Intel 186 EB/EC
Evaluation Board
User’s Manual
80C186EC/80C188EC
80L186EC/80L188EC
and
80C186EB/80C188EB
80L186EB/80L188EB
March 1997
Order Number: 272986-001
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CONTENTS
CHAPTER 1
ABOUT THIS MANUAL
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.4.1
1.4.2
1.5
CONTENT OVERVIEW................................................................................................. 1-1
NOTATION CONVENTIONS......................................................................................... 1-2
RELATED DOCUMENTS .............................................................................................. 1-3
ELECTRONIC SUPPORT SYSTEMS ........................................................................... 1-4
FaxBack Service .......................................................................................................1-4
World Wide Web .......................................................................................................1-4
TECHNICAL SUPPORT ................................................................................................ 1-5
CHAPTER 2
GETTING STARTED
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS .......................................................................................... 2-3
WHAT’S IN YOUR KIT................................................................................................... 2-3
VIEWING THE BOARD SCHEMATICS......................................................................... 2-4
SETTING UP THE EVALUATION BOARD AND THE HOST PC.................................. 2-4
CHAPTER 3
HARDWARE OVERVIEW
3.1
3.2
JUMPER SUMMARY..................................................................................................... 3-1
MICROPROCESSOR.................................................................................................... 3-2
Packaging .................................................................................................................3-2
MEMORY CONFIGURATION........................................................................................ 3-3
Flash (Program Memory) ..........................................................................................3-5
Configuring the Board for Flash Downloading .................................................3-5
SRAM (Static Memory) .............................................................................................3-7
PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC............................................................................................ 3-7
POWER SUPPLY .......................................................................................................... 3-8
SERIAL INTERFACE..................................................................................................... 3-9
EXPANSION INTERFACE........................................................................................... 3-12
LCD INTERFACE ........................................................................................................ 3-15
LCD Interface Demo ...............................................................................................3-15
3.2.1
3.3
3.3.1
3.3.1.1
3.3.2
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
3.8.1
iii
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CONTENTS
CHAPTER 4
INTRODUCTION TO THE SOFTWARE
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.4.1
4.4.2
4.4.3
SOFTWARE FEATURES .............................................................................................. 4-1
RESTRICTIONS ............................................................................................................ 4-2
EMBEDDED CONTROLLER MONITOR (ECM)............................................................ 4-2
USER INTERFACE........................................................................................................ 4-3
Numeric Input ............................................................................................................4-3
Controlling Lengthy Commands ................................................................................4-3
Aborting from iECM-86 .............................................................................................4-3
INITIATING AND TERMINATING iECM-86................................................................... 4-3
ECM86 ......................................................................................................................4-3
-COM2, -COM1 .........................................................................................................4-4
-DIAG ........................................................................................................................4-4
-POLL, -SIGNAL .......................................................................................................4-5
RESET SYSTEM, RES SYSTEM, RESET, RES ......................................................4-5
DOS ..........................................................................................................................4-5
QUIT .........................................................................................................................4-5
RELATED INFORMATION ............................................................................................ 4-6
Reserved Functions ..................................................................................................4-6
Reserved Memory .....................................................................................................4-6
Reserved I/O .............................................................................................................4-6
4.5
4.5.1
4.5.2
4.5.3
4.5.4
4.5.5
4.5.6
4.5.7
4.6
4.6.1
4.6.2
4.6.3
CHAPTER 5
iECM-86 COMMANDS
5.1
5.2
5.2.1
5.2.2
5.3
5.3.1
5.3.2
5.3.3
5.3.4
ENTERING COMMANDS.............................................................................................. 5-1
FILE OPERATIONS....................................................................................................... 5-2
Loading and Saving Object Code .............................................................................5-2
Other File Operations ................................................................................................5-3
PROGRAM CONTROL................................................................................................. 5-5
Resetting the Target .................................................................................................5-5
Breakpoints ...............................................................................................................5-5
Program Execution ...................................................................................................5-7
Program Stepping .....................................................................................................5-8
DISPLAYING AND MODIFYING PROGRAM VARIABLES......................................... 5-10
Supported Data Types ............................................................................................5-10
BYTE Commands ...................................................................................................5-11
WORD Commands .................................................................................................5-12
DWORD Commands ...............................................................................................5-13
STACK Commands .................................................................................................5-14
STRING Commands ...............................................................................................5-15
PORT Commands ...................................................................................................5-15
WPORT Commands ...............................................................................................5-16
Processor Variables ................................................................................................5-17
5.4
5.4.1
5.4.2
5.4.3
5.4.4
5.4.5
5.4.6
5.4.7
5.4.8
5.4.9
iv
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CONTENTS
CHAPTER 6
iRISM-186 COMMANDS
6.1
6.1.1
IRISM VARIABLES........................................................................................................ 6-1
Other Variables .........................................................................................................6-1
RISM STRUCTURE....................................................................................................... 6-2
RECEIVING DATA FROM THE HOST.......................................................................... 6-2
SENDING DATA TO THE HOST................................................................................... 6-2
RISM COMMANDS........................................................................................................ 6-2
SET_DATA_FLAG (Code 00H) .................................................................................6-3
TRANSMIT (Code 02H) ............................................................................................6-3
READ_BYTE (Code 04H) .........................................................................................6-3
READ_WORD (Code 05H) .......................................................................................6-3
READ_DOUBLE (Code 06H) ....................................................................................6-3
WRITE_BYTE (Code 07H) ........................................................................................6-3
WRITE_WORD (Code 08H) ......................................................................................6-3
WRITE_DOUBLE (Code 09H) ..................................................................................6-4
LOAD_ADDRESS (Code 0AH) .................................................................................6-4
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.5.1
6.5.2
6.5.3
6.5.4
6.5.5
6.5.6
6.5.7
6.5.8
6.5.9
6.5.10 READ_PC (Code 10H) .............................................................................................6-4
6.5.11 WRITE_PC (Code 11H) ............................................................................................6-4
6.5.12 START_USER (Code 12H) .......................................................................................6-4
6.5.13 STOP_USER (code 13H) .........................................................................................6-4
6.5.14 TRAP_ISR ................................................................................................................6-5
6.5.15 REPORT_STATUS (Code 14H) ...............................................................................6-5
6.5.16 MONITOR_ESCAPE (Code 15H) .............................................................................6-5
6.5.17 READ_BPORT (Code 16H) ......................................................................................6-5
6.5.18 WRITE_BPORT (Code 17H) .....................................................................................6-5
6.5.19 READ_WPORT (Code 18H) .....................................................................................6-5
6.5.20 WRITE_WPORT (Code 19H) ....................................................................................6-6
6.5.21 STEP (Code 1AH) .....................................................................................................6-6
6.5.22 READ_REG (Code 1BH) ..........................................................................................6-6
6.5.23 WRITE_REG (Code 1CH) .........................................................................................6-6
6.5.24 Start Up Commands (/ or \) .......................................................................................6-7
APPENDIX A
PARTS LIST
v
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CONTENTS
FIGURES
2-1
2-2
3-1
3-2
3-3
3-4
3-5
3-6
3-7
Intel 186 EB Evaluation Board Layout..........................................................................2-1
Intel 186 EC Evaluation Board Layout .........................................................................2-2
Physical Memory Map..................................................................................................3-4
Jumper Assembly for Flash Downloading....................................................................3-6
E1 Jumper ....................................................................................................................3-8
J2 Power Connector.....................................................................................................3-8
25-Pin to 9-Pin Adaptor ..............................................................................................3-11
186 EC Peripheral Expansion Connector JP2 (40 pin) ..............................................3-12
186 EB Peripheral Expansion Connector JP2 (24 pin)...............................................3-13
TABLES
1-1
3-1
3-2
3-3
3-4
5-1
6-1
6-2
A-1
A-2
Customer Support Telephone Numbers.......................................................................1-5
80x186EB/EC Evaluation Board Jumper Settings........................................................3-1
Logical Memory Map....................................................................................................3-3
P1 Host Serial Connector.............................................................................................3-9
P2 Serial Channel 0 ...................................................................................................3-10
Supported Data Types ...............................................................................................5-10
iRISM Variables............................................................................................................6-1
iRISM Registers ...........................................................................................................6-6
80186 EB Board Manual Parts List ............................................................................. A-1
80186 EC Board Manual Parts List............................................................................. A-4
vi
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A
1
About This Manual
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CHAPTER 1
ABOUT THIS MANUAL
1
This manual describes how to set up and use the Intel 186 EB/EC Evaluation Board. The board
is used to evaluate hardware and software performance and provide an “emulation-like” feel
when executing and debugging user-written code. This board operates at either 3.3 volts or 5.0
volts. It supports the following processors:
• 80C186EB/80C188EB
• 80L186EB/80L188EB
• 80C186EC/80C188EC
• 80L186EC/80L188EC.
The 3.3 V, 16 MHz 80L186EB or 80L186EC processor is installed on the evaluation board. This
manual covers both processors.
1.1 CONTENT OVERVIEW
Chapter 1, About This Manual — This chapter contains an overview of this manual.
Chapter 2, Getting Started — This chapter describes the Intel 186 EC/EB Evaluation Board, and
provides setup instructions.
Chapter 3, Hardware Overview — This chapter describes the evaluation board hardware, such
as connectors, jumpers, memory configuration, and power supply.
Chapter 4, Introduction to the Software — This chapter provides an overview of the software
used on the evaluation board and the host computer.
Chapter 5, iECM-86 Commands — This chapter describes the iECM-86 software, which runs
on the host computer.
Chapter 6, iRISM-186 Commands — This chapter describes the iRISM-186 software, which
runs on the evaluation board.
Appendix A, Parts List — This chapter contains a part list for both the EB and EC versions of
the evaluation board.
1-1
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INTEL 186 EB/EC EVALUATION BOARD USER’S MANUAL
1.2 NOTATION CONVENTIONS
The following notation conventions are used in this manual.
#
Pound symbol (#) appended to a signal name indicates that the signal is
active low.
italics
Italics identify variables and indicate new terms.
In text, identifies commands (instructions).
bold sans-serif
typewriter
font
This font is used for code examples. All characters are equal width; this is
useful for maintaining accurate character spacing.
UPPERCASE
In text, signal names are shown in uppercase. When several signals share a
common name, each signal is represented by the signal name followed by a
number; the group is represented by the signal name followed by a variable
(n). In code examples, signal names are shown in the case required by the
software development tool in use.
Designations for Hexadecimal numbers are represented by a string of hex digits followed by
hexadecimal and the letter H. A zero prefix is added to numbers that begin with A through F.
binary numbers (FF is shown as 0FFH.) For binary numbers, the letter B may be appended
for clarity.
Units of
Measure
mA
milliamps, milliamperes
amps, amperes
kilobits, kilobytes
kilo-ohms
A
Kbit, Kbyte
NOTE:
KΩ
Units listed are
frequently used;
other units and
symbolsare used
as necessary.
Mbit, Mbyte
megabits, megabytes
kilohertz, megahertz
milliseconds
KHz, MHz
ms
µs
ns
µF
W
V
microseconds
nanoseconds
microfarads
watts
volts
1-2
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ABOUT THIS MANUAL
1.3 RELATED DOCUMENTS
You can order Intel product literature from the following Intel literature centers.
1
1-800-548-4725
708-296-9333
U.S. and Canada
U.S. (from overseas)
Europe (U.K.)
Germany
44(0)1793-431155
44(0)1793-421333
44(0)1793-421777
81(0)120-47-88-32
France
Japan (fax only)
The following documents may be useful for designing applications using this evaluation board.
Document Name
Intel Order #
80C186EB/80C188EB Microprocessor User’s Manual
80C186EC/80C188EC Microprocessor User’s Manual
80C186EB/80C188EB and 80L186EB /80L188EB datasheet
80C186EC/80C188EC and 80L186EC/80L188EC datasheet
Flash Memory databook
270830
272047
272433
272434
210830
Application Notes
AP484: Interfacing a Floppy Disk Drive to an 80C186EX Family Processor
AP730: Interfacing the 82C59A-2 to Intel186 Family Processors
272339
272822
272823
AP731: Understanding the Interrupt Control Unit of the
80C186EC/80C188EC
ApBuilder and Hypertext
80C186EC/80C188EC Hypertext Manual & Datasheet
272298
272216
ApBuilder Interactive Programming Tool Software Package
1-3
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INTEL 186 EB/EC EVALUATION BOARD USER’S MANUAL
1.4 ELECTRONIC SUPPORT SYSTEMS
Intel’s FaxBack* service provides up-to-date technical information. Intel also offers a variety of
information on the World Wide Web. These systems are available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week,
providing technical information whenever you need it.
1.4.1 FaxBack Service
FaxBack is an on-demand publishing system that sends documents to your fax machine. You can
get product announcements, change notifications, product literature, device characteristics,
design recommendations, and quality and reliability information.
1-800-525-3019 (US or Canada)
+44-1793-496646 (Europe)
+65-256-5350 (Singapore)
+852-2-844-4448 (Hong Kong)
+886-2-514-0815 (Taiwan)
+822-767-2594 (Korea)
+61-2-975-3922 (Australia)
1-503-264-6835 or 1-916-356-3105 (Worldwide)
1.4.2 World Wide Web
Intel offers a variety of information through the World Wide Web (http://www.intel.com/).
1-4
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ABOUT THIS MANUAL
1.5 TECHNICAL SUPPORT
Table 1-1. Customer Support Telephone Numbers
Customer Support (US and Canada)
800-628-8686
1
Australia
National
Sydney
008-257-307
61-2-975-3300
61-3-810-2141
Belgium, Netherlands, and Luxembourg
010-4071-111
Canada
Finland
France
Contact local distributor
358-0-544-644
33-1-30-57-72-22
Germany
Hardware: 49-89-903-8529
Software: 49-89-903-2025
Israel
Italy
972-3-548-3232
39-02-89200950
0120-1-80387
46-8-7340100
Japan
Sweden
1-5
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2
Getting Started
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GETTING STARTED
This chapter describes the Intel 186 EC/EB Evaluation Board kit, and provides setup instructions.
Figure 2-1 shows the 80x186 EB Evaluation Board layout, and Figure 2-2 shows the EC board
layout. Refer to these figures when you are following the instructions in this chapter for setting
up your evaluation board.
