in look-up table (LUT) can be controlled by an external  
RS-232 interface. The camera settings can be programmed or changed using the communication cable  
and software. Commands from the RS-232 interface will override the rear panel switch settings of the  
camera. Please refer to the AccuPiXEL Series Camera-Control Software manual for details on the  
graphical user interface.  
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Installation  
2.2.5 Digital Output Cable (TM-1400 only)  
Male  
1
20  
Female  
1
17  
31  
16  
25.0mm  
1.00 in  
19  
37  
78.74 in (2 meters)  
The TM-1400 camera uses the cable 30DG-02 from JAI PULNiX as a digital output cable. This cable  
has a 31-pin AirBorn connector on the camera end and a 37-pin D-sub male connector on the other end.  
Contact your JAI PULNiX representative regarding availability of interface cables for specific frame  
grabber models. Pinout configuration for the digital cable is shown below.  
FIGURE 6. Pinout Configuration for Digital Output Cable  
FROM 31 PIN CONN  
TO 37 PIN CONN  
WIRE COLOR  
FROM 31 PIN CONN)  
TO 37 PIN CONN  
WIRE COLOR  
PIN 1 CLK+  
PIN 2 LDV+  
PIN 3 FDV+  
PIN 4 GND  
PIN 5 HD  
PIN 1 CLK+  
PIN 2 LDV+  
PIN 3 FDV+  
PIN 16 GND  
ORG  
GRY  
WHT  
YLW  
PNK  
ORG  
GRY  
WHT  
YLW  
PNK  
ORG  
GRY  
WHT  
YEL  
1RED  
1RED  
1RED  
1RED  
1RED  
2RED  
2RED  
2RED  
2RED  
2RED  
3RED  
3RED  
3RED  
3RED  
3RED  
PIN 21 VD  
PIN 22 N/C  
PIN 23 GND  
PNK  
ORG  
GRY  
1BLU  
2BLU  
2BLU  
PIN 18 NC  
PIN 23 GND  
PIN 24 DØ-  
PIN 25 D1-  
PIN 26 D2-  
PIN 27 D3-  
PIN 28 D4-  
PIN 29 D5-  
PIN 30 D6-  
PIN 31 D7-  
PIN 27 DØ-  
PIN 28 D1-  
PIN 29 D2-  
PIN 30 D3-  
PIN 31 D4-  
PIN 32 D5-  
PIN 33 D6-  
PIN 34 D7-  
WHT  
YLW  
PNK  
ORG  
GRY  
WHT  
YLW  
PNK  
2BLU  
2BLU  
2BLU  
3BLU  
3BLU  
3BLU  
3BLU  
3BLU  
PIN 6 INTEG  
PIN 7 N/C  
PIN 8 DØ+  
PIN 9 D1+  
PIN 10 D2+  
PIN 11 D3+  
PIN 12 D4+  
PIN 13 D5+  
PIN 14 D6+  
PIN 15 D7+  
PIN 16 NC  
PIN 37 INTEG  
PIN 8 DØ+  
PIN 9 D1+  
PIN 10 D2+  
PIN 11 D3+  
PIN 12 D4+  
PIN 13 D5+  
PIN 14 D6+  
PIN 15 D7+  
NC  
PNK  
PIN 35 GND  
SHIELD  
PIN 17 CLK-  
PIN 18 CDV-  
PIN 19 FDV-  
PIN 20 VINIT  
PIN 20 CLK-  
PIN 21 LDV-  
PIN 22 FDV-  
PIN 17 VINIT  
ORG  
GRY  
WHT  
YEL  
1BLU  
1BLU  
1BLU  
1BLU  
N/C  
PINS 4, 5, 6, 7  
19, 24, 25,26,  
AND 36  
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Installation  
2.2.6 Camera Link Cable (CL Versions Only)  
The MDR26 cable assembly (26CL-02-26) from 3M (part number 10226-6212VC) has been  
standardized as the Camera Link cable. This cable has the 26-pin MDR26 connector on both ends. This  
is a straight-through cable. The pin-out configuration is shown in Table 4 on page 8.  
26 Position  
High Density  
26 Position  
High Density  
Cable  
Mini D Ribbon  
(MDR) Male Plug  
Mini D Ribbon  
(MDR) Male Plug  
2X  
Thumbscrews  
2X  
Thumbscrews  
Note: For TM-1400CL, serial communication for camera control is done via the Camera Link  
connector on the rear panel of the camera.  
Cable assemblies and boardmount receptacles can be ordered from 3M.  
2.2.7 Power Supplies and Power Cable Setup  
2.2.7 (a) Power Supplies  
The TM-1400 requires 12V DC power that is obtained through the 12-pin connector located on the rear  
panel of the camera. JAI PULNiX recommends the following power supplies:  
PD-12UU  
100-240V AC/12V DC  
1.2A universal voltage power supply with  
US plug  
PD-12UUP 100-240V AC  
1.2A universal voltage power supply with US plug  
and 12-pin connector  
PD-12UE  
100-240V AC/12V DC  
100-240V AC/12V DC  
1.2A universal power supply with European plug  
PD-12UEP  
1.2A universal power supply with European plug and  
12-pin connector  
If you are providing power through the 12-pin connector, the PD-12UUP and PD-12UEP power  
supplies are available with the 12-pin mating connector already attached to the leads from the power  
supply. The PD-12UU or PD-12UE power supply can be connected to the JAI PULNiX power cable  
either directly or via a terminal strip.  