2
C32
+5V GND
5V/3V Select
C22 R9
C33
P1
C26
C31
C25
R10
C20
C21
U11
U7
R11
C28
R3
C27
D2
P2
C9
U14
U12
U6
R6
U4
C24 C23
C14
C4
D1
S1
V
V
CC
CC
186/188
SELECT
FLASH
PWRDN
C15
T1OUT
T0OUT
GND
P2.2
T0IN
T1IN
GND
INT0
INT1
INT2
INT3
INT4
GND
R4
P2.3
Q1
C30
R12
R13
C10
C16
L1
BCLK0
P2.6
R8
R1
P2.7
GND
+5V
GCS6#
GCS7#
C17
C18
+12V
C19
Y1
U1
C1
A5289-01
Figure 2-1. Intel 186 EB Evaluation Board Layout
2-1
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INTEL 186 EB/EC EVALUATION BOARD USER’S MANUAL
C32
+5V GND
5V/3V Select
C21 R11
C30
C33
P1
C31
C24
U11 R12
R13
C20
C22
U6
C26
C25
P2
C4
L1
C5
U5
U3
U14
U12
U8
C9
C28 C23
Y1
C13
R8 R7
T0IN
T1IN
CC
T1OUT
T0OUT
U4
D1
V
V
CC
INT0
INT1
P3.0
P3.1
P3.2
P3.3
P3.4
P3.5
WDTOUT#
GND
BCLK0
P2.3
U9
R9
R4
Q1
186/188
SELECT
FLASH
PWRDN
INT2
INT3
INT4
INT5
C7
R5
R6
S1
INT6
C17
R10
INT7
U10
INTA#
GND
DRQ0
DRQ1
DRQ2
DRQ3
GND
GCS6#
GCS7#
RXD1
TXD1
P2.6
CTS1#
GND
C18
U1
C1
C14
+5V
+12V
A5288-01
Figure 2-2. Intel 186 EC Evaluation Board Layout
2-2
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GETTING STARTED
2.1 SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS
• IBM* PC AT, XT or BIOS-compatible computer host system (interfaces via COM1 or
COM2 at 9600 baud).
• 5 V power supply (the connector housing and contact pins are included in the kit).
2.2 WHAT’S IN YOUR KIT
2
Evaluation Board
Your kit includes a board with either a 3.3 volt, 16 MHz
80L186EB or 80L186EC microprocessor installed. Separately
packaged components included with the board are 5 VDC ver-
sions of the microprocessor and SRAM for conversion to a
5 VDC evaluation platform.
Monitor Program
The Embedded Controller Monitor (ECM) program supports
basic software and hardware evaluation and basic debug facilities
(LOAD, GO, STEP, etc.) on the evaluation board. The ECM con-
sists of two programs: RISM-186 executes in the evaluation board
and ECM-86 executes in an IBM PC or BIOS-compatible com-
puter, called the host PC. These two programs communicate
through an asynchronous serial channel using a binary protocol
defined specifically for this application.
The source code for the monitor software is provided on a diskette
included in your kit; this allows you to update the software for
various operating conditions in your target application.
Contents on Disk
In addition to Flash downloading software, a diskette provided in
the kit contains schematics, a pld file for the programmable logic
device used on the board, and a sample assembly file for working
the with LCD display. Compiler software is not included in the
kit.
Software Development
Kit
The kit provides a software development kit, which includes a
software debugger, locator, and sample code.
Flash Loading
Utility
Users can download application programs to the on-board Flash
memory for execution. The Flash loading utility is contained on a
diskette, and a separate manual, the CQI Flash Loader User’s
Manual, provides instructions for using this utility.
Serial Cable
A serial cable is provided to connect the evaluation board to the
host PC.
2-3
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INTEL 186 EB/EC EVALUATION BOARD USER’S MANUAL
2.3 VIEWING THE BOARD SCHEMATICS
The schematics provided on the diskette are in the Adobe* Acrobat .pdf format. You can view
and print the schematics using the Acrobat Reader. The Reader is available at no charge from the
(http://www.adobe.com/).
2.4 SETTING UP THE EVALUATION BOARD AND THE HOST PC
This section tells you how to set up the board for use with a host PC. This section assumes you
won’t be using some of the advanced features of the board when you first power it up. For
additional options, such as selecting 80188 evaluation mode, refer to Chapter 3, “Hardware
Overview.”
1. Make sure you are in a static-free environment before removing any components from
their anti-static packaging. The evaluation board is susceptible to electro-static discharge
damage; such damage may cause product failure or unpredictable operation.
2. Inspect the contents of your kit. Make sure that all items are included. Check for damage
that may have occurred during shipment. Contact your sales representative if any items are
missing or damaged.
CAUTION: Many of the connectors on the evaluation board provide power through non-
evaluation board and may damage the device being connected. Use extreme
caution when preparing to connect cables to this product.
5 VDC ± 10% power supply plugged into the J2 power connector (see Figures 2-1
and 2-2). This 5 volt signal is stepped down to 3.3 volts on the board. The connector
housing and contact pins provided in your kit match the power supply to the J2 connector.
To select 5 V, place a jumper on pins B and C of jumper E1. To select 3 V, place a jumper
on pins A and B of jumper E1. See Figures 2-1 and 2-2 for jumper locations.
All devices on the board operate at both 3.3 volts and 5.0 volts (except the LCD display,
which is hardwired to 5 volts). This option allows comparison of current consumption
when running code at either voltage. Separately packaged 5 V versions of the 80C186
processor and SRAM must be installed on the board for 5 V operation.
2-4
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GETTING STARTED
4. Apply power to the host PC and the evaluation board.
When power is applied to the board, the message “i186 Ex 3V/5V EV” should appear
across the LCD display. This message indicates board initialization is complete. If the
message does not appear, press the reset button (S1).
Connect one end of the standard 9-pin AT-type serial connector to header P1 on the
evaluation board. Connect the other end to the COM1 port of the host computer. (You can
use COM2 if you need to, but you’ll have to specify COM2 when you run the Monitor
Software.) The PC and board communicate at 9600 baud.
2
After connection to the PC, the processor may appear to be held in the reset state. The
reason this occurs is that one of the host signals is used to reset the board. This signal may
be active prior to invoking the ECM86 host software on the PC. The PC and board
communicate at 9600 baud.
5. Insert the ECM-86 floppy disk provided with your kit in the floppy drive on the host PC.
You can run the ECM86 program directly from the diskette or copy the contents of the
diskette to your hard drive.
6. At the DOS prompt, change to the floppy disk drive (or to the directory to which you
copied the files in the previous step) and enter this command:
ECM86
After a moment, the PC should display the ECM86 monitor screen.
Complete information on using the monitor software is located in Chapters 4 and 5.
2-5
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3
Hardware Overview
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HARDWARE OVERVIEW
CHAPTER 3
HARDWARE OVERVIEW
The evaluation board comes with a 16 MHz 80L186 EB or EC processor, 512 Kbytes of Flash
(containing the iRISM-186 monitor and a Flash loader utility in the boot block), and 256 Kbytes
of SRAM. The expansion connector (JP1) supports up to 1 Mbyte of external memory and
64 Kbytes of external I/O. Refer to Figures 2-1 and 2-2 for the exact locations of connectors,
jumpers and headers listed in this chapter.
3
The board utilizes the high peripheral integration of the 186 product family. The programmable
chip-selects support on-board memory, expansion memory, and the LCD interface. The
timer/counter unit controls timing for LCD display accesses. The serial control unit communi-
cates with the host PC through the iECM-86 software and the Flash loader host software. Finally,
the I/O port unit controls on-board power management functions (enable/disable serial drivers
and +12 volts).
Other on-chip peripherals are made available for hardware expansion via the JP1, JP2, and P2
connectors. The following sections describe in detail the specific devices used on the board.
3.1 JUMPER SUMMARY
Table 3-1. 80x186EB/EC Evaluation Board Jumper Settings
Jumper
Name
Description
Options
E1
5 V/3 V Select
Selects voltage (5 V or 3.3 V) that
will be present on VCC power plane.
A-B = 3.3 V†
B-C = 5 V
E2
LA19/WRT PROT Selects options for Flash WP# pin.
Includes option to make LA19
available to Flash pin 2 for upgrading
to 8-MBIT component
A-B = Write protect boot block†
B-C = Unlock boot block
B-D = Add LA19 for 8- MBIT
Flash
(PA28F800BV).
E3
E4
V
PP Select
Selects 5 V or 12 V programming
voltage, as well as GND to remove
all program and erase capabilities.
A-B = Total WRT protect†
B-C = 12 V program voltage
B-D = 5 V program voltage
Flash Powerdown Selects options for Flash RP# pin.
A-B = Normal†
For normal operation, SW-RES# is
selected. To unlock boot block
(regardless of WP#), 12 V is
selected.
Select
B-C = Program boot block
override
E5
186/188 Select
Jumper for appropriate processor
type.
A-B = 188 processor installed
B-C = 186 processor installed†
†
Default setting
3-1
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INTEL 186 EB/EC EVALUATION BOARD USER’S MANUAL
3.2 MICROPROCESSOR
The core of the evaluation board is the 80x186 microprocessor. This processor operates at
3.3 volts up to 16 MHz in this board. Alternatively, the board can be configured to run at 5 volts
up to 33 MHz. To vary the CPU clock speed, an appropriate frequency value oscillator must be
installed at location U3 on the EC board and at location U5 on the EB board. The oscillator
operates at twice the frequency of the installed processor.
The 80x186 processor offers the following features:
• 16-bit data bus
• 1 Mbyte address space
• 2 on-chip UARTs
• 10 programmable chip-selects
• Interrupt control unit
• 3 programmable timer/counters
• Power management unit
• 32-bit watchdog timer (EC only)
• 4 DMA channels (EC only)
The 8-bit bus version of the processor (80C188/80L188) may also be used in this board. To
configure the board to operate with an 8-bit bus, jumper E5 must be in the A–B position. To
configure the board to operate with a 16-bit bus, jumper E5 must be in the B–C position. Many
of the processor’s on-chip peripherals can be accessed using the two expansion connectors on the
board (JP1 and JP2).
NOTE
Because host communications use the on-chip serial ports, changing the
operating frequency of the board requires the processor serial ports to be
reconfigured. The RISM monitor source code is provided on a floppy diskette
in your kit and is commented to indicate current register values.
3.2.1 Packaging
The 80x186 EC is packaged in a 100 lead PQFP and socket and the 80x186 EB is packaged in an
84 lead PLCC package and socket. Adaptors are available from Applied Microsystems Corp.*
and Emulation Technologies, Inc.* to allow for the connection of in-circuit emulators.
3-2
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3.3 MEMORY CONFIGURATION
The memory on the evaluation board can be divided into three types: Flash, SRAM, and
expansion. Flash memory contains the Flash loader utility, located in the boot block boundary,
and the RISM monitor program, beginning at F800:0000. Users can execute their test code from
instructions on programming the Flash memory. SRAM memory is used for the processor
interrupt vector table, stack allocation, and RISM data variables, and as a possible destination for
user-written code downloaded on the host interface. Expansion memory can be accessed through
the expansion interface, if required.
3
Table 3-2 shows the logical memory map and Figure 3-1 shows the physical memory map of the
evaluation board.
Table 3-2. Logical Memory Map
Memory Area
Start (H)
Stop (H)
Size
SRAM
Flash
0000:0000
8000:0000
FC00:0000
4000:0000
0000:0400
2000:0000
F000:FFFF
F000:FFFF
8000:0000
0000:0440
128 Kbytes
512 Kbytes
16 Kbytes
256 Kbytes
64 bytes
Flash Boot Block
Expansion
LCD (I/O)
3-3
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Memory Space
IO Space
FFFFFH
FFFFFH
FFFFH
FF00H
Peripheral
Control Block
Flash Loader Utility* (16 K)
FC000H
UCS
Flash
512 K
0440H
0400H
LCD Control
80000H
Expansion
256 K
GCS5
40000H
LCS
Unused
LCS 20000H
SRAM
128 K
00000H
Interrupt Vector Table at 00000H to 003FFH (1 K)
UCS — Upper Chip Select
GCS7 — Expansion I/O
Start: 80000H
Stop: FFFFF (Flash 512 K)
Start: 400H
Stop: 500H
• 3 Wait States
• Zero Wait States
• Active for Memory Bus Cycles
• Bus Ready Not Required
• Ignore Stop Address
• Active for I/O Bus Cycles
• Bus Ready Required
LCS — Lower Chip Select
Start: 0000H
Stop: 40000H
(SRAM 128 K)
GCS2 — LCD Display I/O
Start: 400H
Stop: 440H
• 2 Wait States
• Stop Address Required
• Active for Memory Bus Cycles
• Bus Ready Ignored
• 8 Wait States
• Active for I/O Bus Cycles
• Bus Ready Ignored
GCS5 — Expansion Memory
Start: 40000H
Stop: 80000H (Expansion 256 K)
• Zero Wait States
• Ignore Stop Address
• Active for Memory Bus Cycles
• Bus Ready Required
* As shipped, RISM is located at F800:0000 and pointed to by the Flash loader utility during boot-up.
Figure 3-1. Physical Memory Map
3-4
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3.3.1 Flash (Program Memory)
Flash memory, as configured in the RISM monitor, is mapped to the upper 512 Kbytes of the
1 Mbyte 80x186 processor address space. The board includes a single 4 Mbit, 32-pin PSOP Flash
device at location U9 with 110 ns access time at 3.3 V and 60 ns access time at 5 V. This memory
runs with one wait state at 5 volts/20 MHz and 3.3 volts/16 MHz.
The device data bus can be configured to be either 8 or 16 bits wide (corresponding to the
80x188and the 80x186 processor, respectively). Jumper E5 determines the Flash bus width.
When E5 is in the A–B position, the bus is 8 bits wide; when E5 is in the B–C position, the bus
is 16 bits wide. The configurable bus width allows access to all 512 Kbytes of Flash memory.
3
If a user application requires nonvolatile memory for storage, Flash can be erased and written by
jumpering E3 for either 5 V or 12 V programming voltage (VPP) and using the proper
programming algorithm. The SmartVoltage* Flash device can be programmed using either
voltage. The Flash loader utility is located in the Flash boot block (upper 16 Kbytes, FC000h to
FFFFFh). Writes to this region are prohibited, regardless of the voltage on VPP, unless the RP#
input is at +12 volts or jumper E2 is set to unlock the boot block. Jumper E4 controls the voltage
on RP#. When E4 is in the B–C position, the +12 volt supply is connected to RP#. When E4 is in
the A–B position, RP# is connected to the board reset signal.
CAUTION: To access boot block memory, E4 must be in the B–C position and Port Pin 1.1
must be programmed to a logic 0 (enabling +12 volts). Accessing the boot block is
not recommended, as the Flash loader utility code could be corrupted.
3.3.1.1
Setting Up the Board for Flash Downloading
You can use the Flash utility host program, FLASHLDR.EXE, provided in the kit to download
your application program to the Flash memory. Upon reset or power-up, the Flash loader reads
port pin to determine whether to execute a loaded program, such as RISM, or download new
software to Flash memory.
To set up the board for Flash downloading:
1. Power-off the evaluation board and disconnect the serial cable from the PC.
2. Port pin P2.6 on the secondary header (JP2) controls which programs execute at start-up.
Connect P2.6 to the +5 volt pin with jumper wire and 10 kΩ resistor. Figure 3-2 illustrates
this connection.
CAUTION: A 10 kΩ resistor is required when jumpering from the P2.6 pin to the 5 volt pin; if
this configuration is not used, the processor’s port control hardware could be
damaged.
3-5
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V
V
CC
CC
T1OUT
T0OUT
GND
T0IN
T1IN
GND
INT0
INT1
INT2
INT3
INT4
GND
GCS6#
GCS7#
Jumper Wire
P2.2
P2.3
BCLK0
P2.6
P2.7
10K ohm
GND
+5V
+12V
Jumper Wire
186 EB Connector JP2
T0IN
T1IN
T1OUT
T0OUT
V
V
CC
CC
INT0
INT1
P3.0
P3.1
INT2
P3.2
INT3
P3.3
INT4
P3.4
INT5
P3.5
INT6
WDTOUT#
GND
Jumper Wire
INT7
INTA#
GND
BCLK0
P2.3
DRQ0
DRQ1
DRQ2
DRQ3
GND
RXD1
TXD1
P2.6
CTS1#
GND
10K ohm
GCS6#
GCS7#
+5V
+12V
Jumper Wire
2
1
186 EC Connector JP2
A5420-01
Figure 3-2. Jumper Assembly for Flash Downloading
3. Reconnect the serial cable and power-up the board.
You should notice that the text CQFLASH LOADER now displays on the LED, signaling
that the board is ready for Flash downloading.
When the jumper assembly is installed, the Flash target program waits for commands from the
PC host, allowing you to use the provided Flash loader utility program to download programs to
the Flash.
3-6
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If this text does not display on the LED, indicating a problem with the jumper assembly, the board
boots as if no Flash loader assembly is installed; that is, the Flash target program immediately
starts the loaded user application program (for example, the iRISM monitor software).
You can find complete instructions for using the Flash utility program in the CQI Flash Loader
User Manual included in your kit.
3.3.2 SRAM (Static Memory)
3
SRAM occupies the lower 128 Kbytes of memory starting at location 00000H. This memory is
used by the processor for interrupt vectors and stack allocation, by the RISM for program
variables, and by the user for downloaded code. The board includes two 1-Mbit, 32-pin SRAMs
with 17 ns access time at 3.3 volts. SRAMs are socketed to allow installation of 5 V SRAMs
(17 ns access time).
To allow insertion of both the 80x186 processor and the 80x188 processor, the memory is
configured such that only 128 Kbytes of the SRAM is accessible, even though 256 Kbytes of
SRAM are installed on the board.
3.4 PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC
All glue logic required by the evaluation board is implemented on a GAL 22LV10C-15. The PLD
file located on the floppy diskette in your kit includes logic equations for this device. The logic
implemented includes the following:
• Inverting the Port Pin signal controlling VPP (so VPP is disabled at reset)
• Controlling the 8-bit/16-bit configuration for the Flash device
• Decoding the Enable signal for the LCD display
3-7
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3.5 POWER SUPPLY
The power supply connects to J2 on the board schematic. Pin 1 must connect to +5 volts and pin
2 must connect to ground. The supply is then regulated to 3.3 volts by the on-board circuitry. The
V
CC for the board is controlled by jumper E1. When E1 is in the A–B position, VCC = 3.3 volts;
when E1 is in the B–C position, VCC = 5.0 volts. VCC is converted to +12 volts for optional Flash
programming voltage.
E1
A
VCC = 3.3 volts
VCC = 5.0 volts
A – B
B – C
B
C
A2607-01
Figure 3-3. E1 Jumper
The LCD display controller VCC pin connects directly to the 5 volt supply, not the VCC plane,
allowing 5 volt operation only.
2
1
+5VDC - VCC
Ground - VSS
Figure 3-4. J2 Power Connector
The Maxim* MAX750 component at U6 (EC) or U7 (EB) is a current-mode DC-DC converter.
This device takes the 5 volt supply and steps it down to 3.3 volts. This voltage output is always
supplied to provide VCC for the processor, memory, and logic when selected at E1.
3-8
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HARDWARE OVERVIEW
The Maxim MAX734 located at U11 is also a current-mode DC-DC converter. This device steps
up the VCC voltage to +12.0 volts. This voltage output is supplied to provide a VPP option for
Flash memory programming. The SHDN# input (pin 1) connects to a port pin (P1.1) on the
processor through an inverter. At reset, SHDN# is driven low to disable the +12 volt signal. The
output remains disabled until Port Pin 1.1 is programmed to a logic 0. When SHDN# is low, the
output (pin 8) is VCC minus a diode drop. The evaluation board uses SmartVoltage Flash. To
prevent unintentional writes to Flash, set jumpers E2 and E3 as indicated in Table 3-1.
3
3.6 SERIAL INTERFACE
Connector P1 connects to your PC’s serial port. P1 interfaces pin-to-pin with a standard nine-pin
RS-232 serial connector. Verify that the cable being used provides all signals required.
Table 3-3. P1 Host Serial Connector
Pin
Nos.
Host RS-232
Signal Name
Connection on
Evaluation Board
P1 Connector
1 (CF)
2 (BB)
3 (BA)
4 (CD)
5 (AB)
6 (CC)
7 (CA)
8 (CB)
9 (CE)
DCD Data Carrier Detect
RxD Receive Data
DTR P1-pin 4
TxD of MAX561
RxD of MAX561
INIT
TxD Transmit Data
1
2
3
4
5
DTR Data Terminal Ready
SG Signal Ground
Digital Ground
DTR P1-pin4
CTS P1-pin8
RTS P1-pin7
Run Indicator
6
9
7
8
DSR Data Set Ready
RTS Request To Send
CTS Clear To Send
RI Ring Indicator
Connector P2 is an additional serial port for user applications. Receive, Transmit, and Clear-to-
Send are connected. Other connector pins are routed to test points on the board.
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Table 3-4. P2 Serial Channel 0
Pin
Nos.
Host RS-232
Signal Name
Connection on
Evaluation Board
P2 Connector
1 (CF)
2 (BB)
3 (BA)
DCD Data Carrier Detect
RxD Receive Data
Test Point 1
RxD
TxD Transmit Data
TxD
4 (CD) DTR Data Terminal Ready Test Point 4
1
2
3
4
5
5 (AB)
6 (AB)
SG Signal Ground
Digital Ground
Test Point 2
Test Point 3
CTS
DSR Data Set Ready
6
9
7
8
7 (CD) RTS Request To Send
8 (BA)
9 (BB)
CTS Clear To Send
RI Ring Indicator
Test Point 5
The two serial connectors are connected to the Maxim MAX561, an EIA/TIA-562
Driver/Receiver. This device operates from a 3.3 volt VCC (or 5 volts, optionally). The EIA/TIA-
562 standard is a low voltage serial communications protocol. This protocol operates at ±3.7
volts. The 3.3 volt signals from the board are charge-pumped to ±6.6 volt levels internally,
conforming to this standard. Signals from the serial connectors, P1 and P2, are translated to a 3.3
volt level. Output from this device is recognized by EIA/TIA-232-D receivers, and inputs can
handle EIA/TIA-232-D levels without damaging the device. The MAX561 SHDN pin (pin 25)
connects to port pin 1.0 on the 80x186 processor. When this pin is programmed to a logic 1, the
Maxim device will go into shutdown mode, reducing current consumption to leakage. During
initialization, port pin 1.0 is programmed to a logic 0 to enable communication with the host PC.
Serial communications on the evaluation board are controlled by the 80x186 processor on-chip
serial ports. Serial Port 0 on the microprocessor handles PC communications via connector P1.
Serial Port 1 is available for user applications via connector P2. The 80x186 processor supports
synchronous serial communications as well as various modes of asynchronous communications.
The time base for the host interface is a 6.0 MHz oscillator connected to BCLK0, the external
serial clock input on the 80x186 processor. This allows the user to change the processor operating
frequency without altering the baud rate.
NOTE
(which is half the clock input frequency). Operating the processor below
12.288 MHz requires reprogramming the serial control unit on the 80x186
processor. The source code for the RISM monitor is provided on a floppy
diskette included in your kit for this purpose.
Figure 3-5 on page 3-11 illustrates the adaptor cable needed if your PC has a 25-pin serial port
connector.
3-10
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HARDWARE OVERVIEW
To Host PC
Shield Ground
1
14
2
TXD
RXD
RTS
CTS
DSR
15
3
16
4
3
17
5
To Evaluation Board
18
6
1
6
2
7
3
8
4
9
5
DCD
DSR
RXD
RTS
TXD
CTS
DTR
RI
19
7
GND
DTR
DCD
20
8
21
9
GND
RI
22
10
23
11
24
12
25
13
P1
Note:
Signal mnemonics are referenced to the host.
A2343-02
Figure 3-5. 25-Pin to 9-Pin Adaptor
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3.7 EXPANSION INTERFACE
There are two expansion connectors on the evaluation board. Refer to the schematics included on
(Figure 3-7) provides latched address pins and the address/data bus signals. This connector also
provides access to all bus-control signals, programmable chip-selects, +3.3 volts, +5 volts, and
+12 volts. The JP2 connector provides access to on-chip peripherals of the 80x186 processor.
This connector allows access to interrupt inputs, timer inputs and outputs, port pins, CLKOUT,
RESOUT, +3.3 volts, +5 volts, and +12 volts. The JP2 connector contains 40 pins for the EC
processors (see Figure 3-6) and 24 pins for the EB processors (see Figure 3-7).
NOTE
3.3 volts is available on the connector only when jumper E1 selects VCC = 3.3
volts; otherwise, these pins are 5 volts. +12 volts is available on the connector
only when Port Pin 1.1 is programmed to a logic 0; otherwise, these pins are
V
CC minus a diode drop.
V
.............................. 1
2 - T1OUT
4 - T0OUT
SS
T1IN............................. 3
.............................. 5
V
6 - V
CC
CC
INT0............................. 7
INT1............................. 9
INT2............................. 11
INT3............................. 13
INT4............................. 15
INT5............................. 17
INT6............................. 19
INT7............................. 21
INTA#........................... 23
8 - P3.0
10 - P3.1
12 - P3.2
14 - P3.3
16 - P3.4
18 - P3.5
20 - WDTOUT#
22 - V
SS
24 - BCLK0
26 - P2.3
V
............................... 25
SS
DRQ0........................... 27
DRQ1........................... 29
DRQ2........................... 31
DRQ3........................... 33
28 - RXD1
30 - TXD1
32 - P2.6
34 - CTS1#
V
............................... 35
36 - V
SS
SS
GCS6#.......................... 37
GCS7#.......................... 39
38 - +5VDC
40 - +12VDC
Figure 3-6. 186 EC Peripheral Expansion Connector JP2 (40 pin)
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HARDWARE OVERVIEW
V
............
1
3
5
7
9
2 - V
CC
CC
T1OUT.......
T0OUT.......
4 - T0IN
6 - T1IN
V
.............
8 - V
SS
SS
P2.2............
10 - INT0
12 - INT1
14 - INT2
16 - INT3
18 - INT4
P2.3............ 11
BCLK0........ 13
P2.6............ 15
P2.7............ 17
3
V
............. 19
20 - V
SS
SS
+5V............. 21
+12V........... 23
22 - GCS6#
24 - GCS7#
Figure 3-7. 186 EB Peripheral Expansion Connector JP2 (24 pin)
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JP1 Memory - I/O Expansion Connector
2x30 Pin Molex* 39-51-6004 or Equivalent
V
.............................. 1
2 - V
CC
CC
LA0 Output.................. 3
LA1 Output.................. 5
LA2 Output.................. 7
LA3 Output.................. 9
LA4 Output.................. 11
LA5 Output.................. 13
LA6 Output.................. 15
LA7 Output.................. 17
4 - D0 Bidirectional
6 - D1 Bidirectional
8 - D2 Bidirectional
10 - D3 Bidirectional
12 - D4 Bidirectional
14 - D5 Bidirectional
16 - D6 Bidirectional
18 - D7 Bidirectional
V
.............................. 19
20 - V
SS
SS
LA8 Output.................. 21
LA9 Output................. 23
LA10 Output................ 25
LA11 Output................ 27
LA12 Output................ 29
LA13 Output................ 31
LA14 Output................ 33
LA15 Output................ 35
22 - D8 Bidirectional
24 - D9 Bidirectional
26 - D10 Bidirectional
28 - D11 Bidirectional
30 - D12 Bidirectional
32 - D13 Bidirectional
34 - D14 Bidirectional
36 - D15 Bidirectional
V
...............................37
38 - V
SS
SS
LA16.............................39
LA17............................ 41
LA18........................... 43
LA19........................... 45
RD#............................ 47
WR#............................ 49
BHE#.......................... 51
RESOUT..................... 53
DEN#........................... 55
DT-R#......................... 57
40 - HLDA
42 - HOLD
44 - READY Input
46 - ALE
48 - LOCK#
50 - NMI
52 - GCS5#
54 - +12 VDC
56 - +5 VDC
58 - CLKOUT
V
.............................. 59
60 - V
SS
SS
Figure 3-8. CPU Bus Expansion (EB and EC)
3-14
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HARDWARE OVERVIEW
3.8 LCD INTERFACE
The evaluation board includes a 16-character by 1-line LCD display. The display has an 8-bit
interface and is designed to operate at up to 20 MHz. The display includes a Hitachi* 44780 LCD
display controller that takes care of functions such as character interpretation and display refresh.