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Installation  
When wiring the PD-12UU power supply directly, please note the following:  
•
•
The lead ends must be twisted together and tin-soldered for strength and electrical continuity.  
Shrink tubing or a similar insulator should be used to prevent exposed leads from touching and  
shorting.  
•
•
The +12V lead is marked with a red stripe or white lettering; be sure not to reverse the leads.  
All connections must be properly insulated to prevent shorting.  
2.2.7 (b) JAI PULNiX Power Cables  
If you are using JAI PULNiX power cables such as the 12P-02S, please refer to the 12-pin connector  
pin-out diagram in “12-Pin Connector (TM-1400)” on page 6. The cable pin-out diagram is shown in  
Figure 7 below. The color-coded leads use Gray for Ground and Yellow for +12V.  
FIGURE 7. 12P-02S Interface Cable (optional)  
+12 V  
GND (Gray)  
Jack  
Power (Yellow)  
Video Out (Red Coax)  
HD In (White Coax)  
VD In (Black Coax)  
Analog  
Frame Grabber  
}
12P-02S Interface Cable  
Pin#  
Lead Color  
Gray  
Function  
GND  
Pin#  
7
Lead Color  
Black coax  
White coax shield  
White coax  
Brown  
Function  
VD Input  
Reserved  
HD Input  
RXD  
1
2
3
4
5
6
Yellow  
+12V DC  
GND  
8
Red coax shield  
Red coax  
9
Video  
10  
11  
12  
Orange coax shield  
Orange coax  
GND  
Blue  
Integration  
TXD  
VINIT IN  
Black coax shield  
Note: Make sure that the unused leads are not touching and that there is no possibility that  
exposed wires could cause the leads to short.  
2.2.7 (c) Building Your Own Power Cable  
Refer to the 12-pin connector pin-out in Section 2.2.2 (a on page 6. Connect the Ground lead to pin #1,  
and the +12V DC lead to pin #2 of the 12-pin connector. Power must be DC-regulated, and of sufficient  
current to properly power the camera.  
2.2.7 (d) Attaching the Power Cable to the Connector  
The 12-pin connector is keyed and will only fit in one orientation. Follow these directions to properly  
attach the power cable to the camera connector:  
1. Rotate the connector while applying slight pressure until the keyways line up.  
2. Press the connector into place until firmly seated.  
3. Plug the power cord into the AC socket. This will power the camera up.  
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Installation  
2.2.8 Attaching the Analog Video Output  
When connecting the TM-1400 to an analog frame grabber or a multisync monitor, use the BNC  
connector on the rear panel of the camera. The input of the monitor should be balanced for 75 ohms  
termination. Standard RG-59 type coaxial cable should carry a full video signal for up to 100 feet.  
The multi-conductor cable 12P-02S from JAI PULNiX can be used to transmit analog video, power,  
sync. signals, and serial communication. The mini coaxial leads in JAI PULNiX multi-conductor cables  
are designed for short runs of no longer than 100 feet.  
Note: Make sure that no extraneous wires are visible which could cause a short.  
2.2.9 Attaching the Camera Lens  
The TM-1400 camera accepts 1/2" or larger format size C-mount lenses. To attach the C-mount lens to  
the camera, carefully engage the threads and rotate the lens clockwise until it firmly seats on the  
mounting ring. Do not force the lens if it does not seat properly. Please note that some lenses with  
extremely long flangebacks may exceed the mounting depth of the camera.  
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Operation  
3 Operation  
3.1 Camera Rear Panel (TM-1400)  
Mode Selection switch  
Shutter Speed  
Control switch  
Up/Down switch  
UP  
0
01  
6 5  
2
E
D
6
7
8
DOWN  
SHUTTER MODE  
Digital Output connector  
Analog Output connector  
DIGITAL  
1
9
2
8
10  
Power, RS-232, and  
External Sync Connector  
3
7
11  
12  
4
6
5
VIDEO  
POWER  
3.1.1 Up/Down Switch  
The Mode Selection switch works in conjunction with the Up/Down switch. Refer to Table 6 on page 15  
for information on the Up/Down switch.  
3.1.2 Digital Output Connector  
Refer to Section 2.2.2 (c on page 7 for information on the digital output connector.  
3.1.3 Analog Output Connector  
The TM-1400 camera has a BNC connector on the rear panel to output analog video data.  
3.1.4 Power, RS-232, and External Sync Connector  
Refer to Section 2.2.2 on page 6 for information on the power, RS-232, and external sync connector.  
3.1.5 Shutter Speed Control Switch  
Please refer to Section 2.2.3 on page 9 for information on the Shutter Speed Control switch. The factory  
default setting to the shutter speeds is “no shutter.”  
3.1.6 Mode Selection Switch  
Various modes can be implemented with the rear panel Mode Selection switch. The Mode Selection  
switch works in conjunction with the Up/Down switch and RS-232 external control. Commands from  
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Operation  
the RS-232 interface will override the rear panel switch settings of the camera. The table below shows  
details on various modes.  
TABLE 6.  