The display is write-only. This is because the display controller operates at 5 volts VCC. A 5-volt
part driving a 3.3-volt bus can damage parts operating at 3.3 volts VCC. This means that the
BUSY pin of the processor cannot be monitored to determine when the processor is ready for the
next command, so a delay loop must be used to allow the display to finish commands.
3
Signals from the 80x186 processor can be connected directly to the LCD controller inputs,
regardless of VCC, because 3.3 volt and 5 volt outputs are compatible with 5 volt TTL level
inputs.
The LCD display is mapped in I/O space at 400H to 440H. All command and data writes to the
display are to this address. Port pin 1.4 is used to control which LCD register is accessed. P1.4 = 0
accesses the command register; P1.4 = 1 accesses the data register.
3.8.1 LCD Interface Demo
The diskette provided in your kit includes a file, LCD_DEMO.ASM, that contains source code
you can assemble and load onto the board (using iECM). You can execute the program for a
demonstration of the basic principals of operating the LCD display module. This program prints
a static message to the display. The source code is commented to serve as a tutorial and can be
adapted as needed for other applications and messages. Note that although the LCD module is
capable of displaying standard ASCII (characters 32 through 125) or custom characters, this
demo uses only ASCII characters.
For more information regarding the operation of the display controller, please refer to the Hitachi
LCD Controller/Driver LSI Data Book.
3-15
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4
Introduction to the
Software
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CHAPTER 4
INTRODUCTION TO THE SOFTWARE
The Intel 186 EC/EB Evaluation Board uses an Embedded Controller Monitor (ECM) written for
the 80x186 family of 16-bit microprocessors. This monitor supports basic debug facilities
(LOAD, GO, STEP, etc.) in the user’s target system. The ECM is broken into two independent
programs. One of these (iRISM-186) executes in the evaluation board and the other (iECM-86)
executes in an IBM PC or BIOS-compatible computer. These two programs communicate via an
asynchronous serial channel using a binary protocol defined specifically for this application.
4
The partitioning of the ECM into two separate programs supports a number of goals:
• The system is easy to adapt to a new target because the code that runs in the target is very
simple and small.
• The feature set of the user interface is not limited by the resources of the target, since the
user interface is implemented in the host PC.
• Concurrent operation of the ECM and the target system is easily achieved. This allows you
to interrogate and (carefully) modify the state of the target system while it is running.
This chapter describes the user interface provided by the iECM-86, the interface between this PC-
resident software and the target-resident software, and the structure of the software in the target.
The board uses the internal 80x186 EB/EC serial port for host communications.
The iECM-86 software was created by Intel to support users of the 80x186 architecture and is
placed in the public domain with no restrictions or warranties of any kind.
4.1 SOFTWARE FEATURES
The iECM-86 software has the following features:
• Sixteen software execution breakpoints
• Concurrent interrogation of target memory and registers
• Supports BYTE, CHARACTER, WORD, STRING, DOUBLE WORD, and REAL variable
types
• Supports LOAD, SAVE, LIST, LOG, and command INCLUDE files
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4.2 RESTRICTIONS
Two words of the user stack are reserved for use by the iRISM-186 software. Other memory
and/or registers in the target memory are used by the iRISM-186 software. The exact amount and
location of this memory is implementation-dependent.
An asynchronous serial port capable of operation at 9600 baud must be available in the target
system. The RISM described in this document uses the 80x186 EB/EC internal serial port.
The TRAP instruction is reserved.
Breakpoints and program stepping will not operate if the user’s code is in Flash or other
nonchangeable memory.
4.3 EMBEDDED CONTROLLER MONITOR (ECM)
An ECM (Embedded Controller Monitor) is installed in your target system to provide basic debug
capability. Capabilities include loading object files into system RAM, examining and modifying
variables, executing code, and stepping through code. A personal computer acts as the host for
program translation and emulates a video display during user interaction with the ECM. The
ECM developed for the 80x186 family makes the assumption that the user interface is a personal
computer; no provision is made for interface to a CRT terminal. By making this assumption, it is
possible to reduce the size and complexity of the code that must be installed in the target system.
The term coined for this target-resident code is Reduced Instruction Set Monitor (RISM).
The RISM consists of about 2200 bytes of 80x186 code that provides primitive operations.
Software running in the host uses the RISM commands to provide a complete user interface to
the target system. The advantage of this approach is that the ECM can be readily adapted to
different target systems and requires only a small part of the available target memory space. The
disadvantage is that the user interface must be provided by a personal computer.
RISM is structured as a short section of initialization code and an interrupt service routine (ISR).
The ISR processes interrupts from the host system. The RISM ISR consists of a short prologue
the flow though the entire ISR (including the prologue) is 15-20 instructions. The serial commu-
nication occurs at 9600 baud, which limits the frequency of these interrupts to 1 KHz. In the worst
case, the board will be slowed by the execution of a fairly short RISM ISR every millisecond
while executing user code. It is possible to operate the board so that no real time is lost to the
iECM-86 unless the user is actively interrogating the target. See “Initiating and Terminating
iECM-86” on page 4-3 and the description of the RISM REPORT_STATUS code (Code 14H)
on page 6-5 for details.
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INTRODUCTION TO THE SOFTWARE
4.4 USER INTERFACE
The user interface to the iECM-86 supports commands to initiate and configure the ECM-86,
perform I/O operations involving DOS files, execute user programs, and interrogate variables in
the target system. Interrogation can be done in a number of formats and in most cases can be done
concurrently with user code execution.
4.4.1 Numeric Input
The command parser used by the iECM-86 software requires that numeric inputs always start
with the digits 0-9. Hexadecimal numbers that start with A–F must be preceded by a zero. For
example, enter “0AA55” instead of “AA55.” This requirement is similar to that of ASM86.
4
4.4.2 Controlling Lengthy Commands
Most of the commands supported by iECM-86 appear to complete without delay. Some
commands (for example, displaying or filling a large area of memory) take an appreciable length
of time to complete. In general, these commands can be aborted by pressing Enter. Those
commands that display a large amount of information can be paused by pressing the spacebar.
After you have checked the data on the screen, you can press the spacebar again to resume the
output.
4.4.3 Aborting from iECM-86
Press Ctrl+C to close any open files and return to DOS.
4.5 INITIATING AND TERMINATING iECM-86
This section describes the commands for invoking iECM-86 from DOS and exiting back to DOS.
4.5.1 ECM86
This command, entered at the DOS prompt, loads the iECM-86 software and executes it. Several
options are available with this command. Option strings always start with a hyphen (-) and can
be entered in upper or lower case. The operation of these options is described below. Any or all
of these options can be entered in any order. If the options are contradictory, the actual option
accepted is the last one entered.
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4.5.2 -COM2, -COM1
These options tell the iECM-86 software which serial communication port is to be used. If neither
option is entered, COM1 is used as a default. If iECM-86 detects valid CTS (Clear to Send) and
DSR (Data Set Ready) signals from the appropriate COM port, it signs on and displays a
command prompt. When the target is stopped, the command prompt is an asterisk (*). When the
target is already running, the prompt is a greater-than sign (>).
4.5.3 -DIAG
If CTS and DSR are not present, iECM-86 displays a warning message. You can choose to
proceed or exit. It is possible, but not likely, that iECM-86 will operate properly even after the
warning. It is more likely that there is a problem with the serial port or the cabling that prevents
proper operation.
If the problem is not obvious, such as a disconnected cable or no power to the target hardware,
use the -DIAG invocation option to help isolate the problem. The -DIAG option puts the iECM-
86 system in a special mode that allows many tests to be used to find interfacing problems or
target bugs.
The diagnostic mode is intended to support debugging of boards that use iECM-86 software. It
also provides a simple routine to check the communications interface between the host and the
target.
In the board, a serial port loop-back mode allows debugging the host/board interface. Upon reset,
the board is in the echo mode. Until it receives an ASCII slash (/) or backslash (\), it increments
every character it receives from the host and sends the incremented value back to the host. The
LCD displays the word “DIAGNOSTICS” when the board is in echo mode. If a backslash is
received by the RISM, the board leaves echo mode and starts normal operation. When a slash is
received, the board stops echoing incremented received data and starts responding to RISM
commands with the diagnostic flag set.
NOTE
The target hardware has to be reset before using the -DIAG option. When
executing diagnostic routines from Flash, certain commands such as
breakpoints and stepping will not work because they need to modify the code
to work properly.
When the host software is invoked in the diagnostic mode, it prompts you to enter characters on
the keyboard. These characters are sent to the target, and the response from the target is displayed
on screen. This is a simple confidence check on the serial communication channel. You are told
to enter a slash or backslash to terminate this mode and proceed in either the diagnostic mode or
the normal user’s mode. If the user interface is invoked without the -DIAG option, the software
immediately transmits a reverse-slash, which should put the target in the normal mode.
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INTRODUCTION TO THE SOFTWARE
4.5.4 -POLL, -SIGNAL
These two options control how the host software detects whether or not the user’s code is running.
If poll mode is selected, the host periodically polls the target with a REPORT_STATUS
command. This takes no additional hardware, but it forces the target to spend instruction cycles
responding to the poll. The signal mode avoids this overhead, but it requires that the target set the
Ring Indicator modem line before it issues a REPORT_STATUS command. If neither option is
selected, the signal mode is selected as a default. On the board, the P1.3 pin of 80x186 processor
is used to generate this running signal. Therefore, the signal mode is recommended. (The
REPORT_STATUS command is described on page 6-5.)
4
4.5.5 RESET SYSTEM, RES SYSTEM, RESET, RES
This command and its abbreviations reset the entire target hardware system. This command
operates by dropping the DTR modem control line. This comes into the target as DSR. After
dropping DTR, the iECM-86 software waits about 1 second to allow the target to complete its
initialization routines. The iECM-86 warns of this time delay and then ignores input from the host
PC until it expires. Unless special precautions are taken in the design of a target system, any data
in RAM (including downloaded object code) may be corrupted by the reset. On the board, the
RAM contents should not be affected by a reset.
4.5.6 DOS
This command enables you to temporarily leave iECM-86 and return to DOS. Once you have
suspended iECM-86, you may perform other functions in DOS, including using other software
programs such as ASM86, as long as there is sufficient memory to do so.
To re-enter iECM-86, type exit at the DOS prompt. iECM-86 returns with all conditions that were
in effect at the time it was suspended.
4.5.7 QUIT
This command closes any files that iECM-86 has opened and exits to DOS. Note that this
command can be used even if the target is running. iECM-86 sets the selected COM port to 9600
baud, 8 bits, no parity and one stop bit. The port is left in this state by iECM-86 when control is
returned to DOS.
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4.6 RELATED INFORMATION
All unreserved functions of the processor are available to you, except the Non-Maskable Interrupt
(NMI), the Breakpoint instruction (INT 3), the Trap Flag (TF), 16 Kbytes of address space, and
128 bytes of I/O space.
4.6.1 Reserved Functions
The Trap Flag and its vector in memory locations 4H–7H are reserved for use by the SSTEP
command and BREAKPOINTS.
The NMI pin and its vector in memory locations 8H–0BH are reserved for use by the host
interface.
The INT 3 instruction and its vector in memory locations 0CH–0FH are reserved for use by the
SSTEP command and BREAKPOINTS.
4.6.2 Reserved Memory
On-board Flash memory, as shipped, is 32 Kbytes from address 0H to 7FFFH.
Addresses 0H–3FFH are the interrupt vectors for the processor.
You must not alter the interrupt vectors from 4H–0FH.
Memory locations 400H–415H are reserved for use by the RISM monitor code. You must ensure
that no locations in this partition are used by code that is to operate with the RISM. The easiest
way of doing this is to generate an ASM-86 module that declares a DATA SEGMENT at 400H
that is 22 bytes long. This module can then be linked into the final program to prevent the linker
from assigning these registers to another module.
Fourteen words of user stack space must be reserved for use by the iRISM-186 software while
the board is processing a host interrupt. The CS:SP register pair is initialized by RISM to
0000H:0800H, providing a total stack size of 501 words before RISM data variables are
overwritten. If this is insufficient for your application, your code should alter the SP to a large
enough value. Normally, you should write your code to begin at address 800H and download it
to Flash memory using iECM-86. You should use any space left beneath your code as data
memory.
4.6.3 Reserved I/O
The I/O space from 400H–47FH is reserved for use by the host interface.
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5
iECM-86 Commands
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CHAPTER 5
iECM-86 COMMANDS
This chapter defines the iECM-86 software commands.
5.1 ENTERING COMMANDS
The syntax for iECM commands is shown below:
COMMAND metasymbol
iECM-86 command definitions use one or more of the following metasymbols:
5
addr
address
iECM-86 is able to interpret the microprocessor’s address space as
either a flat 20-bit array or through segmentation. A location
anywhere within the 1 Mbyte memory range may be specified by its
complete physical address, such as 0F1AC9H.
segment:offset
Memory may also be accessed by segments. Valid segment
references are the following (where segment and offset are valid
integers):
CS:offset
DS:offset
ES:offset
SS:offset
When using CS, DS, ES or SS, the full address is calculated using the
actual value of the appropriate target processor segment register.
In addition to the above registers, iECM-86 maintains four user-
definable registers that may be used for segment variables:
CB:offset
DB:offset
EB:offset
SB:offset
This facility is useful when reading from assembler listings, which
are typically offset from 0000. These base registers are used, for
example, as a base pointer to a block of memory for debug purposes.
CB could be loaded with the base address of a code module, then
breakpoints could be set using offsets from that base. Using these
internal iECM registers has no effect on the values of the target
processor's registers.
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bp_number
code_addr
Sixteen breakpoints are available to the user. This number selects
which breakpoint to access.
The code address may be specified by either segment: offset,
CS:offset, or CB:offset.
count
This denotes the number of times a command executes.
filename
This is the location (path) and name of the file you want to reference
(e.g., \progdir\program.obj).
value
Data to be entered in the current base notation.
5.2 FILE OPERATIONS
iECM-86 uses files in the host system to load and save object code, to enter predefined strings of
commands, to keep a log of commands that are entered by the user, and to keep a record of an
entire debug session that includes both the characters entered by the user and the responses
generated by iECM-86 on the host screen. The commands that operate with files are described in
the following sections.
5.2.1 Loading and Saving Object Code
iECM-86 accepts object files that are generated by Intel’s development tools. iECM-86 will not
accept files that contain unresolved externals or files that contain re-locatable records. These files
must be passed through LINK86 and/or LOC86 to resolve the externals and/or absolutely locate
the re-locatable segments. iECM-86 will also not accept HEX format files. The iECM-86
commands that operate on object files are the following:
LOAD filename
SAVE addr TO addr IN filename
The metasymbol filename means that a valid MS-DOS file name must be entered in that position
of the command string.
LOAD filename
This command loads the content records of the object
file filename into the target memory.
SAVE addr TO addr IN filename
This command saves a region of memory as an object
file that can be reloaded into the target memory at
some later time.
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iECM-86 COMMANDS
5.2.2 Other File Operations
In addition to object files, the iECM-86 makes use of include files, log files, and list files. Include
files contain commands to be executed by iECM-86. They must contain the exact sequence of
ASCII characters that you would enter from the keyboard to execute the command. Include files
can be tedious to create with a text editor, so iECM-86 can generate log files that store characters
entered by the user. These log files may be used later as include files to recreate command
sequences. List files keep a running record of commands entered by the user and the responses
generated by iECM-86. Comments can be included in list and log files to make them easier to
understand. A comment starts with a semicolon (;) and ends with a carriage return or ESC. The
semicolon is considered part of the comment, but the carriage return or ESC is not. The command
parser ignores comments but puts them in the list and log files.
The list and log file commands allow for default file names and allow either overwriting existing
data in the file or appending data at the end of the file. This allows you to gather list and log data
in the default files, which avoids creating and managing a large number of separate files. Log and
list files are stamped with the date and time whenever they are opened to facilitate using this
capability, then going back to sort out the data from several debug sessions with a text editor.
5
The following commands are used in include, log, and list operations.
INCLUDE filename
PAUSE
LIST
LIST filename
LOG
LOG filename
LISTOFF
LISTON
LOGOFF
LOGON
Three of these commands require you to supply a valid file name; the rest use the appropriate file
name that has already been entered.
INCLUDE filename
This command attempts to open filename as a read-only file. If the
file can be opened, the command parser takes commands from that
file until the end of the file is reached. The INCLUDE file is then
closed. Only one INCLUDE file is opened at a time.
PAUSE
This command is documented in this section because it is intended to
be used as part of INCLUDE files. It is not really a file-oriented
command itself. When this command is entered, the iECM-86 stops
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INTEL 186 EB/EC EVALUATION BOARD USER’S MANUAL
parsing commands until a space character is entered from the
keyboard (the space character can’t come from an INCLUDE file).
This allows the user to pause in the middle of an INCLUDE file
operation to see what is occurring and then acknowledge the pause
condition by pressing the space bar.
LIST
This command behaves like the LIST filename command described
below, except that it uses the last file name that was entered as part of
a LIST filename command. If no such command has been entered,
the default filename LIST.ECM is used.
LIST filename
This command attempts to open filename as a writable file. If
filename already exists, then iECM-86 asks if the file is to be
overwritten or if the new data should be appended to the existing file.
It then opens the file and stamps it with the current date and time
from the system clock. Subsequent commands entered by the user
and the responses generated by iECM-86 are recorded in the file.
LOG
This command behaves like the LOG filename command described
below, except that it uses the last file name that was entered as part of
a LOG filename command. If no such command has been entered,
the default file name LOG.ECM is used.
LOG filename
This command attempts to open filename as a writable file. If
filename already exists, iECM-86 asks if the file is to be overwritten
or if the new data should be appended to the file. It then opens the
file and stamps it with the current date and time. Subsequent
commands entered by the user are recorded in the file. Note that this
file may contain nonprintable characters (e.g., ESC).
LISTOFF
LISTON
The LISTOFF command closes a list file that has been specified by
the LIST command. This stops new list information from being
recorded. The LISTON command reopens the list file in the append
mode so that recording can start again. LISTON also stamps the list
file with the current date and time from the system clock.
LOGOFF
LOGON
The LOGOFF command closes a log file that has been specified by
the LOG command. This stops new log information from being
recorded. The LOGON command reopens the log file in the append
mode so that recording can start again. LOGON also stamps the list
file with the current date and time from the system clock.
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iECM-86 COMMANDS
5.3
PROGRAM CONTROL
Commands that control program execution allow you to reset the processor, set execution break-
points, start execution, stop execution, step, and super step. The commands are grouped by their
major functions for the sake of discussion.
5.3.1 Resetting the Target
The processor can be reset by executing the following iECM-86 command:
RESET CHIP
RES CHIP
This command physically resets the processor by setting the RISM_DATA register to
0XXXX0001 and issuing a MONITOR_ESC RISM command, which causes the target to
perform a JMP FFFF:0000H instruction.
5
RESET SYSTEM
RES SYSTEM
RES
This command resets the entire iECM-86 system, including the target. It operates by bringing the
DCD line of the serial port low. This, with appropriate circuitry in the target system, resets the
target processor. During this process, the iECM-86 software must wait about one second to allow
the main board to complete its initialization routines. The iECM-86 warns of this time delay and
then ignores the user until it expires. Any user code in the Flash must be reloaded after this
command.
5.3.2 Breakpoints
iECM-86 provides sixteen program execution breakpoints. If a given breakpoint is inactive, it is
set to zero; if it is active, it is set to the address of the first byte of an instruction. Breakpoints set
to addresses that are not the first byte of an instruction cause unpredictable errors in the execution
of the user’s code. When execution is started, iECM-86 saves the user code byte at any active
breakpoint and substitutes an INT3 instruction for that byte. Executing an INT3 instruction
causes the iECM-86 to restore the user code bytes where the INT instructions were substituted
and then decrement the user’s program counter so that it points to the original instruction. The
user’s program appears to stop execution immediately before executing the instruction with a
breakpoint set on it. All INT instructions are removed from the user’s code and the original code
is restored.
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NOTE
Most monitor programs similar to iECM-86 display a message on the console
when a break occurs (e.g., “Program break at 1234H”). This is not done in
iECM-86 because the system supports concurrent interrogation of the target on
which the user's code is running; it is possible that the break will occur while
you are in the middle of displaying or modifying the state of the target. Any
special break message would have to interrupt the execution of the command.
Because of this, the iECM-86 does not output a special break message. You
have two ways to find out that a break occurred:
• The prompt changes from a greater-than sign (>) to an asterisk (*).
• The status of the processor shown in the “control panel” at the top of the console screen
changes from “running” to “stopped.”
Commands which set the breakpoint array are:
BR
BR [ bp_number ]
BR [ bp_number ] = code_addr
The square brackets in the latter two commands are part of the command syntax and must be
entered by the user; the angle brackets are part of the “meta” language used to describe the syntax.
Breakpoints can be displayed while your code is running, but they cannot be modified.
NOTE
BR[0] and BR[1] can also be set by the GO command by using the TILL
clause; all breakpoints are cleared by the GO command if the FOREVER
clause is used.
BR
This command displays all of the active breakpoints (i.e., those not
set to zero). You are also informed if no breakpoints are active.
BR [ bp_number]
This command displays the setting of the selected breakpoint and
waits for input from you. If you enter a carriage return, the command
terminates. If you enter an ESC, the next sequential breakpoint is
displayed. If you enter a numeric value, the selected breakpoint is
loaded with the value and the iECM-86 again waits for input. At this
point, you can enter either a carriage return or an ESC. As before, the
ESC causes the iECM-86 to display the next breakpoint and the
carriage return terminates the command. This command wraps
around from the last breakpoint (15t) to the first breakpoint (0).
BR [bp_number] = code_addr
This command sets the specific breakpoint specified
by bp_number to the value code_addr.
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iECM-86 COMMANDS
5.3.3 Program Execution
These commands start and stop execution of user code. The commands provided are:
GO
GO FOREVER
GO FROM code_addr
GO FROM code_addr FOREVER
GO FROM code_addr TILL code_addr
GO FROM code_addr TILL code_addr OR code_addr
GO TILL code_addr
GO TILL code_addr OR code_addr
HALT
5
If a GO with breakpoint command is entered, the user code bytes at the breakpoints are saved and
INT3s are substituted. When a breakpoint is reached, the user’s software stops before the
instruction that caused the breakpoint and the iECM-86 software restores the original user code.
Note that this differs from the operation of most ICE modules, which stop just after the
instruction executes. A problem associated with stopping before the break instruction executes is
that subsequent GO commands may run into the breakpoint before any user code is executed. The
iECM-86 avoids this problem by skipping the setting of any breakpoints set on the instruction
that the current PC points to. If this happens to remove the last breakpoint set, you are warned,
but the GO still executes with no breakpoints enabled. If this happens, you can use the HALT
command to stop the program.
None of the GO commands can be executed while the user’s code is already running; the HALT
command cannot be executed if the user’s code is not running. The GO commands that set
breakpoints use BR[0] and possibly BR[1]. Any break value already in one of these breakpoints
is overwritten and destroyed by these GO commands. If possible, the user should reserve the first
two breakpoints for use by the GO commands, and set the remaining breakpoints (if required)
explicitly with the BR commands.
GO
This command starts execution of the user’s code using the current
value of user’s program counter (PC) and the current breakpoint
array.
GO FOREVER
This command clears the breakpoint array and starts execution at the
current value of the user’s PC.
GO FROM code_addr This command loads the user’s PC with code_addr and starts
execution of the user’s code using the current breakpoint array.
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GO FROM code_addr FOREVER
This command loads the user’s PC with code_addr, clears the
breakpoint array, and starts execution of the user’s code.
GO FROM code_addr TILL code_addr
This command loads the user’s PC with the code_addr that follows
the FROM keyword, sets the first breakpoint (BR[0]) to the
code_addr that follows the TILL keyword, and starts execution of
the user’s code.
GO FROM code_addr TILL code_addr OR code_addr
This command acts like the previous command, except that it also
sets the second breakpoint (BR[1]) to the code_addr that follows the
OR keyword.
GO TILL code_addr
This command sets the first breakpoint (BR[0]) to code_addr and
starts the execution of user code using the current setting of the user’s
PC and the breakpoint array.
GO TILL code_addr OR code_addr
This command acts like the previous command, except that it also
sets the second breakpoint (BR[1]) to the code_addr that follows the
OR keyword.
HALT
This command stops execution of user code by forcing the processor
to execute a jump to self instruction in a reserved location.
5.3.4 Program Stepping
These commands allow stepping through programs one instruction at a time. Between instruc-
tions, the iECM-86 commands can be used to check the state of the variables changed by the
instruction, to ensure that the program is operating properly. Stepping through code allows a more
detailed look at what is going on in the program. The price paid for this detail is that stepping does
not occur in real time; this makes it difficult, or perhaps impossible, to use on code that is tied to
real-time events.
Stepping while interrupts are enabled would be confusing, since interrupt service routines would
be stepped through as well as sequential code. iECM-86 avoids this problem by artificially
locking out interrupts while stepping, ignoring the state of the interrupt enable (IF) or interrupt
mask.
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iECM-86 COMMANDS
Super-stepping is similar to stepping, except that the super-step command treats an interrupt
service routine or a subroutine call (and the body of the subroutine that is called) as one
indivisible instruction. This allows the user to ignore the details of subroutines and interrupt
service routines while evaluating code. This may allow limited stepping through code while
operating in a concurrent environment, but the system will not operate in real time. A better
approach is to use the GO command to execute to a specified breakpoint and then step through
the code being tested, looking for proper operation.
iECM-86 implements the step operation by using the trap flag (TF). To step over a given
instruction, iECM-86 sets the trap flag to put the processor into single-step mode. In this mode,
the CPU automatically generates an internal interrupt after each instruction, allowing a program
to be inspected as it executes. After the processor receives this trap interrupt, it restores all of the
user flags overwritten by the iECM flags.
5
Super-stepping is also accomplished by setting the trap flag, except for CALL instructions, which
are treated as a special case. During a STEP, the iECM-86 sets the trap flag; during a super-step
an INT3 is placed at the instruction following the CALL. Interrupts are suppressed during STEP
operations by saving the user’s IF bit, clearing it before the STEP occurs, and then restoring it.
During a GO or SSTEP command, all instructions are executed by the target.
The iECM-86 commands that implement step operations are the following:
STEP
STEP count
STEP FROM code_addr
STEP FROM code_addr count
SSTEP
SSTEP count
SSTEP FROM code_addr
SSTEP FROM code_addr count
Aside from the style of the actual step operation, the SSTEP and STEP commands behave the
same. They are called single-stepping commands are described as follows.
{STEP | SSTEP}
This command single-steps one time.
{STEP | SSTEP} count This command single-steps count times.
{STEP | SSTEP} FROM code_addr
This command loads the user's program counter (PC) with
code_addr and then single-steps one time.
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{STEP | SSTEP} FROM code_addr count
This command loads the user’s program counter (PC) with
code_addr and then single-steps count times.
5.4 DISPLAYING AND MODIFYING PROGRAM VARIABLES
iECM-86 provides commands to display and modify program variables in several formats. In
addition to simple variables such as bytes and words, more complicated variables such as reals
and character strings are supported. iECM-86 commands allow variables to be displayed or
initialized either individually or as regions of memory that contain variables of the given type.
5.4.1 Supported Data Types
Table 5-1. Supported Data Types
Data Type
Description
BYTE
A BYTE is an eight-bit variable. No alignment rules are enforced for BYTE
variables.
CHAR
WORD
DWORD
STACK
A CHAR is a special case of a BYTE. CHAR variables are displayed as
ASCII characters.
A WORD is a 16-bit variable. The address of a WORD is the address of its
least significant byte.
A DWORD is a 32-bit variable. The address of a DWORD is the address of
its least significant byte.