Mode Selection Switch  
Mode  
Selection  
Switch  
Position  
Mode Information  
Switch Disabled  
Set Gain  
Up/Down Switch  
Switch Disabled  
Functions  
0
1
None  
Up / Down  
Change gain  
2
Set Vtop (A/D)  
Up / Down  
Change A/D ref. top  
Change A/D ref. bottom  
Lower gain selection  
Higher gain selection  
Back to linear table  
Scroll 8 different LUTs  
Async and normal shutter  
Factory setting  
3
Set Vbottom(A/D)  
Gain Selection #1  
Gain Selection #2  
Linear LUT  
Up / Down  
4
Up: 9dB, Down: 12dB  
Up: 18dB, Down: 22dB  
Up  
5
6
7
Knee Selection  
Up / Down (Scroll)  
Up: Normal, Down: Async  
Up / Down: Recall  
Up: Recall, Down: Save  
Up: Recall, Down: Save  
Up: Recall, Down: Save  
8
Async Reset Mode  
Factory Default Recall  
Power Up Setting  
User Page Storage #1  
User Page Storage #2  
Direct Shutter Control  
9
A
B
C
D
Power up page setting  
User page storage setting  
User page storage setting  
Up: Increment  
Down: Decrement  
Change Direct shutter  
speed in 1H increments  
E
F
Scan Format2  
Scan Format1  
Up: PS500L  
Down: PS250L  
Partial Scan 500L  
Partial scan 250L  
Up: 30fps, Down: 15fps  
30 fps, 15 fps  
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Operation  
3.2 Camera Rear Panel (CL Versions)  
CAMERA LINK  
1
9
2
8
10  
3
7
11  
12  
4
6
5
POWER  
VIDEO  
3.2.1 Digital Output Connector  
Refer to Section 2.2.2 (d on page 8 for Camera Link information.  
3.2.2 Analog Output Connector  
The TM-1400CL camera has a BNC connector on the rear panel to output analog video data.  
3.2.3 Power and External Sync Connector  
Refer to Table 2 on page 6 for information on the power and external sync. connectors.  
3.3 Progressive Scanning  
Standard TV-system scanning is 525 lines interlace scanning as specified in the RS-170 protocol. Every  
other horizontal line (odd lines and even lines) is scanned at a 60Hz rate per field, and the scanning is  
completed with two fields (one frame) at 30Hz rate. Because of the interlace scanning, the vertical  
resolution of CCD cameras is limited at 350 TV lines, regardless of the horizontal resolution. When  
electronic shutter is applied, the CCD can hold only one field of charge at each exposure. Therefore, the  
vertical resolution of the electronic-shutter camera is only 244 TV lines. The situation is the same for an  
HDTV-format camera, since it has interlaced scanning and the vertical resolution of the shuttered image  
is 500 lines.  
The TM-1400 uses a state-of-the-art progressive scanning interline transfer CCD which scans all lines  
sequentially from top to bottom at one frame rate (30Hz). Like a non-interlace computer screen, it  
generates a stable, crisp image without alternating lines and provides full vertical TV resolution of 1040  
lines (a normal TV monitor display may not be able to show images due to monitor scanning).  
The interline transfer architecture is also important to generate simultaneous shuttering. This is different  
from full frame transfer architecture which requires a mechanical shutter or strobe light in order to  
freeze the object motion.  
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Operation  
The TM-1400 outputs the progressive scan image with an electronic shutter in two different formats:  
•
Progressive scanning digital and analog output  
The CCD signal goes through A/D and D/A converters and through 10-bit in, 8-bit out look-up  
table (LUT). The digital output is available from 31-pin connector with RS-644 format (50MHz  
clock rate).  
The analog output is the same as 75 ohms, 1Vp-p format at 30Hz rate available from BNC and 12-  
pin connector.  
•
Partial scan output (display output)  
- Partial scan: 500 lines at 56 frames per second.  
- Partial scan: 250 lines at 98 frames per second.  
Note: Minimal blooming may occur under partial scanning mode due to the nature of the CCD.  
3.4 Electronic Shutter  
For more information about the electronic shutter, please see Section 1.2 on page 2.  
3.5 Asynchronous Reset  
ASYNC RESET  
VINIT  
VD  
TG (TRANSFER GATE)  
DISCHARGE PULSE  
PROGRESSIVE OUTPUT  
VIDEO  
Stand-by Image  
Shutter Video  
Stand-by Image  
For more information about Asynchronous Reset, please see Section 1.2 on page 2.  
3.5.1 External VINIT With Pulse Width  
The TM-1400 can be reset with external reset pulse (VINIT). Set the dial switch to “9”. Apply a pulse-  
width control VINIT signal generated from an external event trigger to the camera. The internal reset  
pulse will be latched to HD and at the first HD timing from the external pulse leading edge (negative  
going edge). The CCD discharge pulse will be generated to clear the images. The internal VD will be  
generated at the following edge (positive going edge) of the external pulse, resetting the internal timing  
including the video sync. The shutter speed is the same as the external pulse width, but the integration  
delays 1H from the leading edge. For the immediate reset option, please contact JAI PULNiX.  
For the progressive format, one frame of video output will start from the rising edge of the pulse width  
control. In async mode with external pulse input high, the video output will be disabled as the camera  
continues discharging the CCD image, providing black video only.  
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Operation  
FIGURE 8. Pulse Width Async Shutter Timing  
No-Delay Shutter  
EXT. VINIT (Pulse width control)  
HD  
INT. VD after trailing edge of EXT. VINIT  
Discharge  
Exposure time set by pulse width  
Transfer Gate  
FDV  
13H  
Analog Video Sync  
Vsync  
3.5.2 Internal Shutter Speed Control  
The video signal starts with internal VD. The camera operates the reset and shutter in the same way as  
the external pulse width control mode. When the external VINIT pulse is applied, internal VD is latched  
to HD and the internal VD is delayed to set up the shutter speed period. The shutter speed is controlled  
by the dial switch from “1” to “8.” Video output timing starts right after the internal VD and single  
shots, FDV is output at the internal VD timing.  