A STACK variable is a 16-bit variable that resides in the system stack. The
address of a stack variable (stack_addr) is taken to be relative to the current
stack pointer
STRING
A STRING is a sequence of ASCII characters that are terminated by the
NUL character. The ASCII character NUL has the binary value of zero.
PORT
A PORT is an 8-bit I/O port. No alignment rules are enforced for PORTs.
WPORT
A WPORT is a 16-bit I/O port. The address of a WPORT is the address of its
least significant byte. A WPORT must start at an even address.
In addition to supporting access to variables of the above types, iECM-86 also provides
commands to access the microprocessor registers and other special program variables such as PC
(program counter), and SP (stack pointer). These commands include AX, AH, AL, BX, BH, BL,
CX, CH, and CL.
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iECM-86 COMMANDS
5.4.2 BYTE Commands
There are four forms for the BYTE commands:
BYTE byte_address
BYTE byte_address = byte_value
BYTE byte_address TO byte_address
BYTE byte_address TO byte_address = byte_value
All of these commands can be used whether or not the user’s program is running.
BYTE byte_address
This form is used to examine and then possibly change one or more
sequential BYTE variables. When this command is invoked, iECM-
86 displays the byte_address in hexadecimal notation and the value
of the BYTE in the default base, then waits for an input from you.
You can respond with a carriage return character, an ESC character,
or a numeric value. A carriage return terminates the command. An
ESC results in the display of the next sequential BYTE variable. If a
numeric value is entered, the BYTE variable is set to this value and
the iECM-86 again waits for input. At this point, you can respond
only with an ESC or carriage return. As before, the ESC displays the
next sequential BYTE and the carriage return terminates the
command.
5
BYTE byte_address = byte_value
This form is used to set an individual BYTE variable without first
checking its current value. When invoked, this command sets the
BYTE variable at byte_address to byte_value.
BYTE byte_address TO byte_address
This form is used to display a region of memory as a sequence of
BYTE variables. When this command is invoked, iECM-86 starts by
displaying the current default base and then a series of lines showing
the contents of the selected memory region. The next line starts with
a hexadecimal display of the address of the next BYTE variable to be
displayed, followed by the display of up to 16 bytes of memory as
BYTE variables in the default base. A new line start whenever 16
bytes of memory have been displayed on the line. The command
terminates when all of the BYTE variables in the selected range have
been displayed. During lengthy displays, you can stop the output to
the console by pressing the space bar. You can resume the display by
pressing the space bar a second time. You terminate the command by
entering a carriage return.
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BYTE byte_address TO byte_address = byte_value
This form is used to initialize a region of memory to the given
byte_value. Note that this command takes a little over a millisecond
(at 9600 baud) for each BYTE loaded. You can terminate this
command by entering a carriage return, but terminating the command
leaves only part of the memory region initialized.
5.4.3 WORD Commands
There are four basic forms for the WORD commands:
WORD word_address
WORD word_address = word_value
WORD word_address TO word_address
WORD word_address TO word_address = word_value
All of these commands can be used whether or not the user’s program is running.
WORD word_address
This form is used to examine and then possibly change one or more
sequential WORD variables. When this command is invoked, iECM-
86 displays the word_address in hexadecimal notation and the value
of the WORD in the default base, then waits for an input from you.
You can respond with a carriage return, an ESC, or a numeric value.
A carriage return terminates the command. An ESC results in the
display of the next sequential WORD variable. If a numeric value is
entered, the WORD variable is set to this value and the iECM-86
again waits for input. At this point you can respond only with an ESC
or carriage return. As before, the ESC displays the next sequential
WORD and the carriage return terminates the command.
WORD word_address = word_value
This form is used to set an individual WORD variable without first
checking its current value. When invoked, this command sets the
WORD variable at word_address to word_value.
WORD word_address TO word_address
This form is used to display a region of memory as a sequence of
WORD variables. When this command is invoked, iECM-86 starts
by displaying the current default base and then a series of lines
showing the contents of the selected memory region. The next line
starts with a hexadecimal display of the address of the next WORD
variable to be displayed, followed by the display of up to 16 bytes of
memory as WORD variables in the default base. A new line starts
whenever 16 bytes of memory have been displayed on the line. The
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iECM-86 COMMANDS
command terminates when all of the WORD variables in the selected
range have been displayed. During lengthy displays, you can stop the
output to the console by pressing the space bar. You can resume the
display by pressing the space bar a second time. You terminate the
command by entering a carriage return.
WORD word_address TO word_address = word_value
This form is used to initialize a region of memory to the given
word_value. Note that this command takes a little over a millisecond
(at 9600 baud) for each WORD loaded. You can terminate this
command by entering a carriage return, but terminating the command
leaves only part of the memory region initialized.
5
5.4.4 DWORD Commands
There are four basic forms for the DWORD commands:
DWORD dword_address
DWORD dword_address = dword_value
DWORD dword_address TO dword_address
DWORD dword_address TO dword_address = dword_value
All of these commands can be used whether or not the user’s program is running.
DWORD dword_address
This form is used to examine and then possibly change one or more
sequential DWORD variables. When this command is invoked,
iECM-86 displays the dword_address in hexadecimal notation and
the value of the DWORD in the default base, then waits for an input
from you. You can respond with a carriage return, an ESC, or a
numeric value. A carriage return terminates the command. An ESC
results in the display of the next sequential DWORD variable. If a
numeric value is entered, the DWORD variable is set to this value
and the iECM-86 again waits for input. At this point you can respond
only with an ESC or carriage return. As before, the ESC displays the
next sequential DWORD and the carriage return terminates the
command.
DWORD dword_address = dword_value
This form is used to set an individual DWORD variable without first
checking its current value. When invoked, this command sets the
DWORD variable at dword_address to dword_value.
DWORD dword_address TO dword_address
This form is used to display a region of memory as a sequence of
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DWORD variables. When this command is invoked, iECM-86 starts
by displaying the current default base and then a series of lines
showing the contents of the selected memory region. The next line
starts with a hexadecimal display of the address of the next DWORD
variable to be displayed followed by the display of up to 16 bytes of
memory as DWORD variables in the default base. A new line starts
whenever 16 bytes of memory have been displayed on the line. The
command terminates when all of the DWORD variables in the
selected range have been displayed. During lengthy displays, you can
stop the output to the console by pressing the space bar. You can
resume the display by pressing the space bar a second time. You
terminate the command by entering a carriage return.
DWORD dword_address TO dword_address = dword_value
This form is used to initialize a region of memory to the given
dword_value. Note that this command takes a little over a
millisecond (at 9600 baud) for each DWORD loaded. You can
terminate this command by entering a carriage return, but
terminating the command leaves only part of the memory region
initialized.
5.4.5 STACK Commands
There are two basic forms for the STACK command:
STACK stack_address
STACK stack_address TO stack_address
Both of these commands can be used whether or not the user’s program is running.
STACK stack_address
This command is useful for accessing a 16-bit variable that is known
to be a fixed offset in the system stack. When this command is
invoked, iECM-86 executes a WORD word_address command in
which the word_address is formed by adding stack_address to the
current value of the system stack pointer.
STACK stack_address TO stack_address
This command is useful for accessing a sequence of 16-bit variables
that are known to start at a fixed offset in the system stack. When this
command is invoked, iECM-86 executes a WORD word_address TO
word_address command in which both word_address fields are
formed by adding the corresponding stack_address to the current
value of the system stack pointer. During lengthy displays, you can
stop the output to the console by pressing the space bar. You can
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iECM-86 COMMANDS
resume the display by pressing the space bar a second time. You
terminate the command by entering a carriage return.
5.4.6 STRING Commands
There is only one form of the STRING command:
STRING byte_address
The line starts with a hexadecimal display of byte_address followed by the NUL-terminated
ASCII string starting at that address. For long strings, only the first 60 characters are dis-
played. When trailing characters are stripped, decimal points (.) are substituted for the first
three characters stripped.
5
5.4.7 PORT Commands
There are four forms for the PORT command:
PORT port_address
PORT port_address = byte_value
PORT port_address TO port_address
PORT port_address TO port_address = byte_value
All of these commands can be used whether or not the user’s program is running.
PORT port_address
This form is used to examine and then possibly change one or more
sequential PORT variables. When this command is invoked, iECM-
86 displays the port_address in hexadecimal notation and the value
of the PORT in the default base, then waits for an input from you.
You can respond with a carriage return, an ESC, or a numeric value.
A carriage return terminates the command. An ESC results in the
display of the next sequential PORT variable. If a numeric value is
entered, the PORT variable is set to this value and the iECM-86
again waits for input. At this point, you can respond only with an
ESC or carriage return. As before, the ESC displays the next
sequential PORT and the carriage return terminates the command.
PORT port_address = byte_value
This form is used to set an individual PORT variable without first
checking its current value. When invoked, this command sets the
PORT variable at port_address to byte_value.
PORT port_address TO port_address
This form is used to display a series of PORT variables. When this
command is invoked, iECM-86 starts by displaying the current
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INTEL 186 EB/EC EVALUATION BOARD USER’S MANUAL
default base and then a series of lines showing the contents of the
selected ports. The next line starts with a hexadecimal display of the
address of the next PORT variable to be displayed, followed by the
display of up to 16 PORT variables in the default base. A new line
starts whenever 16 ports have been displayed on the line. The
command terminates when all of the PORT variables in the selected
range have been displayed. During lengthy displays, you can stop the
output to the console by pressing the space bar. You can resume the
display by pressing the space bar a second time. You terminate the
command by entering a carriage return.
PORT port_address TO port_address = byte_value
This form is used to initialize a set of ports to byte_value. Note that
this command takes a little over a millisecond (at 9600 baud) for
each PORT loaded. You can terminate this command by entering a
carriage return, but terminating the command leaves only part of the
memory region initialized.
5.4.8 WPORT Commands
There are four basic forms for the WPORT commands:
WPORT wport_address
WPORT wport_address = word_value
WPORT wport_address TO wport_address
WPORT wport_address TO wport_address = word_value
All of these commands can be used whether or not the user’s program is running.
WPORT wport_address
This form is used to examine and possibly change one or more
sequential WPORT variables. When this command is invoked,
iECM-86 displays the wport_address in hexadecimal notation and
the value of the WPORT in the default base, then waits for an input
from you. You can respond with a carriage return, an ESC, or a
numeric value. A carriage return terminates the command. An ESC
results in the display of the next sequential WPORT variable. If a
numeric value is entered, the WPORT variable is set to this value and
the iECM-86 again waits for input. At this point, you can respond
only with an ESC or carriage return. As before, the ESC displays the
next sequential WPORT and the carriage return terminates the
command.
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iECM-86 COMMANDS
WPORT wport_address = word_value
This form is used to set an individual WPORT variable without first
checking its current value. When invoked, this command sets the
WPORT variable at wport_address to word_value.
WPORT wport_address TO wport_address
This form is used to display a series of WPORT variables. When this
command is invoked, iECM-86 starts by displaying the current
default base and then a series of lines showing the contents of the
selected ports. The next line starts with a hexadecimal display of the
address of the next WPORT variable to be displayed, followed by the
display of up to 16 WPORT variables in the default base. A new line
starts whenever 16 bytes of memory have been displayed on the line.
The command terminates when all of the WPORT variables in the
selected range have been displayed. During lengthy displays, you can
stop the output to the console by pressing the space bar. You can
resume the display by pressing the space bar a second time. You
terminate the command by entering a carriage return.
5
WPORT wport_address TO wport_address = word_value
This form is used to initialize a set of ports to word_value. Note that
this command takes a little over a millisecond (at 9600 baud) for
each WPORT loaded. You can terminate this command by entering a
carriage return, but terminating the command leaves only part of the
memory region initialized.
5.4.9 Processor Variables
Several commands are provided to access variables that are associated with the processor rather
than with the program:
AX
AH
AL
BX
BH
BL
CX
CH
CL
DX
DH
DL
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INTEL 186 EB/EC EVALUATION BOARD USER’S MANUAL
CS
DS
SP
BP
DI
ES
FLAGS
IP
PC {=<code_address>}
REGS
SI
SP = <word_address>
SS
The processor variables can be modified only while the target is stopped. They can be read at any
time. These commands allow the display and loading of the internal target processor registers.
Display is in the default base. Addresses are displayed in the last format used (i.e., if PC was
loaded with the PC=segment:offset command, addresses will be displayed in that format).
The REGS command displays the register contents of the microprocessor in the current base. The
80C186EC registers may be individually displayed or changed by referring to them by name. The
registers with suffixes of ‘H or ‘L are byte-wide; all others are word-wide.
The PC and SP commands are special cases because they modify both segment and offset (i.e.,
CS:IP, SS:SP).
NOTE
The examination of the SP will be confusing if you don’t understand the
following paragraph.
The iECM-86 software uses twenty-eight words in the user’s stack to store all internal CPU
registers during a host interface interrupt. When the user displays the SP (or uses the STACK
command), the value shown for SP is adjusted by the correct number of bytes to compensate for
this overhead so that it becomes invisible to the user (the user must still allow for the extra stack
space used).
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6
iRISM-186
Commands
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CHAPTER 6
iRISM-186 COMMANDS
This chapter describes the elements of iRISM-186 monitor code. This information is common to
all implementations.
6.1 iRISM VARIABLES
The following table lists the RISM variables and provides a description of each.
Table 6-1. iRISM Variables
Variable
Description
RISM_DATA
A 32-bit register that acts as the primary data interface between software
running in the host and the RISM running in the target.
6
RISM_ADDR
A 32-bit register that contains the address to be used for reading and writing
target memory. The base address is contained in the most significant word
and the offset is in the least significant word.
RISM_STATUS
An 8-bit register used to store RISM status and state information. This
register contains the following boolean flags:
BOOLEAN FLAGS
DATA_FLAG
RUN_FLAG
TRAP_FLAG
Indicates that the next character received by the RISM should be treated as a
data byte, even if its value corresponds to an implemented command.
Indicates that the target is running user code. It can modify the operation of
some RISM commands.
Indicates that the target was running user code, but that a software trap
suspended its execution. The TRAP_FLAG is cleared whenever RISM starts
execution of user code.
DIAG_FLAG
An optional flag that indicates that the target is operating in a diagnostic
mode. Details of this flag are implementation-dependent.
USER_CS /
USER_IP
Used to save the user’s program counter while the user’s code is not
executing.
USER_FLAGS
Saves the user’s program status word while the user’s code is not executing.
6.1.1 Other Variables
Specific implementations of RISMs will require other variables for temporary storage.
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6.2 RISM STRUCTURE
The RISM resides in the target system and provides the interface between the target system and
the user interface, which resides in the host system. The RISM is compact and simple. This serves
two purposes:
1. The RISM can reside in a user’s system with minimal impact on available memory.
2. The RISM is easy to port into the target’s environment.
The internal state structure of the RISM was kept as simple as possible. There are only three
internal flags that can change the way that the RISM deals with a character sent by the host.
6.3 RECEIVING DATA FROM THE HOST
When the RISM receives a character from the host, its first task is to determine whether the
character represents a command or data. When the character is less than 32 (decimal), it is
assumed to be a command. When the character is more than 32 (decimal), it is assumed to be data.
When the host needs to send a data byte that has a value less than 32, it first must issue a
SET_DATA_FLAG command. When the DATA_FLAG is set, the next character received by the
RISM is interpreted as data (even if it is less than 32), and the DATA_FLAG is cleared. Once the
RISM determines that the received character is a data byte, it processes it by shifting the 32-bit
RISM_DATA register left eight places and then placing the data byte in the lower byte of the
RISM_DATA register. The data shifted out of the upper byte of the RISM_DATA register is
discarded.
6.4 SENDING DATA TO THE HOST
When the host expects data to be returned from the RISM, it sends a TRANSMIT command byte
and waits for a response. The RISM transmits the lower byte of the 32-bit RISM_DATA register
and right shifts the RISM_DATA register by eight bits. As part of this command, the RISM
increments its RISM_ADDR register. The RISM transmits data only in response to a
TRANSMIT command, never on its own initiative or even in response to other commands from
the host.
6.5 RISM COMMANDS
This section details the operation of each of the commands sent to the RISM.
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iRISM-186 COMMANDS
6.5.1 SET_DATA_FLAG (Code 00H)
This command sets the DATA_FLAG. This forces the next character received by the RISM
to be treated as data, even if its value corresponds to a RISM command. The code that over-
rides the normal selection of command or data also clears the DATA_FLAG so that it
applies only to the first character received after the SET_DATA_FLAG command.
6.5.2 TRANSMIT (Code 02H)
This command transmits the lower eight bits of the RISM_DATA register to the host, right
shifts the data register eight places, and increments the RISM_ADDR register. Sequential
TRANSMIT commands are used to read the RISM_DATA register; the RISM_ADDR reg-
ister indicates the address that corresponds to the least-significant byte in the RISM_DATA
register.
6.5.3 READ_BYTE (Code 04H)
6
This command reads the byte of memory pointed to by the RISM_ADDR register and
places the result in the least-significant byte of the RISM_DATA register.
6.5.4 READ_WORD (Code 05H)
This command reads the word of memory pointed to by the RISM_ADDR register and
places the result in the least-significant word of the RISM_DATA register.
6.5.5 READ_DOUBLE (Code 06H)
This command reads the double-word of memory pointed to by the address register and
places the result in the RISM_DATA register.
6.5.6 WRITE_BYTE (Code 07H)
This command stores the least-significant byte of the RISM_DATA register in the byte of
memory pointed to by the RISM_ADDR register and increments the RISM_ADDR register
(by one) to point to the next memory byte.
6.5.7 WRITE_WORD (Code 08H)
This command stores the least-significant word of the RISM_DATA register in the word of
memory pointed to by the RISM_ADDR register and increments the RISM_ADDR register
(by two) to point at the next memory word.
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6.5.8 WRITE_DOUBLE (Code 09H)
This command stores the RISM_DATA register in the double-word of memory pointed to
by the RISM_ADDR register and increments the RISM_ADDR register (by four) to point
at the next memory double-word.
6.5.9 LOAD_ADDRESS (Code 0AH)
This command loads the RISM_ADDR register with the least-significant word in the
RISM_DATA register.
6.5.10 READ_PC (Code 10H)
This command loads the RISM_DATA register with the CS (Code Segment) and IP
(Instruction Pointer) associated with the user’s code. Most RISM implementations have to
check RUN_FLAG to determine how to access the user’s PC.
6.5.11 WRITE_PC (Code 11H)
This command loads the CS (Code Segment) and the IP (Instruction Pointer) associated
with the user’s code from the RISM_DATA register. The host software will invoke this
command only while user code is not running.
6.5.12 START_USER (Code 12H)
This command starts execution of user code, clears the TRAP_FLAG, and sets the
RUN_FLAG. The action of this command relies on its being executed as part of an ISR
(Interrupt Service Routine). At the start of the ISR, the current CS:IP and FLAGS are
pushed into the stack. If the user code is not running, the CS:IP and FLAGS that are pushed
into the stack are associated with an idle loop that the RISM runs while it waits for an inter-
rupt. The START_USER command deletes the CS:IP and FLAGS from the stack and
replaces them with USER_CS, USER_IP and USER_FLAGS. When control returns from
the ISR, the user’s code (rather than the idle loop) executes. The host software will not issue
a GO command if the user code is already running.
6.5.13 STOP_USER (code 13H)
This command stops the execution of user code and clears the RUN_FLAG. The action of
the HALT command mirrors that of the GO command. In the case of the HALT command,
the user’s CS:IP and FLAGS are pushed into the stack upon entry to the ISR. The
STOP_USER command saves this user information in USER_CS, USER_IP, and
USER_FLAGS and replaces it with CS:IP and FLAGS values associated with the idle loop.
When control returns from the ISR, the idle loop (rather than the user’s code) executes. The
host software will not issue a HALT command unless the user code is running.
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6.5.14 TRAP_ISR
This is a pseudo-command. It cannot be issued directly by the host software, but is executed
when an INT3 is executed. The INT3 instruction is used by iECM-86 for implementing
software breakpoints and for single-stepping. A separate entry point into the STOP_USER
command is provided for the INT3 vector. Code at this entry point sets the TRAP_FLAG
and then drops into the code that implements the STOP_USER command.
6.5.15 REPORT_STATUS (Code 14H)
This command loads the least-significant word of the RISM_DATA register with status
information. Valid status values are 0, 1, and 2:
0—indicates that user code is stopped (RUN_FLAG and TRAP_FLAG are both
FALSE)
1—indicates that user code is running (RUN_FLAG is TRUE)
2—indicates that user code executed a TRAP instruction (TRAP_FLAG is TRUE)
The host software periodically polls the target system to check on its status, and this polling
can rob execution time from the user’s program. This loss of target processor cycles can be
avoided by setting the Ring Indicator modem status line signal whenever the RUN_FLAG
is set. The host software assumes that the target is running user code whenever it detects the
ring indicator and issues REPORT_STATUS commands only if the ring indicator is off.
6.5.16 MONITOR_ESCAPE (Code 15H)
This command provides for the addition of RISM commands for special purposes; it uses
the RISM_DATA register to extend the command set of the RISM. The basic RISM
requires only one of these “extended” commands; if the lower 16-bits of the RISM_DATA
register is one (RISM_DATA = 0XXXX0001H), the target processor should execute either
a RST (ReSeT) instruction or a software initialization routine.
6.5.17 READ_BPORT (Code 16H)
This command reads the 8-bit input port pointed to by the RISM_ADDR register and places
the result in the least-significant byte of the RISM_DATA register.
6.5.18 WRITE_BPORT (Code 17H)
This command stores the least-significant byte of the RISM_DATA register in the 8-bit out-
put port pointed to by the RISM_ADDR register.
6.5.19 READ_WPORT (Code 18H)
This command reads the 16-bit input port pointed to by the RISM_ADDR register and
places the result in the least-significant word of the RISM_DATA register.
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6.5.20 WRITE_WPORT (Code 19H)
This command stores the least-significant word of the RISM_DATA register in the 16-bit
output port pointed to by the RISM_ADDR register.
6.5.21 STEP (Code 1AH)
This command sets the target processor’s TRAP_FLAG and the RUN_FLAG and steps one
instruction. After setting these flags, the action of this command is similar to the
START_USER command followed by a TRAP.
6.5.22 READ_REG (Code 1BH)
This command reads the word value of a CPU register pointed to by the most-significant
word of the RISM_DATA register and places the result in the least-significant word of the
RISM_DATA register. Registers are accessed as shown in Table 6-2:
Table 6-2. iRISM Registers
MSW of RISM_DATA
Register
0000H
0001H
0002H
0003H
0004H
0005H
0006H
0007H
0008H
0009H
000AH
000BH
000CH
000DH
SS
ES
DS
DI
SI
BP
SP
BX
DX
CX
AX
IP
CS
FLAGS
6.5.23 WRITE_REG (Code 1CH)
This command stores the least-significant word of the RISM_DATA register in the CPU register
pointed to by the most-significant word of the RISM_DATA register. Registers are accessed as
shown in Table 6-2.
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iRISM-186 COMMANDS
6.5.24 Start Up Commands (/ or \)
Upon reset, the board is in the echo mode. Until it receives an ASCII slash (/) or reverse-
slash (\), it increments every character it receives from the host and sends the incremented
value back to the host. It also displays the binary code of the character received on the
LEDs. If a reverse-slash is received by the RISM, the board leaves the echo mode and starts
normal operation. If a slash is received, it stops echoing incremented received data and
starts responding to RISM commands with the diagnostic flag set. (See the option “-DIAG”
on page 4-4 for additional information on the diagnostic mode.)
6
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A
Parts List
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APPENDIX A
PARTS LIST
Table A-1 provides the board location, manufacturer, and description of each part on the 80186
EB Evaluation Board. Table A-2 provides the same information for the 186 EC Evaluation Board.
Table A-1. 80186 EB Board Manual Parts List (Sheet 1 of 3)
MANUFACTURER
PART NUMBER
LOCATION
DESCRIPTION
CAP, .001µF
CAP, .01µF
CAP, 10µF
FOOTPRINT
CC0805
CC0805
6032
COMMENTS
C31
Kemet #
C0805C102K5RAC
SMT Chip Cap
C22,C26
C5,C32
Kemet #
C0805C103K5RAC
SMT Chip Cap
SMT Tant.
Kemet #
A
T491C106K010AS
C4,C9,C10,
Kemet #
CAP, .1µF
CC0805
SMT Chip Cap
C0805C104K5RAC
C11,C13,C14,
C20,C21,C23,
C24,C28,C29,
C30,C34
C1,C2,C3,
Kemet #
C2220C105J5RAC
CAP, 1µF
CC2220
SMT Chip Cap
SMT Chip Cap
C6,C7,C8,
C15,C19
C33
Kemet #
T491D476K016AS
CAP, 47µF
CAP, 100µF
CAP, 330pF
CAP, 22pF
7343
C12,C27
C25
Kemet #
T495X107K010AS
7343H
SMT Tant.
ESR<.25 Ω
SMT Chip Cap
Kemet #
C0805C331K5RAC
CC0805
CC0805
CC0805
C17,C18
C16
Kemet #
C0805C220J5GAC
SMT Chip Cap
Not installed, but
place footprint
D1
Philips #1N4148
DIODE, 1N4148
DIODE, 1N5817
DO-35
DO-41
Axial lead Diode
D2,D3
Motorola # 1N5817
Axial lead Schottky
Diode
E1,E4,E5
E2,E3
J2
3M #23036111TG
3M #23066121TG
3 PIN HEADER
4 PIN HEADER
JUMP3
JUMP4
3 pin header for
jumper
4 pin header for
jumper, cut 2 x 6
Methode
2 PIN PWR CONN
CN2PMLX
2 pin power connector
#3100-8-102-01
A-1
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INTEL 186 EB/EC EVALUATION BOARD USER’S MANUAL
Table A-1. 80186 EB Board Manual Parts List (Sheet 2 of 3)
MANUFACTURER
PART NUMBER
LOCATION
DESCRIPTION
14 PIN SIP SKT
2 X 30 HEADER
2 X 12 HEADER
FOOTPRINT
SIP14
COMMENTS
J1
AMP #544282-3
AMP # 4-87227-0
AMP # 1-103186-2
14 pin SIP socket
terminal strip
JP1
HDR2X30
HDR2X12
Cut to size
(3-103186-0)
JP2
L3
Coilcraft #D03316P-103 10 µH INDUCTOR
SMT inductor, 10µH
SMT inductor, 100µH
L2
Coilcraft #D03316P-104 100µH INDUCTOR
L1
3216CHIP
DB9FM1
SOT23
Not installed, but
place footprint
P1,P2
Q1
AMP # 748875-3
DB9
RECEPTACLE
9 pin, sub-D, R/A,
female
Motorola
PNP TRANSISTOR
SMT PNP
#MMBT2907ALT1
transistor,2907A
R1
Dale # CRCW1206
Dale # CRCW1206
RES, 100k Ω
RES, 10k Ω
CR1206
CR1206
SMT resistor, 100k
SMT resistor, 10k
R4,R5,R6,
R7,R8,R12,
R13
R9
Dale # CRCW1206
RES, 220k Ω
RES,16.9k,.1%
CR1206
CR1206
SMT resistor, 220k
R11
Dale # TNPW-1206-
1692-B-T-2
SMT resistor,16.9k,
.1% tolerance
R10
Dale # TNPW-1206-
1002-B-T-2
RES,10k,.1%
CR1206
SMT resistor,16.9k,
.1% tolerance
R3
R2
Dale # CRCW1206
RES, 1.5k Ω
POT,50k
CR1206
SMT resistor, 1.5k
Bourns 3006P,50k,
potentiometer
PT3006P
Thru-hole
potentiometer,50k
RP1
S1
Bourns # 4610X-101
RPACK, 10K Ω
SIP10
Thru-hole,10 pin, 10k
RPACK
ITT Cannon #
KSAOM211
Mom. switch
RESET
Thru-hole, 4 pin
(Include square blk
button #)
TP1 - TP8
U11
Mill-Max # 3132-0-00-
15-00-00-08-0
Testpoint turret
12V Supply device
SMT 32 pin socket
3.3V,1Mb,SRAM
5V,1Mb,SRAM
EPOINT
S08
Maxim # MAX734CSA
Pending SMT
availability
XU8, XU13
U8,U13
U8,U13
Berg McKenzie #
SOJ32P-4.0
SOJ32/400
SRAM Sockets
NEC
To be installed
(socketed)
# D431008LLE-A17
NEC # D431008LE-17
Bagged, to be
included in kit
package
U8,U13
Hitachi
#HM62W8127HLJP-35
3.3V,1Mb,SRAM
Possible secondary
source for 3V & 5V
SRAM
A-2
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PARTS LIST
Table A-1. 80186 EB Board Manual Parts List (Sheet 3 of 3)
MANUFACTURER
PART NUMBER
LOCATION
DESCRIPTION
FOOTPRINT
COMMENTS
XU9
Meritec # 980021-44-01 SMT 44 pin socket
SOP44
SMT 44 pin
socket,w/o alignment
pins
U9
INTEL
#PA28F400BV-T60
4Mb,boot blk,flash
74AC573
Socketed
U6,U12,U14
U7
Motorola #
MC74AC573DW
SO20W
SO8
SMT Octal latch
Maxim # MAX750CSA
AMP # 822039-3
Step-down
regulator
Pending SMT
availability
XU10
28 Pin PLCC
socket
SOCKET28
SMT 28 pin PLCC
socket
U10
U1
Lattice
#GAL22LV10C-15LJ
Low voltage GAL
Socketed
Motorola # MC74AC14D
Maxim # MAX561CWI
Thru-hole DIP socket
74AC14
SO14
SO28W
XTAL8
SMT Hex Schmitt Trg.