EXT. VINIT  
HD  
INT. VD with shutter speed control  
Discharge  
Exposure time set by shutter speed  
Transfer Gate  
13H  
FDV  
Analog Video Sync  
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Operation  
3.6 Dynamic Range Control  
Blooming adj. = 13. 5 V  
Lens: F=5.6  
mV  
Vsub = 8 V  
Max. Digital dynamic range at 3 dB amp  
600  
Vsub = 10 V  
Vsub = 12 V  
400  
Vsub = 14 V  
Vsub = 16 V  
200  
Digital saturation at 16 dB amp  
Vsub = 18 V  
Analog saturation at 20 dB amp  
0
0
20  
100  
120  
40  
60  
80  
160  
FL  
140  
LUMINANCE  
The typical interline transfer CCD has fixed noise levels based on dark current (thermal or KT noise),  
pattern noise, and the operating clock speed. In general, the level of the 50 MHz pixel clock CCD at  
room temperature is around 20 to 50 electrons. The maximum capacity of CCD charges is limited by  
the well capacity at saturation. The range is limited by the structure and the pixel size.  
The TM-1400 uses a 1/2" CCD with 4.65 µm x 4.65 µm pixel and two-phase vertical shift register  
structure. The well capacity is 16,000 electrons. The theoretical dynamic range is 16,000:30 = 533:1  
(54.5 dB).  
A typical CCD camera does not use the full dynamic range due to the nominal gain and the output  
specification such as RS-170. The typical CCD camera’s gain is set at 16 to 22 dB and the RS-170  
video level is 714 mV. Using 20 dB gain for the calculation, CCD output is limited to 714/10 = 71.4  
mV. Since the CCD’s saturation voltage is 400 mV to 500 mV, it uses less than 1/5 of the full dynamic  
range.  
Machine vision and outdoor applications, cannot afford to miss image information behind the  
saturation, which is why the dynamic range adaptation is critical.  
3.6.1 Programmable Look-Up Table (LUT) and Knee Control  
The TM-1400 has a built-in LUT (look-up table) for dynamic range control.  
At a specific gain setting, the offset (minimum level.... dark point) and A/D reference top voltage  
(maximum level... saturation point) are set to 10-bit A/D input so that the full dynamic range of the  
CCD is utilized at 10-bit references as the input and the LUT output is converted into 8-bit to adjust the  
gamma correction.  
The 10-bit input is segmented into two or more regions by the knee-point settings as variable gamma  
selection.  
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Operation  
LUT selections: (a standard LUT is 10 sets of knee-control LUT)  
•
•
•
Variable Gamma  
Variable knee curve  
Direct input LUT  
3.7 Scan Modes  
The TM-1400 supports the following scan modes:  
line 1  
line 2  
Progressive scan  
n
n+1  
3.7.1 Full Progressive Scan  
The normal scan mode progressively scans a full frame of 1392 x 1040 pixels at 15/30 frames per  
second using the standard 25MHz/50MHz pixel clock and a single channel output. In contrast to  
interlace-scan cameras, all the 1040 lines in the frame are exposed simultaneously per image capture.  
3.7.2 Partial Scan  
Partial scan is a standard feature in the TM-1400. The TM-1400 has two types of partial scan modes:  
500 and 250 lines. Both modes can be selected through software control. The video image in partial  
scan mode is the center 500 or 250 lines of video. The maximum frame rate at 500 lines is 56 fps. The  
maximum frame rate at 250 lines is 98 fps.  
3.8 External Sync  
The TM-1400 accepts an external sync of standard HD and VD at TTL level for general locking to a  
system sync and clock. The external sync is only available for 15-frame mode and the frequency  
requirement is as follows:  
fHD = 31.1 KHz ±2%  
fVD = 29.53 Hz ± 2%  
(Internal Master clock = 100.00 MHz,  
Pixel clock = 50.00 MHz)  
3.9 Bayer Color Filter (Color Versions)  
JAI PULNiX AccuPiXEL series color cameras are high-resolution, high-speed progressive scan CCD  
cameras. The interline transfer, progressive scan CCD permits full vertical and horizontal resolution of  
images acquired at very high shutter speeds. The electronic shutter, which has speeds to  
1/16,000 sec., can be reset asynchronously by external pulse control. Uniform square pixels provide  
superior image definition in any orientation. On-chip micro lenses mean increased sensitivity.  
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Page 21  
Operation  
3.9.1 Color Filter Array  
JAI PULNiX AccuPiXEL cameras use Bayer CFA (color filter array) as their standard primary color  
filter. This filter provides the most popular color interpolation supported by numerous software  
suppliers.  
The digital format, either Camera Link or RS-644, allows the camera to output accurate pixel data,  
including the color information. When the data is stored in the frame buffer of a frame grabber or  
computer, the color information is easily manipulated to restore the original color images. Because the  
color filter array contains only a single R, G or B color in each pixel, the restored image has to fill in  
colors in the missing pixel locations. The software uses neighboring pixel information to “guess” the  
missing colors to make smooth, clear images. This is called “color interpolation.” Today's high-speed  
computers allow such color interpolation to be done almost in real time. Because these cameras do not  
contain internal color-processing circuitry, they are smaller and less expensive than full-function color  
cameras.  