inverter
A
U2
562 Ser. xceiver
4 pin socket for osc
32MHZ Oscillator
SMT 3.3V 562
Interface device
XU5, XU3
U5
4 pin socket in 8 pin
DIP size for oscillators
CTS 32MHZ,half size
can
Socketed, Digi-Key
# CTX174-ND
U3
CTS 6MHZ,half size can 6MHZ Oscillator
Socketed, Digi-Key
# CTX159-ND
XU4
Samtec
#PLCC-084-T-N
84 ld PLCC socket
SOCKET84
XTALV
SMT 84 pin
socket,w/o alignment
pins
U4
Y1
INTEL # N80L186EB-16 3.3V 80X186EB
Socketed
microprocessor
Not installed, but
place footprint
Jumper shunts
J1
Configureable options
Sharp # LM16155
LCD Display
Socketed at J3,
mount holes will
require stndoff
Standoff H/W
EF Johnson #J234-ND
(D/K)
Round Spacer,
.375
2/Bd.Require (2) 2-56
nylon
screw,nut,washer
H538-ND,H612-ND,
#2 washer (D/K)
Nylon #2 H/W
Nylon#2-56,3/4
screw,nut,washer as
per above
A-3
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INTEL 186 EB/EC EVALUATION BOARD USER’S MANUAL
Table A-2. 80186 EC Board Manual Parts List (Sheet 1 of 3)
MANUFACTURER
PART NUMBER
LOCATION
DESCRIPTION
CAP, .001µF
CAP, .01µF
CAP, 10µF
FOOTPRINT
CC0805
CC0805
6032
COMMENTS
C31
Kemet #
C0805C102K5RAC
SMT Chip Cap
C21,C30
Kemet #
C0805C103K5RAC
SMT Chip Cap
SMT Tant.
C8,C32
Kemet #
T491C106K010AS
C7,C13,C14,
Kemet #
CAP, .1µF
CC0805
SMT Chip Cap
C0805C104K5RAC
C15,C16,C17,
C20,C22,C23,
C26,C27,C28,
C29,C34
C1,C2,C3,
Kemet #
CAP, 1µF
CC2220
SMT Chip Cap
C2220C105J5RAC
C6,C10,C11,
C12,C18
C33
Kemet #
T491D476K016AS
CAP, 47µF
CAP, 100µF
CAP, 330pF
CAP, 22pF
7343
SMT Chip Cap
C19,C25
C24
Kemet #
T495X107K010AS
7343H
SMT Tant. ESR<.25 Ω
SMT Chip Cap
Kemet #
C0805C331K5RAC
CC0805
CC0805
CC0805
C5,C9
C4
Kemet #
C0805C220J5GAC
SMT Chip Cap
Not installed, but
place footprint
D1
Philips #1N4148
DIODE, 1N4148
DIODE, 1N5817
DO-35
DO-41
Axial lead Diode
D2,D3
Motorola # 1N5817
Axial lead Schottky
Diode
E1,E4,E5
E2,E3
J2
3M #23036111TG
3M #23066121TG
3 PIN HEADER
4 PIN HEADER
2 PIN PWR CONN
14 PIN SIP SKT
JUMP3
JUMP4
3 pin header for
jumper
4 pin header for
jumper, cut 2 x 6
Methode
#3100-8-102-01
CN2PMLX
SIP14
2 pin power connector
J1
AMP #544282-3
14 pin SIP socket
terminal strip
JP1
JP2
L3
AMP # 4-87227-0
AMP # 2-87227-0
2 X 30 HEADER
2 X 20 HEADER
HDR2X30
HDR2X20
Cut to size
Coilcraft #DO3316P-103 10 µH INDUCTOR
Coilcraft #DO3316P-104 100µH INDUCTOR
SMT inductor, 10µH
SMT inductor, 100µH
L2
A-4
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PARTS LIST
Table A-2. 80186 EC Board Manual Parts List (Sheet 2 of 3)
MANUFACTURER
PART NUMBER
LOCATION
DESCRIPTION
FOOTPRINT
3216CHIP
DB9FM1
COMMENTS
L1
Not installed, but
place footprint
P1,P2
Q1
AMP # 748875-3
DB9
RECEPTACLE
9 pin, sub-D, R/A,
female
Motorola #
PNP TRANSISTOR
SOT23
SMT PNP
MMBT2907ALT1
transistor,2907A
R1
Dale # CRCW1206
Dale # CRCW1206
RES, 100k Ω
RES, 10k Ω
CR1206
CR1206
SMT resistor, 100k
SMT resistor, 10k
R4,R5,R6,
R7,R8,R9,
R10
R11
Dale # CRCW1206
RES, 220k Ω
RES,16.9k,.1%
CR1206
CR1206
SMT resistor, 220k
R13
Dale # TNPW-1206-
1692-B-T-2
SMT resistor,16.9k,
.1% tolerance
A
R12
Dale # TNPW-1206-
1002-B-T-2
RES,10k,.1%
CR1206
SMT resistor,16.9k,
.1% tolerance
R3
R2
Dale # CRCW1206
RES, 1.5k Ω
POT,50k
CR1206
SMT resistor, 1.5k
Bourns 3006P,50k,
potentiometer
PT3006P
Thru-hole
potentiometer,50k
RP1
S1
Bourns # 4610X-101
RPACK, 10K Ω
SIP10
Thru-hole,10 pin, 10k
RPACK
ITT Cannon
# KSAOM211
Mom. switch
RESET
Thru-hole, 4 pin
(Include square blk
button #)
TP1 - TP8
U11
Mill-Max # 3132-0-00-
15-00-00-08-0
Testpoint turret
12V Supply device
SMT 32 pin socket
3.3V,1Mb,SRAM
5V,1Mb,SRAM
EPOINT
S08
Maxim # MAX734CSA
Pending SMT
availability
XU7, XU13
U7,U13
U7,U13
U7,U13
Berg McKenzie
# SOJ32P-4.0
SOJ32/400
SRAM Sockets
NEC # D431008LLE-
A17
To be installed
(socketed)
NEC # D431008LE-17
Bagged, to be included
in kit package
Hitachi #
HM62W8127HLJP-35
3.3V,1Mb,SRAM
Possible secondary
source for 3V & 5V
SRAM
XU9
Meritec
# 980021-44-01
SMT 44 pin socket
SOP44
SMT 44 pin
socket,w/o alignment
pins
U9
INTEL # PA28F400BV- 4Mb,boot blk,flash
T60
Socketed
U8,U12,U14
U6
Motorola
# MC74AC573DW
74AC573
SO20W
SO8
SMT Octal latch
Maxim # MAX750CSA
Step-down
regulator
Pending SMT
availability
A-5
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INTEL 186 EB/EC EVALUATION BOARD USER’S MANUAL
Table A-2. 80186 EC Board Manual Parts List (Sheet 3 of 3)
MANUFACTURER
PART NUMBER
LOCATION
DESCRIPTION
FOOTPRINT
COMMENTS
XU10
AMP # 822039-3
28 Pin PLCC
socket
SOCKET28
SMT 28 pin PLCC
socket
U10
U1
Lattice # GAL22LV10C- Low voltage GAL
15LJ
Socketed
Motorola # MC74AC14D
74AC14
SO14
SO28W
XTAL8
SMT Hex Schmitt Trg.
inverter
U2
Maxim # MAX561CWI
562 Ser. xceiver
SMT 3.3V 562
Interface device
XU3, XU5
U3
Mill-Max #S190-00-000- 4 pin socket for osc
00-22000
4 pin socket in 8 pin
DIP size for oscillators
CTS 32MHZ,half size
can
32MHZ Oscillator
Socketed, Digi-Key
# CTX174-ND
U5
CTS 6MHZ,half size can 6MHZ Oscillator
Socketed, Digi-Key
# CTX159-ND
XU4
3M # 2-0100-07243-
000-018-007
100 ld PQFP
socket
Thru-hole socket
U4
Y1
INTEL
# KU80L186EC-16
3.3V 80X186EC
Socketed
microprocessor
XTALV
Not installed, but
place footprint
Jumper shunts
J1
Configureable options
Sharp # LM16155
LCD Display
Socketed at J3, mount
holes will require
stndoff
Standoff H/W
EF Johnson #J234-ND
Round Spacer,
.375
2/Bd.Require (2) 2-56
nylon
screw,nut,washer
H538-ND,H612-ND,#2
washer
Nylon #2 H/W
Nylon#2-56,3/4
screw,nut,washer,as
per above
A-6
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INDEX
80C186EB/EC features, 3-2
80C188EB/EC, configuring board jumpers, 3-2
8-bit bus, configuring the board for, 3-2
I
I/O port unit, 3-1
I/O space, reserved, 4-6
iEC-86
program variables, 5-10
iECM-86, 4-1
breakpoints, 5-5
features, 4-1
program stepping, 5-8
supported data types, 5-10
iECM-86 commands, 4-3
BR, 5-6
A
adaptor
25-pin to 9-pin, 3-11
for in-circuit emulation, 3-2
B
BCLK0 input, 3-10
breakpoints, 5-5
bus expansion, 3-14
BYTE, 5-11
DWORD, 5-13
GO, 5-7
C
connectors
P1, 3-9
GO FOREVER, 5-7
GO FROM, 5-7
GO TILL, 5-8
HALT, 5-7, 5-8
INCLUDE, 5-3
LIST, 5-4
P2, 3-10
customer service, 1-4
D
data types, supported by iECM-86, 5-10
display controller, 3-15
LISTOFF/ON, 5-4
LOAD, 5-2
LOG, 5-4
LOGOFF/LOGON, 5-4
PAUSE, 5-3
PORT, 5-15
RESET CHIP, 5-5
RESET SYSTEM, 5-5
SAVE, 5-2
STACK, 5-14
STEP | SSTEP, 5-9
STRING, 5-15
WORD, 5-12
E
E1 jumper, 3-8
EIA/TIA-562 protocol, 3-10
Embedded Controller Monitor (ECM), 4-1, 4-2
evaluation board
layout of EB, 2-1
layout of EC, 2-2
setting up, 2-4–2-5
expansion connectors, 3-12
Expansion memory, 3-3
F
FaxBack service, 1-4
Flash loader utility, 3-5
Flash memory, 3-3
bus width configuration, 3-5
downloading to, 3-5–3-6
mapping, 3-5
WPORT, 5-16
include files, 5-3
iRISM-186, 4-1
registers, 6-6
restrictions, 4-2
on-board, 3-1
J
H
JP1 expansion connector, 3-12
jumpers
hardware overview, 3-1
Hitachi 44780 LCD display controller, 3-15
configuring for an 8-bit bus, 3-2
E1, 3-8
J2 (power connector), 3-8
summary, 3-1
Index-1
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INTEL 186 EB/EC EVALUATION BOARD USER’S MANUAL
STOP_USER, 6-4
TRANSMIT, 6-3
TRAP_ISR, 6-5
WRITE_BPORT, 6-5
WRITE_BYTE, 6-3
WRITE_DOUBLE, 6-4
WRITE_PC, 6-4
WRITE_REG, 6-6
WRITE_WORD, 6-3
WRITE_WPORT, 6-6
L
LCD interface, 3-15
list files, 5-3
log files, 5-3
M
Maxim MAX561, 3-10
Maxim MAX750, 3-8
memory configuration, 3-3
memory map, 3-3
memory, reserved, 4-6
RISM monitor, 3-3
N
S
non-maskable interrupt, 4-6
notational conventions, 1-2
segment variable registers, 5-1
serial control unit, 3-1
serial port connector (P1), 3-9
serial ports
P
P1 connector, 3-9
on-chip, 3-10
reconfiguring for different operating
frequency, 3-2
P2 connector, 3-10
peripheral expansion connector, 3-12, 3-13
power supply, 3-8
processor, selecting type using jumper, 3-1
program control, 5-5
program stepping, in iECM-86 programs, 5-8
programmable chip-selects, 3-1
SRAM memory, 3-3
SRAM, mapping, 3-7
super-stepping, 5-9
T
technical support, 1-5
timer/counter unit, 3-1
Trap Flag, 4-6
R
reserved I/O space, 4-6
reserved memory, 4-6
RISM
used in step operation, 5-9
receiving data from host, 6-2
sending data to the host, 6-2
structure, 6-2
V
voltage, selecting using jumper, 3-1
W
variables, 6-1
World Wide Web, 1-4
RISM commands
LOAD_ADDRESS, 6-4
MONITOR_ESCAPE, 6-5
READ_BPORT, 6-5
READ_BYTE, 6-3
READ_DOUBLE, 6-3
READ_PC, 6-4
READ_REG, 6-6
READ_WORD, 6-3
READ_WPORT, 6-5
REPORT_STATUS, 6-5
SET_DATA_FLAG, 6-3
start-up commands, 6-7
START_USER, 6-4
STEP, 6-6
Index-2
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