3.9.2 Bayer Color Filter Array (CFA)  
The Bayer CFA is an R, G, B primary color filter array. This is the most widely accepted CFA for the  
single-chip CCD progressive scan format. This type of array layout has a specific order for each color’s  
pixels. Since the human eye’s resolution and color recognition are highest at green, the CFA contains  
two greens per each red and blue.  
It is critical for the frame grabber and color interpolation to know where the individual color pixels exist  
relative to sync (LDV and FDV) timing.  
This requirement makes digital output the preferred choice, because the timing relationships are very  
accurate.  
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Page 22  
Operation  
3.9.3 Starting Pixel Configuration  
All manufacturers produce identical Bayer CFAs, but there are slight differences between the CCDs  
produced by different manufacturers. The first line is generally R and G. The Sony CCD starts with R.  
The camera timing can be adjusted to start with either G or R by skipping the very first pixels at each  
lines. The majority of color interpolation software can select between a variety of pixel relations, such  
as R/G start or G/R start, as well as G/B start and B/G start. Once the correct scanning is configured, the  
rest of the interpolation will be exactly the same. Please contact JAI PULNiX for further information  
regarding CCD manufacturers.  
G
R
G
R
G
R
G
R
G
R
G
R
G
R
G
R
G
R
G
R
G
R
G
R
B
G
B
G
B
G
B
G
B
G
B
G
Last pixel  
B
G
B
G
B
G
B
G
B
G
B
G
G
R
G
R
G
R
G
R
G
R
G
R
G
R
G
R
G
R
G
R
G
R
G
R
B
G
B
G
B
G
B
G
B
G
B
G
B
G
B
G
B
G
B
G
B
G
B
G
Pixel 1  
Last pixel of 1st Line  
Horizontal Shift Registers  
CCD Output  
SONY CCD  
3.9.4 Sync and Data  
The individual color data is exactly the same as the pixel data. This means that the timing relationships  
of the color cameras are also the same as of the B/W cameras.  
For a detailed timing chart, please refer to each B/W camera’s data sheet and manual.  
If the frame grabber has a standard B/W configuration file, then AccuPiXEL color cameras can use that  
configuration file to operate. The configuration file may vary, depending on whether the output is  
standard (RS-644) or Camera Link. Please consult JAI PULNiX, or your frame grabber supplier for  
compatibility information.  
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Page 23  
Operation  
The following diagram is an example of the TMC-1400 (same as TM-1400).  
Ext. HD  
32.16 µs  
(1608p)  
216p  
1392p  
LDV  
1p=20 ns  
1392p active pixels  
Video  
(analog)  
46p 61p  
Ext. VD  
33.87 ms  
(1053H)  
FDV  
1040H  
13H  
3H  
1H = 32.16µsec.  
1040H (active lines)  
Video  
3H  
It is important to meet the exact starting pixel at LDV and the starting line of FDV. If the starting pixel  
or line is shifted due to the image capture configuration, then the interpolation software can be adjusted  
for the correct starting point. In figure A, if the first pixel is shifted (missed), the color interpolation  
should start with G-R. If the first line is missed in A, the interpolation order will be B-G.  
3.9.5 Camera Functions  
AccuPiXEL color cameras perform all functions the same way as B/W cameras. However, because of  
color characteristics, the following issues are different:  
•
Two-row binning scan  
When two rows are mixed in the CCD, the Bayer color is no longer valid. It provides color  
information but cannot be interpolated as a Bayer CFA.  
•
LUT (Look-up Table)  
The LUT is a powerful tool to adjust the dynamic range as well as color dynamic range. Since  
human color perception is non-linear, LUT selection can help optimize color contrast by selecting  
the LUT value. Gamma 0.45 is logarithmic and is closed to human perception.  
When LUT is selected, black-level adjustment must be more accurate than for B/W cameras.  
For a detailed timing chart, please refer to the standard AccuPiXEL camera data sheet, or contact JAI  
PULNiX.  
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Page 24  
Operation  
3.9.6 Interpolation Software  
Major frame grabber manufacturers with digital capability (Camera Link, RS-644) provide color  
interpolation software. Some independent image process software suppliers provide software as well.  
The following table lists a few examples.  
TABLE 7.  
Frame Grabber Interpolation Software List  
Manufacturer  
Matrox  
Frame Grabber  
Meteor II Digi, CL  
Road Runner CL  
T64  
Software  
MIL  
Bitflow  
Bay View  
Coreco  
Application software  
Visual Chip Studio  
Application software  
Easygrab  
Data Cube  
Epix  
MaxRevolution  
PIXCI  
Euresys  
GrabLink  
EasyColor  
Matrix Vision  
MV-Titan/CL  
Impact  
3.9.7 Color Interpolation  
The Bayer pattern color filter array (CFA) consists of R, G, and B primary colors. Each pixel represents  
one of three colors. In order to display or print color images, the signal has to be converted to RGB  
output, which has three independent channels (outputs) and sync signals.  
Color interpolation software or firmware performs the color  
preprocessing by filling the missing color pixels with neighboring  
pixels. It then separates the stream of data, (8-bit or 10-bit) into 3 (RGB)  
data (8-bit x 3) and adds the color matrix to adjust and balance each of  
the R,G, and B channels (white balance or color balance).  
Green Red Green  
Blue Green Blue  
Green Red Green  
The image quality depends on the camera’s own pixel data (including  
pixel data independency from neighboring pixels, noise and color filter),  
and interpolation of the software algorithm such as 3 x 3 interpolation, 2  
x 2 interpolation, color matrix, white balance capability, etc.  
All AccuPiXEL color cameras are carefully designed for maximum color performance. JAI PULNiX  
strongly suggests that you use digital output for the best performance.  
Some software is used on board (FPGA or DSP) to perform the interpolation. Other software simply  
uses the host computer’s memory and CPU. The process speed may vary depending on the architecture  
and speed of the computer.  
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Page 25  
Operation  
3.10 Camera Timing Charts  
Model: TM-1400  
Operation Mode: 30 Frame /sec  
Master Clock: 100 MHz, M=10 nsec  
Pixel Clock: 50 MHz, P= 20 nsec  
1. Pixel Clock and Digital Data  
Pixel Clock  
A
Data  
Tcd  
TdcT  
hd  
Tcd: Clock to Data Ready  
Tdc: Data Ready to Next Clock  
Thd: Data Hold Time  
Tcc =14 nsec, Tdc = 6 nsec, Thd = 5 nsec.  
2. Horizontal Signals  
fHD = [ 31.09KHz]  
tHD = [ 32.16 µs]  
External HD  
[ 3 P], (60 ns)  
A [ 1447 P], (28.94 µs)  
B [ 1608 P], (32.16 µs)  
Internal HD  
C [12 P], (240 µs)  
LDV  
D [ 216 P], (4.32 µs)  
E [ 1392 P], (27.84 µs)  
F [ 1608 P], (32.16µs)  
Digital Data  
G [ 1392 P], (27.84 µs)  
H [ 216 P], (4.32 µs)  
Analog Video  
K [ 1392 P], (27.84 µs)  
L [ 61 P], (1.22µs)  
I [ 48 P], (960 ns)  
J [ 168P], ( 3.36 µs)  
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Page 26  
Operation  
Model: TM-1400  
Master Clock: 100.00MHz, M = 10 nsec  
Pixel Clock: 50 MHz, P = 20 nsec  
Operation Mode: 30 Frames/Second  
Horizontal Frequency: 31.09KHz  
1H = 32.16 usec  
3. External Reset Timing  
External VD  
A [1053 H], (33.86 msec)  
C [9 H], (289.44 us)  
B [1 H], (32.16 us)  
Internal VD  
D [1044 H], (33.58 ms)  
E [ 1053 H], (33.86 ms)  
F [13 H], (418.08 us)  
FDV  
G [1040 H], (33.45 ms)  
Digital Data  
H [13 H], (418.08 us)  
I [1040 H], (33.45 ms)  
J [10 H], (321.60 us)  
Analog Video  
K [3 H], (96.48 us)  
M [1040 H], (33.45 ms)  
Delay of internal VD depends on the shutter speed.  
L [3 H], (96.48µs)  
4. Async Shutter Reset Timing  
VINIT Trigger  
N [Variable H],(µs)  
O [9 H], (289.44 us)  
Internal VD  
P [1044 H], (33.58 ms)  
Q [ 1053 H], (33.86 ms)  
R [1 H], (32.16 us)  
FDV  
S [13 H], (418.08 us)  
T [13 H], (418.08 us)  
Digital Data  
U [1040 H], (33.45 ms)  
V [9 H], (289.44 us)  
W [3 H], (96.48µs)  
Analog Video  
X [1040 H], (33.45 ms)  
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Operation  
Model: TM-1400  
Operation Mode: 15 Frame /sec  
Master Clock: 50 MHz, M= 20 nsec  
Pixel Clock: 25 MHz, P= 40 nsec  
1. Pixel Clock and Digital Data  
Pixel Clock  
A
Data  
Tcd  
TdcT  
hd  
Tcd: Clock to Data Ready  
Tdc: Data Ready to Next Clock  
Thd: Data Hold Time  
Tcd = 28 nsec, Tdc = 12 nsec, Thd = 10 nsec.  
2. Horizontal Signals  
fHD = [ 15.55 KHz]  
tHD = [ 64.32 µsec]  
External HD  
[ 3 P], (120 ns)  
A [ 1447 P], (57.88 µs)  
B [ 1608 P], (64.32 µs)  
Internal HD  
C [12 P], (480 ns)  
LDV  
D [ 216 P], (8.64 µs)  
E [ 1392 P], (55.68 µs)  
F [ 1608 P], (64.32 µs)  
Digital Data  
G [ 1392 P], (55.68 µs)  
H [ 216 P], (8.64 µs)  
Analog Video  
K [ 1392 P], (55.68 µs)  
L [ 61 P], (2.44 µs)  
I [ 48 P], (1.92 µs)  
J [ 168 P], (6.72 µs)  
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Operation  
Model: TM-1400  
Master Clock: 100.00 MHz, M = 10 nsec  
Pixel Clock: 25 MHz, P = 40 nsec  
Operation Mode: 15 Frames/Second  
Horizontal Frequency: 15.55 KHz  
1H = 64.32 usec  
3. External Reset Timing  
External VD  
A [1053 H], (67.73 ms)  
B [1 H], (64.32 us)  
C [9 H], (578.88 us)  
Internal VD  
D [1044 H], (67.15 ms)  
E [ 1053 H], (67.73 ms)  
F [13 H], (836.16 us)  
G [1040 H], (66.89 ms)  
H [13 H], (836.16 us)  
FDV  
Digital Data  
I [1040 H], (66.89 ms)  
J [10 H], (643.20 us)  
Analog Video  
K [3 H], (192.96 us)  
M [1040 H], (66.89 ms)  
L [3 H], (192.96 µs)  
4. Async Shutter Reset Timing  
VINIT Trigger  
N [Variable H], (µs)  
O [9 H], (578.88 us)  
Internal VD  
P [1044 H], (67.15 ms)  
Q [ 1053 H], (67.73 ms)  
R [1 H], (64.32 us)  
S [13 H], (836.16 us)  
FDV  
T [13 H], (836.16 us)  
Digital Data  
U [1040 H], (66.90 ms)  
V [9 H], (578.88 us)  
W [3 H], (192.96 µs)  
Analog Video  
X [1040 H], (66.89 ms)  
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Operation  
Model: TM-1400  
Operation Mode: 56.5 Frames/Second  
Master Clock: 100 MHz, M= 10 nsec  
Pixel Clock: 50 MHz, P = 200nsec  
Horizontal Frequency: 31.09 KHz  
1H = 32.16 usec  
3. External Reset Timing (Partial Scan 500 Lines)  
External VD  
A [550 H], (17.69 ms)  
B [1 H], (32.16 us)  
C [9 H], (289.44 µs)  
Internal VD  
D [541 H], (17.40 ms)  
E [550 H], (17.69 ms)  
F [50 H], (1.61 ms)  
FDV  
G [500 H], (16.08 ms)  
H [50 H], (1.61 ms)  
Digital Data  
I [500 H], (16.08 ms)  
J [47 H], (1.51 ms)  
Analog Video  
K [3 H], (96.48 us)  
L [3 H], (96.48 µs)  
M [500 H], (16.08 ms)  
4. Async Shutter Reset Timing (Partial Scan 500 Lines)  
VINIT Trigger  
N [Variable H], ( µs)  
O [9 H], (289.44 µs)  
Internal VD  
P [541 H], (17.40 ms)  
R [550 H], (17.69 ms)  
S [50 H], (1.61 ms)  
T [500 H], (16.08 ms)  
Note: For color camera, FDV=503H (async only)  
FDV  
U [50 H], (1.61 ms)  
Digital Data  
V [500 H], (16.08 ms)  
Z [500 H], (16.08 ms)  
W [47 H], (1.51 ms)  
Analog Video  
X [3 H], (96.48 µs)  
Y [3 H], (96.48 µs)  
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Operation  
Model: TM-1400  
Operation Mode: 98.7 Frames/Second  
Master Clock: 100 MHz, M= 10 nsec  
Pixel Clock:  
Horizontal Frequency: 31.09 KHz  
1H = 32.16 usec  
50 MHz, P = 20 nsec  
3. External Reset Timing (Partial Scan 250 Lines)  
External VD  
A [315 H], (10.13 ms)  
B [1 H], (32.16 us)  
C [9 H], (289.44 µs)  
Internal VD  
D [306 H], (9.84 ms)  
E [ 315 H], (10.13 ms)  
F [65 H], (2.09 ms)  
FDV  
G [250 H], (8.04 ms)  
I [250 H], (8.04 ms)  
M [250 H], (8.04 ms)  
H [65 H], (2.09 ms)  
J [62 H], (1.99 ms)  
Digital Data  
Analog Video  
K [3 H], (96.48 us)  
L [3 H], (96.48 µs)  
4. Async Shutter Reset Timing (Partial Scan 250 Lines)  
VINIT Trigger  
N [Variable H], (µs)  
O [9 H], (289.44 µs)  
Internal VD  
P [306 H], (9.84 ms)  
Q [3 H], ( 96.48 µs)  
R [ 315 H], (10.13 ms)  
S [65 H], (2.09 ms)  
T [250 H], (8.04 ms)  
Note: For color camera, FDV=252H (async only)  
U [65 H], (2.09 ms)  
FDV  
Digital Data  
V [250 H], (8.04 ms)  
Y [250 H], (8.04 ms)  
W [62 H], (1.99 ms)  
Analog Video  
X [3 H], (96.48 µs)  
Z [3 H], (96.48 µs)  
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Operation  
3.11 Serial Communication Kit CS-232C (not required for “CL” version)  
The TM-1400’s functions can be controlled by a PC via RS-232C communication using the CS-232E  
serial communication kit. This kit consists of the RS-232B-12 cable, software disk, and quick-start  
card. The software disk contains setup files for the graphical user interface (GUI) program. Refer to the  
camera-control software manual for information on the GUI.  
Note: For CL models, the control software is included and serial communication is through the  
Camera Link cable. No additional accessories are required.  
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Page 32  
Troubleshooting  
4 Troubleshooting  
4.1 Problems and Solutions  
Following are troubleshooting tips for common problems. In general, problems can easily be solved by  
following these instructions. If the following remedies fail to offer a solution to your problems, please  
contact a JAI PULNiX representative.  
4.1.1 Symptom: No Video  
Remedies: Check that the following are properly connected and operational.  
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Power supplies  
Power cables  
Main power source  
Shutter control  
Async mode  
Lens  
Digital output cable  
Analog video cable  
4.1.2 Symptom: Dark Video  
Remedies: Check that the following are properly connected and operational.  
•
•
Shutter selection  
Iris opening on the lens  
4.1.3 Symptom: Non-Synchronized Video  
Remedies: Check that the following are properly connected and operational.  
•
•
Proper mode output  
Frame grabber software camera selection  
Note: Breaking the factory seal without prior approval from the factory will void the product  
warranty.  
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Page 33  
Troubleshooting  
4.2 Information and Support Resources  
For further information and support:  
Phone:  
(408) 747-0300  
(800) 445-5444  
Fax:  
(408) 747-0660  
E-mail:  
Mail:  
[email protected]  
JAI PULNiX, Inc.  
Sales Department  
1330 Orleans Drive  
Sunnyvale, CA 94089  
ATTN: Video Applications  
www.jaipulnix.com  
Web Site:  
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Page 34  
Appendix  
5 Appendix  
5.1 Specifications  
TABLE 8.  
TM-1400 Series Product Specifications Table  
Model  
TM-1400 series  
Imager  
1/2" progressive scan interline transfer CCD  
7.60mm (H) x 6.20mm (V)  
1392 (H) x 1040 (V)  
Active Area  
Active Pixels  
Cell size  
4.65µm x 4.65µm  
Scanning  
1392 x 1040 pixels at 30 Hz/15 Hz  
(Active Pixels)  
Sync  
Internal/external auto switch  
HD/VD, 4.0 Vp-p impedance 4.7K ohms  
15/30Hz±2%, non-interlace  
HD= 31.1 kHz±2%  
Data clock output  
Resolution  
50.00 / 25.00 MHz  
Digital: 1392 (H) x 1040 (V)  
Analog; over 900 TV lines (H) x 800 TV lines (V)  
S/N ratio  
50dB min. (AGC off)  
Min. illumination  
1.0 lux f=1.4 (no shutter) @30fps  
Sensitivity: 10µV/ e-  
Video output  
Analog: 714mV, 75 ohms (900 mV white clip)  
Digital output: 8-bit RS-644 output  
Camera Link (TM-1400CL only)  
AGC  
OFF  
Gamma  
Programmable LUT (1.0 std.)  
Lens mount  
Power req.  
Operating temp.  
C-mount (use 2/3" format lenses or larger)  
12V DC±10%, 370-390 mA (current measured at 25°)  
*
-10°C to 45°C  
Random vibration  
7G (10Hz to 2000Hz)  
rms  
Shock  
70G  
Size (W x H x L)  
Weight  
44mm x 44mm x 64mm (1.73" x 1.73" x 2.51")  
Without tripod mount: 133 g, 4.7 oz. (TM-1400),  
138 g, 4.9 oz. (TM-1400CL)  
With tripod mount: 144.5 g, 5.1 oz. (TM-1400)  
149.5 g, 5.3 oz. (TM-1400CL)  
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Page 35  
Appendix  
TABLE 8.  
TM-1400 Series Product Specifications Table (Continued)  
Optional Functions  
(must be ordered  
separately)  
OP 89-3 Differential Input, VINIT  
OP 89-4 Differential Input, VD  
OP 93 RS-422  
OP 93-1 10-bit output  
Optional Accessories  
(must be ordered  
separately)  
I/O  
TM-1400: 30DG-02 digital output cable, CS-232E serial communication kit,  
TM-1400CL: 26CL-02-26 digital output cable  
PD-12UUP series (includes power connector)  
12P-02S  
Power supply  
Power cable  
*. Refer to Section 2.2 on page 5 for information on camera heat dissipation.  
5.2 Physical Dimensions  
FIGURE 9. Physical Dimensions (TM-1400)  
EFFECTIVE IMAGE AREA  
UP  
SHUTTER MODE DOWN  
DIGITAL  
44.0 [1.73]  
POWER  
VIDEO  
7.0 [0.28]  
14.7 [0.58]  
18.1 [0.7]  
34.0 [1.34]  
44.0 [1.73]  
25.4 [1.00]  
63.0 [2.48]  
75.7 [2.98]  
22.0 [0.87]  
11.0 [0.43]  
1/4-20  
2X M6  
22.4 [0.88]  
18.4 [0.73]  
2X M3 X 6.0 [0.24]  
SOC HD CAP SCR  
18.0 [0.71]  
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Appendix  
FIGURE 10. Physical Dimensions (TM-1400CL)  
CAMERA LINK  
44.0 [1.73]  
1
9
2
8
10  
3
11  
7
12  
4
6
5
VIDEO  
POWER  
7.0 [0.28]  
14.7 [0.58]  
34.0 [1.34]  
63.0 [2.48]  
44.0 [1.73]  
25.4 [1.00]  
75.7 [2.98]  
22.0 [0.87]  
11.0 [0.43]  
1/4-20  
2X M6  
22.4 [0.88]  
18.4 [0.73]  
2X M3 X 6.0 [0.24]  
SOC HD CAP SCR  
18.0 [0.71]  
5.3 Spectral Response  
FIGURE 11. Spectral Response  
1.0  
0.9  
0.8  
0.7  
0.6  
0.5  
0.4  
0.3  
0.2  
0.1  
0
400  
500  
600  
700  
800  
900  
1000  
Wave Length (nm)  
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I m a g i n g P r o d u c t s  
JAI PULNiX, Inc.  
1330 Orleans Drive  
Sunnyvale, CA 94089  
Tel: 408-747-0300  
Tel: 800-445-5444  
Fax: 408-747-0660  
Email: [email protected]  
w w w . j a i p u l n i x . c o m  
69-0115  
Rev. C  
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